CN101792866B - Method for refining ferronickel by utilizing waste alumina-based nickel accelerant - Google Patents
Method for refining ferronickel by utilizing waste alumina-based nickel accelerant Download PDFInfo
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- CN101792866B CN101792866B CN2010101327563A CN201010132756A CN101792866B CN 101792866 B CN101792866 B CN 101792866B CN 2010101327563 A CN2010101327563 A CN 2010101327563A CN 201010132756 A CN201010132756 A CN 201010132756A CN 101792866 B CN101792866 B CN 101792866B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for refining ferronickel by utilizing alumina-based nickel accelerant and relates to the technical field of metallurgy. The method uses sodium salt such as caustic soda or soda ash and the like to roast the alumina-based nickel accelerant, dissolves with boiling water to obtain aqueous solution of sodium aluminate and nickel slag containing nickel, and smelts the nickalloy by processing the nickel slag by an arc furnace, an ore smelting furnace, a blast furnace or a hot blast heater and the like. The method is simple, has low cost, high utilization ratio and small pollution, can directly obtain the high-content and pure ferronickel suitable for utilization of steel enterprises and scale production, and accords with the national circular economy development policy at the same time.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to metallurgical technology field, particularly a kind of method of refining ferronickel alloy.
Background technology
Alumina-based nickel accelerant is to be widely used in oil, chemical industry, and chemical fertilizer, a kind of commercial catalysts of industries such as pharmacy, the annual depleted alumina-based nickel accelerant of China amounts to and surpasses 100,000 tons at present, and its typical chemical ingredients (weight percent) is: 60.5% Al
2O
3, 5.1% Ni, 4.31% Fe, 2.83% CaO, 1.43% MgO, 5.41% SiO
2, 2% C, 1% P, 0.2% S.Each component content and aforementioned similar in the present most waste alumina-based nickel accelerant.
At present, nickel is refined in research from waste alumina-based nickel accelerant method and patent have a lot, wherein main is through the acidleach stripping, obtain nickel precipitated metal or nickel salt through selective precipitation again, as number of patent application be 200710303806.8, name is called the Chinese invention patent application of " a kind of dissolution processing method of nickelous oxide dead catalyst "; Adopting the alkali roasting to carry out nickel slag reducing-matting smelting then in addition and obtain sulfonium nickel, is that 200310105096.x, name are called the Chinese patent application of " method that reclaims nickel and aluminium from aluminium scrap base nickel-containing catalyst " as number of patent application.These methods can both be handled a part of alumina-based nickel accelerant, still, its complex process, flow process is longer, and processing power is not strong, and utilization ratio is low, and is simultaneously seriously polluted, is difficult to realize industrial sectorization.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide that a kind of technology is simple, cost is low, utilization ratio is high, environmental friendliness, be easy to realize the method for utilizing the waste alumina-based nickel accelerant refining ferronickel of industrialization, large-scale production.
The technical scheme that realizes above-mentioned purpose is as follows:
A kind of method of utilizing the waste alumina-based nickel accelerant refining ferronickel is characterized in that: comprise the steps:
A allocates sodium salt into according to the content of aluminum oxide in the nickel accelerant, and sodium salt is caustic soda or soda ash, and the sodium salt amount of allocating into is carried out roasting by generating 1～3 times of the needed molar weight of sodium aluminate with the salic reaction of nickel accelerant after the batching, and its maturing temperature is 600～1300 ℃;
B will be heated to boiling in the input water of the pulverizing of the product after roasting back, and boiling 10～20min emits bulla promptly to stop to heat to seeing boiling water;
C filters b step gained solution, wash, and obtains the aqueous solution and the nickeliferous nickel slag of sodium aluminate;
D with the nickel slag drying that the c step obtains, allocates into to add in electric arc furnace or the hot stove in ore deposit or blast furnace or the hotblast stove after carbonaceous reducing agent and slag making auxiliary material mix and smelts, and obtains Rhometal and slag.Smelt and adopt conventional smelting process.
The chemical equation that relates in this programme:
Aluminum oxide and caustic soda reaction equation: Al
2O
3+ 2NaOH=2NaAlO
2+ H
2O;
Aluminum oxide and soda ash reaction equation: Al
2O
3+ Na
2CO
3=2NaAlO
2+ CO
2
Composition range (weight percent) according to the resulting Rhometal of preceding method is as follows: Ni:20-60%; C:0.5-4%; P:0.5-5%; S:0.1-5%; Fe: surplus.
The Rhometal that obtains according to aforementioned schemes carries out refining again, promptly aforesaid Rhometal is carried out desulfurization, dephosphorization, carbonization treatment, and the Rhometal composition range (weight percent) that obtains after refining is as follows: Ni:20～60%; C≤0.5%; P≤0.5%; S≤0.1%; The Fe surplus.Desulfurization, dephosphorization, carbonization treatment adopt the smelting process of current smelting industry routine.
In the d step of aforesaid method, carbonaceous reducing agent is coal or carbon dust or graphite, and the slag making auxiliary material is one or both in lime, the fluorite.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows that technology is simple, with short production cycle, cost is low, productive rate is high, environmental pollution is little, be easy to industrialization, significantly economic benefit and social benefit are arranged.
Embodiment:
Below provide two specific embodiments of the present invention:
Embodiment one:
Chemically examine after waste alumina-based nickel accelerant dried abrasive dust, its each composition weight percent is as follows:
60.1% Al
2O
3, 4.82% Ni, 4.31% Fe, 2.83% CaO, 1.43% MgO, 5.41% SiO
2, 2% C, 1% P, 0.2% S.
Get 5 tons of above-mentioned waste alumina-based nickel accelerants, add the balling-up of 3.070 tons of caustic soda mixings, ball dropped into about 600 ℃ rotary kiln baking 2 hours, naturally cool to normal temperature after coming out of the stove, pulverize, the powder that obtains put in the water heat, water seethed with excitement back 20 minutes, saw having air pocket to emerge in the reactor, stop heating, filter with can beginning after the cold water dilution cooling cooling, during constantly filter residue (nickeliferous nickel slag) is washed, filtrate recovery is obtained the aqueous solution of sodium aluminate, red mud (being the nickel slag) is reclaimed oven dry, weight is 1.788 tons, chemical examination composition following (weight percent, down together): 9.54% Al
2O
3, 13.41% Ni, 12.05% Fe, 8.21% CaO, 8.14% MgO, 9.2% SiO
2, 0.69% C, 0.1% P, 0.01% S.
Allocate red mud into an amount of carbon dust balling-up, mixed carbon comtent is by Ni+Fe: C=1: 1.2 (mol ratios) are carried out.The red mud ball is dropped into electric arc furnace carry out reducing and smelting, add 50 kilograms in lime simultaneously, 15 kilograms of slag making of fluorite, question response fully finishes the back deslagging and taps a blast furnace, obtain 430 kilograms of Rhometals, the chemical examination composition is as follows: 55% Ni, 2.3% C, 0.6% P, 0.1% S, Fe surplus.
Embodiment two:
Chemically examine after waste alumina-based nickel accelerant dried abrasive dust, its each composition weight percent is as follows:
60.1% Al
2O
3, 4.82% Ni, 4.31% Fe, 2.83% CaO, 1.43% MgO, 5.41% SiO
2, 2% C, 1% P, 0.2% S.
Get 5 tons of above-mentioned waste alumina-based nickel accelerants, add the balling-up of 3.2 tons of soda ash mixings, ball was dropped into 1300 ℃ of left and right sides rotary kiln bakings 2 hours, naturally cool to room temperature after coming out of the stove, pulverize, the powder that obtains put in the water heat, water seethed with excitement back 10 minutes, saw having air pocket to emerge in the reactor, stopped heating, with beginning to filter after the cold water dilution cooling cooling, constantly filter residue is washed during this time, filtrate is reclaimed the aqueous solution obtain sodium aluminate, red mud (being filter residue) is reclaimed oven dry, weight is 1.68 tons, and the chemical examination composition is as follows:
8.95% Al
2O
3, 14.3% Ni, 12.88% Fe, 7.22% CaO, 7.64% MgO, 8.71% SiO
2, 0.39% C, 0.1% P, 0.01% S.
Allocate above-mentioned red mud into an amount of carbon dust balling-up, mixed carbon comtent is by Ni+Fe: C=1: 1.2 (mol ratios) are carried out.The red mud ball is dropped into electric arc furnace carry out reducing and smelting, allocate 50 kilograms in lime simultaneously into, 20 kilograms of slag making of fluorite, question response fully finishes the back deslagging.
Reaction enters refining cycle, carries out the dephosphorization under oxidizing atmosphere decarburization, and reduction and desulfurization etc. are treated to come out of the stove after trace elements such as product P, S, C reach requirement, obtain 400 kilograms of Rhometals, the chemical examination composition is as follows: 58.5% Ni, 0.02% C, 0.015% P, 0.02% S, Fe surplus.
Claims (3)
1. method of utilizing the waste alumina-based nickel accelerant refining ferronickel, it is characterized in that: comprise the steps: a, content according to aluminum oxide in the nickel accelerant is allocated sodium salt into, sodium salt is caustic soda or soda ash, the sodium salt amount of allocating into is by generating 1～3 times of the needed molar weight of sodium aluminate with the salic reaction of nickel accelerant, carry out roasting after the batching, its maturing temperature is 600～1300 ℃;
B pulverizes the back with the product after the roasting and drops in the water and be heated to boiling, boils to can see boiling water and emit bulla promptly to stop heating;
C filters b step gained solution, wash, and obtains the aqueous solution and the nickeliferous nickel slag of sodium aluminate;
D with the nickel slag drying that the c step obtains, allocates into to add in electric arc furnace or the hot stove in ore deposit or blast furnace or the hotblast stove after carbonaceous reducing agent and slag making auxiliary material mix and smelts, and obtains Rhometal and slag;
In the described d step, in the amount of the carbonaceous reducing agent of allocating into and the nickel slag the molar weight of total amount of nickeliferous and iron than being 1-1.5: 1;
In the described d step, carbonaceous reducing agent is coal or carbon dust or graphite, and the slag making auxiliary material is one or both in lime, the fluorite.
2. a kind of method of utilizing the waste alumina-based nickel accelerant refining ferronickel according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the weight percent of the composition of the described Rhometal that obtains is as follows: Ni:20-60%; C:0.5-4%; P:0.5-5%; S:0.1-5%; Fe: surplus.
3. a kind of method of utilizing the waste alumina-based nickel accelerant refining ferronickel according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described Rhometal is carried out refining again, described Rhometal is carried out desulfurization, dephosphorization, carbonization treatment, and the Rhometal composition weight percent that obtains after refining is as follows: Ni:20～60%; C≤0.5%; P≤0.5%; S≤0.1%; The Fe surplus.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010101327563A CN101792866B (en) | 2010-03-26 | 2010-03-26 | Method for refining ferronickel by utilizing waste alumina-based nickel accelerant |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010101327563A CN101792866B (en) | 2010-03-26 | 2010-03-26 | Method for refining ferronickel by utilizing waste alumina-based nickel accelerant |
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| CN103740933B (en) * | 2014-01-24 | 2015-12-02 | 温德昌 | A kind of method of nickel oxide material production Rhometal |
| CN104120209B (en) * | 2014-07-29 | 2016-08-24 | 钢铁研究总院 | A kind of liquid nickel slag melting and reducing produces the method for nickel-containing molten iron |
| CN105567973A (en) * | 2014-10-11 | 2016-05-11 | 江苏光明新材料有限公司 | Method for preparing ferro-nickel alloy and ferrotungsten-molybdenum alloy from waste material containing tungsten, molybdenum and nickel |
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| CN1257292C (en) * | 2003-11-14 | 2006-05-24 | 沈阳嘉禾冶金炉料有限公司 | Method for recovering nickel and aluminum from waste aluminum based nickel-containing catalyst |
| UA74665C2 (en) * | 2004-01-22 | 2006-01-16 | Anatolii Tymofiiovych Neklesa | A method for producing nickel-iron alloys from oxide materials and a plant for realizing the same |
| CN1300352C (en) * | 2005-09-16 | 2007-02-14 | 刘沈杰 | Nickel-iron smelting process from nickel oxide ore containing crystal water through blast furnace |
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