CN101801000A - Secondary user access method for maximization of capacity of dynamic spectrum sharing system - Google Patents
Secondary user access method for maximization of capacity of dynamic spectrum sharing system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a secondary user access method for maximization of capacity of a dynamic spectrum sharing system, in particular to a secondary user access method which can maximize the capacity of a dynamic spectrum sharing system. In the method, a secondary user selects a channel with the highest transmission power for access during each working cycle of each secondary user, the channel can be known according to a Shannon formula, and each secondary user can obtain the maximum capacity available at present during each working cycle. Therefore, each secondary user can obtain the maximum average capacity in the whole communication period, and the sum of the average capacities of all secondary users can be the maximum, thereby realizing the maximization of the average capacity of the dynamic spectrum sharing system.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to wireless communication field, be specifically related to inferior user (SU:Secondary User) cut-in method of a kind of maximization dynamic spectrum sharing system (DSSS:Dynamic Spectrum Sharing System) capacity.
Background technology
In recent years, the fast development of wireless communication technology makes the demand rapid growth of radio spectrum resources, and the radio spectrum resources shortage problem begins to cause people's extensive concern.The rare day by day of radio spectrum resources mainly caused by two aspect reasons, and the one, the finiteness that wireless frequency spectrum is natural, the 2nd, to the static allocation mode of radio spectrum resources, make radio band be authorized to user's exclusiveness and take.The finiteness of radio spectrum resources is its build-in attribute, can't change; Therefore, solving the radio spectrum resources problem of shortage can only set about from resource distribution mode, promptly changes existing static resource allocation mode.
Static spectrum management and allocation strategy be by management organization with the usable spectrum resource division become to fix, non-overlapped frequency spectrum blocks and cut apart by the protection frequency band; then these frequency spectrum blocks are distributed to different services and technology in the mode of monopolizing; the user who is assigned to these frequency ranges is called as authorized user (main user; Primary User), for example: mobile communication carrier, radio and television, military affairs and public safety department etc.The method of salary distribution of this static control, spectrum management is very simple, but the availability of frequency spectrum is not high.The data of FCC (FCC) shows that it is idle much authorizing most of times of frequency range, and actual frequency spectrum service efficiency is very low.So the notion that the SPTF (Spectrum Policy Task Force) that is under the jurisdiction of FCC has proposed frequency spectrum share solves the radio spectrum resources shortage problem.In spectra sharing system, each authorized user requires to set a jamming margin (interference temperature) according to the quality of service (QoS:Quality ofService) of oneself, unauthorized user (cognitive user or inferior user, Secondary User) takies this frequency range jointly with authorized user satisfying under the prerequisite of this restriction, realize sharing of frequency spectrum resource, and then improve the service efficiency of wireless frequency spectrum.(Cognitive Radio, frequency spectrum share technology CR) has become the following wireless communication spectrum solution that has potentiality, more becomes the research focus of wireless communication field based on cognitive radio.
Goal in research based on the dynamic spectrum technology of sharing of cognitive radio is: by the sensing results of inferior user to environment, take all factors into consideration main user and time user's business demand, when minimizing to main user network influence, maximize the availability of frequency spectrum, and guarantee the fairness between each user.Obviously, dynamic spectrum is shared and can be reduced the constraint to the wireless communication technology development of frequency spectrum and bandwidth constraints greatly, greatly changes the situation of present radio spectrum resources worsening shortages.
The dynamic spectrum technology of sharing comprises the research contents of two aspects: the one, and the Dynamic Spectrum Management problem, the 2nd, dynamic spectrum inserts problem.At present, the research tool and the method for Dynamic Spectrum Management employing comprise graph theory, game theory and microeconomics theory.Graph theory is that the spectrum allocation may problem is modeled as map colouring problem in the graph theory, develops optimization mechanism with this and handles spectrum utilization, fairness and throughput problem under the various network architectures; Game theory is configured to a betting model with the behavior between cognitive user, thereby utilizes the optimal allocation strategy under the different behavior patterns such as game theoretic relative theory analysis cooperation, non-cooperation; Microeconomics is to utilize the lease of the theoretical realization of its auction frequency spectrum.Insert for dynamic spectrum,, have and utilize Markov model or part to observe the Markov model study the suitable model that the authorized user network spectrum takies behavior of describing, so that tracking and the prediction that frequency spectrum is taken to be provided from present research; With good grounds to frequency spectrum detecting result accurately whether, under the collision of avoiding with authorized user, the access strategy of research maximization spectrum utilization efficiency and other target; It is at the MAC design of protocol that is adapted to the cognitive radio technology characteristics that many researchs are arranged; The research of time user's through-put power control when inserting at dynamic spectrum is also arranged in addition.
Whether be in active state simultaneously according to main user and time user, dynamic spectrum sharing system can be divided into the chance formula and share with the coexistence formula shared.The former comes across the main user situation harsh to qos requirement, be meant that time user only can take the mandate frequency range and communicate when main user is in inactive state, in case main user is activated, inferior user need abdicate this frequency range at once, switches to other available frequency bands and continues communication or stop communication; The latter is applicable to that main user to the loose relatively situation of qos requirement, is meant under the prerequisite that satisfies main user's noise margin, and inferior user insertion authority frequency range at any time communicates.Obviously, the chance formula is shared to the transmitted power of inferior user transmitter without limits, but higher to inferior user's perception accuracy requirement, this makes that primary and secondary user's QoS is more secure; The coexistence formula share to require time user job in the power limited state, and it is low relatively to inferior user's perception accuracy requirement, but the real-time of inferior user job can be protected, and spectrum efficiency is also than higher.So, does the obtainable capacity of coexistence formula spectra sharing system have much? how under the situation that the coexistence formula is shared, to make the capacity of spectra sharing system reach maximum? how inferior user this select optimum channel to insert? the research focus that these problems are current just, described method also propose at dynamic spectrum sharing system time user's optimum access problem just.Need to prove that though the thinking of described method derives from coexistence formula sharing mode, be equally applicable to have in the master network situation of part chance shared link existence, promptly described method is a kind of secondary user access method that is applicable to two kinds of sharing modes simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem: the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of secondary user access method of dynamic spectrum sharing system, make the average size of spectra sharing system reach maximum, thereby improve the service efficiency of radio spectrum resources as much as possible.
Technical scheme: the secondary user access method of a kind of maximization of capacity of dynamic spectrum sharing system of the present invention may further comprise the steps:
The first step: it is access point AP2 that one user access control node is set in network, and it can be that access point AP1 communicates with main user access control node directly; The user cache device is set in access point AP2 one time, and the inferior user of all request access communications at first waits in line in this buffer, and access point AP2 selects one user to insert successively from the buffer waiting list;
Second step: determine the i.e. user last time of the current inferior user that will insert; Determine last time user's work period according to the master network channel transfer characteristic, described user job cycle comprises channel-aware time, Access Probe time and data transmission period three parts; Determine the initial value of access control parameter list, described access control parameter list comprises number of available channels and numbering, main user's jamming margin value, fading channel coefficient, channel noise power, inferior user's transmitted power and maximum power limit value thereof in the master network;
The 3rd step: in the time, described last time user at first obtains current number of available channels and numbering thereof from access point AP2 in described channel-aware; Afterwards, this time user by the channel perception state to obtain the channel condition information of current each bar available channel, described channel condition information comprises fading channel coefficient and channel noise power, obtains current main user's jamming margin value simultaneously, and revises described access control parameter list;
The 4th step: at described Access Probe in the time, fading channel coefficient, channel noise power and corresponding main user's jamming margin value according to described each available channel, calculate described last time user obtainable transmitted power on each available channel, selection inserts the channel of this time user transmitted power maximum, and this time user's transmitted power is set; Be the access first of this communication process of this time user if this inserts, to send and insert success message, to allow that a new inferior user begins access in the described waiting list to access point AP2;
The 5th step: in described data transmission period, by selected channel, when the transmitted power that user last time set with described the 4th step is carried out transfer of data frame by frame; A described data transmission period finishes, and record also judges whether last frame is the sign off frame, if when last time telex network end, it will withdraw from spectra sharing system and notify access point AP2; Otherwise, changed for the 3rd step over to, begin last time user's the next work period; So circulation until last time telex network finished, is left system and is notified AP2, and an access communications process is finished;
The 6th step: inspection also judges whether the waiting list among the access point AP2 is empty, if all times users successfully insert; Otherwise access point AP2 selects a new inferior user to insert from described buffer waiting list; So circulation, until all etc. till inferior user to be accessed inserts success and communication and finishes.
Described method, wherein: described main user is an authorized user, and master network is the network under the main user, and master network adopts frequency division multiple access (FDMA) access way; Described user is the unauthorized user of master network, and all times user constitutes time user network, is called for short time network; Described master network can provide the part authorization channel to share to inferior user, to improve the availability of frequency spectrum; But the channel that can use for time user is a shared channel;
Described user access point AP2 is in charge of time user's access request, and described main user access point AP1 is in charge of main user's access request; Access point AP2 can communicate by letter with access point AP1 by special signaling channel, but the behaviour in service (occupied or idle) to obtain shared channel in real time;
The maximum length Lq of described user cache device waiting list is determined by inferior user's average arrival rate λ, can be set at the twice of time user's average arrival rate, promptly
Expression is not less than the smallest positive integral of x; The inferior user of all arrival inserts in the buffer waiting list that request at first enters AP2 and waits, if formation is full, newly arrived user inserts request and will be rejected; Access point AP2 chooses one user successively according to the first-in first-out principle and inserts from the buffer waiting list, next user's access is that AP2 receives after one user inserts success message and begins after last one user inserts success for the first time, perhaps finishes this communication one user and leaves system and promptly begin after AP2 receives one user's leave group message.
Described method, wherein: second step, described last time user was selected by access point AP2; Described channel transfer characteristic refers to channel coherence time; Described user job period T
wShould be less than the channel coherence time T of inferior user transmitter to main receiver user link
Cp, i.e. T
w≤ T
Cp, described method is given tacit consent to all links and is had identical channel coherence time;
Described channel-aware time T
sWith the Access Probe time T
aBy the processing time decision of inferior user communication device, they all should be less than described channel T coherence time
Cp
Described data transmission period T
dBe inferior user's master data frame length T
fIntegral multiple and less than channel coherence time; Must comprise the sign off frame in last data transmission period; If last several Frames can't fill up a data transmission period, need fill with several sign off frames; Described sign off frame is a special identifier frame that is different from any Frame;
Described number of available channels and numbering are meant that all allow shared authorization channel number N in the described master network
pAnd numbering i, i=1,2 ..., N
p, it can be provided by described user access control node AP2; Described method is supposed the only corresponding main user link of each available channel, and the main number of users that promptly participates in sharing is N to the maximum
p
The tolerable maximum interference power value of the described main pairing main receiver user of each available channel of user's jamming margin value table record Q
i, i=1,2 ..., N
p, interference power comprises inferior subscriber signal power and the channel noise power two parts that arrive main receiver user;
Described fading channel coefficient table record time user transmitter is to the power loss ratio g of each main receiver user link
i, i=1,2 ..., N
p
The channel additive noise average power N of described channel noise power table record time user transmitter to the main receiver user link
i, i=1,2 ..., N
p
Described user's transmitted power limit value is the maximum transmission power P that time user transmitter is allowed
r, inferior user's transmitted power is the actual emission power P of time user transmitter, P≤P
r
Described method, wherein: the initial value scheme of the second described access control parameter list of step is:
Put described number of available channels N
p=N
Max, N
MaxThe maximum authorization channel number that has for master network;
Put described main user's jamming margin value Q
i=0, i=1,2 ..., N
p
Put described fading channel coefficient g
i=G, i=1,2 ..., N
p, G is an enough big positive number;
Put described channel noise power N
i=0, i=1,2 ..., N
p
Put user's transmitted power P=P described time
0, the transmitted power limit value is P
r=P
0, P
0Determine by the transmitter nominal value;
Putting described sign off frame is End_Flag, and it should be consistent with the sign off frame identification in the Data Transport Protocol.
Described method, wherein: but described current available channel of the 3rd step comprises not the shared channel of the free time that is taken by Any user and but only by the shared channel of main CU, its number and numbering offer last time user by inferior user access point AP2;
Described channel condition information can obtain by inferior user's self channel estimating, and perhaps the channel estimating by access control node AP2 obtains, and does not relate to concrete implementation herein; If main user is in active state, described main user's jamming margin value directly obtains by the feedback information of main receiver user; If main user is in inactive state, its jamming margin value can be made as ∞ or be made as an enough big positive number, and promptly this main user to the transmitted power of inferior user transmitter without limits;
Consider the real-time change of main User Status, according to new sensing results and feedback information, described access control parameter list is revised as:
Put described number of available channels N
p=N
P, k, and write down current available channel numbering;
Put described main user's jamming margin value Q
i=Q
I, k, i=1,2 ..., N
p
Put described fading channel coefficient g
i=g
I, k, i=1,2 ..., N
p
Put described channel noise power N
i=N
I, k, i=1,2 ..., N
p
Wherein, k represents current time.
Described method, wherein: the obtainable transmitted power of the 4th described last time user of step calculates by following formula
Described master network adopts frequency division multiple access (FDMA) access way, and this shows that the signal on each channel co-channel interference can not occur in the network; So, when user's selective channel last time
Insert, this moment, time user's transmitted power was
If this access is the last time access first of this communication process of user, this time user should send and insert success message to access point AP2, and a new inferior user begins to insert in the waiting list to allow to insert; According to described first-in first-out principle, the inferior user who is positioned at the waiting list first place will be allowed to access; Because each time user all periodically changes channel in the access communications process, may cause the access collision problem, this can be managed and coordinate by setting up active user list by access point AP2;
Described method, wherein: described data frame length T of the 5th step
fShould be not more than described data transmission period T
d, i.e. T
f≤ T
dFrame should be packed according to Data Transport Protocol in advance, does not relate to concrete data pack protocol herein; When user's data transmission time is last time fixed, Frame sends in order one by one, finishes until this transmission time;
The 5th step, described deterministic process was: record is last interior Frame of user data transmission time last time, itself and sign off frame are compared, if the sign off frame represents that this access communications process of this time user finishes, inferior user log off is also notified access point AP2; If not the sign off frame, represent that this time telex network also do not finish, returned for the 3rd step this moment, begins the new work period; So circulation until this time telex network finishes, logs off and informs till the access point AP2.
Described method, wherein: the 6th described inspection of step and deterministic process are: inferior user access point AP2 receives one user's leave group message, checks whether the buffer waiting list of time user access point AP2 is empty, if empty, then all times user successfully inserts; Otherwise, show still have time user wait to be accessed; According to described first-in first-out principle, inferior user access point AP2 selects the inferior user who is positioned at the waiting list head of the queue to insert; So circulation is till the waiting list of access point AP2 is finished for access communications process empty and all times user.
Beneficial effect: described a kind of advantage that maximizes the secondary user access method of spectra sharing system capacity is: in each work period of each time user, inferior usefulness selects to make its channel with maximum transmit power to insert per family, by the Shannon formula as can be known, each time user all can obtain current accessible heap(ed) capacity in its each work period; Therefore, each time user has maximum average size in its whole call duration time, so it is maximum that all times user's average size sum will reach, promptly the average size of dynamic spectrum sharing system has realized maximization.
As seen, described method is the optimum time user's access scheme method of the dynamic spectrum sharing system under a kind of maximum capacity criterion, and it provides a kind of feasible inferior user's access scheme for dynamic spectrum sharing system.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the spectra sharing system schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 distributes schematic diagram at one user's access communications time.
Fig. 3 is one user's access procedure dynamics of channels conversion schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is time user's access procedure flow chart.
Embodiment
A kind of secondary user access method of maximization of capacity of dynamic spectrum sharing system, its application scenarios as shown in Figure 1, wherein access control node AP1 and AP2 are responsible for main user and time user's access request management respectively; Master network adopts frequency division multiple access (FDMA) access way, and it has N
MaxIndividual mandate frequency range is given tacit consent to each and is authorized main user of frequency range service; Open frequency range of sharing for time user has N
pIndividual, the main user that can participate in frequency spectrum share mostly is N most
pIndividual; At least one main user is in active state, and one time the user asks to use frequency range to communicate.Here, described method acquiescence time user and each main user's bandwidth of operation is identical.Be described in further detail below in conjunction with the enforcement of accompanying drawing described secondary user access method.
This method realizes that by carrying out following steps the inferior user under the spectra sharing system maximum capacity criterion inserts:
The first step: it is access point AP2 that one user access control node is set in system, and it can be that access point AP1 communicates with main user access control node directly; The user cache device is set in access point AP2 one time, and the inferior user of all request access communications at first waits in line in this buffer, and access point AP2 selects one user to insert successively from the buffer waiting list;
Described user access point AP2 is in charge of time user's access request, and described main user access point AP1 is in charge of main user's access request; Access control node AP2 can communicate by letter with access control node AP1 by special signaling channel, but the behaviour in service (occupied or idle) to obtain shared channel in real time;
The maximum length L of described user cache device waiting list
qDetermine according to time arrival rate of customers λ; Arrive if time user is the Poisson process of λ with speed, then set the waiting list maximum length
Here
Expression is not less than the smallest positive integral of x, and this scheme can guarantee the inferior user's access demand under the regular traffic amount situation; The inferior user of each arrival at first enters buffer queue and waits for, if formation is full, newly arrived user inserts request and will be rejected; Inferior user access point AP2 is after receiving an access success message, from the buffer waiting list, select a new inferior user to insert according to the first-in first-out principle, perhaps finishing this communication a time user, to leave system be that new inferior user's access procedure began after AP2 received one user's leave group message;
Second step: determine the i.e. user last time of the current inferior user that will insert; Determine last time user's work period according to the master network channel transfer characteristic, described user job cycle comprises channel-aware time, Access Probe time and data transmission period three parts; Initialization access control parameter list, described access control parameter list comprise number of available channels and numbering, main user's jamming margin value, fading channel coefficient, channel noise power, inferior user's transmitted power and maximum power limit value thereof in the master network;
Among the described current inferior user that will insert movable the user as shown in Figure 1 one, its work period as shown in Figure 2.Currently will insert time user by access point AP2 decision, it begins will leave behind the access procedure buffer waiting list of access point AP2, and the residue in the formation time user will move forward respectively one;
For guaranteeing that channel status is constant substantially in the described work period, the described work period should be not more than the channel coherence time T of time user transmitter to main receiver user link
Cp, i.e. T
w=T
s+ T
a+ T
d≤ T
CpConsider that each characteristic of channel in the same master network is close substantially, for simplifying the operation, described method has been given tacit consent to each link and has been had identical channel coherence time;
Described channel-aware time T
sCarry out the time decision of channel estimating, Access Probe time T by inferior user
aBy the calculating treatmenting time decision of inferior user transmitter, they all should be less than described channel T coherence time
Cp
Described data transmission period T
dBe chosen as time user's master data frame length T
fIntegral multiple and satisfy T
d＜T
w, might as well make T
d=KT
fMust comprise the sign off frame in last data transmission period; If last data transmission period has vacant (the valid data frame is less), need fill up with a plurality of sign off frames;
The initialization of described access control parameter list comprises number of available channels N
pAnd numbering, main user's jamming margin value table Q
i, fading channel coefficient table g
i, channel noise power table N
i, inferior user's transmitted power P and transmitted power limit value P
rInitialization, initialization scheme is:
Put described number of available channels N
p=N
Max, N
MaxThe maximum authorization channel number that has for master network;
Put described main user's jamming margin value Q
i=0, i=1,2 ..., N
p
Put described fading channel coefficient g
i=G, i=1,2 ..., N
p, G is an enough big positive number;
Put described channel noise power N
i=0, i=1,2 ..., N
p
Put user's transmitted power P=P described time
0, the transmitted power limit value is P
r=P
0, P
0By inferior user transmitter nominal value decision;
Put the sign off flag of frame, it should be consistent with the regulation of Data Transport Protocol.
The 3rd step: in the time, described last time user at first obtains current number of available channels and numbering thereof from access point AP2 in described channel-aware; Afterwards, this time user by the channel perception state to obtain the channel condition information of current each bar available channel, described channel condition information comprises fading channel coefficient and channel noise power, obtains current main user's jamming margin value simultaneously, and revises described access control parameter list;
But but current available channel comprises not the shared channel of the free time that is taken by Any user and only by the shared channel of main CU; But AP2 obtains the current user mode (take or idle) of all shared channels from the feedback of main user access point AP1, in conjunction with the inferior user profile of this locality, for user last time provides needed current number of available channels and number information;
Described channel condition information can obtain by inferior user's self channel estimating, and perhaps the channel estimating by Control Node AP2 obtains; If main user is in active state, described main user's jamming margin directly obtains by main user feedback; If main user is in inactive state, directly its jamming margin value is made as ∞, promptly this channel is to main user's not constraint of transmitted power;
According to inferior user's new sensing results with from access point AP2 and main user's feedback information, described access control parameter list is revised as:
Put described main user's jamming margin value Q
i=Q
I, k, i=1,2 ..., N
p
Put described fading channel coefficient g
i=g
I, k, i=1,2 ..., N
p
Put described channel noise power N
i=N
I, k, i=1,2 ..., N
p
Wherein, k represents current time.
The 4th step: at described Access Probe in the time, fading channel coefficient, channel noise power and corresponding main user's jamming margin value according to described each available channel, calculate described last time user obtainable transmitted power on each available channel, selection inserts the channel of its transmitted power maximum, and this time user's transmission power value is set; Be the access first of this communication process of this time user if this inserts, to send and insert success message, to allow that a new inferior user begins access in the described waiting list to access point AP2;
Described time the obtainable transmitted power of user calculates by following formula
For guaranteeing that time user capacity reaches maximum in the work at present cycle, when user last time with selective channel
Insert, this moment, its transmitted power was revised as
When user last time judges according to own current work period sequence number whether this time insert is the access first of this communication process, if, this time user sends and inserts success message to access point AP2, a new inferior user begins to insert in the waiting list to allow to insert, and carries out next step transfer of data then; Otherwise this time user directly carries out transfer of data;
AP2 receives that is inserted a success message, will allow the inferior user who is positioned at the waiting list first place to insert according to described first-in first-out principle; The inferior user who considers each activity periodically changes access channel, might go out occurrence user's access collision problem, and access point AP2 can solve this problem by setting up time user job state table;
The 5th step: in described data transmission period, by selected channel, when the transmitted power that user last time set with described the 4th step is carried out transfer of data frame by frame; A described data transmission period finishes, and record also judges whether last frame is the sign off frame, if when last time telex network end, it will log off and notify access point AP2; Otherwise, changed for the 3rd step over to, begin last time user's the next work period; So circulation until last time telex network finished, is left system and is notified AP2, and an access communications process is finished;
Described data frame length should be not more than data transmission period, i.e. T
f≤ T
dFrame should be packed according to Data Transport Protocol in advance, does not relate to concrete data pack protocol herein; Because described data transmission period T
d=KT
f, a Frame frame one frame in order sends, and finishes until this transmission time;
Inferior telex network finishes deterministic process: record is last interior Frame of user data transmission time last time, itself and sign off frame are compared, if the sign off frame represents that this communication process of this time user finishes, inferior user log off is also notified access point AP2; If not the sign off frame, represent that this time telex network also do not finish, returned for the 3rd step this moment, and inferior user begins the new work period; So circulation until this time telex network finishes, logs off and informs till the access point AP2.One channel variance situation of user in its access communications process as shown in Figure 3.
Inferior user access control node AP2 will revise associated user and channel occupancy information, with convenient next time user's access procedure after receiving inferior user's leave message.
The 6th step: inspection also judges whether the waiting list among the access point AP2 is empty, if all times users successfully insert; Otherwise access point AP2 selects a new inferior user to insert from described buffer waiting list; So circulation, until all etc. till inferior user to be accessed inserts success and communication and finishes; ,
Whether the deterministic process in the 6th step is: access point AP2 receives user's leave group message one time, be empty with the buffer waiting list of checking time user access point AP2, if empty, then all times user successfully inserts; Otherwise, show still have time user wait to be accessed; According to the first-in first-out principle, access point AP2 selects the inferior user who is positioned at the waiting list head of the queue to insert; So circulation is till the waiting list of access point AP2 is finished for access communications process empty and all times user.
Described a kind of workflow that maximizes the secondary user access method of spectra sharing system capacity is seen shown in the accompanying drawing 4.Because in each work period, each time is with having the maximum transmit power that current system allows per family, i.e. each time is with having current possible heap(ed) capacity per family, and this has guaranteed that each time user has maximum average size in its access communications process; So the spectra sharing system that comprises a plurality of users will have maximum average size.Therefore, described method is a kind of secondary user access method that maximizes the spectra sharing system capacity.
Claims (8)
1. the secondary user access method of a maximization of capacity of dynamic spectrum sharing system is characterized in that this method may further comprise the steps:
The first step: it is access point AP2 that one user access control node is set in system, and it can be that access point AP1 communicates with main user access control node directly; The user cache device is set in access point AP2 one time, and the inferior user of all request access communications at first waits in line in this buffer, and access point AP2 selects one user to insert successively from the buffer waiting list;
Second step: determine the i.e. user last time of the current inferior user that will insert; Determine last time user's work period according to the master network channel transfer characteristic, described user job cycle comprises channel-aware time, Access Probe time and data transmission period three parts; Determine the initial value of access control parameter list, described access control parameter list comprises number of available channels and numbering, main user's jamming margin value, fading channel coefficient, channel noise power, inferior user's transmitted power and maximum power limit value thereof in the master network;
The 3rd step: in the time, described last time user at first obtains current number of available channels and numbering thereof from access point AP2 in described channel-aware; Afterwards, to obtain the channel condition information of current each bar available channel, described channel condition information comprises fading channel coefficient and channel noise power to this time user by the channel perception state, obtains current main user's jamming margin value information simultaneously; Revise described access control parameter list according to the fresh information that obtains;
The 4th step: at described Access Probe in the time, fading channel coefficient, channel noise power and corresponding main user's jamming margin value according to described each available channel, calculate described last time user obtainable transmitted power on each available channel, selection inserts the channel of this time user transmitted power maximum, and this time user's transmitted power is set; Be the access first of this communication process of this time user if this inserts, to send and insert success message, to allow that a new inferior user begins access in the described waiting list to access point AP2;
The 5th step: in described data transmission period, by selected channel, when the transmitted power that user last time set with described the 4th step is carried out transfer of data frame by frame; A described data transmission period finishes, and record also judges whether last frame is the sign off frame, if when last time telex network end, it will withdraw from spectra sharing system and notify access point AP2; Otherwise, changed for the 3rd step over to, begin last time user's the next work period; So circulation until last time telex network finished, is left system and is notified AP2, and an access communications process is finished;
The 6th step: inspection also judges whether the waiting list among the access point AP2 is empty, if all times users successfully insert; Otherwise access point AP2 selects a new inferior user to insert from described buffer waiting list; So circulation, until all etc. till inferior user to be accessed inserts success and communication and finishes.
2. the secondary user access method of a kind of maximization of capacity of dynamic spectrum sharing system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described main user is an authorized user, and master network is the network under the main user, and master network adopts frequency division multiple access (FDMA) access way; Described user is the unauthorized user of master network, and all times user constitutes time user network, is called for short time network; Described master network provides the part authorization channel to share to inferior user, to improve the availability of frequency spectrum; But the channel that uses for time user is a shared channel;
Described user access point AP2 is in charge of time user's access request, and described main user access point AP1 is in charge of main user's access request; Access point AP2 can communicate by letter with access point AP1 by special signaling channel, but to obtain the behaviour in service information of shared channel in real time, described channel behaviour in service comprises the occupied and idle two kinds of situations of channel;
The maximum length L of described user cache device waiting list
qBy inferior user's average arrival rate λ decision, can be set at the twice of time user's average arrival rate, promptly
Expression is not less than the smallest positive integral of x; The inferior user of all arrival inserts in the buffer waiting list that request at first enters AP2 and waits, if formation is full, newly arrived user inserts request and will be rejected; Access point AP2 chooses one user successively according to the first-in first-out principle and inserts from the buffer waiting list, next user's access is that AP2 receives after one user inserts success message and begins after last one user inserts success for the first time, perhaps finishes this communication one user and leaves system and promptly begin after AP2 receives one user's leave group message.
3. the secondary user access method of a kind of maximization of capacity of dynamic spectrum sharing system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, second step, described last time user was selected by access point AP2; Described channel transfer characteristic refers to channel coherence time; Described user job period T
wShould be less than the channel coherence time T of inferior user transmitter to main receiver user link
Cp, i.e. T
w≤ T
Cp, described method is given tacit consent to all links and is had identical channel coherence time;
Described channel-aware time T
sWith the Access Probe time T
aBy the processing time decision of inferior user communication device, they all should be less than described channel T coherence time
Cp
Described data transmission period T
dBe inferior user's master data frame length T
fIntegral multiple and less than channel coherence time; Must comprise the sign off frame in last data transmission period; If last several Frames can't fill up a data transmission period, need fill with several sign off frames; Described sign off frame is a special identifier frame that is different from any Frame;
Described number of available channels and numbering are meant that all allow shared authorization channel number N in the described master network
pAnd numbering i, i=1,2 ..., N
p, it can be provided by described user access control node AP2; Described method is supposed the only corresponding main user link of each available channel, and the main number of users that promptly participates in sharing is N to the maximum
p
The tolerable maximum interference power value of the described main pairing main receiver user of each available channel of user's jamming margin value record Q
i, i=1,2 ..., N
p, interference power comprises inferior subscriber signal power and the channel noise power two parts that arrive main receiver user;
Described fading channel coefficient record time user transmitter is to the power loss ratio g of each main receiver user link
i, i=1,2 ..., N
p
The channel additive noise average power N of described channel noise power record time user transmitter to the main receiver user link
i, i=1,2 ..., N
p
Described user's transmitted power limit value is the maximum transmission power P that time user transmitter is allowed
r, inferior user's transmitted power is the actual emission power P of time user transmitter, P≤P
r
4. the secondary user access method of a kind of maximization of capacity of dynamic spectrum sharing system according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that the second step initial value of described access control parameter list is:
Put described number of available channels N
p=N
Max, N
MaxThe maximum authorization channel number that has for master network;
Put described main user's jamming margin value Q
i=0, i=1,2 ..., N
p
Put described fading channel coefficient g
i=G, i=1,2 ..., N
p, G is an enough big positive number;
Put described channel noise power N
i=0, i=1,2 ..., N
p
Put user's transmitted power P=P described time
0, the transmitted power limit value is P
r=P
0, P
0Nominal value decision by inferior user transmitter;
Putting described sign off frame is End_Flag, and it should be consistent with the sign off frame identification in the Data Transport Protocol.
5. the secondary user access method of a kind of maximization of capacity of dynamic spectrum sharing system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, but described current available channel of the 3rd step comprises not the described shared channel of the free time that is taken by Any user and but only by the shared channel of main CU, its number and numbering are provided by inferior user access point AP2;
Described channel condition information can obtain by inferior user's self channel estimating, and perhaps the channel estimating by access control node AP2 obtains, and does not relate to concrete implementation herein; If main user is in active state, described main user's jamming margin value directly obtains by the feedback information of main receiver user; If main user is in inactive state, its jamming margin value can be made as ∞ or be made as an enough big positive number, and promptly this main user to the transmitted power of inferior user transmitter without limits;
Consider the real-time change of main User Status, according to new sensing results and feedback information, described access control parameter modification is:
Put described number of available channels N
p=N
P, k, and write down current available channel numbering;
Put described main user's jamming margin value Q
i=Q
I, k, i=1,2 ..., N
p
Put described fading channel coefficient g
i=g
I, k, i=1,2 ..., N
p
Put described channel noise power N
i=N
I, k, i=1,2 ..., N
p
Wherein, k represents current time.
6. the secondary user access method of a kind of maximization of capacity of dynamic spectrum sharing system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the obtainable transmitted power of the 4th described last time user of step calculates by following formula
Because master network adopts the frequency division multiple access access way, the signal in the network on each channel co-channel interference can not occur; So, when user last time selects to make it have the channel of maximum transmit power
Insert, this moment, time user's transmitted power was set to
If this access is the last time access first of this communication process of user, this time user should send and insert success message to access point AP2, and a new inferior user begins to insert in the waiting list to allow to insert; First-in first-out principle according to claim 3, the inferior user who is positioned at the waiting list first place will be allowed to access; Because each time user all periodically changes channel in the access communications process, may cause the access collision problem, is managed and coordinates by setting up the active user state table by access point AP2.
7. the secondary user access method of a kind of maximization of capacity of dynamic spectrum sharing system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described data frame length T of the 5th step
fShould be not more than described data transmission period T
d, i.e. T
f≤ T
dFrame should be packed according to Data Transport Protocol in advance, does not relate to concrete data pack protocol herein; When user's data transmission time is last time fixed, Frame sends in order one by one, finishes until this transmission time;
The 5th step, described deterministic process was: record is last interior Frame of user data transmission time last time, itself and sign off frame are compared, if the sign off frame represents that this access communications process of this time user finishes, inferior user log off is also notified access point AP2; If not the sign off frame, represent that this time telex network also do not finish, return the 3rd step described in the claim 1 this moment, begins the new work period; So circulation until this time telex network finishes, logs off and informs till the access point AP2.
8. the secondary user access method of a kind of maximization of capacity of dynamic spectrum sharing system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the 6th step, described deterministic process was: inferior user access point AP2 receives one user's leave group message, whether the buffer waiting list of checking time user access point AP2 is empty, if empty, then all times user successfully inserts; Otherwise, show still have time user wait to be accessed; According to the described first-in first-out principle of claim 2, inferior user access point AP2 selects the inferior user who is positioned at the waiting list head of the queue to insert; So circulation is till the waiting list of access point AP2 is finished for access communications process empty and all times user.
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