CN101795914A - 用于操作动力系的方法 - Google Patents

用于操作动力系的方法 Download PDF

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CN101795914A
CN101795914A CN200880105452A CN200880105452A CN101795914A CN 101795914 A CN101795914 A CN 101795914A CN 200880105452 A CN200880105452 A CN 200880105452A CN 200880105452 A CN200880105452 A CN 200880105452A CN 101795914 A CN101795914 A CN 101795914A
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combustion engine
power
transfer clutch
electrical motor
internal combustion
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C·米特尔贝格尔
S·布拉特纳
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ZF Friedrichshafen AG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
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    • B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
    • B60W20/40—Controlling the engagement or disengagement of prime movers, e.g. for transition between prime movers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L15/00—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/26—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the motors or the generators
    • B60K2006/268—Electric drive motor starts the engine, i.e. used as starter motor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/42—Drive Train control parameters related to electric machines
    • B60L2240/423—Torque
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/48—Drive Train control parameters related to transmissions
    • B60L2240/486—Operating parameters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/50—Drive Train control parameters related to clutches
    • B60L2240/507—Operating parameters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/04—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units
    • B60W10/06—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units including control of combustion engines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/04—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units
    • B60W10/08—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units including control of electric propulsion units, e.g. motors or generators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/10—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of change-speed gearings
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
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    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Control Of Transmission Device (AREA)
  • Hydraulic Clutches, Magnetic Clutches, Fluid Clutches, And Fluid Joints (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于操作汽车的动力系的方法，该动力系包括带有内燃机和电动机的混合动力驱动装置、设置在混合动力驱动装置与输出端之间的变速器以及设置在内燃机与电动机之间的离合器，在仅电动机驱动时，内燃机能如下起动，即闭合在内燃机与电动机之间的离合器，当在电动机工作且内燃机停机时的电动驱动的情况下由变速器在中断牵引力的情况下实施线路的换挡时，直接在实施线路的换挡之后并且在线路的负载建立期间在没有牵引力中断的情况下由电动机起动内燃机，为此设置在内燃机与电动机之间的离合器受控地闭合和打开，使得离合器通过部分闭合而打滑，以便起动内燃机，接着该离合器又完全打开，而且是在达到内燃机与电动机之间的同步转速之前完全打开。

Description

用于操作动力系的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种按权利要求1的前序部分所述的用于操作汽车的至少包括变速器和混合动力驱动装置的动力系的方法。
背景技术
汽车的动力系的主要组成部分是驱动总成和变速器。变速器转化转矩和转速并且转化驱动总成的牵引力供应。本发明涉及用于操作至少包括变速器和作为驱动总成的混合动力驱动装置的动力系的方法。
由US 2005/0221947 A1已知一种用于操作汽车的包括自动变速器和混合动力驱动装置的动力系的方法，一方面在混合动力驱动装置的内燃机与混合动力驱动装置的电动机之间设置离合器，另一方面在混合动力驱动装置的电动机与自动变速器之间设置另一个离合器。当动力系仅由混合动力驱动装置的电动机驱动时，按该现有技术混合动力驱动装置的内燃机可以如下起动，即在通过动力系的自动变速器实施升挡期间将设置在混合动力驱动装置的内燃机与其电动机之间的离合器闭合。按US2005/0221947 A1，混合动力驱动装置的电动机用于起动混合动力驱动装置的内燃机，其中内燃机的起动在实施换挡期间并因此在中断牵引力的情况下实现。
发明内容
由此出发，本发明的技术问题在于，实现一种用于操作包括变速器和混合动力驱动装置的动力系的新型方法。
上述技术问题通过按权利要求1的用于操作动力系的方法解决。按本发明，当在电动机工作且内燃机停机时的电动驱动的情况下由变速器在中断牵引力的情况下实施线路(Schaltung)的换挡时，直接在实施线路的换挡之后并且在线路的负载建立期间在没有牵引力中断的情况下由电动机起动内燃机，为此设置在内燃机与电动机之间的离合器受控地闭合和打开，使得离合器通过部分闭合而进入打滑，以便起动内燃机，并且接着该离合器又完全打开，而且是在达到内燃机与电动机之间的同步转速之前。
本发明的构思在于，在实施换挡之后在线路的负载建立期间并从而在取消牵引力中断之后由电动机起动内燃机。通过起动内燃机不延长牵引力中断，线路的通过起动内燃机改变的负载建立不被驾驶员感觉为干扰性的，使得内燃机的起动可以用高的舒适性实现。
优选内燃机在从带有相对较高传动比的挡到带有相对较低传动比的挡的升挡的负载建立期间由电动机起动。
优点在于，内燃机的起动在已挂上的带有较低传动比的挡种实现，因此作用在输出端上的惯性力矩是较少干扰性的。
本发明的优选的进一步方案由从属权利要求和后续说明得到。本发明的实施例借助于附图详细解释，但不限制于此。
附图说明
图1显示汽车的第一种动力系示意图，在此可采用本发明的方法；
图2显示汽车的第二种动力系示意图，在此可采用本发明的方法；
图3显示汽车的第三种动力系示意图，在此可采用本发明的方法。
具体实施方式
本发明涉及一种用于操作汽车的动力系的方法，该动力系至少包括变速器和混合动力驱动装置。混合动力驱动装置包括内燃机和电动机。图1至3示例地显示汽车的动力系示意图，其中可以采用本发明的方法。
图1显示汽车的动力系1的示意图，按图1的动力系1包括混合动力驱动装置，该混合动力驱动装置由内燃机2和电动机3构成。在内燃机2和电动机3之间连接离合器4，当动力系1仅由电动机3运转时，该离合器打开。除了混合动力驱动装置之外，按图1的动力系1另外包括变速器5，该变速器将由混合动力驱动装置提供的牵引力转化到动力系的输出端6即需要被驱动的车轮上。
在图2的动力系7中，在混合动力驱动装置的电动机3与变速器5之间连接离合器8。图3显示汽车的动力系9的另一示意图，按图3的动力系与按图2的动力系的区别在于，在混合动力驱动装置的电动机3与变速器5之间没有连接离合器，而是连接变矩器10。
如果按图1、2或3的动力系在离合器4打开的情况下仅由混合动力驱动装置的电动机3驱动，那么在一定的工作条件下可能必要的是，起动混合动力驱动装置的内燃机2。
在本发明的意义上，如果在电动机3工作且内燃机2停机的纯电动驱动的情况下由变速器5构成线路，那么直接在实施线路的换挡之后在线路的负载建立期间即在取消牵引力中断之后在无牵引力中断的情况下由电动机3起动内燃机2，为此在内燃机2与电动机3之间设置的离合器4被受控地闭合和打开，也就是使得离合器4通过部分闭合而打滑，以便起动内燃机，接着离合器4又完全打开，而且是在达到内燃机2与电动机3之间的同步转速之前。
因此内燃机2的起动在实施换挡之后在线路的负载建立期间实现，此时电动机3耦联到动力系的输出端6上。
按本发明的一种有利的进一步方案，在从带有相对较高传动比的挡到带有相对较低的传动比的挡的升挡的负载建立期间内燃机2由电动机3起动。其优点在于，在带有相对较低的传动比的挡已经挂上时，实现内燃机2的起动，因此降低干扰力矩并且内燃机的作用在输出端上的惯性力矩是较少干扰性的。取而代之也可能的是，在从带有相对较低的传动比的挡到带有相对较高的传动比的挡的降挡的负载建立期间由电动机3起动内燃机。
为了在需要构成的线路的负载建立期间由电动机3起动内燃机2，电动机在没有牵引力中断的情况下耦联到动力系的输出端6上，其中为了起动内燃机2，电动机3的转速大于内燃机2的起动转速。
在起动内燃机2之后，通过闭合在内燃机2与电动机3之间设置的离合器4，内燃机耦联到相应动力系的输出端6上，然后动力系由工作的电动机3和工作的内燃机3共同驱动。
在起动内燃机时在线路的负载建立期间在内燃机2与电动机3之间连接的离合器4的受控的闭合和打开如下进行，即离合器4首先直至一个点部分闭合和打滑，在该点上由离合器4传递的力矩克服内燃机2的起动转矩。
接着，离合器的部分的闭合位置并从而由离合器传递的力矩保持恒定，接着离合器又完全打开，而且是在达到内燃机2与电动机3之间的同步转速之前。
按照本发明的优选的第一种进一步方案，离合器4的上述定义的闭合和打开是定时控制的，为此在预定的第一时间段中离合器4部分闭合直至所述点，在该点上该离合器传递需要用于克服起动转矩的力矩，接着在预定的第二时间段上离合器4的所述部分的闭合位置保持恒定，接着在预定的第三时间段上离合器4又完全打开。这些时间段是预定的，它们也可以被自适应地学习。
按照本发明的优选的第二种进一步方案，为了起动内燃机2，设置在内燃机2与电动机3之间的离合器4的确定的受控的闭合和打开在线路的负载建立期间以转速控制的方式实现，为此离合器4部分闭合直至一个点，在该点上达到内燃机2的预定的第一转速阈值，在该转速阈值时克服内燃机2的起动转矩。接着在达到预定的第一转速阈值之后，离合器的达到的部分的闭合位置保持恒定，直到达到内燃机2的预定的第二转速阈值，在达到预定的第二转速阈值时内燃机2自主地起动或者加速。接着离合器4又完全打开，而且是在达到内燃机2与电动机3之间的同步转速之前将离合器4完全打开。
在用以起动内燃机2在线路的负载建立期间在设置于内燃机2与电动机3之间的离合器4的上述受控的闭合和随后的打开期间，由电动机3提供的持续地进入输出端的驱动力矩可以保持恒定。但是为了提高舒适性，另外可以在离合器4的部分闭合和紧接着的打开期间改变由电动机3提供的驱动力矩，以便补偿由离合器4传递到内燃机2上的力矩并从而保证在输出端6上的大致恒定的驱动力矩。
附图标记列表
1    动力系
2    内燃机
3    电动机
4    离合器
5    变速器
6    输出端
7    动力系
8    离合器
9    动力系
10   变矩器

Claims (8)

1.用于操作汽车的动力系的方法，所述动力系包括带有内燃机和电动机的混合动力驱动装置、设置在混合动力驱动装置与输出端之间的变速器以及设置在内燃机与电动机之间的离合器，在仅电动机驱动时，内燃机能以如下方式起动，即闭合在内燃机与电动机之间设置的离合器，其特征在于：当在电动机工作且内燃机停机时的电动驱动的情况下由变速器在中断牵引力的情况下实施线路的换挡时，直接在实施线路的换挡之后并且在线路的负载建立期间在没有牵引力中断的情况下由电动机起动内燃机，为此设置在内燃机与电动机之间的离合器受控地闭合和打开，使得离合器通过部分闭合而进入打滑，以便起动内燃机，并且接着又完全打开该离合器，而且是在内燃机与电动机之间的同步转速达到之前完全打开。
2.按权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于：内燃机在从带有相对较高传动比的挡到带有相对较低传动比的挡的升挡的负载建立期间由电动机起动。
3.按权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于：内燃机在从带有相对较低传动比的挡到带有相对较高传动比的挡的降挡的负载建立期间由电动机起动。
4.按权利要求1至3之一所述的方法，其特征在于：为了起动内燃机电动机在没有牵引力中断的情况下耦联到动力系的输出端上，并且为了起动内燃机电动机的转速继续大于内燃机的起动转速。
5.按权利要求1至4之一所述的方法，其特征在于：在起动内燃机之后，内燃机通过闭合在内燃机与电动机之间设置的离合器而耦联到输出端上，然后动力系由工作的电动机和工作的内燃机驱动。
6.按权利要求1至5之一所述的方法，其特征在于：为了起动内燃机，设置在内燃机与电动机之间的离合器首先部分闭合，使得由该离合器传递的力矩克服内燃机的起动转矩，接着离合器的部分闭合位置保持恒定，接着将离合器完全打开。
7.按权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于：离合器的部分闭合定时控制地进行，使得在预定的第一时间段中离合器部分闭合直至一个点，在该点上离合器传递需要用于克服起动转矩的力矩，接着在预定的第二时间段上离合器的部分闭合位置保持恒定，接着在预定的第三时间段上将离合器又完全打开。
8.按权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于：离合器的部分闭合以转速控制的方式实现，为此离合器部分闭合直至一个点，在该点上达到内燃机的预定的第一转速阈值，接着离合器的部分闭合位置保持恒定，直到达到内燃机的预定的第二转速阈值，接着将离合器又完全打开。
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