CN101812633B - Steel used for hot galvanizing structural component with high yield ratio and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Steel used for hot galvanizing structural component with high yield ratio and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides steel used for a hot galvanizing structural component with high yield ratio, which comprises the following chemical constituents in percentage by weight: 0.02-0.10% of C, less than or equal to 0.1% of Si, 0.10-0.80% of Mn, less than or equal to 0.05% of P, less than or equal to 0.015% of S, 0.01-0.10% of T. Al, 0.002-0.02% of Nb, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities. In the invention, a hot rolling and annealing control process is adopted to obtain CQ-level precipitation strength steel with the tensile strength of 350-430 Mpa and good welding and surface quality. The composition system of the steel has low content of silicon and manganese, and does not contain chromium, molybdenum or other alloying elements, so the cost is low.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to metal material field, relate to steel used for hot galvanizing structural component, particularly steel used for hot galvanizing structural component with high yield ratio.
Background technology
In decades in the past, using steel as automobile structure, experienced important several times change and development, is main with carbon aluminium-killed steel and phosphor-containing steel at first, mainly improves armor plate strength through solution strengthening; With steel safety, loss of weight, energy-conservation trend, use high tensile steel plate to become the development trend of vehicle structure based on vehicle structure with steel; But along with other rising of strength of materials level; Consider material welding performance; Can not add carbon and phosphorus again; So it is main that material develops into dual phase steel, precipitation strength steel gradually, mainly adds alloying elements such as molybdenum, chromium, niobium, titanium again and realize through phase transformation strengthening and precipitation strength with the low-carbon (LC)+composition system of an amount of manganese.The steel of CQ level pot galvanize precipitation strength has in recent years especially obtained using widely; The characteristics of precipitation strength steel are that yield tensile ratio is higher; Have moderate unit elongation and good spot weldability; To plasticity require relatively lowly, be fit to make automobile structure and safety member, like the stiffener of car door, the base support part of seat etc.
According to the regulation of European standard EN10292, pot galvanize precipitation strength steel by ys be divided into 260,300,340,380 substantially, five ranks of 420Mpa, the concrete trade mark and performance requriements are as shown in table 1.
Table 1 Europe superscript EN10292 standard pot galvanize precipitation strength steel series
| YS rank (MPa) | YS(MPa) | TS(MPa) | EL 80(％) | Remarks |
| HX260LAD+Z/ZF | 260～330 | 350～430 | ≥26 | Laterally |
| HX300LAD+Z/ZF | 300～380 | 380～480 | ≥23 | Laterally |
| HX340LAD+Z/ZF | 340～420 | 410～510 | ≥21 | Laterally |
| HX380LAD+Z/ |
380～480 | 440～560 | ≥19 | Laterally |
| HX420LAD+Z/ZF | 420～520 | 470～590 | ≥17 | Laterally |
Patent and pertinent literature through the international online update search show; Automobile is with the production commercialization in the world of pot galvanize precipitation strength steel; Be used for car inner plate and various structural part and stiffener mostly, and intensity rank to be the pot galvanize precipitation strength steel of 350～430Mpa do not see the document record as yet.Online information retrieval to the related patent U.S. Patent No. document have: CN99801687.X, " high-strength steel sheet, high strength alloyed hot-dip zinc-coated steel plate and their method of manufacture "; CN02800375.6, " high-strength hot-dip zinc-coated steel sheet and method of manufacture thereof ".The composition system that these two pieces of patent documentations relate to is low-carbon (LC) (0.03～0.2%), Gao Meng (more than 1.0%), has added a certain amount of Si (0.5～1.0%), and a spot of Mo and Cr.
Because the annealing of pot galvanize product is accomplished on galvanizing line; Will be through the zinc pond about 460 ℃; So when adding alloying element and improving intensity, consider the requirement of platability and the automobile structure of substrate, Si, in annealing process, be prone to form enrichment when the Mn element is too much on the surface to surface quality; Influence the wellability of substrate when zinc-plated, cause zinc-plated defectives such as plating leakage.
For the cold rolling hot dip galvanizing automobile structure of tensile strength 350～430MPa level, need satisfy automobile structure to punching press and weldableness requirement, prevent avulsion, resilience etc.
The present inventor is through controlling carbon content, reduce manganese content, not adding Si, Mo and Cr; Add composition design and the control production technique of a small amount of microalloy element Nb; Obtain the good CQ level precipitation strength steel of tensile strength 350～430Mpa, welding and surface quality, thereby accomplished the present invention.
Summary of the invention
First purpose of the present invention provides a kind of steel used for hot galvanizing structural component with high yield ratio.
Second purpose of the present invention provides the method for manufacture of this steel used for hot galvanizing structural component with high yield ratio.
Steel used for hot galvanizing structural component with high yield ratio provided by the invention has following chemical ingredients by weight percentage:
C：0.02～0.10％
Si：≤0.1％
Mn：0.10～0.80％
P：≤0.05％
S：≤0.015％
T.Al：0.01～0.10％
Nb：0.002～0.02％
All the other are Fe and unavoidable impurities.
The tensile strength that steel used for hot galvanizing structural component with high yield ratio of the present invention has is 350Mpa～430Mpa.
The alloy designs of steel used for hot galvanizing structural component with high yield ratio of the present invention the reasons are as follows:
C：0.02～0.10％。C is important solution strengthening element; Can make material obtain high intensity; But high carbon content can make the stampability of material and weldableness worsen; So carbon can not be too high, take intensity rank and the performance range of 350～430Mpa that material require reaches again into consideration, so carbon is controlled at 0.02～0.10%.
Si：≤0.1％。Si is a ferritic solution strengthening element; Greatly improve intensity, but for hot-dip galvanizing sheet steel, separating out the generation sull at surface of steel plate when Si content is high influences surface treatment; Thereby reduce the moistening adhesive tension of steel plate and liquid zinc; Can directly influence the platability of substrate, thereby influence the hot-dip galvanizing sheet steel surface quality, so the control of Si element is few as far as possible.
Mn: for the comprehensive mechanical performance (intensity, toughness) that guarantees steel, need to add a certain amount of Mn, Mn is especially bigger to the tension intensity effect.But can influence the platability and the surface quality of substrate when Mn content is high on the one hand, simultaneously also unfavorable to weldableness, so under the prerequisite that guarantees the strength of materials, reduce the addition of manganese element as far as possible.
T.Al：0.02～0.10％。The major function of Al is a reductor, should not be low excessively, but influence continuous casting production when too high.
P：≤0.05％。P is a kind of inexpensive solution strengthening element, and an amount of P is useful to intensity, but influences weldableness when too high.So the present invention controls the P element under the prerequisite that guarantees the strength of materials as far as possible;
S：≤0.015％。S be prone to form MnS in steel, cause hot-shortly, influences weldableness simultaneously, so S is low as far as possible, generally is controlled at below 0.015%.
Nb：0.002～0.02％。Nb is through suppressing intensity and the toughness that the recrystallize crystal grain thinning improves material on the one hand; On the other hand, precipitate disperses such as NbC, NbN distribute, and play the effect of precipitation strength through " walking around precipitate " and " cutting precipitate " two kinds of mechanism of dislocation; But consider that the strength of materials of the present invention is relatively low; Tensile strength 350Mpa so added the Nb element of very small amount, guarantees the intensity of material under the situation that reduces C, Si, Mn, P constituent content; Make material that high yield tensile ratio (more than 0.7) is arranged simultaneously, thereby guarantee that material has good comprehensive mechanical performance, good weldableness and surface quality.
Second aspect of the present invention provides the preparation method of above-mentioned steel used for hot galvanizing structural component with high yield ratio; Comprise smelting, continuous casting, hot rolling, pickling, cold rolling, annealing and pot galvanize operation; Hot-rolled process control Heating temperature≤1250 ℃ wherein; Finishing temperature>=870 ℃, coiling temperature is at 600 ℃～680 ℃; The annealing operation controlled temperature is at 720 ℃～820 ℃.
Smelt by following chemical ingredients by weight percentage:
C:0.02～0.10%; Si≤0.1%; Mn:0.10～0.80%; P≤0.05%; S≤0.015%; T.Al:0.01～0.10%; Nb:0.002～0.02%; All the other are Fe and unavoidable impurities.
Cast slab through continuous casting then.
The following parameter of control in the hot-rolled process:
Finishing temperature: material is that to carry out perfect recrystallization rolling during hot rolling, gets into the rolling mixed crystal that causes of two-phase region for fear of material, so finishing temperature >=870 ℃ are controlled on the Ar3 temperature.
Curling temperature: the temperature of curling is too high, can cause crystal grain thick finally bigger to the finished-product material intensity effect.Take all factors into consideration separating out and growing up of precipitate, adopt 600～680 ℃ high temperature to curl, to obtain the suitable carbon of more tiny ferrite matrix grain structure and size, nitrogen precipitate original structure.
Carry out pickling and cold-rolling by routine then.
Annealing operation is as shown in Figure 1.The recrystallization annealing temperature is the of paramount importance technological factor of control high-strength steel performance, under the prerequisite that guarantees material perfect recrystallization annealing and not alligatoring of austenite structure, takes low annealing temperature as far as possible; But consider the platability of zinc layer, so annealing temperature is too not low.Among the high-yield-ratio hot-dip galvanizing sheet steel preparation method of the present invention, critical recrystallization annealing temperature is 720～820 ℃.
The manufacturing technology of a kind of tensile strength 350～430Mpa hot dip galvanizing automobile structural part that the present invention relates to; Have good weldableness, high-yield-ratio and fine surface quality; Substrate is a cold-reduced sheet; The coating branch has hot pure zinc plating and zinc-iron alloy heat-transmission zinc-plated, and microtexture is illustrated in figure 2 as uniform ferrite matrix and adds the cementite of separating out along the crystal boundary disperse.
The present invention is through a certain amount of carbon content of control; Low manganese content (below 0.3); Do not add Si, do not add Mo and Cr, add a spot of microalloy element Nb; The effect of solution strengthening through carbon manganese and the precipitation strength of NbC obtains the precipitation strength steel of tensile strength 350～430Mpa, thereby lower Si, Mn content makes hot-dip galvanizing sheet steel have good platability to guarantee that material has high surface quality simultaneously.The microtexture of steel grade of the present invention is as shown in Figure 2, for uniform ferrite matrix adds the cementite of separating out along the crystal boundary disperse.
The composition system of steel of the present invention is hanged down silicon, low manganese, and does not contain alloying elements such as chromium, molybdenum, so cost is low.
The transverse mechanical performance of steel of the present invention satisfies ys 260～330Mpa, tensile strength 350～430Mpa, unit elongation EL
80>=26%.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is pot galvanize annealing simulation process synoptic diagram.
Fig. 2 is the metallographic structure of steel grade of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the typical stress strain curve of steel grade of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the relation curve of steel grade ys of the present invention and smooth unit elongation.
Embodiment
Below with embodiment the present invention is made more detailed description.These embodiment only are the descriptions to best mode for carrying out the invention, scope of the present invention are not had any restriction.
Embodiment 1-8: by following material mixture ratio, in top-blown oxygen converter, smelt, cast slab through continuous casting then, carry out hot rolling, pickling, cold rolling, annealing, pot galvanize again.The composition of each embodiment steel, technology and performance actual achievement are seen table 2.
Composition, technology, the performance of each embodiment steel of table 2
| C | Si | Mn | P | S | T.Al | Nb | Finishing temperature | Curling temperature | Annealing temperature | σs MPa | σb MPa | δ 50 ％ | Yield tensile ratio | |
| Embodiment 1 | 0.054 | 0.019 | 0.19 | 0.017 | 0.005 | 0.043 | 0.005 | 870 | 680 | 740 | 279 | 372 | 39 | 0.75 |
| Embodiment 2 | 0.070 | 0.009 | 0.41 | 0.006 | 0.006 | 0.045 | 0.004 | 890 | 600 | 780 | 305 | 388 | 38 | 0.78 |
| Embodiment 3 | 0.083 | 0.012 | 0.54 | 0.006 | 0.003 | 0.055 | 0.010 | 870 | 650 | 820 | 345 | 440 | 35 | 0.78 |
| |
0.097 | 0.015 | 0.74 | 0.010 | 0.005 | 0.075 | 0.018 | 900 | 680 | 820 | 365 | 453 | 34 | 0.81 |
| Embodiment 5 | 0.023 | 0.017 | 0.12 | 0.008 | 0.005 | 0.015 | 0.002 | 870 | 600 | 720 | 255 | 350 | 40 | 0.73 |
| Embodiment 6 | 0.033 | 0.015 | 0.28 | 0.006 | 0.003 | 0.035 | 0.008 | 870 | 620 | 750 | 265 | 358 | 39 | 0.74 |
| Embodiment 7 | 0.045 | 0.013 | 0.38 | 0.008 | 0.004 | 0.065 | 0.015 | 870 | 650 | 800 | 289 | 380 | 38 | 0.76 |
| Embodiment 8 | 0.062 | 0.012 | 0.42 | 0.006 | 0.006 | 0.045 | 0.019 | 870 | 650 | 780 | 315 | 425 | 36 | 0.74 |
The chemical ingredients scope of pot galvanize steel of the present invention and comparative steel is relatively seen table 3.
The chemical ingredients scope of table 3 the present invention and comparative steel is (wt%) relatively
| C | Si | Mn | P | S | T.Al | Nb | Cr | Mo | |
| Steel of the present invention | 0.02～ 0.10％ | ≤0.1％ | 0.10～ 0.80％ | ≤0.05％ | ≤0.015 ％ | 0.02～ 0.10％ | 0.002～ 0.02％ | - | - |
| CN99801687.X | 0.01～ 0.2％ | ≤1.0％ | 1.0～ 3.0％ | ≤0.10％ | ≤0.05％ | ≤0.1％ | - | ≤1.0％ | 0.001～ 1.00％ |
| CN02800375.6 | 0.03～ 0.25％ | ≤0.7％ | 1.4～ 3.5％ | ≤0.05％ | ≤0.01％ | 0.005- 0.1％ | 0.05- 1％ | - |
Consider the surface quality control of pot galvanize material and reduce the fluctuation range of ys; So in trial production, the invention material has been carried out smooth test; The relation curve of steel grade ys of the present invention and smooth unit elongation is as shown in Figure 4; When the invention material is carried out 1.0 ± 0.2% smooth after, surrender fluctuation is less, the material surface quality is good.
Claims (3)
1. steel used for hot galvanizing structural component with high yield ratio has following chemical ingredients by weight percentage:
C：0.02～0.10％
Si：≤0.1％
Mn：0.10～0.80％
P：≤0.05％
S：≤0.015％
T.Al：0.01～0.10％
Nb：0.002～0.02％
All the other are Fe and unavoidable impurities,
The yield tensile ratio of said steel used for hot galvanizing structural component with high yield ratio >=0.7, adopting annealing temperature among its preparation technology is that 720-820 ℃ annealing operation is 1.0 ± 0.2% smooth operation with making smooth unit elongation.
2. steel used for hot galvanizing structural component with high yield ratio as claimed in claim 1, its tensile strength are 350MPa～430MPa.
3. the preparation method of the said steel used for hot galvanizing structural component with high yield ratio of claim 1; Comprise smelting, continuous casting, hot rolling, pickling, cold rolling, annealing, smooth and pot galvanize operation; It is characterized in that: Heating temperature in the hot-rolled process≤1250 ℃; Finishing temperature>=870 ℃, coiling temperature is 600 ℃～680 ℃; Annealing temperature is 720-820 ℃ in the annealing operation; Smooth unit elongation is 1.0 ± 0.2% in the smooth operation.
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