CN101811435A - Composite transmission mechanism of hydraulic machinery of land scraper - Google Patents
Composite transmission mechanism of hydraulic machinery of land scraper Download PDFInfo
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- CN101811435A CN101811435A CN 201010146301 CN201010146301A CN101811435A CN 101811435 A CN101811435 A CN 101811435A CN 201010146301 CN201010146301 CN 201010146301 CN 201010146301 A CN201010146301 A CN 201010146301A CN 101811435 A CN101811435 A CN 101811435A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a composite transmission mechanism of hydraulic machinery of a land scraper, which comprises an engine (1) and a transfer case (9) connected with the output shaft of the engine (1), and is characterized in that the output end of the transfer case (9) is respectively connected with a hydraulic transmission device and a mechanical transmission device; the two transmission devices are respectively connected with a planet gear case (5); the planet gear case (5) is connected with a transmission shaft and a universal joint assembly (6); the end parts of the transmission shaft and the universal joint assembly (6) are connected with a drive axle (11) with a differential lock function; and a speed reducing balance case (7) and a drive wheel (8) are respectively and symmetrically connected with the two sides of the drive axle (11). The invention enables the land scraper to have wide operating speed range and large load change bearing range, can comprehensively improve the efficiency of the transmission system of the land scraper, realizes stepless speed change and load adaptation, and meets the speed range requirement of the land scraper.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the making in road or other similar structures paving, machine, instrument or the accessory equipment technical field of reparation usefulness, be specifically related to composite transmission mechanism of hydraulic machinery of land scraper.
Background technology
Road grader is a kind of based on perching knife, be equipped with other multiple interchangeable apparatus for work, carry out the construction machinery and equipment of prepartion of land and plastic operation, being mainly used in the smooth operation of large tracts of land such as road, airport, irrigation and water conservancy and scraping slope, ditching, bulldoze, loosen the soil, remove the construction operation of aspect such as ice and snow on road surfaces, is one of visual plant in defence engineering, traffic, mine, the water conservancy capital construction construction.
As paper " road grader current situation and up-to-date technology both at home and abroad " (Jiao Shengjie, road machinery and mechanization of building operation, 2008 03 phases) described, the traveling gear type of drive of road grader mainly contains three kinds both at home and abroad at present: mechanical drive, hydraulic transmission, hydrostatic transmissions, according to the statistics to 71 kinds of model road graders of the present production and sales of domestic and international 14 road grader producers: 55% type adopts mechanical drive mode, 24% adopts the hydraulic transmission mode, and 21% adopts the hydrostatic transmissions mode.Each type of drive power transmission line is as follows:
1) mechanical drive, power transmission line is: driving engine → power-transfer clutch → mechanical gear box → transmission shaft → drive axle → deceleration tandem-driving bogie → drive wheel;
2) hydromechanical drive, power transmission line is: driving engine → turbine transformer → mechanical gear box → transmission shaft → drive axle → deceleration tandem-driving bogie → drive wheel;
3) hydrostatic transmissions, power transmission line is: driving engine → Hydraulic Pump → HM Hydraulic Motor → deceleration tandem-driving bogie → drive wheel.
All there is certain deficiency in above-mentioned three kinds of type of drive in the practical application of road grader: the machinery driving efficiency height, but can not realize stepless change, the load adaptive ability is relatively poor; Hydromechanical drive has certain load adaptive ability, but efficiently distinguishes narrowly, can not realize stepless change; Hydrostatic transmissions can realize stepless change, and stronger load adaptive ability is also arranged, but speed adjustable range can not satisfy road grader operating speed area requirement, and driving efficiency is lower, the synchronization job poor-performing.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is effectively to solve the deficiency in above-mentioned three kinds of type of drive, a kind of composite transmission mechanism of hydraulic machinery of land scraper is provided, this road grader operating speed wide ranges, load variations carrying scope is big, can comprehensively improve the efficient of road grader driving system, realize stepless change and load self adaptation, satisfy the requirement of road grader speed range.
The objective of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions, a kind of composite transmission mechanism of hydraulic machinery of land scraper, comprise driving engine and the auxiliary gear box that links to each other with engine output shaft, it is characterized in that: the mouth of described auxiliary gear box is connected with power hydraulic system and machine driven system respectively, this two-way driving system links to each other with epicyclic gear box respectively again, be connected with transmission shaft and universal joint assembly on the epicyclic gear box, the drive axle of transmission shaft and universal joint assembly end connecting band differential locking-device function, drive axle both sides symmetry respectively connect deceleration tandem-driving bogie and drive wheel.
Described power hydraulic system is made of closed fhdraulic system, and this closed fhdraulic system is communicated with volume adjustable hydraulic pump, variable hydraulic motor, hydraulic reservoir and slippage pump by hydraulic oil pipe and constitutes the loop.
Described power hydraulic system is made of open type hydraulic system, and this open type hydraulic system is communicated with volume adjustable hydraulic pump, variable hydraulic motor, by pass valve, check valve, inserted valve and change-over valve by hydraulic oil pipe and constitutes the loop.
Described machine driven system is multi-speed gear box and clutch assembly.
Described drive wheel is separately positioned on the deceleration tandem-driving bogie outside that links to each other with the drive axle output shaft, and is symmetrical distribution.
Power delivery mode of the present invention is: power transmits out the back from driving engine and is divided into two-way by auxiliary gear box, one route machine driven system (mechanical gear box and clutch assembly) is transmitted, another route power hydraulic system (comprise the closed fhdraulic system that constitutes by Hydraulic Pump, HM Hydraulic Motor, hydraulic reservoir and slippage pump, or the transmission device that constitutes of the open type hydraulic system that constitutes by Hydraulic Pump, HM Hydraulic Motor, by pass valve, check valve, inserted valve and change-over valve) transmit; The power of two-way transmission is merged into one road transmission of power and gives drive axle at the epicyclic gear box place, give the road grader drive wheel through the deceleration tandem-driving bogie with transmission of power again, thereby realizes the purpose of the compound transmission of hydraulic machinery.
Gear by many grades of mechanical gear boxes of conversion and clutch assembly can make epicyclic gear box obtain different output speed and moment of torsion, and has higher driving efficiency; Obtain different discharge capacity combinations by modulated pressure pump, HM Hydraulic Motor and can realize the stepless within the specific limits variation of output speed of epicyclic gear box, and make whole transmission device have certain loaded self-adaptive ability.
The present invention combines hydrostatic transmissions and mechanically operated advantage, characteristics such as have that the load adaptive ability is strong, stepless change, driving efficiency height, vehicle speed range are wide can overcome effectively that mechanical drive can not realize stepless change and the load adaptive ability is relatively poor, hydromechanical drive is efficiently distinguished deficiencies narrow, three kinds of existing type of drive such as the hydrostatic transmissions speed adjustable range is little, driving efficiency is lower, synchronization job poor-performing.
The present invention can improve efficient (being higher than hydrostatic transmissions and hydromechanical drive mode), the load adaptive ability (being better than mechanical drive and hydromechanical drive mode) of road grader walking transmission mechanism, and realize stepless change (being better than mechanical drive and hydromechanical drive mode), satisfy required vehicle speed range of road grader and synchronization job requirement (being better than the hydrostatic transmissions mode).
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is an embodiment of the invention structural representation.
Fig. 2 is a power transmission line block diagram of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiment.
As shown in Figure 1, the composite transmission mechanism of hydraulic machinery of land scraper of present embodiment mainly is made up of drive axle 11, deceleration tandem-driving bogie 7, the drive wheel 8 of driving engine 1, volume adjustable hydraulic pump 2, hydraulic oil pipe 3, variable hydraulic motor 4, auxiliary gear box 9, multi-speed gear box and clutch assembly 10, epicyclic gear box 5, transmission shaft and universal joint assembly 6, band differential locking-device function.
This composite transmission mechanism of hydraulic machinery comprises driving engine 1 and the auxiliary gear box 9 that links to each other with driving engine 1 output shaft, wherein: the mouth of described auxiliary gear box 9 is connected with power hydraulic system and machine driven system respectively, this two-way driving system links to each other with epicyclic gear box 5 respectively again, be connected with transmission shaft and universal joint assembly 6 on the epicyclic gear box 5, the drive axle 11 of transmission shaft and universal joint assembly 6 end connecting band differential locking-device functions, these drive axle 11 both sides symmetry respectively connect deceleration tandem-driving bogie 7 and drive wheel 8.Described drive wheel 8 is separately positioned on deceleration tandem-driving bogie 7 outsides that link to each other with drive axle 11 output shafts, and is symmetrical distribution.
The power hydraulic system of present embodiment is made of closed fhdraulic system, and this closed fhdraulic system is communicated with volume adjustable hydraulic pump 2, variable hydraulic motor 4, hydraulic reservoir and slippage pump by hydraulic oil pipe 3 and constitutes the loop.
Mechanical drive is multi-speed gear box and clutch assembly 10.
As shown in Figure 2, the transfer route of road grader walking transmission mechanism power is among the present invention:
The driving engine 1 of this hydraulic machinery of land scraper composite transmission directly links to each other with auxiliary gear box 9 by coupler, transmit the power that comes out from driving engine 1 and by auxiliary gear box 9 engine power is divided into the two-way transmission: the one tunnel passes to volume adjustable hydraulic pump 2, pass to variable hydraulic motor 4, hydraulic reservoir and slippage pump (not drawing among the figure) through hydraulic oil pipe 3 again, pass to epicyclic gear box 5 by variable hydraulic motor 4 at last; Another road passes to epicyclic gear box 5 through multi-speed gear box and clutch assembly 10.The power that two lines are transmitted synthesizes output by epicyclic gear box 5, and successively transmission of power is given the drive axle 11 of band differential locking-device function through transmission shaft and universal joint assembly 6, is passed to drive wheel 8 through deceleration tandem-driving bogie 7 again, finally drives the road grader walking.
The present invention gives another kind of embodiment, this power hydraulic system is made of open type hydraulic system, and this system constitutes hydraulic circuit by volume adjustable hydraulic pump 2, variable hydraulic motor 4, by pass valve, check valve, inserted valve and the change-over valve (not drawing among the figure) that hydraulic oil pipe 3 is communicated with.Its power delivery mode is with embodiment 1.
Open type hydraulic system and closed fhdraulic system hydraulic circuit all can be realized same function.The difference on function of open type hydraulic system and closed fhdraulic system mainly is: the pressure oil of Hydraulic Pump has only a flow direction in the open type hydraulic system, and the pressure oil of closed fhdraulic system can have two flow directions (positive and negative two to), the variable hydraulic motor reverse function need install a cover pressure oil circuit reversing arrangement (this device mainly is made up of inserted valve and change-over valve) additional in the immediate boiling hydraulic efficiency pressure system, and the HM Hydraulic Motor reverse function does not need to install additional extra device in the closed fhdraulic system, and the direction that only needs to change the Hydraulic Pump pressure oil gets final product.
Principle of work of the present invention is: this type of drive is under traction working condition, and the power of hydraulic system transfers reduces gradually along with the increase of transmitting ratio, has given full play to the high advantage of machinery driving efficiency; When vehicle in starting during operating mode, the register ratio of multi-speed gear box is zero, all power have made full use of hydraulic efficiency pressure system load self adaptation and infinite variable speed advantage by hydraulic system transfers; When vehicle under null is sailed operating mode, when moving velocity increased, the power by hydraulic system transfers reduced automatically, more power has also improved the efficient of driving system by mechanical transfer.
The transmitting ratio of this transmission device is:
I wherein
1Be the ratio of the gear ring number of teeth in the planetary wheel with the sun wheel number of teeth, i
2Be multi-speed gear box register ratio, i
3Be the transmitting ratio of driving engine to gear pair between the Hydraulic Pump input shaft, i
4Be the transmitting ratio of motor output shaft to gear pair between the planetary mechanism, i
5Be the ratio of HM Hydraulic Motor output speed with the Hydraulic Pump input speed.At this wherein, i
2And i
5Can change i
2Be mechanical gear shift, change for level is arranged; i
5Be the hydraulic efficiency pressure system speed change, be step-less adjustment (gear shift), but free control, i
5The step-less adjustment scope is generally-1～1, also can be wider.
The present invention can overcome effectively that machine driving can not realize infinitely variable speeds and the load adaptive ability is relatively poor, the efficient district of hydraulic machine transmission is narrow, the deficiencies of three kinds of existing kinds of drive such as the hydrostatic transmissions speed adjustable range is little, transmission efficiency is lower, synchronization job poor-performing, integrate hydrostatic transmissions and mechanically operated advantage, it has following characteristics:
1. the load adaptive ability is strong: by regulate volume adjustable hydraulic pump 2 in the Hydraulic Power Transmission System or (with) discharge capacity of variable hydraulic motor 4, make land leveller when load increases, automatically reduce the speed of a motor vehicle, when load reduces, automatically improve the speed of a motor vehicle, automatically adapt to the variation of load;
2. infinitely variable speeds: regulating owing to the discharge capacity of volume adjustable hydraulic pump 2 in the Hydraulic Power Transmission System and variable hydraulic motor 4 is continually varying, so the variation of the land leveller speed of a motor vehicle also is continually varying, thereby has realized infinitely variable speeds;
3. transmission efficiency height: because most of power stream has been carried in the multi-speed gear box in the machine driven system and clutch assembly 10, and multi-speed gear box and clutch assembly 10 are machine driving, efficient is higher than all-hydraulic transmission and hydraulic power, so whole transmission system efficiency is corresponding raising also, greater than all-hydraulic transmission and hydraulic power formula land leveller;
4. vehicle speed range is wide: because multi-speed gear box and clutch assembly 10 speed change gears are more in the machine driven system, can realize the speed of a motor vehicle of relative broad range, the variable speed capability of hydraulic system has also further improved vehicle speed range in addition.
Claims (5)
1. composite transmission mechanism of hydraulic machinery of land scraper, comprise driving engine (1) and the auxiliary gear box (9) that links to each other with driving engine (1) output shaft, it is characterized in that: the mouth of described auxiliary gear box (9) is connected with power hydraulic system and machine driven system respectively, this two-way driving system links to each other with epicyclic gear box (5) respectively again, be connected with transmission shaft and universal joint assembly (6) on the epicyclic gear box (5), the drive axle (11) of transmission shaft and universal joint assembly (6) end connecting band differential locking-device function, drive axle (11) both sides symmetry respectively connect deceleration tandem-driving bogie (7) and drive wheel (8).
2. a kind of composite transmission mechanism of hydraulic machinery of land scraper according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described power hydraulic system is made of closed fhdraulic system, and this closed fhdraulic system is communicated with volume adjustable hydraulic pump (2), variable hydraulic motor (4), hydraulic reservoir and slippage pump by hydraulic oil pipe (3) and constitutes the loop.
3. a kind of composite transmission mechanism of hydraulic machinery of land scraper according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described power hydraulic system is made of open type hydraulic system, and this open type hydraulic system is communicated with volume adjustable hydraulic pump (2), variable hydraulic motor (4), by pass valve, check valve, inserted valve and change-over valve by hydraulic oil pipe (3) and constitutes the loop.
4. a kind of composite transmission mechanism of hydraulic machinery of land scraper according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described machine driven system is multi-speed gear box and clutch assembly (10).
5. a kind of composite transmission mechanism of hydraulic machinery of land scraper according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described drive wheel (8) is separately positioned on deceleration tandem-driving bogie (7) outside that links to each other with drive axle (11) output shaft, and is symmetrical distribution.
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| CN 201010146301 CN101811435A (en) | 2010-04-14 | 2010-04-14 | Composite transmission mechanism of hydraulic machinery of land scraper |
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| CN 201010146301 CN101811435A (en) | 2010-04-14 | 2010-04-14 | Composite transmission mechanism of hydraulic machinery of land scraper |
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Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102785570A (en) * | 2012-08-10 | 2012-11-21 | 同济大学 | Walking-machine-oriented multi-gear or numerous-gear hydraulic-mechanical composite variable-speed transmission system |
| CN102874104A (en) * | 2012-10-20 | 2013-01-16 | 湖南农夫机电有限公司 | Travelling transmission mechanism for track vehicle |
| CN103162958A (en) * | 2013-02-06 | 2013-06-19 | 河南科技大学 | Vehicle hydraulic machinery stepless transmission test bench and test system |
| CN103603310A (en) * | 2013-11-14 | 2014-02-26 | 阜新永生解放专用汽车制造有限公司 | Comprehensive snow throwing hydraumatic running system |
| CN103774706A (en) * | 2013-12-31 | 2014-05-07 | 湖南三一路面机械有限公司 | Speed regulation device and land leveler |
| CN104499521A (en) * | 2014-12-15 | 2015-04-08 | 湖南三一路面机械有限公司 | Land leveler and power transmission system thereof |
| CN105402349A (en) * | 2015-12-03 | 2016-03-16 | 洛阳理工学院 | Power output system and output method for agricultural machinery |
| CN105484305A (en) * | 2015-12-11 | 2016-04-13 | 广西柳工机械股份有限公司 | Rear axle balancing tank of land leveller |
| CN106740084A (en) * | 2016-12-27 | 2017-05-31 | 苏州大方特种车股份有限公司 | Emergency driving mechanism and the vehicle with the mechanism |
| CN109914309A (en) * | 2019-04-12 | 2019-06-21 | 扬州盛达特种车有限公司 | A kind of sweeping machine Adaptive Attitude holding meanss |
| CN110539631A (en) * | 2019-09-23 | 2019-12-06 | 中国人民解放军32181部队 | Multi-mode composite traveling system suitable for low-speed operation of engineering machinery and high-speed traveling of automobile |
| CN111806216A (en) * | 2020-07-18 | 2020-10-23 | 太原理工大学 | Loader walking hydrostatic and mechanical hybrid driving system |
| CN113757332A (en) * | 2021-09-02 | 2021-12-07 | 浙江大学 | Mechanical hydraulic composite transmission system and control method |
| CN114892745A (en) * | 2022-06-28 | 2022-08-12 | 山东路通重工机械有限公司 | Four-wheel drive duplex drive axle with balancing device for high-power land leveller |
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Cited By (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102785570A (en) * | 2012-08-10 | 2012-11-21 | 同济大学 | Walking-machine-oriented multi-gear or numerous-gear hydraulic-mechanical composite variable-speed transmission system |
| CN102874104A (en) * | 2012-10-20 | 2013-01-16 | 湖南农夫机电有限公司 | Travelling transmission mechanism for track vehicle |
| CN103162958A (en) * | 2013-02-06 | 2013-06-19 | 河南科技大学 | Vehicle hydraulic machinery stepless transmission test bench and test system |
| CN103603310A (en) * | 2013-11-14 | 2014-02-26 | 阜新永生解放专用汽车制造有限公司 | Comprehensive snow throwing hydraumatic running system |
| CN103774706A (en) * | 2013-12-31 | 2014-05-07 | 湖南三一路面机械有限公司 | Speed regulation device and land leveler |
| WO2015101093A1 (en) * | 2013-12-31 | 2015-07-09 | 湖南三一路面机械有限公司 | Speed regulating method and device, speed regulating system and construction machinery |
| CN104499521A (en) * | 2014-12-15 | 2015-04-08 | 湖南三一路面机械有限公司 | Land leveler and power transmission system thereof |
| CN105402349B (en) * | 2015-12-03 | 2018-07-17 | 洛阳理工学院 | A kind of power output system and output method for agricultural machinery |
| CN105402349A (en) * | 2015-12-03 | 2016-03-16 | 洛阳理工学院 | Power output system and output method for agricultural machinery |
| CN105484305A (en) * | 2015-12-11 | 2016-04-13 | 广西柳工机械股份有限公司 | Rear axle balancing tank of land leveller |
| CN106740084A (en) * | 2016-12-27 | 2017-05-31 | 苏州大方特种车股份有限公司 | Emergency driving mechanism and the vehicle with the mechanism |
| CN109914309A (en) * | 2019-04-12 | 2019-06-21 | 扬州盛达特种车有限公司 | A kind of sweeping machine Adaptive Attitude holding meanss |
| CN110539631A (en) * | 2019-09-23 | 2019-12-06 | 中国人民解放军32181部队 | Multi-mode composite traveling system suitable for low-speed operation of engineering machinery and high-speed traveling of automobile |
| CN111806216A (en) * | 2020-07-18 | 2020-10-23 | 太原理工大学 | Loader walking hydrostatic and mechanical hybrid driving system |
| CN113757332A (en) * | 2021-09-02 | 2021-12-07 | 浙江大学 | Mechanical hydraulic composite transmission system and control method |
| CN113757332B (en) * | 2021-09-02 | 2024-02-20 | 浙江大学 | Mechanical and hydraulic compound transmission system and control method |
| CN114892745A (en) * | 2022-06-28 | 2022-08-12 | 山东路通重工机械有限公司 | Four-wheel drive duplex drive axle with balancing device for high-power land leveller |
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Application publication date: 20100825 |