CN101806228B - Coal bed gas radio frequency spectrum direction finding early warning system - Google Patents

Coal bed gas radio frequency spectrum direction finding early warning system Download PDF

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CN101806228B
CN101806228B CN2010101057564A CN201010105756A CN101806228B CN 101806228 B CN101806228 B CN 101806228B CN 2010101057564 A CN2010101057564 A CN 2010101057564A CN 201010105756 A CN201010105756 A CN 201010105756A CN 101806228 B CN101806228 B CN 101806228B
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output
received
coal
amplifier
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CN101806228A (en
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黄福泉
袁亮
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National Engineering Research Center For Coal Gas Control
Huainan Mining Group Co Ltd
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National Engineering Research Center For Coal Gas Control
Huainan Mining Group Co Ltd
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Abstract

A coal bed gas radio frequency spectrum direction-finding early warning system receives gas radio steady-state and unsteady-state radiation temperature signals of a gas enrichment region in a coal rock layer through a radio astronomy modulation radiation receiving system so as to indirectly measure the gas pressure of the coal bed; receiving a gas radio unsteady state and rapidly-changing radiation intensity and form signal of a gas radio enrichment area in a coal rock layer through a radio astronomy full-power radiation receiving system so as to judge the type and the change rate of the measured gas radio radiation; and receiving the gas radio unsteady state and fast change radiation spectrum peak value and frequency drift of the gas radio unsteady state and fast change radiation spectrum peak value in the gas enrichment region in the coal rock layer through a radio astronomical spectrum radiation receiving system so as to early warn the outburst of the coal gas. The azimuth and normal distance of the gas enrichment area are determined by matching the maximum values of the three signals under different antenna azimuth and elevation angles and by triangulation.

Description

Coal bed gas radio spectrum direction-finding early warning system
Technical field
The present invention relates to measure in the digging of colliery the coal rock layer gas pressure; More specifically say so a kind of application radio astronomy modulation, total power, frequency spectrum and absolute calibration method; More accurately measure radiation temperature, relative intensity, frequency spectrum and orientation and the length of normal in gas radio radiation source in the coal rock layer; Set up Mathematical Modeling by actual measurement again and data obtains the radiant flux that coal seam unit length attenuation coefficient calculates gas source itself; And then the pressure in match-drill actual measurement gas source; Draw the pressure dependence of radiant flux and gas source under a certain geology and the coal seam conditions, nationality is with the gas pressure of measuring gas enrichment region in the coal rock layer and the coal bed gas radio spectrum direction-finding early warning system of early warning coal watt outburst danger.
Background technology
Coal is watt projecting coal bed, and an especially serious coal watt projecting coal bed safe tunneling construction is still global problem so far.Equally, the mensuration of orientation, pressure and the outburst danger of coal watt projecting coal bed inner gas pressure concentrated area and forecast also are global problem so far.Past is methods such as used bore detecting, rock noise detection, microseism detection, electromagnetic surveying in the colliery, and former three all is that contact is surveyed in these methods, or make gas pressure be difficult to The real time measure because of position, hole, hole depth are difficult to measure; Or because of inadequately sensitive, be subject to noise and disturb, be difficult to set up and the gas pressure model; Or be difficult in the digging The field because of equipment is huge; Survey though the latter is noncontact, the single channel test that is based upon on the step-by-step counting basis is difficult to distinguish with impulse disturbances, thereby false alarm rate is high, and is non-linear detection, is difficult to set up the gas pressure model; Therefore prior art all can not the inner gas pressure in fine solution coal seam, the mensuration and the coal watt outstanding early warning in orientation.Though each colliery has all been set up tunnel gas in succession and has been detected supervisory control system; But can only detect the concentration of the gas that from coal rock layer, had infiltrated already in the air of tunnel; And can not detect the gas bearing capacity in the driving exploitation coal seam, working face the place ahead; Thereby can not solve fundamentally that coal and gas are outstanding to cause gas density moment to increase, the prediction of the gas explosion that causes with prevent and treat problem.In general, the coal-bed gas method of testing of using in the digging of colliery at present, it all is non-linear, single channel, single physical quantity hardware measuring equipment in essence.
Summary of the invention
The present invention seeks to overcoming above-mentioned existing in prior technology weak point; Utilization very ripe methods such as radio astronomy modulation, total power, frequency spectrograph, interference, polarization (polarization) and absolute calibration in radio astronomy; A kind of coal bed gas radio spectrum direction-finding early warning system is provided; It is the coal bed gas radio spectrum direction-finding early warning system of the many sensing units of a kind of linear multichannel; Can measure radiation temperature, relative intensity, transmitted spectrum and the radiation source orientation and the polarization in gas radio radiation source in the coal rock layer simultaneously, nationality is outstanding with gas pressure, orientation and the early warning of measuring gas enrichment region in the coal rock layer.
The basic principle clear in order to narrate, that first brief introduction coal-bed gas radio is surveyed:
1, there is the Boltzmann radiation in the coal-bed gas under the non-absolute zero: P=ε KT, ε are coal-bed gas absorption coefficient (ε≤1), and T is an absolute temperature, and K is a Boltzmann constant.Because the impossible transition of the physical temperature of depths, stratum is so this is the background emission in other words of a kind of gradual steady state of radiation;
2, there is the electromagnetic radiation that adsorption gas expands and causes coal rock layer to rupture and produce in the coal-bed gas enrichment region, because the complexity of geodynamics and the randomness of fracture, this is a kind of unstable state radiation of spike form;
3, the earth capacitance device (containing the gas pressure increase causes) polar plate spacing L and the charge Q variation generation long wave radio radiation (λ ∝ L, p ∝ Δ Q) in geodynamics changes that constitute by the alternate superposition in multilayer large tracts of land weakly conducting coal seam in the mining area and insulation rock stratum;
4, a large amount of electric charges of the long and medium wave radiation that produces because of the adsorption gas volumetric pressure changes of the coal-bed gas enrichment region adsorption gas electric capacity that exists the gas liquid gas-bearing formation of local weakly conducting coal seam and insulation to constitute and gas enrichment region accumulated are most advanced and sophisticated through the radiation of the local anaerobic discharge generation of methane gas De Jian Mine through the coal seam;
5, the coal-bed gas δ radio spectral line radiation (in complex geological tectonic, be not precluded within and form high Q resonant cavity in the complex geological tectonic, just be enough to form frequency) that excites of the earth high Q resonant cavity from the δ of 1KHZ-100KHZ line emission; And the spectrum peak drift and the high pressure gas gas molecule characteristic spectral line radiation that possibly exist or the like.
Our target is exactly through the mature technology in the comprehensive utilization Radio Astronomical Methods and combines the actual conditions in the coal mining to improve; Realize reception with a kind of comprehensive, multichannel, high performance coal bed gas radio spectrum direction-finding system to above-mentioned five kinds of coal-bed gas radio radiation signals; Measure and write down its radiation temperature, relative intensity, the drift of transmitted spectrum 、 Pu Mine, radiation area orientation and length of normal, radiation polarization etc. with antenna bearingt, the elevation angle, change of time and form thereof; Nationality is with the indirect determination coal-bed gas pressure; Confirm its position, radiation form and emission types thereof, thereby instruct production, early warning coal and gas outstanding.
The coal bed gas radio spectrum direction-finding system is different from general radio receiver; Owing to receive special objects; It has several basic fundamentals to require: 1. high gain stability: black body radiation is a kind of radiation of white noise form; Do not have different, therefore, unstable with the electronic noise of receiving system in itself if receiving system gains; Then when receiving system output changes, we can't distinguish the variation of the gas radio radiation signal that receiving system receives or the variation of receiving system own ship's noise at all.Therefore, in general, the whole gain stability receiving system requires at least ± 1 ~ 2% / hour or more; 2 High sensitivity: the radio sensitivity of the radiation machine is ideal ΔT = aT Sys / √ Δf · te , to make the ideal sensitivity ΔT as possible, you must: reduce system noise temperature Tsys, increasing the system equivalent bandwidth Δf, increase system integration time te, in general, overall sensitivity of the receiving system requires at least 1 ~ 2 ° K or more low; 3 high interference immunity: correlation processing, fixed-frequency interference suppression, Yan TACT CONSTRUCTION RATES shielding and filtering to reduce the antenna back lobe and side lobe level, adjustable multi-octave bandwidth and multi-channel matching, etc.; 4 high linearity and large dynamic range: ≥ 60db dynamic range, such as the dynamic linear range ≯ 2 ~ 10%, programmable gain, software radio technologies.
Eventually the above; The present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above the technical scheme that is adopted: a kind of coal bed gas radio spectrum direction-finding early warning system; It is characterized in that the coal-bed gas pressure measuring method in chopped radiation meter method, total power radiometer method, heterodyne frequency spectrograph method, absolute calibration method and the coal mine geology in this system synthesis application Radio Astronomical Methods; Radiation temperature, relative intensity, transmitted spectrum and the radiation source orientation and the polarization in the gas radio radiation source in the mensuration coal rock layer under the different antennae orientation and the elevation angle; Orientation, gas pressure size and the variation thereof of nationality to measure gas enrichment region in the coal rock layer, early warning coal watt outburst danger; Be provided with and comprise:
Linear radio astronomy chopped radiation receiving subsystem receives gas enrichment region gas radio stable state and unstable state radiation temperature signal in the coal rock layer through it, and nationality is with the indirect determination coal-bed gas pressure;
AGC radio astronomy total power radiation receiving subsystem receives the radio unstable state of gas enrichment region gas and fast-changing radiation intensity and form signals in the coal rock layer by it, and nationality is to differentiate gas radio radiation type and the rate of change surveyed;
Radio astronomy spectrum radiation receiving subsystem, through its receive the radio unstable state of gas enrichment region gas and fast-changing spoke radio-frequency spectrum Mine value in coal rock layer and to front end drift, nationality is watt outstanding with the early warning coal;
Long and medium wave directional antenna group; The signal of above-mentioned three kinds of receptions is passed through the rotation and the displacement of both sides tropism's antenna through it; Acquisition is peaked coincideing under the different antennae orientation and the elevation angle; Through trigonometric calculations, measure polarization, orientation, the elevation angle and the length of normal of gas enrichment region again, to confirm the distance of gas enrichment region to antenna;
Through the coal-bed gas pressure method of measurement in radio astronomy absolute calibration method and the coal mine geology; With the output conversion of signals that shows is the gas enrichment region aerial radiation temperature that antenna is received; After the gas pressure of the radio wave loss coefficient of knowing the unit length coal seam and coal-bed gas enrichment region; Be gas pressure with the aerial radiation temperature transition again, just can show and read gas pressure from instrument.
Radio astronomy chopped radiation receiving subsystem is provided with modulation system coal-bed gas radio radiation receiving system, contains broadband beam antenna interface, three port video modulators, low noise video preamplifier, multi-octave BREATHABLE BANDWIDTH amplifier, optional film isolation attenuator, three active band stop filter, broadband buffer amplifier, the adjustable gain master video amplifier, the two differential pair tube multiplication of voltage wave detectors of low temperature drift, video direct current amplifier, synchronous integrator, synchronous phase detector, active integrator, lock phase synchronization signal generator, multichannel cmos buffer device and overshoot excision control signal delay circuit frequently; Get into the signal input port of three port video modulators through the broad-band antenna interface by the next aerial signal of broadband beam antenna; Another input port of three port video modulators connects 50 Ω terminate loads; The driving square wave input of three port video modulators is received wherein one road delivery outlet of multichannel cmos buffer device 7 road synchronous square-wave signals output; Aerial signal after the square wave modulation is received the input of low noise video preamplifier by the signal output port of three port video modulators; The output of low noise video preamplifier is received the signal input part of multi-octave BREATHABLE BANDWIDTH amplifier; The program control signal input of multi-octave BREATHABLE BANDWIDTH amplifier receive embedded type CPU 3 road D/A output one of modulation bandwidth program control voltage output, the signal output part of BREATHABLE BANDWIDTH amplifier is received the input that optional film is isolated attenuator.Optional film is isolated the input that the attenuator output is received the active band stop filter of three frequencies, and the output of the active band stop filter of three frequencies is received the input of broadband buffer amplifier.The output of broadband buffer amplifier is received the signal input part of the adjustable gain master video amplifier; The driving square wave input of the overshoot cut-off circuit of the adjustable gain master video amplifier is received the output of overshoot excision control signal delay circuit; The adjustable gain program control signal input of the adjustable gain master video amplifier receive embedded type CPU 3 road D/A output one of modulation gain program control voltage output, the output of the adjustable gain master video amplifier is received the input of the two differential pair tube multiplication of voltage wave detectors of low temperature drift.The output of the two differential pair tube multiplication of voltage wave detectors of low temperature drift is received the input of video dc amplifier; The output of video dc amplifier is received the signal input part of synchronous integrator; The two-phase of synchronous integrator drives the delivery outlet that the square wave input is received the wherein two-way of multichannel cmos buffer device; The signal output part of synchronous integrator is received the synchronous phase detector signal input part; The two-phase of synchronous phase detector drives the delivery outlet that the square wave input is received the wherein two-way of multichannel cmos buffer device 7 road synchronous square-wave signals output, and the signal output part of synchronous phase detector is received the input of active integrator; Direct current signal through a representative antennas input signal strength of output behind the active integrator integration; The output of active integrator is received first A/D input port of embedded type CPU, i.e. modulation-demodulation signal input port, and all modulated square wave signals produce by lock phase synchronization signal generator; The square wave output of lock phase synchronization signal generator is received the input of multichannel cmos buffer device; The reference signal input of lock phase synchronization signal generator is received the lock phase reference signal delivery outlet of embedded type CPU, and multichannel cmos buffer device has the output of 7 road CMOS level synchronization square-wave signals, and wherein 2 tunnel two-phases of receiving synchronous integrator drive the square wave input; 2 tunnel two-phases of receiving synchronous phase detector drive the square wave input; 2 tunnel two-phases of receiving synchronous integrator drive the square wave input in addition, also have 2 tunnel two-phases of receiving overshoot cut-off circuit control signal delay circuit to drive square wave input, last 1 tunnel driving square wave input of receiving three port video modulators;
AGC radio astronomy total power radiation receiving subsystem is provided with total power formula coal-bed gas radio radiation receiving system, contains many segmented antenna interface, wideband video switching regulator mechanical tuning circuit, outer single-chip microcomputer front end Frequency Selection Controller synchronously, low noise video preamplifier, multi-octave BREATHABLE BANDWIDTH amplifier, optional film isolation attenuator, four active band stop filter, broadband buffer amplifier, the program-controlled main video amplifier of AGC, the two differential pair tube multiplication of voltage wave detectors of low temperature drift, video direct current amplifier and active integrator frequently; The multichannel aerial signal that is come by many segmented ferrites antenna gets into wideband video switching regulator mechanical tuning circuit through many segmented antenna interface; The signal output part of this wideband video switching regulator mechanical tuning circuit is delivered to the aerial signal of a certain frequency of selecting the input of low noise video preamplifier; Wideband video switching regulator mechanical tuning circuit is by the control of outer single-chip microcomputer front end Frequency Selection Controller synchronously; The outer external synchronization signal input of single-chip microcomputer front end Frequency Selection Controller is synchronously received the single-chip microcomputer external synchronization signal delivery outlet of embedded type CPU; The output of low noise video preamplifier is received multi-octave BREATHABLE BANDWIDTH amplifier input terminal; The optional film of the output of multi-octave BREATHABLE BANDWIDTH amplifier is isolated the input of attenuator; The output of optional film isolation attenuator is received the input of four frequency source band stop filters, and the output of the active band stop filter of four frequencies is received the input of broadband buffer amplifier.The output of broadband buffer amplifier is received the signal input part of the program-controlled main video amplifier of AGC; The signal output part of the program-controlled main video amplifier of AGC is received the input of the two differential pair tube multiplication of voltage wave detectors of low temperature drift; The program control signal input of the program-controlled main video amplifier of AGC receive embedded type CPU 3 road D/A output one of total power gain procedure control voltage output end; The output of the two differential pair tube multiplication of voltage wave detectors of low temperature drift is received the input of video dc amplifier; The output of video dc amplifier is received the input of active integrator; The direct current signal of a representative antennas input signal strength of output behind the active integrator integration, the output of active integrator is received second A/D input of embedded type CPU, i.e. total power restituted signal input port;
Radio astronomy spectrum radiation receiving subsystem is provided with high intermediate frequency heterodyne sweep-frequency B coal-bed gas radio radiation frequency spectrum receiving system, contains broadband beam antenna interface, low noise video preamplifier, low pass filter, broadband buffer amplifier, optional film isolation attenuator, dual frequency active band stop filter, multi-octave frequency mixer, preposition high intermediate frequency amplifier, high if bandpas filter, high intermediate frequency quartz-crystal filter, the high intermediate frequency amplifier of back level, high intermediate frequency buffer amplifier, the two differential pair tube multiplication of voltage wave detectors of low temperature drift, video direct current amplifier, integrator, program-controlled DDS Direct Digital synthetic local oscillation signal generator, high pass filter and local oscillator buffer amplifier; By the aerial signal that broadband beam antenna comes, receive the input of low noise video preamplifier through the broadband beam antenna interface.The output of low noise video preamplifier is received the input of low pass filter; The output of low pass filter is received the input of broadband buffer amplifier; The output termination film of broadband buffer amplifier is isolated the input of attenuator; The output of film isolation attenuator is received the input of dual frequency active band stop filter; The output of active band stop filter is received the signal input part of multi-octave broadband mixer, inserts high Q intermediate frequency LC mouth ripple device at the signal input part of multi-octave broadband mixer; The local oscillator input of multi-octave broadband mixer is received the output of local oscillator buffer amplifier; High intermediate frequency signal output part after the frequency conversion of multi-octave broadband mixer is received the input of preposition high intermediate frequency amplifier; The output of preposition high intermediate frequency amplifier is received the input of the high if bandpas filter of lumped parameter; The output of high if bandpas filter is received the input of high intermediate frequency quartz-crystal filter; The output of quartz-crystal filter is received the input of rearmounted high intermediate frequency amplifier, and the output of rearmounted high intermediate frequency amplifier is received the input of big dynamic high intermediate frequency buffer amplifier.The output of high intermediate frequency buffer amplifier is received the input of the two differential pair tube multiplication of voltage wave detectors of low temperature drift; The output of the two differential pair tube multiplication of voltage wave detectors of low temperature drift is received the input of video dc amplifier; Obtain the direct current signal of a representative antennas input spectrum intensity behind the output process integrator integration noise suppression of video dc amplifier; Deliver to the 3rd A/D input of embedded type CPU; It is frequency spectrum restituted signal input port; The frequency sweep local oscillator of frequency spectrograph is produced by program-controlled DDS Direct Digital synthesized signal generator, and the external trigger synchronous signal input end of program-controlled DDS Direct Digital synthesized signal generator is received the local oscillator external trigger synchronizing signal delivery outlet of embedded type CPU, and the local oscillator output of program-controlled DDS Direct Digital synthesized signal generator is received the input that the 10db film is isolated attenuator; The output of film isolation attenuator is received the input of low pass filter; The output of low pass filter is isolated the input that attenuator is received high-pass filter through the 3db film, and the output of high-pass filter is received the input of local oscillator buffer amplifier, and the output of local oscillator buffer amplifier is received the local oscillator input of multi-octave broadband mixer;
System also is provided with
Clamp on Embedded CPU data processing center control display devices: including operation WIN XP operating system board CPU, 512MDDR memory and 8G CF card memory, 12bit 100KHz 16-to-1 A / D converter, 3-way 12bit 33KHzD / A converter, LCD display and the corresponding A / D, D / A conversion board and the corresponding I / O interface;
Explosion-proof rechargeable Ni-H 2 battery group and stabilized voltage power supply: comprise+15V ,+8V ,+8V ,-8V; Totally 4 groups of rechargeable Ni-H 2 battery groups and corresponding 4 groups of constant pressure and flow Ni-MH battery chargers and+12V ,+5V ,+5V ,-5V, totally 4 tunnel accurate stabilized voltage power supply and corresponding EMI protection, filtering, decouple, overheated, overcurrent, short-circuit protection circuit;
Said double antenna system is loaded by the inductance that is installed together that the high ε medium of low-loss is sealed the accurate logarithm period plate aerial in broadband and Single-chip Controlling can the many segmented antenna of the extraordinarily long ferrite of the section of satisfying switch dual be formed amphiorentation reception antenna group jointly; Both all have directionality in high-end, middle-end, the low and middle-end of frequency acceptance band; Utilize the high ε medium of inductance loading low-loss in the amphiorentation antenna to seal the accurate logarithm period plate aerial in broadband in the antenna main lobe directionality of medium wave and middle long wave and 8 font directionality of double many segmentations of lengthening ferrite broad-band antenna; Be as the criterion with the antenna plane normal; Each choosing a bit on the preceding both sides of face; Rotary antenna is found out the length of line between angle and of line between antenna plane and of coal-bed gas radio radiation peak response value at 2 at 2 separately; The orientation that can obtain coal-bed gas radio radiation source reaches the length of normal of line between 2 o'clock, thereby can confirm the distance of gas radio radiation source to antenna.
Said radio astronomy absolute calibration method adopts Cooling and Heat Source calibration and the calibration of antenna actinal surface; Modulation system coal-bed gas radio radiation receiving system is received end face Cooling and Heat Source absolute calibration and antenna actinal surface Cooling and Heat Source absolute calibration and standard antenna comparison; To measure the coal-bed gas radio radiation temperature that antenna is received; Confirm the distance of gas radio radiation source through 2 direction findings again to antenna and gas radio radiation; Obtain coal seam unit length attenuation coefficient through actual measurement, calculate the radiant flux in gas source itself, and then cooperate the coal-bed gas pressure method of measurement in the coal mine geology promptly to seal the pressure that the gas source is surveyed in boring; Obtain the pressure dependence of radiant flux and gas source under a certain geology and the coal seam conditions, show the direct-reading gas pressure from instrument.
Said modulation system coal-bed gas radio radiation receiving system, total power formula coal-bed gas radio radiation receiving system and high intermediate frequency heterodyne sweep-frequency B coal-bed gas radio radiation frequency spectrum receiving system are contained in same flame proof iron and close the interior common signal that receives from same radiation source of triple channel that constitutes; Its different received system, gain, bandwidth, the time of integration and display mode; Handle to realize suppressing effectively to disturb and observation useful signal form and parameter and adopt high intermediate frequency heterodyne sweep-frequency B frequency spectrograph to receive and analyze to show coal-bed gas radio radiation frequency spectrum through embedded type CPU, and monitor it and compose the Mine value frequently to high-end the moving with as early warning coal watt outstanding important evidence of frequency.
Advantage of the present invention and remarkable result:
1, the linear reception: the output and the aerial signal of this machine are linear, and its linear dynamic range reaches 30-40db, can reach 70db through agc circuit, re-use calibration curve and can reach 80-90db through the computer correction.This just can export the reading demarcation with instrument through absolute calibration and be radiant flux, demarcates through gas its demarcation is contained gas amount for gas pressure, concentration or a ton coal again.In the past, domestic gas measuring electromagnetic radiation mostly uses pulse counting, it is difficult to establish the instrument output and gas radio emission intensity linear relationship, it is impossible to calibrate the instrument output readings for the radio emission intensity of gas, let alone through the absolute calibration and gas calibration of the instrument output readings calibrated to gas pressure, concentration, or the amount of coal containing gas.
2, frequency spectrum receives: adopt high intermediate frequency heterodyne sweep-frequency B frequency spectrograph to receive and show coal-bed gas radio radiation frequency spectrum; Show the coal-bed gas radio radiation frequency spectrum in the frequency range of 5～1300KHz with the spectral resolution of 1-5KHz, and monitor its Pin Pu Mine value to high-end the moving with as early warning coal watt outstanding important evidence of frequency.And through to the unit interval counting of the frequency below 100KHz spectrum Mine as an index weighing coal-bed gas activity severe, and the maximum of the spectral peak during a certain antenna azimuth is participated in the metering of coal-bed gas radio radiation as the parameter of six parameter polar diagrams.Look into newly through science and technology, still do not have similar techniques both at home and abroad.
3, the amphiorentation antenna receives: by being installed in the common radio radiation that receives from coal-bed gas of conplane amphiorentation antenna; For wearing the high ε medium of low-loss, inductance seals broadband logarithm period plate aerial for one; Another can the section of satisfying switch the tuning many segmented antenna of double lengthening ferrite for Single-chip Controlling; Both have the different antennas directional characteristic, and both receive the direction finding, differentiation useful signal, the inhibition that help coal-bed gas radio radiation source together and disturb, and reduce false-alarm.And can utilize the flat plane antenna polarization characteristic different to distinguish the polarization in coal-bed gas radio radiation source and then segment its end face situation of meeting head on (end face to development end or side to development end etc.) with ferrite antenna.
4, the multichannel multisensor receives: close interior modulation receiving instrument, total power receiving instrument and frequency spectrum receiving instrument through the common signal that receives from same coal seam gas radio radiation source of double antenna by being contained in same flame proof iron; Because of its different received system (modulation, total power, frequency spectrum), gain (linearity, AGC, point be almost frequently), bandwidth (broadband, narrow-band, 1-5KHz point are frequently), the time of integration (2S, 0.5S, 10mS) and display mode (digital display, digital display, simulation); In fact being equivalent to the multichannel multisensor receives; Handle through embedded type CPU; Overlap criterion through threshold values and can reduce false-alarm widely, also can more effectively suppress to disturb and more effectively observe useful signal form and parameter simultaneously.This is not do in both at home and abroad the coal-bed gas radio radiation being surveyed to be.
5,15 ° of direction findings: utilize inductance in the amphiorentation antenna to wear the high ε medium of low-loss and seal the accurate logarithm period plate aerial in broadband in the antenna main lobe directionality of medium wave and middle long wave and 8 font directionality of the many segmented antenna of double lengthening ferrite; Be as the criterion with the antenna plane normal; Each choosing a bit on the preceding both sides of face; Rotary antenna is measured the length of line between angle and of line between antenna plane and of coal-bed gas radio radiation peak response value at 2 at 2 separately, can obtain the orientation in coal-bed gas radio radiation source and the length of normal of line between 2 o'clock.Its direction finding precision can reach 15 °, and this index far surpasses reported in literature.
6, gas bearing capacity in the gas pressure of the modulation system radio radiation receiving equipment of application high-gain stability and the calibration of receiver Cooling and Heat Source and antenna actinal surface calibration technology mensuration coal-bed gas radio flux and then demarcation coal-bed gas enrichment region or the unit volume coal seam: using gain stability reaches ± 0.5%/modulation system radio radiation linearity receiving equipment hourly; Can measure the coal-bed gas radio radiation temperature that antenna is received exactly through calibration of receiver Cooling and Heat Source and antenna actinal surface calibration technology; The distance, the actual measurement that obtain antenna and source through direction finding again obtain the radiant flux that coal seam unit length attenuation coefficient can calculate gas source itself; And then match-drill actual measurement obtains the pressure of coal-bed gas enrichment region, can draw the pressure dependence of radiant flux and coal-bed gas enrichment region under a certain geology and the coal seam conditions.This also is not report in the domestic and foreign literature.
7, using the time of integration short total power formula coal-bed gas radio radiation receiving equipment can receive and the form of definite coal-bed gas radio radiation: be short to 0.01S～0.1S the time of integration when adopting; And when using the total power formula coal-bed gas radio radiation receiving equipment of ferrite antenna; We can receive the waveform and the form of coal-bed gas radio radiation, and can distinguish the different radiative process of steady state of radiation, unstable state radiation, spike radiation or the like of coal-bed gas radio radiation thus.We can judge on the radiation form when the spike radiation accounts for that main form Qie Mine value is higher to be strengthened especially suddenly like this, and majority is representing that the coal seam adsorption gas is movable violent, the just increase of possibility that coal and gas are outstanding.
8, high-performance applications Clamp on-in CPU: 500MHz for AMD 32 CPU, 512MB RAM, 8G CF card storage, 12bitA / D and D / A, to achieve the machine's program control, accurate and fast data processing digital and graphic display, and achieve full operating time test data, real-time recording and storage.More high performance computer workstation easy to use carries out subsequent treatment and data readback, and this is for stockpile, and the thing of further seeking the regularity between geology, coal seam, gas and the digging has very high value.
Based on the above, the present invention has a high gain stability and the Clamp on Embedded CPU program controlled linear modulation receiving device applications, can be more accurate determination of coal seam gas radio emission; dual antenna, three-channel, AWC, AGC, PGC, synchronization points , related processing, simultaneous reception of different integration time can effectively distinguish interference and reduce the false alarm rate; broadband spectrum measurements, provides an intuitive coal watt prominent precursor observation and early warning; special directional antenna to achieve a two-point measurement of coal seam gas-rich pool azimuth, distance and position measurement method for the establishment of the radio emission of gas temperature and gas pressure relationship provides a new means.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the theory diagram of system of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a modulation system coal-bed gas radio radiation receiving system theory diagram;
Fig. 3 is a total power formula coal-bed gas radio radiation receiving system theory diagram;
Fig. 4 is high intermediate frequency heterodyne sweep-frequency B coal-bed gas radio radiation frequency spectrum receiving system theory diagram;
Figure 5 is a Clamp on data center control-in CPU processing hardware block diagram of a display device;
Figure 6 is a Clamp on Embedded CPU central control software, data processing main program block diagram of a display device;
Fig. 7 is explosion-proof type rechargeable Ni-H 2 battery group and 4 tunnel accurate stabilized voltage power supply block diagrams;
Fig. 8 is a coal-bed gas radio radiation receiving equipment long and medium wave amphiorentation antenna sets block diagram;
Fig. 9 is a coal-bed gas radio radiation receiving equipment software LO configuration module block diagram;
Figure 10 is a coal-bed gas radio radiation receiving equipment software systems initialization module block diagram;
Figure 11 is a coal-bed gas radio radiation receiving equipment software systems status control module block diagram;
Figure 12 is that coal-bed gas radio radiation receiving equipment software A/D initialization is provided with block diagram;
Figure 13 is that coal-bed gas radio radiation receiving equipment software D/A initialization is provided with block diagram;
Figure 14 is a coal-bed gas radio radiation receiving equipment software interrupt subroutine module block diagram.
Embodiment
Referring to Figure 1, the inventive system includes specific equipment of six kinds, namely modulated seam gas radio radiation receiving device, full-power type seam gas radio radiation receiving device, high-frequency heterodyne swept coal seam gas radio emission spectrum receiving device, Clamp on Embedded CPU data processing center control display devices, explosion-proof nickel-metal hydride rechargeable batteries and power supply as well as long-wave directional antenna groups are separate than the antenna enclosure sealed silver shield to be placed after the opening of a transparent pressure display window flameproof enclosure, antenna places fire proof cable connectors through the introduction of explosion proof enclosure to accommodate the coal mine work.1 is an external panel antenna; 2 is an external magnetic antenna; 3 is modulated radio radiation receiving device; 4 is a full-power type radio radiation receiving device; 5 is a heterodyne spectrum analyzer receiver; 6 is a heterodyne spectrum analyzer DDS local oscillator means; 7 Clamp on Embedded CPU data processing center control display unit; 8 Clamp on the CPU-in 6.4 "color LCD display device; 9 is a 4-way precision regulated power supply; 10 is a built-in NiMH rechargeable explosion proof battery pack; 11 is an external 4-channel constant current constant voltage battery charger; 12 is a keyboard and mouse interface; 13 is proof steel enclosure.
Figure 2, modulated radio emission coal seam gas receiving device mounted in a shielded enclosure containing the connection panel antenna output cable 50ΩSMA socket, the socket via semi-rigid coaxial cable connected to a low insertion loss three-port video modulator antenna signal input port; Low insertion loss three-port video modulator another signal input port connected via semi-rigid cable shield on the housing 50ΩSMA outlet on external 50ΩSMA precision load, low insertion loss three-port video modulator signal output port by half rigid cable connected to a low noise, low noise preamplifier video JFET differential pair (2N6484) differential inputs; Low Noise Video by the two low-noise preamplifier junction field-effect differential cascode circuit and the two sets stage low noise dual op amp (EL2227) constitute a high common-mode rejection ratio instrumentation amplifier circuit, instrument amplifier output via semi-rigid cable to the adjustable multi-octave bandwidth of the amplifier input; multi-octave can wideband modulation bandwidth of the amplifier by the op amp integrator, controllable gain amplifier (VCA810) and unity gain buffer stage constituted by the external control voltage or program control voltage changing the bandwidth, the buffer output via semi-rigid cable to the optional isolation attenuation thin film input terminal; optional attenuator followed by isolating the membrane thin film circuit, the attenuation can be adjusted between 10 ~ 30db, its output is connected via semi-rigid cable to the tri-band active bandstop filter input terminal; three-band active band-stop filter by the six pairs of op amp (EL2227) constitute three active second-order band-stop filter to suppress 10KHz, 15KHz, 100KHz fixed frequency interference signal through its output terminal connected via semi-rigid cable to the broadband buffer amplifier input; broadband buffer amplifier consists of two to three broadband amplifier (OPA846) composition, its output via adjustable gain semi-rigid cable to the main video amplifier input; adjustable gain input to the main video The signal amplifier is buffered and sent to the first bi-CMOS analog switches (43113) composed of square wave modulation removal circuit overshoot, bidirectional control terminal of the CMOS analog switch via semi-rigid cable to the removal of the control signal overshoot output of the delay circuit , analog switch output terminal can be programmed large dynamic range main amplifier (VCA810), the main amplifier by a unity gain buffer after the semi-rigid cable to the temperature drift tube voltage doubler dual differential pair input of the detector; temperature drift dual differential on the tube voltage doubler detector are connected by a cb-e junction UHF dual differential pair (2FC2C) constituted with temperature compensation voltage doubler detector, followed Adjustable 0:00 DC amplifier (OPA27), its output by half rigid cable to the synchronization input of the integrator; synchronous integrator is the op amp (OPA27), analog switches and capacitors switched capacitor integrator circuit, the switching circuit is a CMOS analog two-way switch (43113) composition, control terminal of the analog switch are respectively connected to two CMOS buffers multiplexed pair of inverting and noninverting output of the integrator signal synchronized synchronous phase detector output to a signal input Rui; synchronous phase detector, which was also the two bidirectional CMOS analog switches (43112,43113) and a differential amplifier composed of two control terminals of analog switches respectively connected to the buffer multiplexer another pair of CMOS noninverting and inverting output terminal, synchronous phase detector signal output terminal connected to the input of an active integrator; active integrator op amp and the time constant of the integrator circuit 2S, active low impedance output of the integrator is the modulated radio coal gas output of the radiation receiving means, semi rigid cable and SMA connector to the Clamp on Embedded CPU data processing center control display devices modulation A / D SMA input connectors; modulated square wave signal generator consists acceptable Clamp on Embedded CPU data processing center control display device synchronization signal output External synchronization PLL (CD4046) synchronizing signal generator, multi-CMOS buffers (CD4069), and the square wave modulation signal delay control overshoot removal circuit, etc., designed to generate a single-phase square wave modulation 12.5Hz (for three-terminal modulator), 1-phase 12.5Hz square wave (for synchronous integrator), and the other a road biphasic 12.5Hz square wave (for synchronous phase detector) and 3 way biphasic 12.5Hz square wave ( Overshoot control signal for the delay circuit removal); the figure, 1 is a modulated radio radiation antenna interface plate receiving device; 2 is a three-port video modulator 50Ω load connection terminal; 3 is a variable gain amplifier main video 50Ω termination load Interface; 4 is the main video amplifier with adjustable gain control voltage interface; 5 is a multi-octave bandwidth amplifier adjustable control voltage interface; 6 is locked sync signal generator external synchronization signal interface; 7 is modulated radio emission receiver demodulator output interface; 8 is modulated radio radiation receiving device's power input and filtering interface.
Figure 3, the full-power radio emission type seam gas receiving device mounted in a shielded enclosure containing the connector on the antenna output jack to connect multiple cables 50ΩSMA segmented ferrite antenna 16 interfaces are connected through 16 coaxial broadband video Switching mechanical tuning circuit 16 of a coaxial reed switch, 16 coaxial reed switch in parallel with the other end of all the other four an entire parallel coaxial reed switch is connected, this four coaxial dry the other end of the reed switch are respectively connected to different capacity, low loss tuning capacitor, a total of 20 reed switch housing coaxial electromagnetic coil, the conduction or inductive load 20 relays the drive IC (MDC3105) the electromagnetic coil base conduction control unit, the integrated circuit (MDC3105) connected to the control input of frequency selective front-end chip external sync output of the controller, external sync tip frequency selection controller chip by a CMOS chip (AT89C2051) and two high-speed CMOS shift register (74HC595) constitute acceptable Clamp on Embedded CPU data processing center control display devices external synchronization signal control, can also be self-generated a total of 16 +4 = 20 Road MDC3105 conduction control signal, may constitute a 16 × 4 = 64, or 16 × 1 = 16 two tuning circuit; external sync frequency selective front-end controller chip and broadband video switch between mechanical tuning circuit is connected with a cable.The whole parallel connections of 20 statures of 20 coaxial dry reed switch are received the SMA input socket of the low noise video preamplifier on the screening can after coaxial cable is received SMA socket on the screening can as the tuning output of ferrite antenna frequency-selecting behind semi-rigid cable and sub-miniature A connector; Receive the input of low noise video preamplifier again through semi-rigid cable.The low noise video preamplifier is made up of the high cmrr instrumentation amplifier circuit that two-stage low noise junction field effect difference cascode is total to collector and two-stage low noise double operational (EL2227) formation, and the instrumentation amplifier output is received multi-octave BREATHABLE BANDWIDTH amplifier input terminal through semi-rigid cable; Multi-octave BREATHABLE BANDWIDTH amplifier is made up of broadband operational amplifier integrator, controllable gain amplifier (VCA810) and unit gain buffer stage; Can change bandwidth by adding control voltage, its output is received the input that optional book film is isolated attenuator through semi-rigid cable; Optional book film is isolated attenuator and is made up of the book film integrated circuit, and its decay can be adjusted between 10～30db, and optional book film is isolated the attenuator output is received the active band stop filter of four frequencies through semi-rigid cable input; The active band stop filter of four frequencies constitutes 4 grades of active second order band stop filters by 8 double operationals (EL2227); Pass through with inhibition 50Hz, 10KHz, 15KHz, 100KHz interference signal, the active band stop filter output of four frequencies is received the input of broadband buffer amplifier through semi-rigid cable; The broadband buffer amplifier is made up of 2 grades of broadband operational amplifiers (OPA846), and its output is received the input of the program-controlled main video amplifier of AGC of great dynamic range through semi-rigid cable; The program-controlled main video amplifier of the AGC of great dynamic range is made up of little capacitance integral comparator and wave detector, controllable gain amplifier (VCA810) and unit gain buffer stage; Little capacitance integral comparator compares the output of controllable gain amplifier (VCA810) and the level difference between the AGC initial control level; After detection, insert the gain control end of controllable gain amplifier, the output of the program-controlled main video amplifier of AGC is received the input of the two differential pair tube multiplication of voltage wave detectors of low temperature drift with semi-rigid cable; The two differential pair tube multiplication of voltage wave detectors of low temperature drift constitute the multiplication of voltage wave detector of band temperature-compensating by the two differential pair tubes (2FC2C) of the hyperfrequency that all connects into the cb-e knot, but after connect zeroising direct current amplifier (OPA27).Low drift dual differential pressure on the tube times the output of the detector is connected to the input of an active integrator; active by the op amp integrator (OPA27) and the time constant of the integrator circuit 0.5S, its low-impedance output is the Full power type radio emission coal seam gas output of the receiving device, semi-rigid cable and SMA connector to the Clamp on Embedded CPU data processing center control display devices full power A / D SMA input connector; figure, 1 is a full-power type radio radiation receiving device external ferrite magnetic antenna and transmission cables proof; 2 is a single-chip controller outside the selected frequency synchronization signal interface; 3 is controllable programmable main video amplifier AGC control voltage interfaces; 4 times octave bandwidth amplifier adjustable control voltage interface; 5 is a full power-type receiver demodulates the radio emission output interface; 6 is a full power-type radio radiation receiving device's power input and filtering interface.
See Fig. 4, high intermediate frequency heterodyne sweep-frequency B coal-bed gas radio radiation frequency spectrum receiving system contains 50 Ω sub-miniature A connectors of the connection plate aerial output cable that is contained on the screening can, and this coaxial fitting is received the input of low noise video preamplifier through semi-rigid cable.The low noise video preamplifier is made up of the high cmrr instrumentation amplifier circuit that two-stage low noise junction field effect difference cascode is total to collector and two-stage low noise double operational (EL2227) formation, and low noise video preamplifier output is received the input of low pass filter through semi-rigid cable; Low pass filter is 5 grades of T type LC lumped parameter low pass filters, and cut-off frequency 1.4MHz, the output of low pass filter receive the input of broadband buffer amplifier through semi-rigid cable; The broadband buffer amplifier is made up of 2 grades of broadband operational amplifiers (OPA846), and its output is received the input that optional book film is isolated attenuator through semi-rigid cable; Optional book film is isolated attenuator and is made up of the book film integrated circuit, and its decay can be adjusted between 10～30db, and the output of optional book film isolation attenuator is received the input of dual frequency active band stop filter through semi-rigid cable; The dual frequency active band stop filter constitutes 2 grades of active second order band stop filters by 4 double operationals (EL2227), passes through with inhibition 10KHz, 100KHz interference signal, and dual frequency active band stop filter output is received the input of multi-octave frequency mixer through semi-rigid cable; The multi-octave frequency mixer is made up of the high intermediate frequency of 1.7MHz ripple device, dual-gate MOS FET mixer stage and the high intermediate frequency transformer of 1.7MHz etc., and dual-gate MOS FET G1 grid connects input signal through coupling capacitance, dual-gate MOS FET G 2Grid is received the SMA local oscillation signal input socket that is contained on the screening can through coupling capacitance, semi-rigid cable, again through receiving the SMA local oscillation signal accessory power outlet of the synthetic high local oscillation signal generator of program-controlled DDS Direct Digital on the screening can behind semi-rigid cable and the sub-miniature A connector; 1.7MHz the input of preposition high intermediate frequency amplifier is received in the output of the low-resistance of high intermediate frequency transformer.High-frequency amplifier consists of pre-wideband op amps (OPA820), whose low-impedance output via semi-rigid cable to 1.7MHz high school band-pass filter input terminal; school band-pass filter for the 1.7MHzLC lumped bandpass filter bandwidth 100KHz, its output by 3db attenuator isolation and semi-rigid cable to the high-frequency quartz crystal filter input terminal; high frequency quartz crystal filter is a composite of quartz crystal filter 1.7MHz bandwidth 1-5KHz (available selected), high-frequency quartz crystal filter output terminal via semi-rigid cable to the post-stage high-frequency amplifier input; Sino-stage high frequency power amplifier transistor and 1.7MHz high frequency transformers and other components, high frequency after the class received a high-frequency amplifier output buffer amplifier input; high frequency buffer amplifier for wideband op amp (OPA820) formed a unity gain inverting amplifier, its output connected to temperature drift tube voltage doubler dual differential pair input of the detector; Low drift tube voltage doubler dual differential pairs are connected by a detector cb-e junction UHF dual differential pair (2FC2C) constituted with temperature compensation voltage doubler detector, followed by the video DC amplifier (OPA27), its low impedance output that is poor throughout high school band swept spectrum radio emission coal seam gas output of the receiving device, semi-rigid cable shielded enclosure after receiving the signal on the SMA output socket; then through the semi-rigid cable and SMA connector to the CPU Clamp on Fit data processing center control spectrum analyzer display device A / D SMA input connector.Programmable high direct digital synthesizer DDS signal generator of the oscillator by the crystal oscillator, a buffer, multistage variable frequency divider, a direct digital synthesis circuit and a control interface, etc., the oscillation frequency sweep range of 1.705 ~ 3.0MHz, sweep Cycle 1-12S (can be selected), step frequency 5-25KHz (can be selected), step interval 0.05-0.2S (can be selected), sweep frequency range, sweep cycle, step frequency, step interval and the oscillator output levels can be changed via the RS232 interface by the Clamp on Embedded CPU data processing center control display device control and change.The output of the synthetic high local oscillation signal generator of program-controlled DDS Direct Digital is isolated the local oscillation signal SMA accessory power outlet of just receiving on the screening can through semi-rigid cable behind attenuator, 3.1MHz low pass filter, the isolation of 3db book film attenuator, 1.66MHz high pass filter and the local oscillator buffer amplifier filtering harmonic and the clutter of crosstalking through the 10db book film that is connected in series successively and is exported as local oscillator.
Figure 5, Clamp on Fit CPU data processing center control display devices including operation WIN XP operating system board industrial computer (iEi WAFER-LX-800), its CPU is AMD's TDP <6W low-power chip L800 , 512MB DDR memory, and 4 ~ 16G CF card memory, 12bit 100KHz 16-to-1 A /> D converter (PCM-3718H0A / D), 3 channel 12bit 33KHz D / A converter (PCM-3712D / A), 6.4-inch color LCD display and the corresponding A / D converter board (PCLD-780), D / A converter board (ADAM-3909) and the corresponding I / O interface; total 3-way A / D input, 3 Lu D / A output, 3-way digital synchronization signal output, have to undergo a total of shielded enclosure 9 SMA connector.3 road A/D inputs are linked the SMA signal output connector of modulation, total power and frequency spectrograph respectively with semi-rigid cable; 3 road D/A output is linked the program control bandwidth SMA input adapter of modulation appearance, the programme-controlled gain SMA input adapter of modulation appearance, the program control bandwidth SMA input adapter of total power appearance with semi-rigid cable respectively; The output of 3 way word sync signals is linked the outer synchronous SMA input adapter of modulated square wave of modulation appearance, the outer SMA input adapter synchronously of single-chip microcomputer of total power appearance and the outer SMA input adapter synchronously of DDS local oscillator of frequency spectrograph with semi-rigid cable respectively; 232 interfaces of monolithic industrial computer LX-800 link to each other with 232 interfaces of the DDS local oscillator of frequency spectrograph; The LCD of monolithic industrial computer LX-800 shows that accessory power outlet links to each other with the control input socket of 6.4 inch LCD displays.In addition, there PS2 socket to connect an external mouse, etc.; 1 Clamp on Embedded CPU unit A / D converter analog input interface; 2 Clamp on Embedded CPU unit D / A converter analog output interface; 3 Clamp on Fit CPU device digital control signal output interface; 4 Clamp on Embedded CPU unit RS-232 serial control interface; 5 is a keyboard, mouse, CF cards and other peripherals interfaces; 6 Clamp on Embedded CPU unit power input and filtering interfaces;
See Fig. 7; Stabilized voltage power supply; Comprise+15V ,+8V ,+8V ,-8V; 4 groups of rechargeable Ni-H 2 battery groups and corresponding 4 groups of constant pressure and flow Ni-MH battery chargers and+12V ,+5V ,+5V ,-5V, 4 tunnel accurate stabilized voltage power supply and corresponding EMI protection, filtering, decouple, overtemperature protection, overcurrent protection, short-circuit protection circuit; 4 groups of rechargeable Ni-H 2 battery groups are formed by the 1.2V10Ah unit; Place the shielding of independent galvanized iron sheet to draw (floating ground) through 5 Φ, 6 4700PF feedthrough capacitors in closing publicly, with thick fire-retardant lead respectively 5 Φ 6 4700PF feedthrough capacitors of warp receive+12V ,+5V ,+5V ,-the 5V input of totally 4 tunnel high stability stabilized voltage power supplys; The shared a reference source of 4 tunnel high stability stabilized voltage power supplys; All adopt the series connection voltage regulation way: High-power Semiconductor Triode+high-operational amplifier (OPA27); It is steady in advance that 2 grades of boost switching Voltage stabilizing module → EMI filtering → integrated regulators etc. are all passed through in the power supply of amplifier; The sampling divider resistance is high-accuracy metalfilmresistor, all adopts 4 line system modes for reducing equivalent output resistance, and 4 road inputs are all gone here and there with overheated self-shield resistance, output serial connection current foldback circuit; 2 tunnel+5V power supply is for enlarging all in addition OTL output after amplifier of output current, thereby guarantees voltage stability～10 -6Magnitude current stability, 10 -5Magnitude (before the output feedthrough capacitor).The output of 4 tunnel high stability stabilized voltage power supplys is all drawn (connecing shell) through 5 Φ 64700PF feedthrough capacitors publicly;
See Fig. 8, long and medium wave directional antenna group is the long and medium wave directional antenna group of double antenna.Double antenna system seals inductance by the high ε medium of the low-loss that is installed together and wears meander line and prolong the accurate logarithm period plate aerial of oscillator and Single-chip Controlling and can the section of satisfying switch the extraordinarily long manganese-zinc ferrite body antenna of many segment of double mutual group and become the reception of amphiorentation antenna, and plate aerial passes through that the SFF-50-3 coaxial cable links to each other with the SMA antenna input socket of modulation and frequency spectrograph through the flame proof head of flameproof enclosure, ferrite antenna then links to each other with 3 group of 7 core antenna input socket of total power appearance through the flame proof head of flameproof enclosure through 16 multiple SFF-50-1.5 cables of suitcase outside fire-retardant.Two kinds of antennas all have directionality more than the middle-end of frequency acceptance band, utilize the high ε medium of low-loss in the amphiorentation antenna seal inductance wear meander line prolong the accurate logarithm period plate aerial of oscillator 8 font directionality of the antenna main lobe directionality of medium wave and middle long wave and the extraordinarily long manganese-zinc ferrite body antenna of many segment of double realize ± 15 ° horizontal plane antenna location, and utilization can carry out the received signal measuring polarization characteristics at the vertical direction half-twist; And utilize triangulation location at a distance of 2 placement antennas of certain distance, measure respectively the source with 2 between the length of line between angle and 2 of line, the orientation of obtaining coal-bed gas radio radiation source reaches the length of normal of line between 2 o'clock.Among the figure, the 1st, 16 road flame proof handling cables of external magnetic antenna; The 2nd, external plate aerial flame proof is carried coaxial cable; The 3rd, the loading colour coding inductance of its extended line of connection plate aerial Zhi Ganyu; The 4th, the extended line of plate aerial Zhi Gan; The 5th, the trunk of accurate logarithm periodic antenna and Zhi Gan; The 6th, the medium wave ferrite bar that forms by two sections splicing of external magnetic antenna; The 7th, 16 of coiling sections coils on the ferrite bar;
The key technical indexes of above equipment is:
Modulation system coal-bed gas radio radiation receiving system: sensitivity≤0.2 ° K (τ=2S, Δ f ≈ 7MHz), gain stability ± 0.33%/per hour, frequency bandwidth 1KHz～7MHz (3db), frequency bandwidth controlled range 10KHz～7MHz, input noise factor 2db (representative value), complete machine gain 120～140db, program-controlled gain ranging 70db, complete machine output voltage>=± 1V;
Total power formula coal-bed gas radio radiation receiving system: sensitivity≤0.5 ° K (τ=1S, Δ f=7MHz), gain stability≤± 2%/per 10 minutes, frequency bandwidth 1KHz～7MHz (3db), frequency bandwidth controlled range 10KHz～7MHz, noise factor 3db (representative value), complete machine gain 100～120db, AGC control range>=60db, complete machine output voltage>=± 1V;
High intermediate frequency heterodyne sweep-frequency B coal-bed gas radio radiation frequency spectrum receiving system: frequency sweep frequency bandwidth>=5KHz～1.3MHz (3db), moment passband ≈ 1KHz-5KHz (can select), noise factor≤4db (representative value), complete machine gain～100db, full frequency band frequency sweep time～1-12S (can select), IF rejection ratio>=25db, complete machine output voltage>=± 1V;
Clamp on Embedded CPU data processing center control display devices: single board computers, onboard CPU AMD LX800 clocked at 500MHz, RAM 512MB, Memory 8G, can run WIN XP operating system, A / D 12bit 100KHz, D / A 12bit33KHz, 6.4-inch TFT LCD color display, with RS232, RJ45 interface, with complete control and regulation data processing program stored alarm software;
Stabilized voltage power supply: explosion-proof chargeable battery group, support whole system 8 continuous throughout the twenty-four hour24s, accurate stabilized voltage power supply voltage stability ≈ 10 at least -6, ripple and noise voltage ≯ 0.33mVp_p (50Hz-20MHz);
Long and medium wave directional antenna group: plate aerial; But working band >=1KHz～1.5MHz, center band gain >=6db, center band antenna main lobe half-power width ≈ ± 15 °; Ferrite antenna, but working band 10KHz～1MHz, can divide the mechanical tuning of 64 sections frequency range Single-chip Controlling;
The detailed operation principle of the said equipment is following:
1, modulation system coal-bed gas radio radiation receiving system operation principle: the signal that is come by antenna gets into low insertion loss (＜0.2db by antennal interface; 0～7MHz) three port video modulator; After the 12.5Hz square-wave frequency modulation; Get into low noise J-FET video preamplifier (Nf:2db, Gmax:37db); This amplifier is for reducing 1/f noise and high frequency white noise and reducing dc shift, and the first order has adopted low noise J-FET differential pair tube to do the difference amplification and with transistor pipe constituted constant-current source, and the second level has adopted low noise J-FET differential pair tube to make the difference source follower equally.For the high frequency that makes the output DC level be bordering on zero level and compensation FET differential amplifier descends; Adopted the high cmrr appearance that constitutes by two high-speed wideband low noise double operationals and four ± 0.1% high-accuracy resistance with amplifying circuit and frequency compensation in addition, obtained almost flat response and mv level output offset from 0～6.5MHz.Signal after the amplification gets into multi-octave BREATHABLE BANDWIDTH amplifier; For reducing back level noise, the first order still adopts high-speed wideband low noise amplifier, and the two or three grade is the BREATHABLE BANDWIDTH circuit on basis with the analog multiplier for what be with frequency feedback; The fourth stage is the buffering emitter follower; Can obtain fh (3db) from the adjustable LPF regulating effect of 10KHz～14MHz, but but also computer program control of hand adjustment, gain G max:12db.For regulating output level and isolating back level influence, add film at its output and isolated attenuator, its attenuation can be selected between 10～30db.Disturb in order to suppress to decide the frequency long wave; Suppress for the rowland that knows-C navigation 100KHz, unknown long-wave communication 10KHz, 15KHz; The second order that is made up of high-speed wideband low noise double operational three that the spy has added these three frequencies is active band stop filter frequently; Because the even-order harmonic of the synchronous phase detector of this modulation system receiver suppresses ability, disturb first-harmonic to be with for 50Hz (12.5 * 4) civil power and prevent system.For isolate and compensate loss and the mismatch of active filter special add the broadband buffer amplifier that one-level high-speed wideband low noise amplifier constitutes (Δ f:0-60MHz, Gmax:6db).Be exactly the adjustable gain master video amplifier afterwards; It has two characteristics: the one, have the overshoot cut-off circuit that constitutes by the broadband cmos analog switch; Controlled by overshoot excision control signal, when the excision modulator switch is closed because of repeatedly the beat shake waveform in the square wave envelope forward position of causing of dry-reed contact; The 2nd, having with the analog multiplier is the adjustable gain circuit on basis, receives the embedded type CPU program control also can be manual, gain variation range reaches+and 35db～-35db.High-end 20～the 30MHz that reaches of main amplifier passband, Gmax can reach 60db.Connect the two differential pair tube multiplication of voltage wave detectors of low temperature drift behind the main amplifier; By being encapsulated in the band temperature-compensating that the two differential pair tubes of a silicon crystal triode in the shell constitute and the multiplication of voltage detecting circuit of silicon diode starting voltage compensation, the effective input voltage range of its detection can be from 10～750mV.The video direct current amplifier that the wideband low noise amplifier of regulating for the band output offset thereafter constitutes can be regulated output offset and is≤1mV when no input voltage.About 3 times of voltage gain.Send into the synchronous integration circuit that constitutes by two broadbands cmos analog switch and wideband low noise amplifier through looking after putting; It drives with modulated square wave synchronous; Can greatly suppress and nonsynchronous interference of modulated square wave and noise signal, strengthen the antijamming capability of modulation system radiation receiving equipment greatly.Signal is sent into the locking phase detecting circuit of two broadband cmos analog switches and wideband low noise amplifier formation after synchronous integration; With the synchronous control signal effect of modulated square wave under; Under the modulated square wave envelope, demodulate useful signal; Through the direct current signal of a representative antennas input signal strength of active integrator accumulation back output, deliver to first A/D input of embedded type CPU again.
2, total power formula coal-bed gas radio radiation receiving equipment operation principle: by the next signal of the many segmented antenna of lengthening ferrite;, the multichannel antennal interface sends into the signal that comes by antenna after getting into 64 the tuning frequency primary election of multiple spot low insertion loss wideband video switching regulator mechanical tuning circuit by the control of outer single-chip microcomputer front end Frequency Selection Controller synchronously by antennal interface entering low noise J-FET video preamplifier (Nf:2db, Gmax:37db); This amplifier is for reducing 1/f noise and high frequency white noise and reducing dc shift; The first order has adopted low noise J-FET differential pair tube to do the difference amplification and with transistor pipe has been constituted constant-current source, and the second level has adopted low noise J-FET differential pair tube to make the difference source follower equally.For the high frequency that makes the output DC level be bordering on zero level and compensation J-FET differential amplifier descends; Adopted the high cmrr appearance that constitutes by two high-speed wideband low noise double operationals and four ± 0.1% high-accuracy resistance with amplifying circuit and frequency compensation in addition, obtained almost flat response and mv level output offset from 0～6.5MHz.Signal after the amplification gets into multi-octave BREATHABLE BANDWIDTH amplifier; For reducing back level noise, the first order still adopts high-speed wideband low noise amplifier, and the two or three grade is the BREATHABLE BANDWIDTH circuit on basis with the analog multiplier for what be with frequency feedback; The fourth stage is the buffering emitter follower; Can obtain fh (3db) from the adjustable LPF regulating effect of 10KHz～14MHz, but but also computer program control of hand adjustment, gain G max:12db.For regulating output level and isolating back level influence, add film at its output and isolated attenuator, its attenuation can be selected between 10～30db.Disturb in order to suppress to decide the frequency long wave; Disturb first-harmonic to suppress for the rowland that knows-C navigation 100KHz, unknown long-wave communication 10KHz, 15KHz and 50Hz civil power, the second order four that is made up of high-speed wideband low noise double operational that the spy has added these four frequencies is active band stop filter frequently.For isolate and compensate loss and the mismatch of active filter special add the broadband buffer amplifier that one-level high-speed wideband low noise amplifier constitutes (Δ f:0-60MHz, Gmax:6db).Be exactly the program-controlled main video amplifier of AGC afterwards; It has the carrier level detecting circuit and is the analog multiplier formula automatic gain control circuit of the comparator control on basis with the fiduciary level; Also can receive the embedded type CPU program control, gain variation range reaches+35db～-35db.High-end 20～the 30MHz that reaches of main amplifier passband, Gmax can reach 60db.Connect the two differential pair tube multiplication of voltage wave detectors of low temperature drift behind the main amplifier; By being encapsulated in the band temperature-compensating that the two differential pair tubes of a silicon crystal triode in the shell constitute and the multiplication of voltage detecting circuit of silicon diode starting voltage compensation, the effective input voltage range of its detection can be from 10～750mV.The video direct current amplifier that the wideband low noise amplifier of regulating for the band output offset thereafter constitutes can be regulated output offset and is≤1mV when no input voltage.About 6 times of voltage gain.Through looking the direct current signal of sending into the representative antennas input signal strength of active integrator accumulation back output that 10 times of voltage gains are arranged that constitutes with the wideband low noise amplifier after putting, deliver to second A/D input of embedded type CPU.
3, high intermediate frequency heterodyne sweep-frequency B coal-bed gas radio radiation frequency spectrum receiving equipment operation principle: the signal that is come by antenna gets into low noise J-FET video preamplifier (Nf:2db, Gmax:37db) by antennal interface; This amplifier is for reducing 1/f noise and high frequency white noise and reducing dc shift; The first order has adopted low noise J-FET differential pair tube to do the difference amplification and with transistor pipe has been constituted constant-current source, and the second level has adopted low noise J-FET differential pair tube to make the difference source follower equally.For the high frequency that makes the output DC level be bordering on zero level and compensation J-FET differential amplifier descends; Adopted the high cmrr appearance that constitutes by two high-speed wideband low noise double operationals and the high-accuracy resistance of four error≤± 0.1% with amplifying circuit and frequency compensation in addition, obtained almost flat response and mv level output offset from 0～6.5MHz.Signal after the amplification has adopted low pass filter for the high-frequency signal that reduces beyond the frequency spectrograph working band causes high order difference frequency scattering frequency spectrum component, and (3db) 1.4MHz is to the 1.7MHz 25db that can decay for fh.Insert thereafter the broadband buffer amplifier that secondary high-speed wideband low noise amplifier constitutes (Δ f:0-60MHz, Gmax:26db).Disturb in order to suppress to decide the frequency long wave; Long-wave communication 15KHz for the rowland that knows-C navigation 100KHz, the unknown; The second order dual frequency active band stop filter that is made up of high-speed wideband low noise double operational that the spy has added this frequency suppresses, and disturbs first-harmonic because of beyond frequency spectrograph low side operating frequency, can not considering as for 10KHz and 50Hz civil power.For regulating output level and isolating back level influence, add film at its output and isolated attenuator, its attenuation can be selected between 10～30db.Be exactly the multi-octave broadband mixer afterwards; It is 1.7MHz that this machine is got high intermediate frequency, just in time between medium wave broadcast wave band and short wave communication wave band, disturbs for reducing intermediate frequency; Insert high Q intermediate frequency LC ripple device at the mixing input, the inhibition of the high intermediate frequency of 1.7MHz is reached 25db.Connect preposition high intermediate frequency amplifier behind the frequency mixer with 1.7MHz; After isolating, the unity gain amplifier that constitutes via the wideband low noise amplifier sends into the high if bandpas filter of 1.7MHz lumped parameter LC (Δ f ≈ 100KHz), for further compression passband has adopted the high intermediate frequency quartz-crystal filter of 1.7MHz (Δ f ≈ 1-5KHz, the inhibition of 30KHz place >=25db).After the brilliant filter is rearmounted high intermediate frequency amplifier, is the expansion out-put dynamic range, is inserting 4 times of in-phase amplifiers that the big dynamically amplifier in one-level broadband constitutes thereafter again as high intermediate frequency buffer amplifier.Amplification gain Gmax can reach 50db in the mixing.Connect the two differential pair tube multiplication of voltage wave detectors of low temperature drift after putting in the mixing; By being encapsulated in the band temperature-compensating that the two differential pair tubes of a silicon crystal triode in the shell constitute and the multiplication of voltage detecting circuit of silicon diode starting voltage compensation, the effective input voltage range of its detection can be from 10～750mV.The video direct current amplifier that the wideband low noise amplifier of regulating for the band output offset thereafter constitutes can be regulated output offset and is≤1mV when no input voltage.About 6 times of voltage gain.Through look put after the direct current signal of a representative antennas input spectrum intensity of output, deliver to the 3rd A/D input of embedded type CPU.The frequency sweep local oscillator of frequency spectrograph is produced by DDS Direct Digital synthesized signal generator; The step-scan pattern; Embedded type CPU control external trigger is synchronous, and reference frequency output 1.705～3MHz (corresponding receive frequency range 10KHz～1.3MHz), step-scan spacing frequency 5-25KHz; Step-scan about 0.05-0.2S blanking time (can select), about 1-12S of full frequency band frequency sweep time (can select).For reducing output distortion and reducing high order beat and the mutual distortion component that optical mixing process produces, output amplitude pact+13dbm.For further reducing high-order component and the digital noise in the local oscillator output; Used the 10db film to isolate high pass filter and the local oscillator buffer amplifier of the LPF of attenuator, 3.1MHz, 3db film isolation attenuator, 1.66MHz at DDS Direct Digital synthesized signal generator output; Band is outer to be suppressed more than the 25db; Make like this second harmonic in the DDS generator output signal (>=3.4MHz) and high-order component suppress 25db at least, and the digital quantization noise in the DDS generator output signal has also obtained effective inhibition.Thereby improved to a great extent that frequency spectrum mixes, crossover and phase noise, improved the frequency spectrum display effect and also reduced the lower limit that frequency spectrum receives signal and promptly improved the frequency spectrum receiving sensitivity.
4, Clamp on Embedded CPU data processing center control display devices works: using Advantech industrial production WAFER-LX-800-type 3.5-inch board industrial computer, onboard AMD LX-800 portable low-power CPU, frequency 500MHz, TDP ≤ 6W (standby power consumption of 1.4W), onboard memory, 512MB SDRAM, external 8GB CF card, you can run Windows XP operating system.Display is the colored TFT LCD of 6.4 inch, and resolution is 640 * 480,260,000 looks, and brightness is 300cd/m 2, contrast 120: 1.The conversion interface has adopted PCM-3718HD 12bit 100KHzA/D and PCLD-780 modulus signal keyset, and PCM-3712 12bit 33KHzD/A and ADAM-3909 digital and analogue signals keyset.Workflow is asked for an interview accompanying drawing 6, and this is full machine work main program, still has less important programs such as LO preset module, initialization module, status control module, interruption subroutine will embed arrangement, does not give unnecessary details here.
5, stabilized power supply device operation principle: explosion-proof rechargeable Ni-H 2 battery group is+15V ,+8V ,+8V ,-totally 4 groups of 8V; Capacity is 10AH; Every group of load current is respectively about 0.8A, 1A, 1.2A, 0.5A; Attach 4 groups of constant pressure and flow Ni-MH battery charger chargings in addition, but full charge continuous operation later on is more than 8 hours.4 the tunnel (+12V ,+5V ,+5V ,-5V) stability＜100,000/ accurate stabilized voltage power supply be the single-stage voltage stabilizing.Adopt the above amplifier of open-loop gain 120db to adjust amplifier.The required positive and negative voltage supplied of amplifier by positive and negative piezoelectricity pond boost Voltage stabilizing module after EMI filtering again through positive and negative three terminal regulator supply; + 18V and-15V power supply stability all is superior to ± 0.5% * ± 1%=± 0.005%; The a reference source of+12V power supply is through the low noise 6V of the special band temperature-compensating of selecting voltage-stabiliser tube; The a reference source of+5V power supply is that 6V obtains through high-accuracy electric resistance partial pressure; A reference source all with supply amplifier power supply+the 18V power supply, a reference source is superior to ± 0.005% * 0.02=± 0.0001% stability that cell voltage changes, temperature coefficient is superior to 10ppm.Be to reduce power supply output internal resistance, 4 groups of circuit of this pressurizer all adopt the output of 4 line systems, and the laod stability of output port reaches ± and 0.001%.Use for being fit to the down-hole, full machine does not adopt the Fuse Type fuse, all adopts overcurrent self-shield resistance.4 tunnel stabilized voltage power supplys all contain over-current limit circuit.To reduce the analog circuits and digital circuits crosstalk between the two groups, respectively, +5 V power supply into the receiving part and Clamp on type CPU section.-5V power supply and supply receiving unit+the 5V power supply adopts ± 0.1% high-accuracy resistance to follow the tracks of voltage stabilizing, in case+the also no-voltage output of 5V power supply decompression-5V power supply, protected the safety of the integrated circuit of positive negative pressure power supply preferably.
6, high-gain long and medium wave directional antenna group operation principle: this antenna sets is a double antenna, and inductance wears the high ε medium of low-loss and seals logarithm period plate aerial and the many segmented antenna of double lengthening ferrite.Plate aerial is the 0.5M external diameter, but works fine adopts the folding oscillator can work in the 4M wave band again in the 2M wave band in theory; Inductance can work in the 8-12M wave band after loading; After the outside was sealed and reached the medium of 8000-10000 with low-loss ε, can work in the 1000M wave band was about 300KHz, on low frequency more, connect according to whip antenna work to reach λ/20; Then after efficient reduces, can work about 60KHz, can only sense about 1KHz certainly.Reach the ferrite antenna of 40cm as for length, as the resonant tank 10KHz that can work, but in fact have the frequency range of 8 font antenna patterns to estimate can only arrive about the about 150KHz of long wave broadcast band, down its 8 font antenna pattern is just not obvious again.
Among Figure 12, the A/D sampling order is S1 S2 D1 S3 S4 S5 S6 P1 S7 S8, wherein Sn: refer to frequency spectrograph data (n=1-8), D1: refer to enlightening gram appearance data, P1: refer to total power appearance data; And the processes and displays mode of its dateout is: Dout: each second is once also storage demonstration on average; Pout: each second is once also storage demonstration on average; Sout: be the Smax among S1, S2, S3, S4 or S5, S6, S7, the S8, per 4 data are handled once and storage shows;
Figure 13 is that coal-bed gas radio radiation receiving equipment software D/A initialization is provided with block diagram;
Figure 14 is a coal-bed gas radio radiation receiving equipment software interrupt subroutine module block diagram.
The present invention is used for the embodiment that coal mine underground coal bed gas radio radiation source is measured:
1, measures and to have or not the gas radio radiation: will include the driving face (generally being the working face centre position) that the coal-bed gas radio receiving system that has flameproof enclosure of totally 6 equipment is transported to the colliery; Plate aerial and ferrite antenna are aimed at rib; Export and the frequency spectrograph three all has indication like modulation and total power, then show to have received signal.
2, judge to be gas radio radiation signal: left rotation and right rotation plate aerial and ferrite antenna are observed modulation and total power output reading and the frequency spectrograph demonstration on the LCD simultaneously at leisure; The strongest when confirming whether to aim at rib; In this way, then be from the coal-bed gas radio radiation mostly; Otherwise, be that interference or antenna radiation pattern have problem mostly.
3, measure gas orientation, radio radiation source and distance: will include the end A point that the coal-bed gas radio receiving system that has flameproof enclosure of totally 6 equipment is transported to the driving face in colliery; Baby compass on the nationality antenna is confirmed the angle [alpha] that the output maximum in source is surveyed; Move the other end B point of driving face again to and measure angle beta in accordance with the law; If the AB distance is L, then the source is r=tg α tg β/tg α+tg β to the vertical distance of L.
4, the measured gas radio radiation source temperature: will contain a total of six devices with flameproof enclosure seam gas transported to the radio receiving system heading face to mine the intersection of L and r is the nearest point from the gas source on the position of the antenna aligned source, wait a moment (due Clamp on Embedded CPU to perform an automatic adjustment calculation) can be viewed on the LCD of the radiation source and the spectral peak temperature values corresponding frequency value (must be through hot and cold source calibration and orofacial scaling and the machine placed in the "programmed" rather than manual position).
5, continue the variation and the early warning coal watt outburst danger in monitoring coal-bed gas radio radiation source: the emission types (stable state, unstable state, change 、 Pu Mine fast move) of roughly judging gas radio radiation source; And by continuing to monitor whether total power output reading increases fast and whether frequency spectrum Shu Chu Pu Mine moves to high-end; Judge that gas radio radiation source region geology changes severe; As three's (modulation, total power, frequency spectrum) all strengthen fast and with the Pu Mine to high-end situation of movement, then the machine buzzer that will glimmer automatically sends early warning sound.
6, boring actual measurement gas pressure set up radiation temperature, hang down apart from, ature of coal and gas pressure relation: in the vertical boring of measuring, take a sample and measure gas pressure in the laboratory apart from the place; In conjunction with ature of coal, hang down distance, radiation temperature opening relationships formula and Mathematical Modeling, might directly on LCD, show gas pressure.
7, go up well work shift data of playback and deposit on the mass computing work station later on; Carry out integrated treatment behind the accumulation several times; Obtain the steady state of radiation temperature in gas radio radiation source, obtain the Boltzmann temperature and the reverse interpretation gas enrichment region physical state in gas radio radiation source in conjunction with geologic data and gas appearance measured data.

Claims (5)

1. coal bed gas radio spectrum direction-finding early warning system; It is characterized in that the coal-bed gas pressure measuring method in chopped radiation meter method, total power radiometer method, heterodyne frequency spectrograph method, absolute calibration method and the coal mine geology in this system synthesis application Radio Astronomical Methods; Radiation temperature, relative intensity, transmitted spectrum and the radiation source orientation and the polarization in the gas radio radiation source in the mensuration coal rock layer under the different antennae orientation and the elevation angle; Orientation, gas pressure size and the variation thereof of nationality to measure gas enrichment region in the coal rock layer, early warning coal watt outburst danger; Be provided with and comprise:
Radio astronomy chopped radiation receiving subsystem receives gas enrichment region gas radio stable state and unstable state radiation temperature signal in the coal rock layer through it, and nationality is to measure coal-bed gas pressure;
Radio astronomy total power radiation receiving subsystem receives the radio unstable state of gas enrichment region gas and fast-changing radiation intensity and form signals in the coal rock layer by it, and nationality is to differentiate gas radio radiation type and the rate of change surveyed;
Radio astronomy spectrum radiation receiving subsystem receives the radio unstable state of gas enrichment region gas and fast-changing spoke radio-frequency spectrum Mine value in coal rock layer and to the drift of front end through it, and nationality is watt outstanding with the early warning coal;
Long and medium wave directional antenna group; The signal of above-mentioned three kinds of receptions is passed through the rotation and the displacement of both sides tropism's antenna through it; Acquisition is peaked coincideing under the different antennae orientation and the elevation angle; Through trigonometric calculations, measure polarization, orientation, the elevation angle and the length of normal of gas enrichment region again, to confirm the distance of gas enrichment region to antenna;
Through the coal-bed gas pressure method of measurement in radio astronomy absolute calibration method and the coal mine geology; With the output conversion of signals that shows is the gas enrichment region aerial radiation temperature that antenna is received; After the gas pressure of the radio wave loss coefficient of knowing the unit length coal seam and coal-bed gas enrichment region; Be gas pressure with the aerial radiation temperature transition again, just can show and read gas pressure from instrument.
2. coal bed gas radio spectrum direction-finding early warning system according to claim 1 is characterized in that:
Radio astronomy chopped radiation receiving subsystem is provided with modulation system coal-bed gas radio radiation receiving system, contains broadband beam antenna interface, three port video modulators, low noise video preamplifier, multi-octave BREATHABLE BANDWIDTH amplifier, optional film isolation attenuator, three active bandstop filter, broadband buffer amplifier, the adjustable gain master video amplifier, the two differential pair tube multiplication of voltage wave detectors of low temperature drift, video dc amplifier, synchronous integrator, synchronous phase detector, active integrator, lock phase synchronization signal generator, multichannel cmos buffer device and overshoot excision control signal delay circuit frequently; Get into the signal input port of three port video modulators through the broad-band antenna interface by the next aerial signal of broadband beam antenna; Another input port of three port video modulators connects 50 Ω terminate loads; The driving square wave input of three port video modulators is received wherein one road delivery outlet of multichannel cmos buffer device 7 road synchronous square-wave signals output; Aerial signal after the square wave modulation is received the input of low noise video preamplifier by the signal output port of three port video modulators; The output of low noise video preamplifier is received the signal input part of multi-octave BREATHABLE BANDWIDTH amplifier; The program control signal input of multi-octave BREATHABLE BANDWIDTH amplifier receive embedded type CPU 3 road D/A output one of modulation bandwidth programme-control voltage output, the signal output part of BREATHABLE BANDWIDTH amplifier is received the input that optional film is isolated attenuator, optional film is isolated the attenuator output and is received three inputs of active bandstop filter frequently; The output of the active bandstop filter of three frequencies is received the input of broadband buffer amplifier; The output of broadband buffer amplifier is received the signal input part of the adjustable gain master video amplifier, and the driving square wave input of the overshoot cut-off circuit of the adjustable gain master video amplifier is received the output of overshoot excision control signal delay circuit, the adjustable gain program control signal input of the adjustable gain master video amplifier receive embedded type CPU 3 road D/A output one of modulation gain programme-control voltage output; The output of the adjustable gain master video amplifier is received the input of the two differential pair tube multiplication of voltage wave detectors of low temperature drift; The output of the two differential pair tube multiplication of voltage wave detectors of low temperature drift is received the input of video dc amplifier, and the output of video dc amplifier is received the signal input part of synchronous integrator, and the two-phase of synchronous integrator drives the delivery outlet that the square wave input is received the wherein two-way of multichannel cmos buffer device; The signal output part of synchronous integrator is received the synchronous phase detector signal input part; The two-phase of synchronous phase detector drives the delivery outlet that the square wave input is received the wherein two-way of multichannel cmos buffer device 7 road synchronous square-wave signals output, and the signal output part of synchronous phase detector is received the input of active integrator; Direct current signal through a representative antennas input signal strength of output behind the active integrator integration; The output of active integrator is received first A/D input port of embedded type CPU, i.e. modulation-demodulation signal input port, and all modulated square wave signals produce by lock phase synchronization signal generator; The square wave output of lock phase synchronization signal generator is received the input of multichannel cmos buffer device; The reference signal input of lock phase synchronization signal generator is received the lock phase reference signal delivery outlet of embedded type CPU, and multichannel cmos buffer device has the output of 7 road CMOS level synchronization square-wave signals, and wherein 2 tunnel two-phases of receiving synchronous integrator drive the square wave input; 2 tunnel two-phases of receiving synchronous phase detector drive the square wave input; 2 tunnel two-phases of receiving synchronous integrator drive the square wave input in addition, also have 2 tunnel two-phases of receiving overshoot cut-off circuit control signal delay circuit to drive square wave input, last 1 tunnel driving square wave input of receiving three port video modulators;
Radio astronomy total power radiation receiving subsystem is provided with total power formula coal-bed gas radio radiation receiving system, contains many segmented antenna interface, wideband video switching regulator mechanical tuning circuit, outer single-chip microcomputer front end Frequency Selection Controller synchronously, low noise video preamplifier, multi-octave BREATHABLE BANDWIDTH amplifier, optional film isolation attenuator, four active bandstop filter, broadband buffer amplifier, the program-controlled main video amplifier of AGC, the two differential pair tube multiplication of voltage wave detectors of low temperature drift, video dc amplifier and active integrator frequently; The multichannel aerial signal that is come by many segmented ferrites antenna gets into wideband video switching regulator mechanical tuning circuit through many segmented antenna interface; The signal output part of this wideband video switching regulator mechanical tuning circuit is delivered to the aerial signal of a certain frequency of selecting the input of low noise video preamplifier; Wideband video switching regulator mechanical tuning circuit is by the control of outer single-chip microcomputer front end Frequency Selection Controller synchronously; The outer external synchronization signal input of single-chip microcomputer front end Frequency Selection Controller is synchronously received the single-chip microcomputer external synchronization signal delivery outlet of embedded type CPU; The output of low noise video preamplifier is received multi-octave BREATHABLE BANDWIDTH amplifier input terminal; The optional film of the output of multi-octave BREATHABLE BANDWIDTH amplifier is isolated the input of attenuator; The output of optional film isolation attenuator is received the input of four frequency source bandstop filters; The output of the active bandstop filter of four frequencies is received the input of broadband buffer amplifier; The output of broadband buffer amplifier is received the signal input part of the program-controlled main video amplifier of AGC; The signal output part of the program-controlled main video amplifier of AGC is received the input of the two differential pair tube multiplication of voltage wave detectors of low temperature drift, the program control signal input of the program-controlled main video amplifier of AGC receive embedded type CPU 3 road D/A output one of total power gain procedure control voltage output end, the output of the two differential pair tube multiplication of voltage wave detectors of low temperature drift is received the input of video dc amplifier; The output of video dc amplifier is received the input of active integrator; The direct current signal of a representative antennas input signal strength of output behind the active integrator integration, the output of active integrator is received second A/D input of embedded type CPU, i.e. total power restituted signal input port;
Radio astronomy spectrum radiation receiving subsystem is provided with high intermediate frequency heterodyne sweep-frequency B coal-bed gas radio radiation frequency spectrum receiving system, contains broadband beam antenna interface, low noise video preamplifier, low pass filter, broadband buffer amplifier, optional film isolation attenuator, dual frequency active bandstop filter, multi-octave frequency mixer, preposition high intermediate frequency amplifier, high if bandpas filter, high intermediate frequency quartz-crystal filter, the high intermediate frequency amplifier of back level, high intermediate frequency buffer amplifier, the two differential pair tube multiplication of voltage wave detectors of low temperature drift, video dc amplifier, integrator, program-controlled DDS Direct Digital synthetic local oscillation signal generator, high-pass filter and local oscillator buffer amplifier; By the next aerial signal of broadband beam antenna; Receive the input of low noise video preamplifier through the broadband beam antenna interface; The output of low noise video preamplifier is received the input of low pass filter; The output of low pass filter is received the input of broadband buffer amplifier, and the output termination film of broadband buffer amplifier is isolated the input of attenuator, and the output of film isolation attenuator is received the input of dual frequency active bandstop filter; The output of active bandstop filter is received the signal input part of multi-octave broadband mixer, inserts high Q intermediate frequency LC ripple device at the signal input part of multi-octave broadband mixer; The local oscillator input of multi-octave broadband mixer is received the output of local oscillator buffer amplifier; High intermediate frequency signal output part after the frequency conversion of multi-octave broadband mixer is received the input of preposition high intermediate frequency amplifier; The output of preposition high intermediate frequency amplifier is received the input of the high if bandpas filter of lumped parameter; The output of high if bandpas filter is received the input of high intermediate frequency quartz-crystal filter; The output of quartz-crystal filter is received the input of rearmounted high intermediate frequency amplifier; The output of rearmounted high intermediate frequency amplifier is received the input of big dynamic high intermediate frequency buffer amplifier; The output of high intermediate frequency buffer amplifier is received the input of the two differential pair tube multiplication of voltage wave detectors of low temperature drift; The output of the two differential pair tube multiplication of voltage wave detectors of low temperature drift is received the input of video dc amplifier, obtains the direct current signal of a representative antennas input spectrum intensity behind the output process integrator integration noise suppression of video dc amplifier, delivers to the 3rd A/D input of embedded type CPU; It is frequency spectrum restituted signal input port; The frequency sweep local oscillator of frequency spectrograph is produced by program-controlled DDS Direct Digital synthesized signal generator, and the external trigger synchronous signal input end of program-controlled DDS Direct Digital synthesized signal generator is received the local oscillator external trigger synchronizing signal delivery outlet of embedded type CPU, and the local oscillator output of program-controlled DDS Direct Digital synthesized signal generator is received the input that the 10db film is isolated attenuator; The output of film isolation attenuator is received the input of low pass filter; The output of low pass filter is isolated the input that attenuator is received high-pass filter through the 3db film, and the output of high-pass filter is received the input of local oscillator buffer amplifier, and the output of local oscillator buffer amplifier is received the local oscillator input of multi-octave broadband mixer;
System also is provided with
Su goes into formula CPU center control data processes and displays device: veneer CPU, 512MDDR internal memory and the 8G CF card memory, the 12bit 100KHz16 that contain operation WIN XP operating system select 1 A/D converter, 3 road 12bit 33KHzD/A converters, LCD display and corresponding A/D, D/A change-over panel and corresponding I/O interface;
Explosion-proof rechargeable Ni-H 2 battery group and stabilized voltage power supply: comprise+15V ,+8V ,+8V ,-8V; 4 groups of rechargeable Ni-H 2 battery groups and corresponding 4 groups of constant pressure and flow Ni-MH battery chargers and+12V ,+5V ,+5V ,-5V, 4 tunnel stabilized voltage power supplys and corresponding EMI protection, filtering, decouple, overheated, overcurrent, short-circuit protection circuit.
3. coal bed gas radio spectrum direction-finding early warning system according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: said both sides tropism's aerial system seals the accurate logarithm period plate aerial in broadband by the high ε medium of inductance loading low-loss that is installed together and Single-chip Controlling can the many segmented antenna of the extraordinarily long ferrite of the section of satisfying switch dual be formed amphiorentation reception antenna group jointly; Both all have directionality in high-end, middle-end, the low and middle-end of frequency acceptance band; Utilize the high ε medium of inductance loading low-loss in the amphiorentation antenna to seal the accurate logarithm period plate aerial in broadband in the antenna main lobe directionality of medium wave and middle long wave and 8 font directionality of double many segmentations of lengthening ferrite broad-band antenna; Be as the criterion with the antenna plane normal; Each choosing a bit on the preceding both sides of face; Rotary antenna is found out the length of line between angle and of line between antenna plane and of coal-bed gas radio radiation peak response value at 2 at 2 separately; The orientation that can obtain coal-bed gas radio radiation source reaches the length of normal of line between 2 o'clock, thereby can confirm the distance of gas radio radiation source to antenna.
4. coal bed gas radio spectrum direction-finding early warning system according to claim 2; It is characterized in that: radio astronomy absolute calibration method adopts Cooling and Heat Source calibration and the calibration of antenna actinal surface; Modulation system coal-bed gas radio radiation receiving system is received end face Cooling and Heat Source absolute calibration and antenna actinal surface Cooling and Heat Source absolute calibration and standard antenna comparison; To measure the coal-bed gas radio radiation temperature that antenna is received; Confirm the distance of gas radio radiation source through 2 direction findings again to antenna and gas radio radiation; Obtain coal seam unit length attenuation coefficient through actual measurement, calculate the radiant flux in gas source itself, and then cooperate the coal-bed gas pressure method of measurement in the coal mine geology promptly to seal the pressure that the gas source is surveyed in boring; Obtain the pressure dependence of radiant flux and gas source under a certain geology and the coal seam conditions, show the direct-reading gas pressure from instrument.
5. according to claim 2 or 3 or 4 described coal bed gas radio spectrum direction-finding early warning systems; It is characterized in that: modulation system coal-bed gas radio radiation receiving system, total power formula coal-bed gas radio radiation receiving system and high intermediate frequency heterodyne sweep-frequency B coal-bed gas radio radiation frequency spectrum receiving system are contained in same flame proof iron and close the interior common signal that receives from same radiation source of triple channel that constitutes; Its different received system, gain, bandwidth, the time of integration and display mode; Handle to realize suppressing effectively to disturb and observation useful signal form and parameter and adopt high intermediate frequency heterodyne sweep-frequency B frequency spectrograph to receive and analyze to show coal-bed gas radio radiation frequency spectrum through embedded type CPU, and monitor it and compose the Mine value frequently to high-end the moving with as early warning coal watt outstanding important evidence of frequency.
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