CN101792343B - Strawberry soilless culture nutritious liquid and method for preparing same - Google Patents
Strawberry soilless culture nutritious liquid and method for preparing same Download PDFInfo
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- CN101792343B CN101792343B CN2010101162486A CN201010116248A CN101792343B CN 101792343 B CN101792343 B CN 101792343B CN 2010101162486 A CN2010101162486 A CN 2010101162486A CN 201010116248 A CN201010116248 A CN 201010116248A CN 101792343 B CN101792343 B CN 101792343B
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Abstract
The invention discloses strawberry soilless culture nutritious liquid and a method for preparing the same. The strawberry soilless culture nutritious liquid consists of macroelements, trace elements and water, wherein the macroelements comprise 210 to 252mg.L<-1> N, 24.8 to 31.0mg.L<-1> P, 234 to 312mg.L<-1> K, 80.0 to 120.0mg.L<-1> Ca and 24.0 to 48.0mg.L<-1> Mg; and the trace elements comprise 2.8 to 5.6 mg.L<-1> Fe, 0.25 to 0.50 mg.L<-1> Mn, 0.01 to 0.015 mg.L<-1> Cu, 0.03 to 0.04 mg.L<-1> Zn, 0.50 to 0.60mg.L<-1> B and 0.004 to 0.006mg.L<-1> Mo. The used raw materials are KNO3, CaNO3.4H2O, MgSO4.7H2O, NH4H2PO4, NH4NO3, Fe-EDTA, H3BO3, MnSO4.4H2O, ZnSO4.7H2O, CuSO4.5H2O and NaMoO4.2H2O. The nutritious liquid of the invention has the advantages of reasonable formula, easy operation, low cost, no pollution and high yield, and is suitable for the soilless culture of the strawberry in Yangtze River basins.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of plant growing technology, more specifically relate to a kind of strawberry soilless culture nutrient fluid, also relate to the preparation method of strawberry soilless culture nutrient fluid simultaneously, the strawberry soilless culture nutrient fluid is applicable to the soilless culture of Yangtze valley strawberry.
Background technology
Strawberry is the perennial evergreen herbage, belongs to Rosaceae Fragaria (Rosaceae Fragaria).China's cultivated strawberry has spreaded all over the whole nation at present, and north reaches Hainan in the south, to the east of the Jiangsu and Zhejiang Provinces, to Xinjiang to Heilungkiang.Strawberry is of high nutritive value and instant because of it, and becomes the fruit that is received by the market, and also is the important source material of food-processing industry simultaneously.Because planting benefit is high, strawberry cultivating has become the new industry that China rural area develops rapidly.
Progressively enlarge along with China strawberry is production-scale and the improving constantly of plantation level, and the human consumer is increasingly high to the specification of quality of strawberry product, the strawberry industry develops to the pollution-free food direction gradually.Soilless culture because clean environment, product is pollution-free and grow, advantages such as article are of fine quality, look delicate flavour U.S.A, the development of nuisanceless strawberry is played important promoter action.In China's strawberry soilless culture at present, only people such as the Zhao Heng of Northeast Institute of Geography and Agricultural Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sc field has invented a kind of strawberry soilless culture nutrient fluid, and its macroelement comprises N:259.2～316.8mgL
-1, P:30.6～37.4mgL
-1, K:190.8～233.2mgL
-1, Ca:161.1～196.9mgL
-1, Mg:55.8～68.2mgL
-1Trace element comprises Fe:2.6250～5.9375mgL
-1, Mn:0.4465～0.4935mgL
-1, Cu:0.0095～0.0105mgL
-1, Zn:0.0475～0.0525mgL
-1, B:0.5130～0.5670mgL
-1, Mo:0.0076～0.0084mgL
-1, N is higher in this nutrient solution prescription, K is on the low side, cause the strawberry plant vegetative growth prosperous excessively, and fruit yield and quality is general, and the cultivated strawberry of the only suitable China Han Qu that should fill a prescription.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to be to provide a kind of strawberry soilless culture nutrient fluid, prescription rationally, and is with low cost, pollution-free, and output is high, and article are of fine quality.
Another object of the present invention is the preparation method who has been to provide a kind of strawberry soilless culture nutrient fluid, and is easy to implement the method, easy and simple to handle.
A kind of strawberry soilless culture nutrient fluid; Form by macroelement, trace element and water; It is characterized in that macroelement comprises nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), trace element comprises iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), boron (B), molybdenum (Mo);
The macroelement content of said nutritive medium is nitrogen (N): 210～252mgL
-1, phosphorus (P): 24.8～31.0mgL
-1, potassium (K): 234～312mgL
-1, calcium (Ca): 80.0～120.0mgL
-1, magnesium (Mg): 24.0～48.0mgL
-1
The micronutrient levels of said nutritive medium is iron (Fe): 2.8～5.6mgL
-1, manganese (Mn): 0.25～0.50mgL
-1, copper (Cu): 0.01～0.015mgL
-1, zinc (Zn): 0.03～0.04mgL
-1, boron (B): 0.50～0.60mgL
-1, molybdenum (Mo): 0.004～0.006mgL
-1
Raw materials used is saltpetre (KNO
3), nitrocalcite (CaNO
34H
2O), sal epsom (MgSO
47H
2O), primary ammonium phosphate (NH
4H
2PO
4), an ammonium nitrate (NH
4NO
3), chelated iron (Fe-EDTA), boric acid (H
3BO
3), manganous sulfate (MnSO
44H
2O), zinc sulfate (ZnSO
47H
2O), copper sulfate (CuSO
45H
2O), Sodium orthomolybdate (NaMoO
42H
2O).
Used macroelement fertilizer nutrient content of nutritive medium and purity are seen table 1.The used trace element fertilizer Fe-EDTA of nutritive medium, H
3BO
3, MnSO
44H
2O, ZnSO
47H
2O, CuSO
45H
2O, NaMoO
42H
2O is analytical pure.
Used macroelement fertilizer nutrient content of table 1 and purity
| Fertilizer | Molecular formula | Nutrient content (%) | Purity (%) |
| Nitrocalcite | Ca(NO 3) 2·4H 2O | N?12，Ca?17 | 90 |
| Sal epsom | MgSO 4·7H 2O | Mg?10 | 98 |
| Saltpetre | KNO 3 | N?14，K?39 | 98 |
| Primary ammonium phosphate | NH 4H 2PO4 | N?12，P?27 | 95 |
| An ammonium nitrate | NH 4NO 3 | N?35 | 98 |
The preparation method of said strawberry soilless culture nutrient fluid:
1) preparation of A mother liquor: with nitrocalcite (Ca (NO
3)
24H
2O), saltpetre (KNO
3), an ammonium nitrate (NH
4NO
3) water-soluble, being made into the liquid concentrator of 100～200 times of nutritive medium working concentrations, room temperature (identical below 20-25 ℃) stores for future use;
2) preparation of B mother liquor: with primary ammonium phosphate (NH
4H
2PO
4), sal epsom (MgSO
47H
2O) water-soluble, be made into the liquid concentrator of 100～200 times of nutritive medium working concentrations, room temperature storage is subsequent use;
3) preparation of C mother liquor: with chelated iron (Fe-EDTA), manganous sulfate (MnSO
44H
2O), copper sulfate (CuSO
45H
2O), zinc sulfate (ZnSO
47H
2O), boric acid (H
3BO
3), Sodium orthomolybdate (NaMoO
42H
2O) water-soluble, be made into the liquid concentrator of 1000～3000 times of nutritive medium working concentrations, room temperature storage is subsequent use;
4) mix: A mother liquor, B mother liquor, C mother liquor are diluted with water to working concentration in proportion, can use after mixing.
The method of use of said strawberry soilless culture nutrient fluid:
1) preparation of feed flow facility: lay 1～2 of plastic dropper in each cultivation bed, be connected with the nutritive medium receiver with main, form liquid-supplying system through arm; Make feed flow power with force (forcing) pump, connect with timer between force (forcing) pump and the power supply, so that regularly supply with nutritive medium, every 667m
2Set up volume 2m
31 of nutritive medium receiver.
2) after the field planting before bloom nutritive medium use: water clear water 3～5 times in the week after the early September plant field planting; Strawberry plant vegetative growth phase mid-September to mid-October, use 1/2 formula nutritional liquid, liquid 3～4 times altogether supplements the nutrients; 7～the 10d of being separated by of average each extra-nutrition liquid time, each every strain 200～250mL.
3) the phase nutritive medium of yielding positive results is used: after mid-October with full dose formula nutritional liquid, the liquid 12～15 times of supplementing the nutrients altogether, the 10～15d of being separated by of average each extra-nutrition liquid time, each every strain 200～250mL; Relative humidity remains on 60%～80% in the canopy, and night, temperature remained on 5～25 ℃.
Adopt the strawberry fruit characteristics of this nutrient fluid cultivation: from picking fruit in batches in May in December to next year then, fruit yield is 22500～37500kghm
-2, the fruit good luster, soluble solid content is between 13.0%～16.0%.This nutrient solution prescription is reasonable, and is easy and simple to handle, with low cost, pollution-free, and output is high.
The present invention compares with existing cultivating method, mainly has the following advantages and effect: prescription rationally, and is easy and simple to handle, with low cost, pollution-free, and output is high, and article are of fine quality, adaptable across the soilless culture of China Yangtze valley strawberry.
Table 2 advantage of the present invention
Embodiment
A kind of strawberry soilless culture nutrient fluid; Form by macroelement, trace element and water; It is characterized in that macroelement comprises nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), trace element comprises iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), boron (B), molybdenum (Mo);
The macroelement content of said nutritive medium is nitrogen (N): 210 or 224 or 238 or 252mgL
-1, phosphorus (P): 24.8 or 27.9 or 31.0mgL
-1, potassium (K): 234 or 273 or 312mgL
-1, calcium (Ca): 80.0 or 100 or 120.0mgL
-1, magnesium (Mg): 24.0 or 36.0 or 48.0mgL
-1
The micronutrient levels of said nutritive medium is iron (Fe): 2.8 or 4.2 or 5.6mgL
-1, manganese (Mn): 0.25 or 0.375 or 0.50mgL
-1, copper (Cu): 0.01 or 0.015mgL
-1, zinc (Zn): 0.03 or 0.04mgL
-1, boron (B): 0.50 or 0.60mgL
-1, molybdenum (Mo): 0.004 or 0.005 or 0.006mgL
-1
Raw materials used is saltpetre (KNO
3), nitrocalcite (CaNO
34H
2O), sal epsom (MgSO
47H
2O), primary ammonium phosphate (NH
4H
2PO
4), an ammonium nitrate (NH
4NO
3), chelated iron (Fe-EDTA), boric acid (H
3BO
3), manganous sulfate (MnSO
44H
2O), zinc sulfate (ZnSO
47H
2O), copper sulfate (CuSO
45H
2O), Sodium orthomolybdate (NaMoO
42H
2O).
The preparation method of said strawberry soilless culture nutrient fluid:
1) preparation of A mother liquor: with Ca (NO
3)
24H
2O, KNO
3, NH
4NO
3Water-soluble, be made into the liquid concentrator of nutritive medium working concentration 100 or 200 times, room temperature storage is subsequent use;
2) preparation of B mother liquor: with NH
4H
2PO
4, MgSO
47H
2O is water-soluble, is made into the liquid concentrator of nutritive medium working concentration 100 or 200 times, and room temperature storage is subsequent use;
3) preparation of C mother liquor: with Fe-EDTA, MnSO
44H
2O, CuSO
45H
2O, ZnSO
47H
2O, H
3BO
3, NaMoO
42H
2O is water-soluble, is made into the liquid concentrator of nutritive medium working concentration 1000 or 2000 or 3000 times, and room temperature storage is subsequent use;
4) mix: A mother liquor, B mother liquor, C mother liquor are diluted with water to working concentration in proportion, can use after mixing.
The method of use of said strawberry soilless culture nutrient fluid:
1) preparation of feed flow facility: lay plastic dropper 1 or 2 in each cultivation bed, be connected the formation liquid-supplying system through arm with main with the nutritive medium receiver; Make feed flow power with force (forcing) pump, connect with timer between force (forcing) pump and the power supply, so that regularly supply with nutritive medium, every 667m
2Set up volume 2m
31 of nutritive medium receiver.
2) after the field planting before bloom nutritive medium use: water clear water 3 or 4 or 5 times after the early September plant field planting in the week; Strawberry plant vegetative growth phase mid-September to mid-October, use 1/2 formula nutritional liquid, liquid 3 or 4 times altogether supplement the nutrients; The average each extra-nutrition liquid time is separated by 7 or 8 or 9 or 10d, each every strain 200 or 225 or 250mL.
3) the phase nutritive medium of yielding positive results is used: after mid-October with full dose formula nutritional liquid, supplement the nutrients altogether liquid 12 or 13 or 14 or 15 times, average each extra-nutrition liquid time is separated by 10 or 11 or 12 or 13 or 14 or 15d, each every strain 200 or 225 or 250mL; Relative humidity remains on 60%～80% in the canopy, and night, temperature remained on 5～25 ℃.
Test case 1:
Laohekou City, Hubei Province 10 soilless culture booths (667m
2), field planting on September 8 in 2007, the strawberry plant of adopting this nutrient solution prescription cultivation; From picking fruit in batches in year May in December, 2007 to 2008, average each booth fruit yield 2250kg, fruit good luster; Soluble solid content is 13.5%～14.5%, and the fresh fruit shelf time is 4 days.
Test case 2:
5 soilless culture booths of Wuhan City's Dongxihu District (667m
2), field planting on September 2 in 2008, the strawberry plant of adopting this nutrient solution prescription cultivation; From picking fruit in batches in year May in December, 2008 to 2009, average each booth fruit yield 2400kg, fruit good luster; Soluble solid content is 14.0%～15.0%, and the fresh fruit shelf time is 5 days.
Claims (2)
1. a strawberry soilless culture nutrient fluid is made up of macroelement, trace element and water, it is characterized in that macroelement comprises nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, and trace element comprises iron, manganese, copper, zinc, boron, molybdenum;
Described macroelement content is nitrogen: 210～252mgL
-1, phosphorus: 24.8～31.0mgL
-1, potassium: 234～312mgL
-1, calcium: 80.0～120.0mgL
-1, magnesium: 24.0～48.0mgL
-1
Described micronutrient levels is iron: 2.8～5.6mgL
-1, manganese: 0.25～0.50mgL
-1, copper: 0.01～0.015mgL
-1, zinc: 0.03～0.04mgL
-1, boron: 0.50～0.60mgL
-1, molybdenum: 0.004～0.006mgL
-1
Raw materials used is saltpetre, nitrocalcite, sal epsom, primary ammonium phosphate, an ammonium nitrate, chelated iron, boric acid, manganous sulfate, zinc sulfate, copper sulfate, Sodium orthomolybdate.
2. a method that is used to prepare the described strawberry soilless culture nutrient fluid of claim 1 the steps include:
1) preparation of A mother liquor: nitrocalcite, saltpetre, an ammonium nitrate is water-soluble, be made into the liquid concentrator of 100～200 times of nutritive medium working concentrations, room temperature storage is subsequent use;
2) preparation of B mother liquor: primary ammonium phosphate, sal epsom is water-soluble, be made into the liquid concentrator of 100～200 times of nutritive medium working concentrations, room temperature storage is subsequent use;
3) preparation of C mother liquor: chelated iron, manganous sulfate, copper sulfate, zinc sulfate, boric acid, Sodium orthomolybdate is water-soluble, be made into the liquid concentrator of 1000～3000 times of nutritive medium working concentrations, room temperature storage is subsequent use;
4) mix: A mother liquor, B mother liquor, C mother liquor are diluted with water to working concentration in proportion, mix.
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| CN101792343A (en) | 2010-08-04 |
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