CN101806530A

CN101806530A - Vertical centrifugal hydroextractor

Info

Publication number: CN101806530A
Application number: CN200910009053A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张学骞
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2009-02-16
Filing date: 2009-02-16
Publication date: 2010-08-18
Anticipated expiration: 2029-02-16
Also published as: CN101806530B

Abstract

The invention discloses a vertical centrifugal hydroextractor, which is used for solid-liquid separation operation in the fields of coal dressing, ore dressing, chemical industry and the like. The vertical centrifugal hydroextractor mainly comprises a housing, a base, an inner rotor, an outer rotor, screen plates, a pin gear drive device, a differential and the like, wherein the outer rotor is equally divided into a plurality of fan-shaped chambers along a circumference; each fan-shaped chamber is provided with a corresponding screen plate which can rotate around an axis of the fan-shaped chamber; the inner rotor consists of a feeding trough, a batching cylinder and a batching trough; the inner rotor and the outer rotor are arranged on an input shaft and an output shaft of the differential respectively; the inner rotor, the outer rotor and the screen plates are in transmission connection through a pin gear drive mechanism; a motor drives the inner rotor and the outer rotor to rotate in a differential way through the differential; materials are delivered from the inner rotor to the outer rotor and subjected to dehydration and dying under the action of centrifugal force; the pin gear drive mechanism controls the screen plates to rotate; and filter cakes are removed by using centrifugal force. The centrifugal hydroextractor has the advantages of fundamentally solving the problem of severe wear, prolonging the service life of parts, such as the screen plates and the like, and saving energy consumption.

Description

Vertical centrifugal hydroextractor

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of vertical centrifugal hydroextractor, it is to utilize action of centrifugal force to carry out the equipment of Separation of Solid and Liquid, is mainly used in industries such as coal separation, ore dressing, chemical industry, as Separation of Solid and Liquid operations such as cleaned coal, black water, various ore pulp, aluminium oxide.

Background technology

In above-mentioned various industries, utilize the equipment of centrifugal method dehydration most widely used, reason is advantages such as this kind equipment has the production capacity height, and dehydrating effect is good, and energy consumption is low, and equipment investment is few, and floor space is little.

In the coal separation industry, first kind centrifugal dehydration equipment has scraper discharging and two kinds of centrifugal dehydrators of vibration discharging, and vertical and horizontal branch is arranged again simultaneously.Fig. 1 is a scraper discharging vertical centrifugal hydroextractor schematic diagram, and it mainly is made up of casing 1, batching dish 2, screen cloth 3, scraper 4, water leg 5, differential mechanism 6, interior shaft 7, bail shaft 8 and base 9 etc.Its operation principle is: motor by differential mechanism 6 interior shaft 7 and bail shaft 8 drives spiral scraper 4 respectively and screen cloth 3 is done the differential rotation.Material enters between spiral scraper 4 and the screen cloth 3 through batching dish 2, and rotation thereupon.Under centrifugal action, moisture sees through the bed of material, passes screen cloth and enters water leg 5 and then discharge.Dry material is moved down along compass screen surface by the spiral scraper promotion and scrapes screen cloth, realizes Separation of Solid and Liquid.Fig. 2 mainly is made up of casing 1, batching dish 2, screen cloth 3, water leg 5, base 9, feed pipe 10, belt pulley 11 and exciting device 12 for vibration discharging and centrifugal dehydration machine schematic diagram.Its operation principle is: main motor drives screen cloth 3 rotations through belt pulley 11, and vibrating motor drives exciting device 12 drive screen clothes 3 and does axial vibration.Material enters into screen cloth 3 roots by feed pipe 10 through batching dish 2, is moving axially along screen surface with in the screen cloth rotation, and moisture sees through the bed of material, passes screen cloth and enters water leg 5 and then discharges, and dry material moves to the big end of screen cloth and discharges, the realization Separation of Solid and Liquid.

The second class centrifugal dehydration equipment is sedimentation centrifuge and sedimentation filtering centrifuge, and Fig. 3 is a sedimentation filtering centrifuge schematic diagram.It mainly is made of casing 1, screen cloth 3, water leg 5, differential mechanism 6, base 9, feed pipe 10, belt pulley 11, spiral 13, outer drum 14 and dosing hole 15 etc.Its operation principle is: motor drives outer drum 14 rotations through belt pulley 11, the spiral 13 differentials rotation in the latter drives by differential mechanism 6 again on the rotary drum.In being input to by feed pipe 10, material in the rotary drum, enters in the outer drum again through dosing hole 15, and rotation thereupon.Under centrifugal action, solid particle deposits to outer drum 14 inwalls gradually in the slip, the material that has deposited is moved to the fillter section that screen cloth 3 is housed by the settling section 16 of outer drum 14 under the promotion of spiral 13, further dewater by screen cloth 3, this part filtrate sees through screen cloth and enters water leg 5 discharges, and dry material moves from outer drum 14 left ends along the screen cloth inner surface and discharges; The clarified solution of settling section 16 overflows to water leg 5 by outer drum 14 right-hand members and discharges, and finishes Separation of Solid and Liquid.

Above-mentioned first kind centrifugal dehydrator is mainly used in the above material dewatering of granularity 0.5mm, and wherein the problem of scraper discharging centrifugal dehydrator is: scraper and screen cloth serious wear, and the life-span is low, and energy consumption is higher.Vibration discharging and centrifugal dehydration machine is then poor to the different material adaptive capacity, often how much causes the discharging difficulty because of material properties and pan feeding, reduces the machine works reliability.The above-mentioned second class sedimentation filtering centrifuge, be mainly used in the following material dewatering of granularity 0.5mm, thinner and because of its material mainly by sedimentation principle dehydration, require centrifugal factor higher, therefore spiral 13 and outer drum 14 wearing and tearing are even more serious, and costs and poor dehydration results yields poorly, energy consumption is big, device fabrication cost height.

Summary of the invention

The present invention has designed a kind of vertical centrifugal hydroextractor that thoroughly overcomes the problems referred to above, as shown in Figure 4.Its technical scheme is: casing 1 and differential mechanism 6 are separately fixed on the base 9, the output shaft of differential mechanism 6 is interior shaft 7 and the bail shaft 8 that is sleeved on together, interior bail shaft upper end is equipped with internal rotor 21 and outer rotor 22 respectively, and inner and outer rotors is set up by the pin wheel rotating mechanism (also can adopt the partial gear transmission mechanism) that is made of pin wheel 18 and gear 19 again and is in transmission connection.Internal rotor 21 connects a plurality of dispensing cartridges 24 and dosage bunker 25 compositions below by the cylindrical shape epimere, and the quantity of dispensing cartridge 24 and dosage bunker 25 is identical with back described while discharging number of screen decks; Outer rotor 22 is made of last plectane, following plectane and a plurality of central dividing plate, by a plurality of central dividing plates outer rotor is divided into plurality of sector chamber 23 in a circumferential direction equably, and its number is according to instrument size and output decision.Outer nose circle at each fan-shaped chamber 23 is installed a sieve plate 20, the axis of rotation of all sieve plates is on same circumference, between the periphery of each sieve plate and the fan-shaped chamber 23 sealing is housed, the axle journal up and down of sieve plate is rotationally connected by bearing and outer rotor 22, and each sieve plate can be around himself axis rotation; Sieve-plate structure is seen Fig. 6, it by solidly go up axle journal 28, frame 29, gusset 30, screen cloth 31, hollow axle journal 32 down and dividing plate 33 are formed in length and breadth.In the equipment operation, have several sieve plates uniform on circumference 20 to be rotated discharging simultaneously, and carry out continuously successively, sieve plate 20 sums should be the integral multiple of the sieve plate of discharging simultaneously number; Realize that the mechanism that several sieve plate follow procedures rotate discharging successively simultaneously is pin tooth transmission mechanism (also can adopt the partial gear transmission mechanism), as Fig. 4, Fig. 5 and shown in Figure 7.This mechanism is made up of pin wheel 18, gear 19, locking plate 34, locking arc 35, pin 36 etc.Pin wheel 18 is fixed on internal rotor 21 epimeres, rotates with speed with internal rotor.Some groups of pins 36 are housed on the pitch circle of pin wheel 18 equably, and its group number and every group of pin number should satisfy the needs that make the sieve plate of discharging simultaneously Rotate 180 degree.A plurality of locking arcs 35 also are housed on the pin wheel 18 equably, and its number is identical with the sieve plate of discharging simultaneously number.Gear 19 is fixed on the axle journal upper end of sieve plate 20, and its number of teeth should be even number.Gear face is being fixed two locking plates 34 symmetrically, and locking plate 34 matches with locking arc 35 cambered surfaces.The dosage bunker 25 of internal rotor 21 is with respect to the locking arc 35 front ends phase angle [alpha] (see figure 7) that lags, and this angle should be greater than sieve plate 20 central angles half.

The operation principle of centrifugal dehydrator of the present invention is as follows: motor by differential mechanism 6 interior shaft 7 and bail shaft 8 drives internal rotor 21 respectively and outer rotor 22 carries out the differential rotation, material enters each dispensing cartridge 24 of internal rotor and dosage bunker 25 by feed well 17, and rotation thereupon.By the potential energy of material and centrifugal force it is dispensed in the corresponding fan-shaped chamber 23 of outer rotor because the rotation of inner and outer rotors differential, each dosage bunker 25 will be continuously from a chamber to another chamber feed.The material that enters fan-shaped chamber 23 is under centrifugal action, and moisture sees through the bed of material and screen cloth 31 enters in the sieve plate 20, and the axle journal endoporus flows into water leg 5 and discharges under sieve plate.The filter cake that is retained in screen surface continues constantly to dewater in the outer rotor rotation, drying, when certain group pin 36 on the pin wheel 18 forwards corresponding which piece sieve plate 20 to, corresponding pin ends arc 35 and also forwards this sieve plate lock position of releasing to, and pin 36 handsetting gears 19 drive sieve plates 20 Rotate 180 degree.Immediately, the locking arc enters lockup state and pins this sieve plate.Simultaneously, sieve plate 20 forwards the filter cake of outside one side to, carries out discharging under action of centrifugal force; Forward the inside one side screen cloth to and then prepare next circulation material feeding.So continuously there are several sieve plates to carry out material feeding-dehydration-drying-Rotate 180 degree-discharging supervisor simultaneously, finish dehydration work.

Fig. 5 is second kind of version of vertical centrifugal hydroextractor of the present invention.Its technical scheme is, internal rotor 21 epimeres are cylindrical shape, and hypomere is an around shaping drum, and the multilayer batching dish 27 that the external diameter same inner diameter does not wait is set in its annular space.Simultaneously, lengthening dosage bunker 18, make it and sieve plate 20 between keep a very little gap; Do not establish central dividing plate between plectane down on the outer rotor 22,, several support bars 26 are set on the circumference outside sieve plate, plectane about the outer rotor is connected into an integral body without separating into little fan-shaped chamber.The axle journal up and down of sieve plate 20 is rotationally connected by bearing and outer rotor 22, the axis of rotation of all sieve plates is on same circumference, between sieve plate and the sieve plate sealing is housed, all sieve plate 20 surrounds a complete sieve plate circle, and wherein each sieve plate again can be separately around himself axis rotation.When machine works, the dosage bunker 25 of internal rotor is directly to sieve plate 20 continuous cloths, the sieve plate circle inboard form one continuous material bed, simultaneously, satisfy the requirement that a plurality of sieve plates 20 rotate discharging simultaneously again.

Centrifugal dehydrator of the present invention reaches following effect:

1, have the advantage that realizes dehydration with centrifugal filtering method, production capacity height, dehydrating effect are good;

2, the potential energy and the kinetic energy that can utilize supplied materials to have is in order to fully energy-conservation;

3, sieve plate is made the middle separation structure of two sides screen cloth, realizes sieve plate one side material feeding, dehydration, and opposite side carries out discharging, and the both sides concurrent working is raised the efficiency;

4, the present invention has designed a kind of rotary screen plate structure, after utilizing centrifugal force dehydration and drying, by utilizing centrifugal force to carry out discharging sieve plate Rotate 180 degree.Because technical solution of the present invention no any part movement on the sieve plate surface, filter cake is static relatively along compass screen surface, and the centrifugal unloader that utilizes filter cake when dehydration, just to have fully, thereby wearing and tearing of existing scraper of existing equipment and pusher and energy consumption have been eliminated, improved the life-span of related components such as screen cloth, realized energy-conservation.

5, owing to the 4th, sieve plate of the present invention can adopt filter cloth to filter, and therefore can be used for thinner material dewatering, enlarges the machine scope of application;

6, equally in view of the 4th reason, when sieve plate rotation discharging, the compass screen surface that forwards the outside to is owing to action of centrifugal force, and filter screen forms the arc to outer process, makes the filter cake removal easier, more thorough, and is particularly important to the discharging of the higher material of viscosity.Simultaneously filter screen also had automatic cleaning effect;

7, the pin tooth transmission mechanism of the present invention design, guarantee machine in accordance with regulations program remove trivially end, rotation (comprising corner control) and locking phase answer sieve plate, moves accurately and reliably, and be simple and compact for structure;

8, centrifugal dehydrator of the present invention is easy to large scale development, to satisfy the needs of big production capacity.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the centrifuge with cutter discharge of solid schematic diagram of sector applications such as existing coal separation

1, casing 2, batching dish 3, screen cloth 4, scraper 5, water leg 6, differential mechanism 7, interior shaft 8, bail shaft 9, base;

Fig. 2 is the horizontal vibration de-watering centrifuge schematic diagram of sector applications such as existing coal separation

1, casing 2, batching dish 3, screen cloth 5, water leg 9, base 10, feed pipe 11, belt pulley 12, vibrator;

Fig. 3 is the sedimentation filtering centrifuge schematic diagram of sector applications such as existing coal separation

1, casing 3, screen cloth 5, water leg 6, differential mechanism 9, base 10, feed pipe 11, belt pulley 13, spiral 14, outer drum 15, dosing hole 16, external rotary member settling section;

Fig. 4 is first kind of version schematic diagram of vertical centrifugal hydroextractor of the present invention

1, casing 5, water leg 6, differential mechanism 7, interior shaft 8, bail shaft 9, base 17, feeder trough 18, pin wheel 19, gear 20, sieve plate 21, internal rotor 22, outer rotor 23, fan-shaped chamber 24, dispensing cartridge 25, dosage bunker;

Fig. 5 is second kind of version schematic diagram of vertical centrifugal hydroextractor of the present invention

1, casing 5, water leg 6, differential mechanism 7, interior shaft 8, bail shaft 9, base 17, feeder trough 18, pin wheel 19, gear 20, sieve plate 21, internal rotor 22, outer rotor 25, dosage bunker 26, support bar 27, multilayer batching dish;

Fig. 6 is a vertical centrifugal hydroextractor sieve plate schematic diagram of the present invention

(a) cross-sectional view of cross-sectional view (d) the cambered surface sieve plate of sieve plate front view (b) sieve plate vertical view (c) plane sieve plate

28, go up axle journal 29, frame 30, gusset 31, screen cloth 32, axle journal 33, central dividing plate down in length and breadth;

Fig. 7 is the pin tooth transmission mechanism schematic diagram of vertical centrifugal hydroextractor of the present invention

18, pin wheel 19, gear 34, locking plate 35, locking arc 36, pin;

The specific embodiment

The technical scheme of Fig. 4 to Fig. 7 according to the present invention, casing 1 and differential mechanism 6 are separately fixed on the base 9, the output shaft of differential mechanism 6 is interior shaft 7 and the bail shaft 8 that is sleeved on together, interior bail shaft upper end is equipped with internal rotor 21 and outer rotor 22 respectively, the axle journal up and down of sieve plate 20 is rotationally connected by bearing and outer rotor 22, and inner and outer rotors is set up by the pin wheel rotating mechanism (also can adopt the partial gear transmission mechanism) that is made of pin wheel 18 and gear 19 again and is in transmission connection.During machine works, motor-driven differential mechanism 6 drives inner and outer rotors by shaft in it 7 and bail shaft 8 and carries out the differential rotation, material by feeder trough 17 in internal rotor 21 is dispensed into the corresponding fan-shaped chamber 23 of outer rotor 22, sieve plate material feeding and by centrifugal force dehydration and dry back Rotate 180 degree utilizes centrifugal force to carry out discharging again; Moisture sees through the bed of material and screen cloth enters in the sieve plate 20, and the axle journal endoporus flows into water leg 5 and discharges under sieve plate.The setting program such as locking grade of the unlocking-rotate of pin tooth transmission mechanism control sieve plate-corner size-again.Present embodiment is divided into following two kinds of versions again in internal rotor, outer rotor and sieve plate part:

First kind of version as shown in Figure 4, internal rotor 21 is made up of cylindrical shape epimere, a plurality of dispensing cartridges 24 of following connection and dosage bunker 25, the quantity of dispensing cartridge 24 and dosage bunker 25 is identical with while discharging number of screen decks recited above; Outer rotor 22 is made of last plectane, following plectane and a plurality of central dividing plate, by a plurality of central dividing plates outer rotor is divided into plurality of sector chamber 23 in a circumferential direction equably, and its number is according to instrument size and output decision.Outer nose circle at each fan-shaped chamber 23 is installed a sieve plate 20, the axis of rotation of all sieve plates is on same circumference, between the periphery of each sieve plate and the fan-shaped chamber 23 sealing is housed, the axle journal up and down of sieve plate is rotationally connected by bearing and outer rotor 22, and each sieve plate can be around himself axis rotation;

Second kind of version as shown in Figure 5, internal rotor 21 epimeres are cylindrical shape, hypomere is an around shaping drum, and the multilayer batching dish 27 that the external diameter same inner diameter does not wait is set in its annular space.Simultaneously, lengthening dosage bunker 18, make it and sieve plate 20 between keep a very little gap; Do not establish central dividing plate between plectane down on the outer rotor 22,, several support bars 26 are set on the circumference outside sieve plate, plectane about the outer rotor is connected into an integral body without separating into little fan-shaped chamber.The axle journal up and down of sieve plate 20 is rotationally connected by bearing and outer rotor 22, the axis of rotation of all sieve plates is on same circumference, between sieve plate and the sieve plate sealing is housed, all sieve plate 20 surrounds a complete sieve plate circle, and wherein each sieve plate again can be separately around himself axis rotation.

Claims

1. vertical centrifugal hydroextractor, mainly the pin tooth transmission mechanism that constitutes by casing (1), base (9), differential mechanism (6), feeder trough (17), internal rotor (21), outer rotor (22), several sieve plates (20) and by pin wheel (18) and several gears (19) etc. is partly formed the wherein also available partial gear replacement of pin wheel (18) and gear (19); The invention is characterized in that casing (1) and differential mechanism (6) are separately fixed on the base (9), internal rotor (21) and outer rotor (22) are installed in respectively on the interior shaft (7) and bail shaft (8) of differential mechanism (6), and do the differential rotation by differential mechanism (6) drive; Each sieve plate (20) is installed on the outer rotor (22) by bearing, and can be around himself axis rotation; Pin wheel (18) is installed in internal rotor (21) epimere, gear (19) is installed in sieve plate (20) axle journal upper end, pin wheel and gear are meshing with each other, and make between internal rotor (21), outer rotor (22) and each sieve plate (20) by pin tooth transmission mechanism and set up drive connection; When motor-driven differential mechanism (6) and then drive internal rotor (21) and outer rotor (22) when carrying out the differential rotation, pin tooth transmission mechanism makes several sieve plates (20) program rotation according to the rules when revolving round the sun with outer rotor of the while discharging of regulation.

2. the vertical centrifugal hydroextractor of narrating according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, internal rotor (21) is made of cylindrical shape epimere, a plurality of dispensing cartridge (24) and corresponding dosage bunker (25), and the quantity of dispensing cartridge (24) and dosage bunker (25) is identical with the sieve plate number of discharging simultaneously.

3. the vertical centrifugal hydroextractor of narrating according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, outer rotor 22 is by last plectane, following plectane and a plurality of central dividing plate constitute, by a plurality of central dividing plates outer rotor is divided into plurality of sector chamber (23) in a circumferential direction equably, nose circle is equipped with a sieve plate (20) outside each fan-shaped chamber (23), all the axis of rotation of sieve plate (20) is on same circumference, between each sieve plate (20) periphery and the fan-shaped chamber (23) sealing is housed, axle journal is rotatably connected with outer rotor (22) by bearing under on the sieve plate (20), each sieve plate (20) all can be around himself axis rotation, and the quantity of fan-shaped chamber (23) is according to machine size and output decision.

4. according to claim 1 and 3 vertical centrifugal hydroextractors of being narrated, it is characterized in that, sieve plate (20) be by solidly go up axle journal (28), frame (29), gusset (30), screen cloth (31), hollow axle journal (32) down and central dividing plate (33) constitute in length and breadth, the compass screen surface of sieve plate (20) is made into plane or cambered surface on demand.

5. the vertical centrifugal hydroextractor of narrating according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, utilize the differential rotation of internal rotor (21) and outer rotor (22), drive and control sieve plate (20) in by the pin tooth transmission mechanism that constitutes by pin wheel (18) and gear (19) with outer rotor (22) revolution, also can be around himself axis rotation, this rotation requires to carry out with program according to certain rules; The mechanism that realizes this purpose is a pin tooth transmission mechanism, and it mainly is made up of pin wheel (18), gear (19), locking plate (34), locking arc (35) and pin (36); Pin wheel (18) is fixed on the epimere of internal rotor (21), rotates with speed with internal rotor; Gear (19) is installed in sieve plate (20) axle journal upper end, and its number of teeth should be even number, the gear face symmetry fixing two locking plates (34); On pin wheel (18) pitch circle some groups of pins (36) are housed equably, its group number and every group of pin number should satisfy the requirement of several sieve plates (20) the Rotate 180 degree that makes discharging simultaneously; Pin wheel (18) end face is being fixed a plurality of locking arcs (35) equably, and its number is identical with the sieve plate number of discharging simultaneously, and locking plate (34) matches with the two cambered surface of locking arc (35); The circumferential position of the dosage bunker (25) of internal rotor (21) is with respect to locking arc (35) the front end phase angle [alpha] that lags, and this angle should be greater than sieve plate central angle half.

6. the vertical centrifugal hydroextractor of narrating according to claim 1 to 5, it is characterized in that, utilize potential energy and centrifugal force by feeder trough (17) through internal rotor (21) to outer rotor (22) dispensing material to be filtered, outer rotor under centrifugal action (22) and sieve plate (20) dewater to material and are dry, moisture sees through filter cake and screen cloth (31) enters in the sieve plate (20), through its axle journal endoporus inflow water leg (5) discharge down, then by internal rotor (21) and outer rotor (22) rotation differential, by the pin tooth transmission mechanism that constitutes by pin wheel (18) and gear (19), several sieve plates (20) Rotate 180 degree that driven by program will discharging in accordance with regulations, and be locked thereupon; At this moment, the filter cake that is trapped in screen surface forwards the outside to by the inside, is laid down under action of centrifugal force, and the screen surface that is forwarded to the inside by the outside then prepares to accept next circulating filtration material feeding; So, machine follow procedure continuous operation successively.

7. according to claim 1,5 and 6 vertical centrifugal hydroextractors of being narrated, it is characterized in that, internal rotor (21) epimere is a cylindrical shape, hypomere is an around shaping drum, be provided with the multilayer batching dish (27) that the external diameter same inner diameter does not wait in the tube, dosage bunker (25) one ends and around shaping drum join, and the other end and sieve plate (20) keep a less gap; Plectane is linked into an integrated entity by several support bars (26) under on the outer rotor (22); Sieve plate (20) both sides working surface is the spill cambered surface, its two ends axle journal is rotatably connected with outer rotor (22) by bearing, sieve plate (20) can be around himself axis rotation, the axis of rotation of all sieve plates (20) is on same circumference, between sieve plate and the sieve plate sealing is housed, all sieve plate (20) surrounds a complete sieve plate circle, and dosage bunker (25) is directly to sieve plate circle inner surface continuous cloth.