CN101805812A - Method for refining metal and preparing building material from mineral - Google Patents

Method for refining metal and preparing building material from mineral Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101805812A
CN101805812A CN201010150925A CN201010150925A CN101805812A CN 101805812 A CN101805812 A CN 101805812A CN 201010150925 A CN201010150925 A CN 201010150925A CN 201010150925 A CN201010150925 A CN 201010150925A CN 101805812 A CN101805812 A CN 101805812A
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building materials
slag
furnace
mineral
prepare
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CN101805812B (en
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李柏荣
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Future energy (Shanghai) Limited
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李柏荣
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/20Recycling

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for refining metal and preparing building material from mineral, including the following steps: (1) mineral is enriched to obtain ore concentrate and tailings, and the tailings is recycled as building material raw material for use; (2) the ore concentrate is smelted, so as to obtain metallurgic product, waste gas, slag and cinder; (3) the waste gas is absorbed and precipitated to obtain precipitate, the precipitate is recycled as building material raw material for use; (4) the cinder is subject to water quenching treatment to obtain water granulated slag, and the water granulated slag is recycled as building material for use; (5) the tailings, precipitate, slag and water granulated slag for use are formed in proportion, so as to obtain building material. The invention has the advantages of environmental protection, energy saving and high energy utilization rate.

Description

A kind of from mineral extracting metals and prepare the method for building materials
Technical field
The present invention relates to the metal extraction techniques field, particularly a kind of from mineral extracting metals and prepare the method for building materials.
Background technology
Metal is the important materials during modernization industry is produced.The metal great majority are to extract from metal-containing minerals through certain technology and equipment to obtain.In Metal smelting technology now, comparatively common is: utilize reductive agent, by being heated to certain temperature and through certain recovery time, metal-containing minerals being reduced, thereby obtain metal.The method of these extracting metals does not all comprise to producing the comprehensive utilization of refuse in the extracting metals process, therefore, this kind extracts metal process, though can refine a certain amount of metal, and meanwhile, also cause huge energy consumption, the wasting of resources, cause pollution physical environment.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to, provide a kind of from mineral extracting metals and prepare the method for building materials, in extracting metals, also the refuse that produces of comprehensive utilization reclaims the preparation material of construction with it.
For solving above technical problem, technical scheme of the present invention is, a kind of from mineral extracting metals and prepare the method for building materials, comprise the steps:
1) mineral is carried out enrichment, obtain concentrate and tailings, reclaim stand-by as the building materials raw material tailings;
2) again concentrate is smelted, obtained metallurgic product, waste gas, slag and slag;
3) to waste gas absorb, precipitation process, obtain throw out, with recycling precipitate, stand-by as the building materials raw material;
4) slag is carried out Water Quenching and obtain grain slag, reclaim grain slag, stand-by as the building materials raw material;
5) stand-by tailings, throw out, slag, grain slag are carried out moulding in proportion, make building materials.
Preferably, described absorption, precipitation process are: to waste gas Ca (OH) 2Solution absorbs, precipitates, and obtains throw out.
Preferably, described absorption, precipitation process also can be: waste gas is absorbed with alkali lye, the process water of discharging is added contain Ca 2+Solution precipitates, and obtains throw out.
Preferably, described alkali lye is Na 2CO 3And NaOH solution; The described Ca that contains 2+Solution is Ca (OH) 2Solution.
Preferably, in the step 4), the part grain slag is ground activation, making the activation grain slag, to be re-used as the building materials raw material stand-by; The part grain slag is carried out fragmentation, make granular grain slag, it is stand-by to be re-used as the building materials raw material.
Preferably, the specific surface area of described activation grain slag is 300m 2/ kg~800m 2/ kg, the median size of described granular grain slag is 1mm~10mm.
Preferably, described enrichment is a beneficiation method: any one or more in high intensity magnetic separation, magnetic separation, gravity treatment, flotation, electric separation, roasting, the leaching.
Preferably, the smelting step 2) is: with concentrate with smelt after metallurgy additive mixes.
Preferably, described smelting is: concentrate is sent in the metallurgical furnace, be heated to predetermined smelting temperature, keep this temperature to continue predetermined tap to tap time, obtain metallurgic product and slag.
Preferably, described metallurgical furnace is any in coal furnace, hotblast stove, fluidizing furnace, Circulation fluidized-bed furnace, chain furnace, tunnel furnace, rotary kiln, rotary hearth furnace, electrothermal oven, resistance furnace, electric arc furnace, converter, intermediate frequency furnace, rotary hearth furnace, the hot stove in ore deposit, blast furnace, electrothermal oven, resistance furnace, coal furnace, gas furnace, the open hearth.
Preferably, also comprise waste heat recovery processing, cool off, heat is reclaimed by heat-conducting medium, be used for dry mineral or generating or add hot water smelting reacted high-temperature flue gas.
Preferably, the water cycle in the production process is used.
Preferably, being shaped in the step 5): extrude, in the briquetting, sintering any.
Preferably, in the step 5), described tailings, grain slag, throw out, slag are in following ratio moulding: 6~8 parts of tailings, 2~5 parts of grain slags, 0.1~0.5 part of throw out, 1~2 part in slag; Wherein, in the grain slag, the activation grain slag is 1~2 part, and granular grain slag is 0~4 part.
Preferably, described building materials are: non-burning brick, aerating brick, materials for wall or vitrified brick.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following advantage:
Mineral are being carried out in each step of metal smelting, by recycling step is set, in metal smelting; the refuse that produces in the smelting process is carried out comprehensive reutilization; reclaim as the raw material used of preparation material of construction, the feedstock production material of construction that recovery is obtained, thus significantly reduce waste discharge; reduce energy dissipation; improve rate of energy, be of value to environment protection simultaneously, also saved production cost; with refuse reclamation, obtain bigger economic benefit.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the present invention's extracting metals and prepare the schema of the method for building materials from mineral;
Fig. 2 is the present invention's extracting metals and prepare the schema of method one preferred embodiment of building materials from mineral.
Embodiment
Basic design of the present invention is, mineral are carried out metal smelting, simultaneously in extractive process by adding the step of recycling refuse, make that in extracting metals refuse can be recovered utilization, the raw material of using as the preparation material of construction prepares building materials.
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples the present invention is further described.
Referring to Fig. 1, of the present invention from mineral extracting metals and prepare the method for building materials raw material, comprising:
S1, mineral are carried out enrichment, obtain concentrate and tailings, reclaim stand-by as the building materials raw material tailings;
S2, concentrate is smelted, obtained metallurgic product, waste gas, slag and slag;
S3, to waste gas absorb, precipitation process, obtain throw out, with recycling precipitate, stand-by as the building materials raw material;
S4, slag is carried out Water Quenching obtain grain slag, reclaim grain slag, stand-by as the building materials raw material;
S5, the tailings with stand-by, throw out, slag, grain slag carry out moulding in proportion, make building materials.
Below be that example elaborates to the present invention to contain tin-iron mine, idiographic flow is referring to Fig. 2:
In this tin-iron mine, wherein tin content is: 0.33%, and iron level is: 14.83%, utilize method of the present invention to handle to this tin-iron mine.
Concrete treatment step is:
1) tin-iron mine is carried out enrichment
Tin-iron mine is carried out enrichment, also is ore dressing.Adopt the wet method high intensity magnetic separation in the present embodiment, the dust that this kind ore dressing mode produces is few, helps environment protection.Concrete ore dressing process is as follows:
The tin-iron mine of handling well is added water stir, make concentration and be 20% ore pulp, ore pulp is pumped into takes off ballast screen and take off slag, then send into intensity magnetic separator again, add water and carry out the wet method high intensity magnetic separation.The high intensity magnetic separation sorting operation of mineral slightly sweeps by one and constitutes, and roughly selects and obtains iron tin collective concentrate.Scan mine tailing and drain into the mine tailing storehouse as true tailings, scavenger concentrate turns back to as chats and roughly selects operation and select, with the tailings that finally obtains as the building materials raw material for standby.The ore dressing mode of this step also can adopt in magnetic separation, gravity treatment, flotation, electric separation, roasting, the leaching any or multiple.
To carry out processed through the concentrate that high intensity magnetic separation obtains: adopt two sections flow processs, first section is to concentrate, and concentrated underflow is pumped to filter and carries out second section dehydration.Filter cake is as the final concentrate powder, and concentrated operation is returned in the filtrate pumping.The overflow water that concentrates operation uses as the ore dressing backwater circulation.
2) concentrate
The refined tin powdered iron ore of handling well is added metallurgy additive smelts.Wherein, metallurgy additive comprises that the good particle diameter of milled processed is that coal particle (reductive agent) and the median size of 1mm~2.5mm is the CaCl of 0.074mm 2(fuming agent), CaCO 3(additive), wherein, the particle diameter of coal particle can be the arbitrary value among 1mm~2.5mm, as 1mm, 1.5mm, 2mm, 2.2mm, 2.5mm, concrete smelting process is as follows:
Refined tin powdered iron ore and metallurgy additive are mixed, stirred after weighing, batching; Material is delivered to nodulizer and is made ball forming behind abundant stirring and evenly mixing; Wherein, refined tin powdered iron ore, coal particle, CaCl in the mixture 2, CaCO 3Weight ratio be 5: 3: 2: 1.
Moulding ore deposit ball evenly is laid on the fuming chassis by material distributing machine, enters in fuming reduction furnace-horizontal type zone heating tunnel furnace.In this kind tunnel furnace, coloured element such as tin reacts with the fuming agent down at 1150 ℃ in the ball of ore deposit, generate lower boiling sn-containing compound, and volatilization enters in the flue gas, non-ferrous metals such as most of tin enter in the flue dust after the flue gas dust collection system, to the processing of cooling off, gather dust of this flue dust, obtain high-load fuming tin product; Ferriferous oxide in the ball of ore deposit progressively reduces, metallizes in the fuming reduction furnace, becomes the iron content pelletizing of high degree of metalization; Then, with the fusing in the electric arc furnace (smelting furnace) of packing into of the iron content pelletizing of high degree of metalization, slag, iron separate after the iron content pellets will, iron liquid is cast iron block through pig-casting machine, become grain slag after the water quenched slag, this grain slag part is broken into the particle that median size is 3mm~8mm after draining is handled, stand-by as the building materials raw material, a part of grain slag grind make after the activation behind the activation grain slag stand-by as the building materials raw material.In this smelting process, the slag of generation is stand-by as the raw material of preparation building materials.
In this method, electric arc furnace places enclosed hood, and dust spasm to the fly-ash separator that flue gas that produces during fusing and weighing room produce is handled, and such design can reduce the dust emissions amount in the production, plays the effect of protection environment.
3) waste gas absorption, precipitation process
In the fuming reduction process, fuming agent-calcium chloride and tin-iron mine reaction, generate volatilizable tin protochloride, after overcooling, collected, waste gas such as also residual more chlorine, hydrogenchloride, oxynitrides, sulfurous gas and part carbon monoxide in flue gas by bagroom.This waste gas is adopted Na 2CO 3Solution, NaOH solution (recycling) are removed the SO in the flue gas by gas, the liquid contact of eluting column absorption fluids 2, Cl 2, HCl, oxides of nitrogen gas.
The process water of discharging from eluting column flows into Ca (OH) 2Solution precipitation pond precipitation through three grades of post precipitations, finally generates the calcium sulfate precipitation thing, and the calcium sulfate of post precipitation is stand-by as the building materials raw material after dewatering.Supernatant liquor is sent into a circulating water pool, and small portion contains Ca + 2, Cl -1Supernatant liquor returns use as the additive of metal reduction reaction.The disposable additional adding NaOH of remaining supernatant liquor squeezes into eluting column by lye pump and reuses as absorption liquid, and flue gas is absorbed processing.In this step, the also available Ca that contains 2+Alkali lye to waste gas directly absorb, precipitation process, contain Ca 2+Alkali lye can be used Ca (OH) 2Solution.
In the fuming furnace flue flue gas-air heat exchanger is set, flue-gas temperature is dropped to 250 ℃, air themperature is heated to 400 ℃ by 20 ℃, and it is combustion-supporting that warm air is delivered to the producer gas of feed chamber dried feed and fuming reduction furnace respectively, also can be used to generating.
4) preparation building materials
Get 6 parts of stand-by tailings, 1 part of grain slag of activation, 2 parts of granular grain slags, 0.3 part of throw out, 1 part of mixing of slag, moulding, obtain non-burning brick.
Can be drawn by the above embodiment that contains tin-iron mine extracting metals and preparation building materials: method of the present invention is in same extracting metals process; extract pink salt and fe; and the waste discharge amount is few in the extractive process; the tailings that produces during ore dressing; the slag that the fuming reduction furnace produces; the slag that produces during melting and reducing carries out the grain slag that obtains after the shrend; throw out-the calcium sulfate that produces when absorbing waste gas all uses as the non-burning brick whole raw materials of preparation; need not remove to buy the non-burning brick starting material of preparation again; the energy utilization rate height; in the protection environment, further increase economic benefit.
Certainly, the present invention is also applicable to limonite, rhombohedral iron ore, magnetite, josephinite, ferrous manganese ore, the comprehensive extraction of chromite, utilization.
Only be preferred implementation of the present invention below, should be pointed out that above-mentioned preferred implementation should not be considered as limitation of the present invention, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with claim institute restricted portion.For those skilled in the art, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (15)

1. an extracting metals and prepare the method for building materials from mineral is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
1) mineral is carried out enrichment, obtain concentrate and tailings, reclaim stand-by as the building materials raw material tailings;
2) again concentrate is smelted, obtained metallurgic product, waste gas, slag and slag;
3) to waste gas absorb, precipitation process, obtain throw out, with recycling precipitate, stand-by as the building materials raw material;
4) slag is carried out Water Quenching and obtain grain slag, reclaim grain slag, stand-by as the building materials raw material;
5) stand-by tailings, throw out, slag, grain slag are carried out moulding in proportion, make building materials.
2. as claimed in claim 1 from mineral extracting metals and prepare the method for building materials, it is characterized in that described absorption, precipitation process are: to waste gas with Ca (OH) 2Solution absorbs, precipitates, and obtains throw out.
3. as claimed in claim 1 from mineral extracting metals and prepare the method for building materials, it is characterized in that described absorption, precipitation process are: waste gas is absorbed with alkali lye, the process water of discharging is added contain Ca 2+Solution precipitates, and obtains throw out.
4. as claimed in claim 3 from mineral extracting metals and prepare the method for building materials, it is characterized in that described alkali lye is Na 2CO 3And NaOH solution; The described Ca that contains 2+Solution is Ca (OH) 2Solution.
5. as claimed in claim 1 from mineral extracting metals and prepare the method for building materials, it is characterized in that in the step 4), the part grain slag is ground activation, making the activation grain slag, to be re-used as the building materials raw material stand-by; The part grain slag is carried out fragmentation, make granular grain slag, it is stand-by to be re-used as the building materials raw material.
6. as claimed in claim 5 from mineral extracting metals and prepare the method for building materials, it is characterized in that the specific surface area of described activation grain slag is 300m 2/ kg~800m 2/ kg, the median size of described granular grain slag is 1mm~10mm.
7. as claimed in claim 1 from mineral extracting metals and prepare the method for building materials, it is characterized in that described enrichment is a beneficiation method: any one or more in high intensity magnetic separation, magnetic separation, gravity treatment, flotation, electric separation, roasting, the leaching.
8. as claimed in claim 1 from mineral extracting metals and prepare the method for building materials, it is characterized in that step 2) in smelting be: with concentrate with smelt after metallurgy additive mixes.
9. as claimed in claim 1 from mineral extracting metals and prepare the method for building materials, it is characterized in that described smelting is: concentrate is sent in the metallurgical furnace, be heated to predetermined smelting temperature, keep this temperature to continue predetermined tap to tap time, obtain metallurgic product and slag.
10. as claimed in claim 9 from mineral extracting metals and prepare the method for building materials, it is characterized in that described metallurgical furnace is any in coal furnace, hotblast stove, fluidizing furnace, Circulation fluidized-bed furnace, chain furnace, tunnel furnace, rotary kiln, rotary hearth furnace, electrothermal oven, resistance furnace, electric arc furnace, converter, intermediate frequency furnace, rotary hearth furnace, the hot stove in ore deposit, blast furnace, electrothermal oven, resistance furnace, coal furnace, gas furnace, the open hearth.
11. as claimed in claim 1 from mineral extracting metals and prepare the method for building materials, it is characterized in that, also comprise waste heat recovery processing, cool off smelting reacted high-temperature flue gas, heat is reclaimed by heat-conducting medium, be used for dry mineral or generating or add hot water.
12. as claimed in claim 1 from mineral extracting metals and prepare the method for building materials, it is characterized in that, the water cycle in the production process is used.
13. as claimed in claim 1 from mineral extracting metals and prepare the method for building materials, it is characterized in that being shaped in the step 5): extrude, in the briquetting, sintering any.
14. as claimed in claim 1 from mineral extracting metals and prepare the method for building materials, it is characterized in that, in the step 5), described tailings, grain slag, throw out, slag are in following ratio moulding: 6~8 parts of tailings, 2~5 parts of grain slags, 0.1~0.5 part of throw out, 1~2 part in slag; Wherein, in the grain slag, the activation grain slag is 1~2 part, and granular grain slag is 0~4 part.
15. as claimed in claim 1 from mineral extracting metals and prepare the method for building materials, it is characterized in that described building materials are: non-burning brick, aerating brick, materials for wall or vitrified brick.
CN2010101509256A 2010-04-13 2010-04-13 Method for refining metal and preparing building material from mineral Expired - Fee Related CN101805812B (en)

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101403044A (en) * 2008-10-27 2009-04-08 云南锡业集团(控股)有限责任公司 Oxygen-enriched air smelting method for top-blown submergence smelting furnace for tin concentrate
CN101545037A (en) * 2009-05-06 2009-09-30 个旧玉龙再生资源经营有限公司 Method for producing iron ore concentrate by using poor-tin oxidized ore tailings
CN101570820A (en) * 2009-06-16 2009-11-04 陈建湘 Method for rapidly reducing and roasting as well as synchronously dephosphorizing and extracting iron at high temperature of high-silicon high-phosphorus iron ore
CN101624654A (en) * 2009-04-17 2010-01-13 华中科技大学 Method for recycling iron and aluminum by particle size grading pretreatment of Bayer process red mud

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101403044A (en) * 2008-10-27 2009-04-08 云南锡业集团(控股)有限责任公司 Oxygen-enriched air smelting method for top-blown submergence smelting furnace for tin concentrate
CN101624654A (en) * 2009-04-17 2010-01-13 华中科技大学 Method for recycling iron and aluminum by particle size grading pretreatment of Bayer process red mud
CN101545037A (en) * 2009-05-06 2009-09-30 个旧玉龙再生资源经营有限公司 Method for producing iron ore concentrate by using poor-tin oxidized ore tailings
CN101570820A (en) * 2009-06-16 2009-11-04 陈建湘 Method for rapidly reducing and roasting as well as synchronously dephosphorizing and extracting iron at high temperature of high-silicon high-phosphorus iron ore

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