CN101807690B - Preparation method of lithium ion battery ferric metasilicate lithium positive electrode material - Google Patents

Preparation method of lithium ion battery ferric metasilicate lithium positive electrode material Download PDF

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CN101807690B
CN101807690B CN2010101483542A CN201010148354A CN101807690B CN 101807690 B CN101807690 B CN 101807690B CN 2010101483542 A CN2010101483542 A CN 2010101483542A CN 201010148354 A CN201010148354 A CN 201010148354A CN 101807690 B CN101807690 B CN 101807690B
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lithium
positive electrode
electrode material
preparation
ferric metasilicate
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CN101807690A (en
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朱广燕
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Chery Automobile Co Ltd
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SAIC Chery Automobile Co Ltd
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    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

Abstract

The invention provides a preparation method of a lithium ion battery ferric metasilicate lithium positive electrode material, which comprises the following steps: A. mixing basic raw materials of lithium source compounds, iron source compounds and silicon dioxide according to a mol ratio of Fi : Fe : Si = 2 : 1 : 1, adding heat conducting agents which account for 2 to 40 percent of the total mass of the basic raw materials, and carrying out grinding; and B. pressing ground materials into blocks after drying, placing the blocks into a crucible provided with active carbon, and then, placing the crucible into microwaves for radiation heating for 2 to 30 minutes to obtain the ferric metasilicate lithium positive electrode material. The positive electrode material prepared by the preparation method of the lithium ion battery ferric metasilicate lithium positive electrode material has the excellent microstructure, the grains are fine and are uniformly distributed, and the electrochemical performance is excellent. The invention has the advantages of simple preparation technology, short flow process, easy operation and low equipment investment, and can be widely used for the production of various lithium ion batteries.

Description

A kind of preparation method of lithium ion battery ferric metasilicate lithium positive electrode material
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of lithium-ion battery, specially refer to a kind of preparation method of anode material for lithium-ion batteries.
Background technology
Since Li/LiCoO 2Since the battery industryization; Lithium ion battery with its high-energy-density, high discharge voltage, specific capacity is big, self-discharge rate is low, memory-less effect and advantage such as pollution-free receive the extensive concern of countries in the world, especially iron is that positive electrode has aboundresources, low price, nontoxic, environmental friendliness, Heat stability is good, completeness advantages of higher.The iron of using at present is that positive electrode mainly contains LiFePO4 (LiFePO 4) and ferric metasilicate lithium (Li 2FeSiO 4).Since element silicon on earth content first in the element, the environment and the mankind all are safe from harm and Li 2FeSiO 4With respect to LiFePO 4Have cost of material cheaper, with advantages such as the compatibility of environment is better, so Li 2FeSiO 4Be expected to become the anode material for lithium-ion batteries of a new generation.
At present, the Li of bibliographical information 2FeSiO 4Typical preparation method have that high temperature solid-state is synthetic, sol-gel process and hydro thermal method etc.People such as A.Nyten are being raw material through high temperature solid-state method with lithium metasilicate, ferrous oxalate and tetraethoxysilane, mix the back at CO/CO 2The following 750 ℃ of reaction 24h high temperature of atmosphere have synthesized Li 2FeSiO 4/ C composite material.At 60 ℃, discharge and recharge at 2.0-3.7V with the 1/16C electric current, discharge capacity is 130mAh/g.People such as R.Dominko are dispersed in lithium hydroxide solution with silicon dioxide through ultrasonic assisting; Mix with solution of ferrous chloride then; More than 150 ℃ of isothermal reaction 72h, the powder that obtains is used the distilled water cyclic washing under Ar atmosphere, obtain Li after the drying in airtight autoclave 2FeSiO 4Powder, but the material electrochemical performance that obtains is relatively poor, discharges and recharges at 2.0-4.2V with 1/30C multiplying power electric current under the room temperature, and reversible capacity is about 91mAh/g.People such as R.Dominko are with mixture, the CH of ironic citrate, ferric nitrate 3COOLi and SiO 2Powder is a raw material, in ultrasonic water bath, prepares gel, through dry, grinds the back in obtaining Li behind the reaction 1h under 700 ℃ the inert atmosphere 2FeSiO 4, at 60 ℃, discharging and recharging at 2.0-3.8V with the 1/20C electric current, reversible capacity is about 110mAh/g, and shows cyclical stability preferably.
In the middle of the above-mentioned synthetic method; Traditional high temperature solid phase synthesis needs higher synthesis temperature; Obtain material grains and particle is big, be unfavorable for the raising of ferric metasilicate lithium chemical property, and hydro thermal method, sol-gel process are difficult to industrial applications; And it is low to obtain powder body material density, is unfavorable for improving the volume of battery energy density.Therefore, research and development have the Li of good electrical chemical property and higher density concurrently 2FeSiO 4The preparation method of/C positive electrode is for promoting Li 2FeSiO 4The research and development of positive electrode and industrialization process promote the development of lithium ion battery, electric motor car and related industry that significance is arranged.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to propose a kind of preparation method of lithium ion battery ferric metasilicate lithium positive electrode material, the ferric metasilicate lithium positive electrode material that this preparation method is easy to industrialization, prepare is mutually even, and the generation cycle is short, saves energy consumption.
The preparation method of lithium ion battery ferric metasilicate lithium positive electrode material of the present invention comprises the steps:
A: 2: 1: 1 the ratio of mol ratio according to Li: Fe: Si is mixed basic material Li source compound, Fe source compound and silicon dioxide, and adds the thermal conducting agent that quality accounts for above-mentioned basic material gross mass 2%-40%, grinds;
B: the material after the grinding is pressed into bulk after drying, puts into the crucible that active carbon is housed, and again crucible is placed the microwave radiation heating 2~30 minutes, can make ferric metasilicate lithium positive electrode material.
The ferric metasilicate lithium positive electrode material electric conductivity that generates for making is better; In the said steps A; Also add the carbon-source cpd that quality accounts for basic material gross mass 0.1%-20% and grind, the ferric metasilicate lithium positive electrode material for preparing is like this coated by carbon, has improved conductivity.
For guaranteeing grinding effect, grind as dispersant with absolute ethyl alcohol in the said steps A.
Li source compound described in the steps A is one or more in lithium hydroxide, lithium carbonate, lithium oxalate, lithium acetate, lithium chloride, the lithium nitrate.
Fe source compound described in the steps A is one or more in ferrous oxalate, frerrous chloride, ferrous phosphate, the ferrous acetate.
Thermal conducting agent described in the steps A is one or more in acetylene black, active carbon, the graphite.
Carbon-source cpd described in the steps A is one or more in polyethylene, sucrose, glucose, the starch.
The prepared positive electrode of the preparation method of lithium ion battery ferric metasilicate lithium positive electrode material of the present invention has good microstructure, and particle is tiny and be evenly distributed, and its chemical property is good; Preparation technology is simple, flow process is short, processing ease, equipment investment are less, can be widely used in the production of all kinds of lithium ion batteries.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the X ray diffracting spectrum of the ferric metasilicate lithium positive electrode material that coats of the carbon for preparing of embodiment, and wherein curve A is the collection of illustrative plates of embodiment 1, and curve B is the collection of illustrative plates of embodiment 2
Fig. 2 is the electron microscope scanning collection of illustrative plates of the ferric metasilicate lithium positive electrode material that coats of the carbon of embodiment 1 preparation;
Fig. 3 is the electron microscope scanning collection of illustrative plates of the ferric metasilicate lithium positive electrode material that coats of the carbon of embodiment 2 preparation;
Fig. 4 is that ferric metasilicate lithium positive electrode material that the carbon for preparing of embodiment coats is processed behind the button cell at the cycle performance collection of illustrative plates of constant current 0.1C, and wherein curve C is the collection of illustrative plates of embodiment 1, and curve D is the collection of illustrative plates of embodiment 2.
Embodiment
Specify the present invention below in conjunction with specific embodiment and accompanying drawing.
Embodiment 1:
Preparation method's step of the lithium ion battery ferric metasilicate lithium positive electrode material of present embodiment is following: with basic material Li 2CO 3, FeC 2O 42H 2O, SiO 2Mixed in 1: 1: 1 in molar ratio; Adding quality again is the carbon-source cpd sucrose of basic material quality 10% and the thermal conducting agent acetylene black that quality is basic material quality 0.5%, makes the abundant ground and mixed of dispersant with ethanol, and dry back depresses to the bulk that thickness is 1.5cm at 10MPa pressure; Place the crucible that active carbon is housed then; Again crucible is placed microwave oven, the low knot 5min that burns obtains the ferric metasilicate lithium positive electrode material that carbon coats.
Shown in the curve A among Fig. 1, the ferric metasilicate lithium positive electrode material that the carbon that present embodiment obtains coats is single ferric metasilicate lithium thing phase, and the crystal property of product is good.
As shown in Figure 2, the material particle size of the ferric metasilicate lithium positive electrode material that the carbon that present embodiment obtains coats is tiny, is about 100nm, and is evenly distributed.
Be test performance; The ferric metasilicate lithium positive electrode material that the above-mentioned carbon that obtains coats is processed battery; Its concrete steps are following: the material of gained is mixed according to mass ratio with conductive agent acetylene black, binding agent PVDF (Kynoar) respectively at 80: 10: 10, with NMP (1-Methyl-2-Pyrrolidone) this mixture is modulated into slurry, evenly be coated on the aluminium foil; 80 ℃ of vacuumize 24 hours makes Experimental cell and uses positive plate.With the lithium sheet is negative pole, and electrolyte is 1mol/LLiPF 6EC (ethyl carbonate ester)+DMC (dimethyl carbonate) (volume ratio 1: 1) solution, barrier film is the celgard2400 film, in being full of the glove box of argon gas atmosphere, is assembled into CR2025 type button cell.
Carry out the cycle performance test after being assembled into battery; Shown in the curve C among Fig. 4, reached 122mAh/g in the first discharge specific capacity of 0.1C, circulating, specific capacity is 120mAh/g after 20 times; Capability retention explains that near 98% this material has excellent cycle performance.
Embodiment 2:
Preparation method's step of the lithium ion battery ferric metasilicate lithium positive electrode material of present embodiment is following: with basic material LiOH, FeC 2O 42H 2O, SiO 2Mixed in 2: 1: 1 in molar ratio; Adding quality again is the coating glucose of basic material quality 10% and the thermal conducting agent active carbon that quality is basic material quality 0.5%, makes the abundant ground and mixed of dispersant with ethanol, and dry back depresses to the bulk that thickness is 1.3cm at 10MPa pressure; Place the crucible that active carbon is housed; Again crucible is placed microwave oven, the low knot 7min that burns obtains the ferric metasilicate lithium positive electrode material that carbon coats.
Shown in the curve B among Fig. 1, the ferric metasilicate lithium positive electrode material that the carbon that present embodiment obtains coats is single ferric metasilicate lithium thing phase, and the crystal property of product is good.
As shown in Figure 3, the material particle size of the ferric metasilicate lithium positive electrode material that the carbon that present embodiment obtains coats is tiny, is about 70nm, and is evenly distributed.
Method according to embodiment 1 is processed the ferric metasilicate lithium positive electrode material of the above-mentioned carbon coating that obtains battery and is carried out the cycle performance test, and shown in curve D among Fig. 4, the material first discharge specific capacity has reached 125mAh/g, and cycle performance is also fine.

Claims (5)

1. the preparation method of a lithium ion battery ferric metasilicate lithium positive electrode material is characterized in that comprising the steps:
A: 2: 1: 1 the ratio of mol ratio according to Li: Fe: Si is mixed basic material Li source compound, Fe source compound and silicon dioxide; And the adding quality accounts for the thermal conducting agent of above-mentioned basic material gross mass 2%-40%; The carbon-source cpd that quality accounts for basic material gross mass 0.1%-20% grinds, and described carbon-source cpd is one or more in polyethylene, sucrose, glucose, the starch;
B: the material after the grinding is pressed into bulk after drying, puts into the crucible that active carbon is housed, and again crucible is placed the microwave radiation heating 2~30 minutes, can make ferric metasilicate lithium positive electrode material.
2. the preparation method of lithium ion battery ferric metasilicate lithium positive electrode material according to claim 1 is characterized in that grinding as dispersant with absolute ethyl alcohol in the said steps A.
3. the preparation method of lithium ion battery ferric metasilicate lithium positive electrode material according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that the Li source compound described in the steps A is one or more in lithium hydroxide, lithium carbonate, lithium oxalate, lithium acetate, lithium chloride, the lithium nitrate.
4. the preparation method of lithium ion battery ferric metasilicate lithium positive electrode material according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that the Fe source compound described in the steps A is one or more in ferrous oxalate, frerrous chloride, ferrous phosphate, the ferrous acetate.
5. the preparation method of lithium ion battery ferric metasilicate lithium positive electrode material according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that the thermal conducting agent described in the steps A is one or more in acetylene black, active carbon, the graphite.
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KR20120039472A (en) 2010-10-15 2012-04-25 가부시키가이샤 한도오따이 에네루기 켄큐쇼 Method for manufacturing positive electrode active material for power storage device
CN102709561A (en) * 2012-06-19 2012-10-03 中国科学院福建物质结构研究所 Preparation method of carbon nano-Li2FeSiO4 composite cathode material
CN103342369A (en) * 2013-06-08 2013-10-09 合肥国轩高科动力能源股份公司 Method for synthesizing silicate cathode material by taking rice husk as raw material
CN104425819B (en) * 2013-09-09 2016-06-29 国家纳米科学中心 A kind of preparation method of the ferric metasilicate lithium as anode material for lithium-ion batteries
CN110993923B (en) * 2019-12-26 2021-11-23 湖北亿纬动力有限公司 Carbon-coated auxiliary sodium-titanium double-doped lithium iron silicate positive electrode material and preparation method and application thereof
CN111547731A (en) * 2020-05-20 2020-08-18 西安工业大学 Three-dimensional carbon nano tube composite lithium iron silicate microsphere and preparation method thereof
CN112090382A (en) * 2020-08-28 2020-12-18 江苏富矿智能科技有限公司 Novel size mixing device for lithium ion battery production and size mixing method thereof
CN114464790B (en) * 2022-01-25 2023-06-02 四川金汇能新材料股份有限公司 Pre-lithiated silica composite material, preparation method and application

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