Background technology
The light steel assembled house of prior art is finished by light steel frame, wallboard, floor and roof panel assembling usually, occurs following several defectives usually:
One, penetrating slit usually appears in the junction of wallboard and light steel column, causes heat bridge/cold bridge phenomenon;
Two, the slit also appears in splicing place easily between the plate, causes heat bridge/cold bridge phenomenon;
Three, wallboard and roof panel are made of the plate of one deck or two layers of same thickness usually, are not convenient to the influence of flexible adaptation north-south climate very much;
Four, usually light steel frame exposes corrosion easily in air, and fireproof performance is relatively poor;
Five, reach the i.e. heat insulation again purpose of insulation by increasing thickness of wall body merely, but effect is relatively poor;
Six, the connected modes such as adopting bolt, rivet usually that is connected of prefabricated wallboard, floor, roof panel and light steel frame, globality is poor, and shear resistance is poor, poor seismic behavior;
Seven, the prefabricated common span of light concrete panel is little, can only be confined to use in the house of the little span of low layer;
Eight, all need built-in fitting on light steel frame and wallboard, floor, the roof panel, increased production process, also be not easy to the flexible assembling of member simultaneously;
Nine, existing thermal insulating composite panel is not easy to cutting optionally, all needs to customize in factory according to concrete size, can not finely satisfy the concrete needs of site operation;
Ten, the construction time long relatively, manually need big relatively;
11, steel using amount is bigger.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of assembled house make up of steel frame and light concrete panel, can effectively overcome the above-mentioned defective of prior art, it is good to have environmental protection, lightweight, the insulation of body of wall flexible arrangement and heat-proof quality, prevent cold/heat bridge, the house good integrity, shear resistance is strong, high strength, anticorrosion, advantages such as steel using amount is few, water saving, usable floor area increase, cost is low, anti-seismic performance is strong, fire resistance is high, soundproof effect is good, the construction time is short, cost of labor is low.
In order to realize the foregoing invention purpose, the invention provides a kind of assembled house make up of steel frame and light concrete panel, comprise steel frame, the lightweight concrete wall, lightweight concrete building plate and lightweight concrete roof plate, described steel frame comprises steel column, girder steel, and steel roof truss or truss, described lightweight concrete wall comprises outer wallboard and the internal layer wallboard that is set parallel to each other, be provided with air blanketing between described outer wallboard and the described internal layer wallboard, described internal layer wallboard is embedded between described steel column and the described girder steel, described outer wallboard is arranged on outside the described steel frame, and being connected stitch between connection between described adjacent outer wallboard seam and described adjacent inner layer wallboard is staggeredly arranged.
The present invention can be achieved as follows beneficial effect:
One, between plate and the column, between plate and the plate with connector and bonding agent be adhesively fixed, good sealing effect, eliminated cold/heat bridge phenomenon;
Two, body of wall is assembled flexibly by the wallboard of above different-thickness of one deck and different structural forms, adapts to different regions climate difference;
Three, the steel member is wrapped in body of wall the inside, prevents cold bridge (heat bridge), and is anticorrosion and improved fire resistance greatly;
Four, steel member and concrete plate use independent connector to assemble at the scene all without built-in fitting, reduce production process, be convenient to on-the-spot assembling and easy accessibility flexibly;
Five, how wallboard and roof panel improve intensity with light concrete thermal insulation composite plate or lightweight concrete hollow board, the weight that reduces plate, saving material;
Six, light concrete thermal insulation composite plate or lightweight concrete hollow board can bore, glue, follow closely, saw and dig, and are convenient to the site operation needs;
Seven, construction period is short, is approximately common brick and mixes 1/6 of the structure building cycle, alleviates manpower consumption;
Eight, house weight greatly alleviates, compare reduction by 70% with the weight of common brick-concrete composite buildings, only be 30~40 kilograms/every square metre, save steel 30~40%, save cost 10~15%, increase building usable floor area 10~15%, energy-saving effect surpasses 80%, the good exterior wall sound insulation of soundproof effect is more than 45db, and water saving reaches 30 kilograms every square metre in the construction, saves cement 50%.
The specific embodiment
Fig. 1 is an assembled house make up of steel frame and light concrete panel structural representation of the present invention, as shown in Figure 1, this assembled house make up of steel frame and light concrete panel 1 comprises steel frame and light concrete panel member, and wherein steel frame comprises steel column 2 and girder steel 3, and the steel roof truss 4 that is equipped with steel purlin bar 5.Elder generation's affixed girder steel 3 on steel column 2 constitutes the framework in houses, again steel roof truss 4 is fixed in the main body steel skeleton construction that forms the house on this framework, and steel purlin bar 5 is fixed on the steel roof truss 4, the affixed mode that can adopt existing those skilled in the art to use always between steel column 2, girder steel 3, steel roof truss 4 and the steel purlin bar 5 connects, for example adopt welding or be spirally connected or riveted way affixed, finally form the steel skeleton construction in house; Then prefabricated lightweight concrete wall 6, lightweight concrete building plate 7 and lightweight concrete roof plate 8 are assembled on the corresponding position according to design, particularly, lightweight concrete wall 6 is assemblied in the body of wall that forms the house between steel column 2 and the girder steel 3, lightweight concrete building plate 7 is assemblied in the floor that forms the house between the girder steel 3, lightweight concrete roof plate 8 is assemblied in the roofing that forms the house on the steel roof truss 4, finally is assembled into complete house.
In the house provided by the invention, extremely shown in Figure 9 as Fig. 2, lightweight concrete wall 6 is a double-layer structure, comprise the outer wallboard 16 and the internal layer wallboard 15 that are set parallel to each other, be provided with air blanketing 17 between outer wallboard 16 and the internal layer wallboard 15, internal layer wallboard 15 is embedded between steel column 2 and the girder steel 3, and outer wallboard 16 is arranged on outside the steel frame of steel column 2 and girder steel 3 formations.During the assembling house, the end of internal layer adjacent wallboard 15 is adhesively fixed by wallboard connector 9, this wallboard connector 9 is welded on the girder steel 3, and internal layer wallboard 15 is affixed by wallboard connector 9 and girder steel 3 like this, and internal layer wallboard 15 is also affixed by grillage connector 10 and steel column 2.
Two blocks of adjacent internal layer wallboards 15 can be adhesively fixed by adhesive-applying on contact surface particularly, by wallboard connector 9 two blocks of internal layer adjacent wallboards 15 are located by connecting in the end, also can be bonding between wallboard connector 9 and the internal layer wallboard 15 by bonding agent; Can and closely link together several internal layer wallboard 15 relative fixed by the way, and for example carry out welding manner by wallboard connector 9 and girder steel 3 and fixedly connected; With a side mosaic bonding of the close steel column 2 of internal layer wallboard 15 in the groove of grillage connector 10 or directly mosaic bonding in the groove of " H " shape steel column 2, again grillage connector 10 is welded on the steel column 2, finish affixed with internal layer wallboard 15 steel columns 2.Two adjacent lightweight concrete building plates 7 are adhesively fixed by adhesive-applying on contact surface, and the minor face of lightweight concrete building plate 7 is fixedlyed connected by modes such as welding with girder steel 3; Adjacent two blocks of lightweight concrete roof plates 8 are adhesively fixed by adhesive-applying on contact surface, and by bolt lightweight concrete roof plate 8 and steel purlin bar 5 are linked together.The affixed mode of plate and connector can also be for being spirally connected or mode such as riveted joint.
In the house provided by the invention, outer wallboard 16 is arranged on outside the steel frame, outer particularly wallboard fixed form can comprise following two kinds, a kind of is to fix by bonding agent with to wearing connector, another kind is to fix by dry hanging article, and two kinds of fixed forms are all stitched the setting of staggering mutually with being connected between the seam of the connection between adjacent outer wallboard and described adjacent inner layer wallboard.By bonding agent with to wearing connector for example be to wearing the mode that bolt fixes: in air blanketing 17, be provided with several adhesive spots 11, outer wallboard 16 and internal layer wallboard 15 are adhesively fixed by the bonding agent that is arranged on the adhesive spots 11, for fixed outer layer wallboard 16 more stably, on the basis bonding with bonding agent, between internal layer wallboard 15 and outer wallboard 16, be provided with wearing bolt 12, by internal layer wallboard 15 and outer wallboard 16 being linked together to wearing bolt 12, and make internal layer wallboard 15 and the 16 interlaced settings of outer wallboard, this kind fixed form generally is used for the one storey house structure.The mode of fixing by dry hanging article is for to be arranged on outer wallboard 16 outside the steel frame by dry hanging article 19, dry hanging article 19 comprises fillet 20 and suspension member limit 21, fillet 20 and suspension member limit 21 are "T"-shaped structure, fillet 20 is affixed with girder steel 3, suspension member limit 21 is hooked in the groove of two adjacent outer wallboard 16 ends of floor up and down, this kind fixed form generally is used for the multistoried building structure, after dry hanging article 19 and girder steel 3 are affixed, the outer wallboard that is respectively last layer of 21 hooks in suspension member limit of dry hanging article 19 and the outer wallboard of following one deck.Use the outer wallboard of dry hanging article hook, with outer wallboard and the interlaced setting of internal layer position of wallboards, promptly outer wallboard can shelter from the slit between two adjacent internal layer wallboards, and this structure can be avoided the generation of cold/heat bridge phenomenon preferably.In above-mentioned two kinds of wallboard fixed forms, the internal layer wallboard is embedded in the steel frame of girder steel and steel column composition, has higher stiffness and intensity, can strengthen lateral force resistance, avoids caving in because of rocking; Plug-in the fixing with the internal layer wallboard of outer wallboard is crisscross arranged, and avoids the generation of cold/heat bridge phenomenon; And, between internal layer wallboard and outer wallboard, have air blanketing, because the coefficient of thermal conductivity of air is less, therefore can reach warming heat insulation purpose.
In the house provided by the invention, lightweight concrete roof plate also can be made double-layer structure, lightweight concrete roof plate comprises outer roof panel and the internal layer roof panel that is set parallel to each other particularly, and the connection of described adjacent outer roof panel seam stitches setting interlaced with each other with being connected of described adjacent inner layer roof panel, can avoid the generation of cold/heat bridge phenomenon equally.
Have in the house of two-layer lightweight concrete wall and/or lightweight concrete roof plate, the internal layer wallboard can be selected different sheet material according to the actual requirements with outer wallboard, for example outer wallboard can be lightweight concrete composite insulation boards or lightweight concrete hollow board, and the internal layer wallboard can be lightweight concrete composite insulation boards or lightweight concrete hollow board or lightweight concrete solid slab; Outer roof panel can be lightweight concrete composite insulation boards or lightweight concrete hollow board, and the internal layer roof panel can be lightweight concrete composite insulation boards or lightweight concrete hollow board or lightweight concrete solid slab.Again further, if when selecting the lightweight concrete hollow board as outer wallboard or outer roof panel, the two ends up and down of lightweight concrete hollow board can be provided with hole, make whole lightweight concrete hollow board become the hollow via-hole structure, the lightweight concrete hollow board of this structure can utilize aerodynamic principle, make air between the through hole of lamina rara externa and outside air, form cross-ventilation, reach warming heat insulation purpose more effectively.
Lightweight concrete building plate related in the present embodiment can adopt two types floor, and a kind of is to have the floor that steel encloses frame, and another kind is the floor that is provided with built-in fitting at the minor face place.Has the floor that steel encloses frame if use, then steel can be enclosed frame and girder steel when assembling is fixed together by welding or the mode of being spirally connected, if use floor, then when assembling, built-in fitting and girder steel can be fixed together by welding or the mode of being spirally connected with built-in fitting.
In the above-described embodiments, can require difference according to the building structure of being built, when for example building factory building, can replace being provided with the steel roof truss of steel purlin bar with truss, and lightweight concrete roof plate is fixed on the truss, other assembly structure is identical, repeats no more herein.
Assembled house make up of steel frame and light concrete panel provided by the invention links together adjacent sheet metal by connector independently, has reduced the slit between the adjacent sheet metal, has improved sealing, has eliminated cold/heat bridge phenomenon; Steel member and lightweight concrete wall use independent connector to assemble at the scene, reduce production process, be convenient to on-the-spot assembling and dismounting flexibly, shorten construction period; Used various sheet materials are prefabricated, can bore, glue, follow closely, saw and dig, and are convenient to the site operation needs.Assembled house make up of steel frame and light concrete panel steel frame provided by the invention is assembled by the lightweight section member, alleviates the house overall weight; Certainly adopt heavy steel to build steel frame also within protection scope of the present invention.
Assembled house make up of steel frame and light concrete panel provided by the invention can be arranged to sandwich construction with body of wall in order to adapt to the difference of different regional climates, to reach the insulation purpose.Present embodiment with the lightweight concrete wall be two-layer be that example describes.
The cross section of the described steel column of using in the assembled house make up of steel frame and light concrete panel provided by the invention is " H " shape or square or rectangle, the cross section of described girder steel is " H " shape or square or rectangle, the flute profile that described grillage connector and described wallboard connector are an end opening or " H " shape.
As shown in Figure 2, when steel column 2 is square steel pipe, body of wall comprises outer wallboard 16 and the internal layer wallboard 15 that is set parallel to each other, be provided with air blanketing 17 between outer wallboard 16 and the internal layer wallboard 15, in air blanketing 17, be provided with several adhesive spots 11, on adhesive spots 11 bonding agent be set, outer wallboard 16 and internal layer wallboard 15 are adhesively fixed by the bonding agent on the adhesive spots 11.Outer wallboard 16 and internal layer wallboard 15 are lightweight concrete composite insulation boards, internal layer wallboard 15 is connected with the grillage connector 10 of steel column 2 by the flute profile of an end opening, grillage connector 10 sealing one ends and the steel column 2 sides welding or bonding of the flute profile of one end opening, opening one end is inlayed an end of internal layer wallboard 15 into and is adhesively fixed with bonding agent, the side of internal layer wallboard 15 is meshed in twos, be adhesively fixed with bonding agent, the bonding agent with adhesive spots 11 between internal layer wallboard 15 and the outer wallboard 16 is adhesively fixed.For strengthening the stability of outer wallboard, using on the basis of adhesive bonds, can also be with internal layer wallboard 15 and outer wallboard 16 being connected and fixed further to wearing bolt 12.As shown in the figure, outer wallboard 16 and internal layer wallboard 15 are interlaced settings, the seam that is connected that is to say slit between the internal layer adjacent wallboard 15 and steel column 2 and adjacent outer wallboard 16 is staggeredly arranged, the connection seam of internal layer wallboard 15 and steel column 2 can block by outer wallboard 16 like this, avoid occurring cold/heat bridge phenomenon.
As shown in Figure 3, when steel column 2 is " H " shape steel, outer wallboard 16 and internal layer wallboard 15 are lightweight concrete composite insulation boards, wherein the side of two internal layer wallboards 15 of steel column 2 both sides is inlayed respectively in two grooves of " H " shape steel column 2, and be adhesively fixed with bonding agent and steel column 2, the side of internal layer wallboard 15 is meshed in twos, is adhesively fixed with bonding agent.Bonding agent with adhesive spots 11 between internal layer wallboard 15 and the outer wallboard 16 is adhesively fixed.For strengthening the stability of outer wallboard 16, using on the basis of adhesive bonds, can also be with internal layer wallboard 15 and outer wallboard 16 being connected and fixed further to wearing bolt 12.
As shown in Figure 4, when girder steel 3 is that the cross section of girder steel 3 is when square for square steel pipe, internal layer wallboard 15 and outer wallboard 16 are lightweight concrete composite insulation boards, internal layer wallboard 15 is connected with the wallboard connector 9 of light-duty square steel pipe girder steel 3 by the flute profile of an end opening, wallboard connector 9 sealing one ends of the flute profile of one end opening and square steel pipe girder steel 3 sides weld or are spirally connected, be inlaid with in opening one end with the top of two adjacent internal layer wallboards 15 of floor and with bonding agent and be adhesively fixed, the side of adjacent inner layer wallboard 15 is meshed in twos, is adhesively fixed with bonding agent.Outer wallboard 16 is by dry hanging article 19 plug-in being fixed on outside the internal layer wallboard 15, as shown in Figure 5, dry hanging article 19 comprises fillet 20 and suspension member limit 21, fillet 20 and suspension member limit 21 are "T"-shaped structure, during concrete the use as shown in Figure 4, fillet 20 welds with girder steel 3 or is spirally connected, and in the groove of the end of corresponding two the outer wallboard 16 of floor, reaches the purpose of fixed outer layer wallboard 16 about suspension member limit 21 is hooked on.With outer wallboard 16 and the interlaced setting in internal layer wallboard 15 positions, promptly with the connection of the adjacent outer wallboard 16 of floor seam and being connected to stitch and being staggeredly arranged with two adjacent internal layer wallboards 15 of floor, be that outer wallboard 16 shelters from the connection seam of internal layer wallboard 15 and steel column 2, girder steel 3, this structure can be avoided the generation of cold/heat bridge phenomenon preferably.
As shown in Figure 6, when girder steel 3 is " H " shape, internal layer wallboard 15, outer wallboard 16 are lightweight concrete composite insulation boards, girder steel 3 as figure are provided with, wallboard connector 9 welding of the lower surface of " H " shape girder steel and the flute profile of an end opening, to be embedded in the end of two adjacent internal layer wallboards 15 of floor in the groove of wallboard connector 9 of flute profile of an end opening, and be adhesively fixed with bonding agent; Be connected with dry hanging article 19 in girder steel 3 upper surfaces, the fillet 20 of dry hanging article 19 is welded on girder steel 3 upper surfaces particularly, the outside on the plane of internal layer wallboard 62 is stretched out on the suspension member limit 21 of dry hanging article 19, the hook end of two corresponding outer wallboards 16 of floor is up and down distinguished in both sides about in the of 21 in suspension member limit at dry hanging article 19, about being hooked on, suspension member limit 21 in the groove of two corresponding outer wallboard 16 ends of floor, reaches the purpose of fixed outer layer wallboard 16.With outer wallboard 16 and the interlaced setting in internal layer wallboard 15 positions, promptly outer wallboard 16 can shelter from the slit between two adjacent internal layer wallboards 15 of floor, and this structure can be avoided the generation of cold/heat bridge phenomenon preferably.
The present invention also comprises what Fig. 2-Fig. 6 did not illustrate, and other building mode also comprises the form that body of wall can be made of three layers of lightweight concrete wall.For keeping the effect of thermal insulation, the wallboard of one deck at least of the body of wall in described house is a lightweight concrete composite thermo-insulating wall board.
Fig. 7 is the structure of lightweight concrete wall of the present invention and the connection diagram of two lightweight concrete walls, as shown in Figure 7, adopting the lightweight concrete wall of lightweight concrete composite thermo-insulating wall board is sandwich structure, the centre of described lightweight concrete composite insulation boards is provided with insulation central layer 13, insulation central layer 13 is a polyphenyl expanded beads plate, polyurethane foam board or phenolic foam plate, the two-layer up and down of insulation central layer 13 is fly ash foam concrete layer 14, be provided with fiber reinforcement grid cloth 18 in the fly ash foam concrete layer 14, fiber reinforcement grid cloth 18 is a wire lath, glass fiber mesh, nylon wire or carbon fibre web, fiber reinforcement grid cloth 18 is two-layer, one deck is a wire lath, and another layer is a glass fiber mesh, a kind of in nylon wire or the carbon fibre web.Be provided with several ribs along direction between the two-layer fly ash foam concrete layer perpendicular to the fly ash foam concrete layer.
Insulation central layer 13 two sides of lightweight concrete composite thermo-insulating wall board are provided with some groove alternately and projectioies that stretch along this plate length direction, combine with the projection and the groove coupling of the corresponding arrangement of the fly ash foam concrete layer 14 of both sides up and down, this groove and projection are configured to the dovetail groove shape.
Two sides that are connected with adjacent panels of lightweight concrete composite thermo-insulating wall board are respectively groove and projection is used for being meshing with each other with the projection and the groove of two sides of adjacent panels, the external surface of lightweight concrete composite thermo-insulating wall board is provided with some pits and fin, has hanging effect preferably.Also be provided with presstressed reinforcing steel in the lightweight concrete wall, the span of concrete plate greatly improves.
The position of the groove of two sides that are connected with adjacent panels on the surface as the lightweight concrete composite thermo-insulating wall board of internal layer wallboard and projection, stretch first depressed part that certain width is arranged along the plate length direction, the width and the thickness of the width of described first depressed part and the degree of depth and wallboard connector match each other, be used to place described wallboard connector, the adjacent plate after feasible usefulness wallboard connector connects and the external surface of plate and wallboard connector are on a plane.In like manner lightweight concrete wall side surface is provided with second depressed part that is used to place described grillage connector.
Fig. 8 is lightweight concrete building plate structural representation among the present invention, as shown in Figure 8, lightweight concrete building plate 7 encloses frame by the floor steel and casts in the floor steel and encloses prefabricated the forming of lightweight concrete in the frame, the floor steel enclose frame comprise floor steel frame 22 and with floor steel frame 22 two steel grid faces 23 affixed, that lay respectively at floor steel frame 22 tops and bottom.Lightweight concrete building plate 7 is provided with groove and projection at two sides along its length, in order that and splicing between the adjacent lightweight concrete building plate 7, not shown in the drawings.
Fig. 9 is lightweight concrete roof plated construction schematic diagram among the present invention, as shown in Figure 9, lightweight concrete roof plate 8 is a sandwich structure, be provided with insulation central layer 13 in the middle of the lightweight concrete roof plate 8, the two-layer up and down of insulation central layer 13 is fly ash foam concrete layer 14, be provided with fiber reinforcement grid cloth 18 in the fly ash foam concrete layer 14, also be provided with reinforcing bar in the lightweight concrete roof plate 8.On the side of lightweight concrete roof plate, minor face is 40~80 degree with the angle on long limit, preferred 60~75 degree.Insulation central layer 13 is polyphenyl expanded beads plate, polyurethane foam board or phenolic foam plate.
The present invention also comprises, the situation that the internal layer wallboard in house is made of one deck or two-layer lightweight concrete hollow board.The invention provides the wallboard of different-thickness, according to actual climate temperature condition flexible combination become by two-layer or three layers of body of wall that wallboard constitutes, and this wallboard thickness two-layer or three layers are no difference or difference.
After main house body is built up, in the completely sticking one deck fiber reinforcement grid cloth of described outer wallboard.Cut out but also will carry out on-site cutting lightweight concrete wall and/or lightweight concrete roof plate.Lightweight concrete of the present invention is the foam concrete that has added 50% above flyash, and the lightweight concrete is a light aggregate concrete.Be embedded with anti-electromagnetic interference, radioresistance, infrared resistant detecting material in the described sheet material.
Assembled house make up of steel frame and light concrete panel provided by the invention by adopting two-layer wallboard, and is wrapped in the steel member between the plate, and is not only anticorrosion and improved fire resistance greatly; Thermal insulating composite panel is hollowcore slab, the weight that reduces plate, saves material, improves intensity.
Use this method and assemble assembled house make up of steel frame and light concrete panel provided by the invention, construction period is short, is approximately common brick and mixes 1/6 of the structure building cycle, alleviates manpower consumption; House weight greatly alleviates, and compares with the weight of common brick-concrete composite buildings and reduces by 70%, only is 30~40 kilograms/every square metre, save steel 30~40%, save cost 10~15%, increase building usable floor area 10~15%, energy-saving effect surpasses 80%, and soundproof effect is good.Such as, 16 cm thick body of wall sound insulation values of the present invention surpass the common brick wall of 37 cm thicks, and the exterior wall sound insulation is more than 40db, and water saving reaches 30 kilograms every square metre in the construction, saves cement 50%.