CN101797068B - Cooling device and cooling method - Google Patents
Cooling device and cooling method Download PDFInfo
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- CN101797068B CN101797068B CN201010113353.4A CN201010113353A CN101797068B CN 101797068 B CN101797068 B CN 101797068B CN 201010113353 A CN201010113353 A CN 201010113353A CN 101797068 B CN101797068 B CN 101797068B
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Abstract
In a vacuum cooling procedure, bumping of the cooled materials is prevented and the cooling time is shortened, and the usage amount of water and steam of a pressure-reducing mechanism in a processing groove is reduced. When the cooled materials contained in the processing groove is vacuum cooled, the method orderly carries out a quenching procedure of reducing the pressure into the processing groove to set pressure (P1) and a slow-cooling procedure of reducing the pressure-reducing ability to lower than the quenching procedure for further reducing the pressure in the processing groove. The set pressure (P1) is set as the following pressure: the pressure is higher allowance pressure (P3) than internal temperature reduced pressure (P2) which causes the saturated steam temperature in the processing groove to be equal to the temperature of the cooled materials; the allowance pressure (P3) is set by means that when the internal temperature reduced pressure (P2) is smaller, the allowance pressure (P3) is smaller. For example, the set pressure (P1) is set as the pressure of setting ratio of the internal temperature reduced pressure (P2).
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to except by the vacuum cooling unit of the cooled object vacuum cooled of food and food materials etc. (vacuum cooled special machine), can carry out cooling composite cooling apparatus of the vacuum cooled of cooled object and cold wind etc., there are the various cooling devices of vacuum cooled function, and use the cooling means of such cooling device.
Background technology
Knownly there is a vacuum cooled as the cooling means of food, food materials (following, referred to as food).So-called vacuum cooled, refers to by the gas being accommodated with in the treatment trough of food is attracted to outside discharge and will reduce pressure in treatment trough, thereby promotes, from the evaporation of the moisture of food, to realize the cooling method of food by its heat of gasification.
In vacuum cooled, the saturated-steam temperature along with being depressurized in treatment trough in treatment trough reduces.Now, the temperature etc. that is likely significantly less than food due to the saturated-steam temperature in treatment trough causes that food traces back boils (bumping), and the outward appearance of food and taste, yield rate are worsened.So the temperature difference that must the temperature of the saturated-steam temperature in treatment trough and food be suppressed to expectation on one side makes pressure decreased with interior one side, must adjust reduced pressure capabilities for this reason.
But from cooling while having limited reduced pressure capabilities at the very start, cool time need to be very long.So, as shown in following patent documentation 1, a kind of cooling device is proposed, saturated-steam temperature in treatment trough and the temperature of food become and equate or before the difference of two temperatures becomes setting value, improve reduced pressure capabilities and carry out the chilling of food, after above-mentioned setting value, reduce reduced pressure capabilities and carry out the slow cooling of food.Following cooling device has been proposed: the poor vanishing of the saturated-steam temperature in treatment trough and the temperature of food or become setting value before, improve reduced pressure capabilities and carry out the chilling of food, reduce reduced pressure capabilities afterwards and carry out the slow cooling of food.
Patent documentation 1: TOHKEMY 2008-157488 communique
But, saturated-steam temperature in treatment trough and the temperature of food become identical before, to in treatment trough, reduce pressure, likely the pressure in treatment trough, widely lower than the product temperature reduced pressure (saturated-steam temperature in treatment trough becomes with the temperature of food the pressure equating) of food, now produces unfavorable condition as described above.So in food cooling that has the deteriorated problem that causes cooling quality of boiling owing to tracing back, the difference of the saturated-steam temperature in treatment trough and the temperature of food is for before setting value, the reduced pressure capabilities in raising treatment trough and reducing pressure.
Particularly, will be in treatment trough decompression to the setting pressure that exceeds allowance pressure than product temperature reduced pressure, reduce afterwards reduced pressure capabilities and will in treatment trough, further reduce pressure.Now, consider that the change of the decompression rate from above-mentioned setting pressure started to the time of the actual degree that drops to expectation of decompression rate, set above-mentioned allowance pressure.But, if the height of allowance pressure product temperature reduced pressure does not change, following unfavorable condition occurs: allowance pressure pressure too small and in treatment trough is significantly less than product temperature reduced pressure, or contrary, allowance pressure is excessive and make bootlessly extend cool time.Have about this respect, below specifically describe.
Fig. 3 is the figure of the relation of the pressure in elapsed time and the treatment trough that represents to start from the decompression in treatment trough, pressure in treatment trough when the temperature of food when solid line represents that vacuum cooled starts is 50 ℃ changes, and the pressure in the treatment trough when temperature of food when dotted line represents that vacuum cooled starts is 10 ℃ changes.
The temperature of food when first, description vacuum cooled starts is for example the situation of 50 ℃.Now, the saturated vapour pressure that product temperature reduced pressure PA is 50 ℃ as saturated-steam temperature is defined, and is 123hPa.In addition, above-mentioned allowance pressure P B is for example set to 50hPa.Its result, above-mentioned setting pressure PC, as the value that adds allowance pressure P B (=50hPa) on product temperature reduced pressure PA (=123hPa), is set to 173hPa.Thereby, in treatment trough, be setting pressure 173hPa by decompression in treatment trough, adjust afterwards reduced pressure capabilities and make further decompression in treatment trough.Thus, can prevent that tracing back of food from boiling and can realize vacuum cooled rapidly.
But in the time as described above allowance pressure P B being set as to 50hPa, although can prevent that tracing back of food from boiling and can realize vacuum cooled rapidly, the temperature of food when it is defined to vacuum cooled and starts is the situation of 50 ℃.Thereby the temperature of food when vacuum cooled starts is more less than 50 ℃, the waste producing in cool time is more.The temperature of for example, food when, vacuum cooled starts is 10 ℃.Now, the saturated vapour pressure that product temperature reduced pressure PA ' is 10 ℃ as saturated-steam temperature is defined, and is 12.3hPa.And, identical 50hPa now use with 50 ℃ of food temperatures during as allowance pressure P B, setting pressure PC ' for adding the value of allowance pressure P B (=50hPa) on product temperature reduced pressure PA ' (=12.3hPa), be set to 62.3hPa, be equivalent to 37 ℃ if be scaled saturated-steam temperature.,, from starting to adjust decompression rate than the high a lot of pressure of product temperature reduced pressure, extend cool time.
So, the temperature of the food when beginning of vacuum cooled is not defined as necessarily, if so the height of allowance pressure product temperature reduced pressure does not change, the temperature of the food when beginning of vacuum cooled is less, the waste producing in cool time is just more.And, in order to realize for example vacuum cooled to 10 ℃, conventionally the indirect heat exchanger and the water seal type vacuum pump that use steam jet ejector, steam condensation to use as the mechanism of decompressor in treatment trough, if and cool time is long, for the water shutoff of vavuum pump, can increase respectively for the cooling water of indirect heat exchanger and for the quantity of steam of steam jet ejector.
Summary of the invention
Problem solved by the invention is, prevents that tracing back of cooled object from boiling and realizing the shortening of cool time, and realizes the reduction for the treatment of the water of the mechanism of decompressor in groove and the use amount of steam.
The present invention proposes in order to solve above-mentioned problem, and the invention that technical scheme 1 is recorded is a kind of cooling device, it is characterized by, and has: treatment trough, storage cooled object; And the mechanism of decompressor, attract the gas in this treatment trough of discharge to outside and will in above-mentioned treatment trough, reduce pressure; Recover mechanism with pressure, will in above-mentioned treatment trough, recover pressure to importing extraneous gas in the above-mentioned treatment trough being depressurized; And pressure sensor, detect the pressure in above-mentioned treatment trough, can in turn carry out by decompression in above-mentioned treatment trough to the chilling operation of setting pressure, reduced pressure capabilities is reduced to lower and by the slow cooling operation further reducing pressure in above-mentioned treatment trough than this chilling operation; Above-mentioned setting pressure is set to following pressure: the product temperature reduced pressure equating with the temperature of above-mentioned cooled object than the saturated-steam temperature in above-mentioned treatment trough exceeds allowance pressure; Above-mentioned allowance pressure is set in the less mode of the less above-mentioned allowance pressure of above-mentioned product temperature reduced pressure.
The invention of recording according to technical scheme 1, in by treatment trough, decompression is after exceeding the setting pressure of allowance pressure than product temperature reduced pressure, reduce reduced pressure capabilities and while further reducing pressure, allowance pressure is set in the less mode of the less above-mentioned allowance pressure of product temperature reduced pressure.Thus, for example can know in advance maybe can predict time in the temperature that is incorporated in the cooled object in treatment trough, the product temperature reduced pressure that use makes the saturated-steam temperature in treatment trough equate with the temperature (being called product temperature) of cooled object, to in treatment trough, reduce pressure to the setting pressure that exceeds allowance pressure than above-mentioned product temperature reduced pressure, reduce afterwards reduced pressure capabilities, thereby can prevent that tracing back of cooled object from boiling and realizing the shortening of cool time.And, can realize by realizing the shortening of cool time the reduction that is used to the water of the mechanism of decompressor in treatment trough and the use amount of steam.In addition because can prescribed target pressure and carry out cooling, so also can process the cooled object that can not be inserted with product temperature sensor.
In the cooling device that the invention that technical scheme 2 is recorded is recorded in technical scheme 1, it is characterized by, also have and detect the product temperature sensor of temperature that is incorporated in the cooled object in above-mentioned treatment trough, the detected temperatures of above-mentioned product temperature sensor when above-mentioned product temperature reduced pressure starts based on above-mentioned chilling operation or in above-mentioned chilling operation and calculating; Above-mentioned allowance pressure is set with regard to less mode with the less above-mentioned allowance pressure of above-mentioned product temperature reduced pressure.
The invention of recording according to technical scheme 2, can can prevent more reliably that by making articles for use temperature sensor tracing back of cooled object from boiling and realizing the shortening of cool time, and can realize the reduction that is used to the water of the mechanism of decompressor in treatment trough and the use amount of steam.
In the cooling device that the invention that technical scheme 3 is recorded is recorded in technical scheme 2, it is characterized by, above-mentioned setting pressure is set to the pressure of the setting ratio of above-mentioned product temperature reduced pressure, and the detected temperatures of above-mentioned product temperature sensor when described product temperature reduced pressure starts based on above-mentioned chilling operation or in above-mentioned chilling operation calculates.
The invention of recording according to technical scheme 3, by setting pressure being set as to the pressure of setting ratio of product temperature reduced pressure, make allowance pressure can with the less above-mentioned allowance pressure of product temperature reduced pressure just less mode change simply.
In the cooling device that the invention that technical scheme 4 is recorded is recorded in technical scheme 2, it is characterized by, above-mentioned setting pressure is set to following pressure: make to add the pressure that both temperature of fixed temperature equates in the detected temperatures of saturated-steam temperature in above-mentioned treatment trough and the above-mentioned product temperature sensor in the time that above-mentioned chilling operation starts or in above-mentioned chilling operation.
The invention of recording according to technical scheme 4, by setting pressure being set as make saturated-steam temperature in treatment trough and adding the pressure that both temperature of fixed temperature equates in product temperature, allowance pressure can with the less above-mentioned allowance pressure of product temperature reduced pressure just less mode change simply.
In the cooling device that the invention that technical scheme 5 is recorded is recorded in technical scheme 2, it is characterized by, it is just less that above-mentioned allowance pressure is set to the less above-mentioned allowance pressure of above-mentioned product temperature reduced pressure, or be the certain value irrelevant with above-mentioned product temperature reduced pressure; In above-mentioned chilling operation, if arriving, the pressure in above-mentioned treatment trough in above-mentioned setting pressure, adds the both pressure of constant-pressure, the decompression rate in this moment of computing, when reducing reduced pressure capabilities after the state that judges the decompression rate calculating with this reduces pressure above-mentioned setting pressure the pressure in above-mentioned treatment trough being lower than above-mentioned product temperature reduced pressure, before arriving above-mentioned setting pressure, reduce reduced pressure capabilities.
The invention of recording according to technical scheme 5, arrive setting pressure in treatment trough before, the decompression rate in this moment of computing, can adjust the reduced pressure capabilities based on this result, thereby can prevent more reliably that tracing back of cooled object from boiling and realizing the shortening of cool time.
And then, the invention that technical scheme 6 is recorded is a kind of cooling means, to realize the cooling method that is accommodated in the cooled object in treatment trough, it is characterized by, in turn comprise decompression in above-mentioned treatment trough to the chilling operation of setting pressure and reduced pressure capabilities be reduced to lower and by the slow cooling operation further reducing pressure in above-mentioned treatment trough than this chilling operation; Above-mentioned setting pressure is set to following pressure: the product temperature reduced pressure equating with the temperature of above-mentioned cooled object than the saturated-steam temperature in above-mentioned treatment trough exceeds allowance pressure; Above-mentioned allowance pressure is set in the less mode of the less above-mentioned allowance pressure of above-mentioned product temperature reduced pressure.
The invention of recording according to technical scheme 6, in by treatment trough, decompression is after exceeding the setting pressure of allowance pressure than product temperature reduced pressure, reduce reduced pressure capabilities and while further reducing pressure, allowance pressure is set in the less mode of the less above-mentioned allowance pressure of product temperature reduced pressure.Thus, for example can know in advance maybe can predict time in the temperature that is incorporated in the cooled object in treatment trough, the product temperature reduced pressure that uses the saturated-steam temperature in treatment trough to equate with the temperature (being called product temperature) of cooled object, to in treatment trough, reduce pressure to the setting pressure that exceeds allowance pressure than above-mentioned product temperature reduced pressure, reduce afterwards reduced pressure capabilities, thereby can prevent that tracing back of cooled object from boiling and realizing the shortening of cool time.And, can realize by realizing the shortening of cool time the reduction that is used to the water of the mechanism of decompressor in treatment trough and the use amount of steam.In addition because can prescribed target pressure and carry out cooling, so also can process the cooled object that can not be inserted with product temperature sensor.
According to the present invention, in by treatment trough decompression to exceeding the setting pressure of allowance pressure than product temperature reduced pressure after, reduction reduced pressure capabilities and while further reducing pressure, allowance pressure is set in the less mode of the less above-mentioned allowance pressure of product temperature reduced pressure.Thus, for example can prevent that tracing back of cooled object from boiling and realizing the shortening of cool time.And, can realize by realizing the shortening of cool time the reduction that is used to the water of the mechanism of decompressor in treatment trough and the use amount of steam.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the summary pie graph that represents an embodiment of cooling device of the present invention, represents to be applied to the example of vacuum cooling unit.
Fig. 2 is the figure that represents an example of the cooling means of the cooling device that uses Fig. 1, the relation of the pressure in elapsed time and treatment trough that expression starts from the decompression in treatment trough.
Fig. 3 is the figure that represents cooling means in the past, the relation of the pressure in elapsed time and treatment trough that expression starts from the decompression in treatment trough.
The specific embodiment
Then, embodiments of the present invention are described.
The present invention is applied to the various cooling devices with vacuum cooled function.The cooled object being cooled by the cooling device is not by special provision, but typical cooled object is food.Therefore,, describe cooled object as food.
So-called vacuum cooled refers to, to in treatment trough, reduce pressure by attracting to discharge the gas in treatment trough to outside, thereby saturated-steam temperature in treatment trough reduced and promote the moisture evaporation from food, thereby utilizing its gasification latent heat and by cooling the food in treatment trough.
Having in the device of vacuum cooled function, for example, contain vacuum cooling unit, boiling cooling device, saturated vapor conditioning device, cold wind vacuum composite cooling apparatus.Vacuum cooling unit is the device of decompression in treatment trough being realized to the vacuum cooled of the food in treatment trough.Boiling cooling device is, after realizing the heating of the food in treatment trough by steam, will in treatment trough, reduce pressure, and realizes the device of the vacuum cooled of the food in treatment trough.Saturated vapor conditioning device is, adjust the saturated-steam temperature in treatment trough by the pressure of adjusting in treatment trough, realizing the device of the heating of the food in treatment trough by the saturated vapor of preferred temperature, is can be according to the device of vacuum cooled required and that realize the food in treatment trough by reducing pressure in treatment trough after heating and regulating.And then cold wind vacuum composite cooling apparatus is, can realizing food based in treatment trough, to blow the cold wind of cold wind cooling and based on being accommodated with the device of the vacuum cooled reducing pressure in the treatment trough of food.
In vacuum cooling unit, boiling cooling device, saturated vapor conditioning device and cold wind vacuum composite cooling apparatus etc., no matter which kind of situation, has about formation and the running of vacuum cooled function all identical.So in following embodiment, explanation only has the vacuum cooling unit of vacuum cooled function, but can be applied to equally boiling cooling device, saturated vapor conditioning device and cold wind vacuum composite cooling apparatus etc.
Embodiment
Below, explain specific embodiment of the present invention with reference to accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is the summary pie graph that represents the use state of an embodiment of cooling device of the present invention, and partly cut-away is represented.The cooling device of the present embodiment is vacuum cooling unit.
This cooling device 1 has: treatment trough 3, and the food 2 being cooled is wanted in storage; The mechanism of decompressor 4, attracts to discharge gas in this treatment trough 3 and by interior treatment trough 3 decompression to outside; Pressure recovers mechanism 5, to the treatment trough 3 interior importing extraneous gas being depressurized and by interior treatment trough 3 recovery pressure; Pressure sensor 6, the pressure in Check processing groove 3; Product temperature sensor 7, detects the temperature (product temperature) that is incorporated in the food 2 in treatment trough 3; Controlling organization 8, the detection signal based on these sensors 6,7 etc. are controlled above-mentioned each mechanism 4,5.
The treatment trough 3 of the present embodiment is metal tank body, and it has: treatment trough main body 9, has hollow bulb to front openings; Door (omit diagram), opens and closes the peristome of this treatment trough main body 9.To the storage of the food 2 in treatment trough 3, can carry out via the lorry of turnover treatment trough 3 (omitting diagram), also as shown example like that by carrying out correspondence at the interior frame plate 10 that arranges for the treatment of trough 3.In addition, food 2 is put into aptly the container 11 of restaurant's vessel etc. and is contained to treatment trough 3.After food 2 is accommodated in treatment trough 3, by being closed, door make the hollow bulb for the treatment of trough main body 9 airtight.
In treatment trough 3, as described above, be provided with pressure sensor 6 and product temperature sensor 7.The product temperature sensor 7 of the present embodiment, is inserted into food 2 by thermometric portion and the temperature of detection food 2.
Treatment trough 3 is connected the mechanism of decompressor 4 for the treatment of trough 3 interior decompressions with attract to discharge air in treatment trough 3 and steam to outside.In the present embodiment, in the exhaust line 12 that starts from treatment trough 3, start to be provided with successively the vavuum pump 16 of steam jet ejector 13, heat exchanger 14, check-valves 15 and hydrolock from treatment trough 3 sides.
Heat exchanger 14 makes the steam in exhaust line 12 cooling and condense.Therefore, heat exchanger 14 is handed over feed water valve 23 via heat and is supplied feedwater and discharge water.By the steam in exhaust line 12 is condensed in advance, the load of the vavuum pump 16 after can alleviating and effectively realize the decompression in treatment trough 3.
As known, supply is called as the water of water shutoff and moves the vavuum pump 16 of hydrolock.Therefore, make for feedwater via water shutoff supply valve 24 to vavuum pump 16 and be discharged from water.In the time that vavuum pump 16 is moved, water shutoff supply valve 24 is opened with vavuum pump 16 interlocks.
On treatment trough 3, be connected with to being depressurized the interior importing extraneous gas for the treatment of trough 3 pressure of interior treatment trough 3 recovery pressure is recovered to mechanism 5.In the present embodiment, in the confession gas circuit 25 to treatment trough 3, be in turn provided with sterilizing filter 26, steam supply valve 27 and check-valves 28 towards treatment trough 3.Thereby, in treatment trough 3, be depressurized under state, can be via filter 26 to the interior importing extraneous gas for the treatment of trough 3 and by interior treatment trough 3 recovery pressure if open 27 of steam supply valves.
The mechanism of decompressor 4 or pressure recover mechanism 5 and are controlled by controlling organization 8.This controlling organization 8, for the detection signal based on above-mentioned each sensor 6,7 etc. is controlled the controller 29 of above-mentioned each mechanism 4,5.Particularly, vacuum valve 18, steam supply valve 22, heat hand over feed water valve 23, vavuum pump 16, water shutoff supply valve 24, steam supply valve 27, pressure sensor 6 and product temperature sensor 7 to be connected on controller 29.And controller 29 is as described below, realize the vacuum cooled of the food 2 in treatment trough 3 according to set order (program).
Below, illustrate the cooling means of the cooling device 1 that uses the present embodiment.The cooling means of the present embodiment be following vacuum cooled method in turn carry out by interior treatment trough 3 decompression to the chilling operation of setting pressure, reduced pressure capabilities is reduced to lower and by the slow cooling operation for the treatment of trough 3 interior further decompressions than this chilling operation.Before so a series of vacuum cooled, food 2 that will be cooling is accommodated in treatment trough 3, and closes the door for the treatment of trough 3.Be incorporated in the food 2 in treatment trough 3, sometimes according to required and be cooled in advance to a certain degree by other cooling device (drum Air cooler and differential pressure cooling device).
In the time reducing pressure from atmospheric pressure in by treatment trough 3 for chilling operation, make steam supply valve 27 close, on the other hand, make vacuum valve 18 and water shutoff supply valve 24 open, under this state, make vavuum pump 16 actions.Conventionally at the initial stage of chilling operation, heat is handed over feed water valve 23 to close and made water not flow to heat exchanger 14, when both exceeded fixed temperature through the outlet temperature (temperature in the pipe arrangement to vavuum pump 16 in the exhaust line 12 for the treatment of trough 3, from heat exchanger 14) of certain hour or heat exchanger 14, open heat and hand over feed water valve 23 and make current direction heat exchanger 14.And, in the outlet temperature of heat exchanger 14 and then while both rising to fixed temperature, as the cooling water of heat exchanger 14, can be in advance by the cooling water of cold machine (omitting diagram).In addition, make steam supply valve 22 close and make steam jet ejector 13 be failure to actuate at the initial stage of chilling operation, during in the decompression along with in treatment trough 3 and by interior treatment trough 3 further decompression, for example, if decompression utilizes 16 pressure that can reach of vavuum pump (45hPa) to deficiency, open steam supply valve 22 and steam jet ejector 13 is also moved.
After slow cooling operation in, reduced pressure capabilities is reduced to lower than chilling operation, realize the further decompression in treatment trough 3.At this, can for example suitably open pent steam supply valve 27 in chilling operation, by the mechanism of decompressor 4 by interior treatment trough 3 decompression.Particularly, if steam supply valve 27 is for magnetic valve can make its switching by decompression as required in treatment trough 3, if can adjusting aperture for motor-driven valve, steam supply valve 27 will in treatment trough 3, reduce pressure as required.In any situation, the relation of the goal pressure in elapsed time and treatment trough 3 is all preset, and adjusts decompression rate and realizes the decompression in treatment trough 3 by this.
But the adjustment of the decompression rate in slow cooling operation, is not limited to this and can suitably changes.For example, multiple confession gas circuits 25 in treatment trough 3 also can be set side by side, and at each for steam supply valve 27 being set in gas circuit 25, change opening quantity and control among the multiple steam supply valves 27 that so arrange.Or, also can in the way of exhaust line 12, connect extraneous gas importing road (omitting diagram), adjust the switching and the aperture that are arranged on the extraneous gas importing valve (omitting diagram) on this extraneous gas importing road.And then, can adjust the aperture of vacuum valve 18 or use converter and change the rotating speed of vavuum pump 16.Also these multiple methods can be combined.No matter any situation is conventionally all closed steam supply valve 27 and extraneous gas and is imported valve etc. in chilling operation, does not limit reduced pressure capabilities and by interior treatment trough 3 decompression, after slow cooling operation in, adjustment reduced pressure capabilities.
As shown in Figure 2, in chilling operation by interior treatment trough 3 decompression to setting pressure P1, exceed the pressure of allowance pressure P 3 but this setting pressure P1 is set to the product temperature reduced pressure P2 equating with the detected temperatures of product temperature sensor 7 than the saturated-steam temperature in treatment trough 3.; if be depressurized in treatment trough 3; the saturated-steam temperature accompanying in treatment trough 3 therewith reduces; if but saturated-steam temperature in treatment trough 3 is widely lower than product temperature; may cause food 2 to trace back and boil, the pressure P 1 that the product temperature reduced pressure the P2 therefore saturated-steam temperature than in treatment trough 3 being equated with product temperature exceeds allowance pressure P 3 is set as setting pressure.
In chilling operation, along with the decompression in treatment trough 3, the food 2 in treatment trough 3 is by vacuum cooled, and product temperature drop is low.So, can be the product temperature reducing gradually in chilling operation, the initial stage product temperature maybe can start for chilling operation time for trying to achieve the product temperature of product temperature reduced pressure P2 and setting pressure P1.
And in the present invention, above-mentioned allowance pressure P 3 is set in the less mode of the less above-mentioned allowance pressure of product temperature reduced pressure P2.Because the higher decompression rate of product temperature reduced pressure P2 is just faster, carry out in advance the preparation of shifting to slow cooling operation so allowance pressure P 3 must be increased, because the less decompression rate of product temperature reduced pressure P2 is just slower, so allowance pressure P 3 can be reduced, because if do not reduce to produce waste on cool time.And, if cool time is elongated, correspondingly causes for the water shutoff of vavuum pump 16, increase respectively for the cooling water of heat exchanger 14 and for the quantity of steam of steam jet ejector 13.But, if allowance pressure P 3 is too small, in setting pressure P1, reduces decompression rate and have little time, increase the possibility that treatment trough internal pressure exceedes product temperature reduced pressure P2.So, consider such fact and definite allowance pressure P 3 and setting pressure P1.
If the less allowance of product temperature reduced pressure P2 pressure P 3 is just less, the establishing method of above-mentioned setting pressure P1 is not particularly limited, but in the present embodiment using the pressure of the setting ratio of product temperature reduced pressure P2 as setting pressure.As this setting ratio, consider above-mentioned situation, for example use 110～150%, preferably use 110～130%.Setting ratio can be fixed value, but preferably can set changeably.
The lower limit that ratio is set in order is 110%, make higher limit be 150% (preferably 130%), this is for example, because when not enough lower limit (105%), in the time that product temperature reduced pressure P2 is for example 35hPa, setting pressure P1 is 36.75hPa, allowance pressure P 3 is reduced to 1.75hPa, be able to do in time if reduce the adjustment of decompression rate, can approach at short notice product temperature reduced pressure P2, but under the degree of decompression of moving at steam jet ejector 13, can cause decompression sharply, can not adjust to the decompression rate of expectation in during lowering the allowance pressure of 1.75hPa.In addition, for example, in the time exceeding higher limit (155%), in the time that product temperature reduced pressure P2 is for example 35hPa, setting pressure P1 is 54.25hPa, and allowance pressure P 3 increases to 19.25hPa, produces waste on cool time.
In the present embodiment, setting ratio is for example 120%.120% the pressure that is product temperature reduced pressure P2 is used as setting pressure P1.By so, using the setting ratio of product temperature reduced pressure P2 as setting pressure P1, the mode that can just more automatically reduce with the less allowance of product temperature reduced pressure P2 pressure P 3 is set.
Fig. 2 is an example that has represented to use the cooling means of the cooling device 1 of the present embodiment, represents the relation of the pressure in the elapsed time and the treatment trough 3 that start from decompression in treatment trough 3.In the figure, the temperature of the food 2 when solid line represents cooling beginning is the situation of 50 ℃, and the temperature of the food 2 when dotted line represents cooling beginning is the situation of 10 ℃.
First the product temperature while, describing cooling beginning is the situation of 50 ℃.Now, it is the saturated vapour pressure of 50 ℃ that product temperature reduced pressure P2 is defined as saturated-steam temperature, is 123hPa.And 120% value that setting pressure P1 is this 123hPa, is 148hPa.Thereby, by interior treatment trough 3 decompression in treatment trough 3 be setting pressure P1 (=148hPa) afterwards, adjustment reduced pressure capabilities and by interior treatment trough 3 further decompression.Allowance pressure P 3 now, for deduct the value of product temperature reduced pressure P2 (=123hPa) from setting pressure P1 (=148hPa), is 25hPa.
Then the product temperature while, describing cooling beginning is the situation of 10 ℃.In addition, situation distinguishes in order to be 50 ℃ with initial stage product temperature for setting pressure P1, product temperature reduced pressure P2 and allowance pressure P 3, and product temperature is to have added mark in the situation of 10 ℃ in the early stage, is sometimes labeled as P1 ', P2 ' and P3 '.When product temperature is 10 ℃ in the early stage, it is the saturated vapour pressure of 10 ℃ that product temperature reduced pressure P2 ' is defined as saturated-steam temperature, is 12.3hPa.And 120% value that setting pressure P1 ' is this 12.3hPa, is 14.8hPa.Thereby, by interior treatment trough 3 decompression in treatment trough 3 be setting pressure P1 ' (=14.8hPa) afterwards, adjustment reduced pressure capabilities and by interior treatment trough 3 further decompression.Allowance pressure P 3 now ' for deduct the value of product temperature reduced pressure P2 ' (=12.3hPa) from setting pressure P1 ' (=14.8hPa), be 2.5hPa.
In the time that the situation that by initial stage product temperature is the situation of 50 ℃ and 10 ℃ compares, as mentioned above, be that 25hPa is relative with the former allowance pressure P 3, the latter's allowance pressure P 3 ' be 2.5hPa.So, in the present embodiment, it is just less that allowance pressure P 3 is set to the less above-mentioned allowance pressure P 3 of product temperature reduced pressure P2.Thereby, can prevent that tracing back of food 2 from boiling and realizing the shortening of cool time by easy method, and can realize the reduction for the treatment of the water of the mechanism of decompressor 4 in groove 3 and the use amount of steam.
As mentioned above, if set with regard to less mode with the less allowance of product temperature reduced pressure P2 pressure P 3, the establishing method of setting pressure P1 is not particularly limited.Thereby setting pressure P1, except being the pressure of setting ratio of product temperature reduced pressure P2, can also set as follows., setting pressure P1 can be set as following pressure: in the detected temperatures of the saturated-steam temperature in treatment trough 3 and the product temperature sensor 7 in the time that chilling operation starts or in chilling operation, add the pressure that both temperature of fixed temperature equates.This is fixed temperature both, by with above-described embodiment in the situation of setting ratio set in the same manner, be for example set in the scope of 2～5 ℃.
Particularly, above-mentioned both fixed temperatures are for example set to 3 ℃.Now, if product temperature while beginning cooling is 50 ℃, setting pressure P1 is defined as saturated-steam temperature in treatment trough 3 for to add both saturated vapour pressures of the temperature (53 ℃) of fixed temperature (3 ℃) in product temperature (50 ℃), is 143hPa.Thereby, by interior treatment trough 3 decompression in treatment trough 3 be setting pressure P1 (=143hPa) afterwards, adjustment reduced pressure capabilities and by interior treatment trough 3 further decompression.Allowance pressure P 3 now, for deduct the value of product temperature reduced pressure P2 (=123hPa) from setting pressure P1 (=143hPa), is 20hPa.
In addition, if product temperature while beginning cooling is 10 ℃, setting pressure P1 is defined as saturated-steam temperature in treatment trough 3 for to add both saturated vapour pressures of the temperature (13 ℃) of fixed temperature (3 ℃) in product temperature (10 ℃), is 15hPa.Thereby, by interior treatment trough 3 decompression in treatment trough 3 be setting pressure P1 (=15hPa) afterwards, adjustment reduced pressure capabilities and by interior treatment trough 3 further decompression.Allowance pressure P 3 now, for deduct the value of product temperature reduced pressure P2 (=12.3hPa) from setting pressure P1 (=15hPa), is 2.7hPa.
In addition, also can substitute the formation of above-described embodiment or in addition, control as follows.; in chilling operation; for example, if the pressure in treatment trough 3 arrives the pressure that adds set pressure P 4 (counting hPa) on setting pressure P1; the decompression rate in this moment of computing; when reducing reduced pressure capabilities after the state that judges the decompression rate calculating with this reduces pressure setting pressure P1 the pressure in treatment trough 3 being lower than product temperature reduced pressure P2 (comprising lower than the situation more than set), can before arriving setting pressure, reduce reduced pressure capabilities.Now, above-mentioned allowance pressure P 3 and/or above-mentioned set pressure P 4, can be set to the less above-mentioned allowance pressure P 3 of product temperature reduced pressure P2 and/or above-mentioned set pressure P 4 is just less, can be also the certain value irrelevant with product temperature reduced pressure.
Cooling device of the present invention and cooling means are not limited to the formation of above-described embodiment, can suitably change.Particularly, as long as in turn comprise by interior treatment trough 3 decompression to the chilling operation of setting pressure P1, reduced pressure capabilities is reduced to lower and by the slow cooling operation for the treatment of trough 3 interior further decompressions than this chilling operation, and setting pressure P1 is set to the pressure that exceeds allowance pressure P 3 than product temperature reduced pressure P2, and it is just less that allowance pressure P 3 is set to the less above-mentioned allowance pressure P 3 of product temperature reduced pressure P2, and other formation and control can suitably be changed.Thereby product temperature reduced pressure P2 not necessarily must calculate by the detected temperatures of product temperature sensor 7.For example, in the time that the product temperature that is accommodated in the food 2 in treatment trough 3 can be known in advance or predict, set as above-mentioned product temperature reduced pressure P2 the pressure that the saturated-steam temperature in treatment trough 3 equates with product temperature, thereby can prevent that tracing back of food 2 from boiling and realizing the shortening of cool time.Now, also can process the food 2 that can not be inserted with product temperature sensor 7.
In addition, in the above-described embodiments, exemplified with the example that is applied to vacuum cooling unit, but can be applied to equally boiling cooling device, saturated vapor conditioning device, cold wind vacuum composite cooling apparatus etc.,, in the situation of boiling cooling device or saturated vapor conditioning device, can arrange in the above-described embodiments to the steam supply mechanism of the interior supply steam for the treatment of trough 3.Thus, after realizing the heating of food 2, can interior treatment trough 3 decompression realized by the mechanism of decompressor 4 to the vacuum cooled of food 2 to the interior supply steam for the treatment of trough 3 by steam supply mechanism.But steam supply mechanism, except the steam from boiler etc. to the interior supply for the treatment of trough 3, also can make to be stored in advance the water evaporation in treatment trough 3 by heater.In addition, in the situation of cold wind vacuum composite cooling apparatus, mechanism's (cooler and fan) that can cold wind be produced in the interior setting for the treatment of trough 3 in the above-described embodiments.Thus, can realize based on by being accommodated with the vacuum cooled for the treatment of trough 3 interior decompressions of food 2 and food 2 based in treatment trough 3, to blow the cold wind of cold wind cooling.
And then each formation of the mechanism of decompressor 4 and pressure recovery mechanism 5 is not limited to the formation of above-described embodiment.For example, the mechanism of decompressor 4 can omit in the above-described embodiments steam jet ejector 13 or replacement heat exchanger 14 and vavuum pump 16 and use water ejector.In addition, recovering mechanism 5 as pressure can arrange side by side multiple confession gas circuits 25 and on separately, magnetic valve is set.
Claims (6)
1. a cooling device, is characterized by,
Have:
Treatment trough, storage cooled object; With
The mechanism of decompressor, attracts the gas in this treatment trough of discharge to outside and will in above-mentioned treatment trough, reduce pressure; With
Pressure recovers mechanism, will in above-mentioned treatment trough, recover pressure to importing extraneous gas in the above-mentioned treatment trough being depressurized; With
Pressure sensor, detects the pressure in above-mentioned treatment trough,
Can in turn carry out decompression in above-mentioned treatment trough to the chilling operation of setting pressure and reduced pressure capabilities is reduced to lower and by the slow cooling operation further reducing pressure in above-mentioned treatment trough than this chilling operation;
Above-mentioned setting pressure is set to following pressure: the product temperature reduced pressure equating with the temperature of above-mentioned cooled object than the saturated-steam temperature in above-mentioned treatment trough exceeds allowance pressure;
Above-mentioned allowance pressure is set in the less mode of the less above-mentioned allowance pressure of above-mentioned product temperature reduced pressure.
2. cooling device as claimed in claim 1, is characterized by, and also has the product temperature sensor that detects the temperature that is incorporated in the cooled object in above-mentioned treatment trough,
The detected temperatures of above-mentioned product temperature sensor when above-mentioned product temperature reduced pressure starts based on above-mentioned chilling operation or in above-mentioned chilling operation and calculating;
Above-mentioned allowance pressure is set with regard to less mode with the less above-mentioned allowance pressure of above-mentioned product temperature reduced pressure.
3. cooling device as claimed in claim 2, is characterized by,
Above-mentioned setting pressure is set to the pressure of the setting ratio of above-mentioned product temperature reduced pressure, and the detected temperatures of above-mentioned product temperature sensor when described product temperature reduced pressure starts based on above-mentioned chilling operation or in above-mentioned chilling operation calculates.
4. cooling device as claimed in claim 2, is characterized by,
Above-mentioned setting pressure is set to following pressure: in the detected temperatures of the saturated-steam temperature in above-mentioned treatment trough and the above-mentioned product temperature sensor in the time that above-mentioned chilling operation starts or in above-mentioned chilling operation, add the pressure that both temperature of fixed temperature equates.
5. cooling device as claimed in claim 2, is characterized by,
It is just less that above-mentioned allowance pressure is set to the less above-mentioned allowance pressure of above-mentioned product temperature reduced pressure, or be the certain value irrelevant with above-mentioned product temperature reduced pressure;
In above-mentioned chilling operation, if arriving, the pressure in above-mentioned treatment trough in above-mentioned setting pressure, adds the both pressure of constant-pressure, the decompression rate in this moment of computing, when reducing reduced pressure capabilities after the state that judges the decompression rate calculating with this reduces pressure above-mentioned setting pressure the pressure in above-mentioned treatment trough being lower than above-mentioned product temperature reduced pressure, before arriving above-mentioned setting pressure, reduce reduced pressure capabilities.
6. a cooling means, is to realize the cooling method that is accommodated in the cooled object in treatment trough, it is characterized by,
In turn comprise decompression in above-mentioned treatment trough to the chilling operation of setting pressure and reduced pressure capabilities be reduced to lower and by the slow cooling operation further reducing pressure in above-mentioned treatment trough than this chilling operation;
Above-mentioned setting pressure is set to following pressure: the product temperature reduced pressure equating with the temperature of above-mentioned cooled object than the saturated-steam temperature in above-mentioned treatment trough exceeds allowance pressure;
Above-mentioned allowance pressure is set in the less mode of the less above-mentioned allowance pressure of above-mentioned product temperature reduced pressure.
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| JP2009-022335 | 2009-02-03 | ||
| JP2009022335A JP5251557B2 (en) | 2009-02-03 | 2009-02-03 | Cooling device and cooling method |
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| JP5898967B2 (en) * | 2012-01-17 | 2016-04-06 | 株式会社サムソン | Vacuum cooling device |
| EP2832242B1 (en) | 2013-08-01 | 2021-02-24 | Glavatec AG | Method for controlling a vacuum cooling device |
| JP6601275B2 (en) * | 2016-03-08 | 2019-11-06 | 三浦工業株式会社 | Vacuum cooling device |
| JP6647095B2 (en) * | 2016-03-17 | 2020-02-14 | 株式会社サムソン | Vacuum cooling device |
| CN107242754A (en) * | 2017-07-20 | 2017-10-13 | 山东省科学院能源研究所 | Hot water quickly cooling device |
| JP7173526B2 (en) * | 2018-06-08 | 2022-11-16 | 株式会社品川工業所 | Cooled food manufacturing method and vacuum cooling device |
| JP7167572B2 (en) * | 2018-09-13 | 2022-11-09 | 三浦工業株式会社 | vacuum cooling system |
| JP7223319B2 (en) * | 2018-12-17 | 2023-02-16 | 三浦工業株式会社 | vacuum cooling system |
| CN110735807B (en) * | 2019-11-26 | 2021-04-13 | 安徽德睿智能技术有限公司 | Fan control device |
| JP7354799B2 (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2023-10-03 | 三浦工業株式会社 | vacuum cooling device |
| CN114485022B (en) * | 2020-10-27 | 2023-10-10 | 海信冰箱有限公司 | Refrigerator with a refrigerator body |
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| JP4055684B2 (en) * | 2003-09-05 | 2008-03-05 | 三浦工業株式会社 | Vacuum steam cooker |
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| JPH11294800A (en) * | 1998-04-15 | 1999-10-29 | Miura Co Ltd | Control method and ice storage detector for ice storing water chiller |
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| JP4055684B2 (en) * | 2003-09-05 | 2008-03-05 | 三浦工業株式会社 | Vacuum steam cooker |
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| JP2010181042A (en) | 2010-08-19 |
| JP5251557B2 (en) | 2013-07-31 |
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