CN101791684B - Method and device for producing A356 aluminum alloy by belt casting - Google Patents
Method and device for producing A356 aluminum alloy by belt casting Download PDFInfo
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- CN101791684B CN101791684B CN2010101251441A CN201010125144A CN101791684B CN 101791684 B CN101791684 B CN 101791684B CN 2010101251441 A CN2010101251441 A CN 2010101251441A CN 201010125144 A CN201010125144 A CN 201010125144A CN 101791684 B CN101791684 B CN 101791684B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a device for producing A356 aluminum alloy by belt casting. The prepared A356 aluminum alloy liquid is subjected to furnace refining and on-line degassing filtration, and then is continuously poured into a crystallizer of a casting machine; and the periphery of the crystallizer is continuously filled with cooling water for crystallization. A crystalline region is divided into five sections from the higher temperature to the lower temperature, and a cooling region is divided into twelve regions according to different flow rates of the cooling water distributed at the periphery of the crystallizer. The belt casting machine comprises a casting machine, a straightening machine, a blank guiding machine, a rolling code machine, a roller shearing machine, and the like, which are arranged in turn; and an approach bridge is arranged between the casting machine and the straightening machine. Compared with the prior art, the method and the device have the advantages of simple production equipment, less investment, short production flow, low production cost, advanced technology, low gas-slag content in the products, low composition segregation, stable product quality, and excellent production flexibility, quickly adjustable product types, and safe working environment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the aluminium processing technique field, the method and apparatus of A356 aluminium alloy is produced in tyre type continuous casting specifically.
Background technology
At present, the production of domestic A356 Birmasil has only horizontal ingot casting and two kinds of production methods of vertical shaft vertical casting.Horizontal ingot casting equipment is simple, small investment, but the inner gas slag of product content is high, and component segregation is big, and quality stability is poor, can not satisfy the requirement that following process is produced high-end product.The equipment investment of vertical shaft vertical casting is big, and specification requirement and production cost are high, though product quality is better; But production process is complicated; The operating environment potential safety hazard is big, and the production very flexible, and its production technology is: melting → refining → casting rod → hang rod → sawing → check → packing → warehouse-in.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiency of above two kinds of production technologies, the production method and the equipment of the producing A 356 aluminum alloy by belt casting of providing a kind of and can improve the product lumber recovery, guarantee constant product quality, effectively reduce production costs, realizing casting continuously.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: improved tyre type casting machine is used to produce the A356 aluminium alloy, and its production technology is following: after the melting of alloy aluminum liquid process, the refining, get into tyre type casting machine direct casting and on-line shearing and produce the A356 aluminium alloy ingots.
Process route: melting → refining → direct casting → check → packing → warehouse-in.
Production method is: carry out furnace refining and online degassing and filtration to the A356 aluminium alloy liquid for preparing; Be continuously pouring in the crystallizer then and cooling water on crystallizer is logical continuously all around; The temperature of producing according to casting is different; Crystal region is divided into 5 sections, and temperature distributes from high to low, is called pouring area, liquid zone, mushy zone, solidification zone, plays the base district; The cooling zone is divided into 12 districts; Be distributed in crystallizer flow difference all around according to cooling water; Be divided into external cooling 1-4 district, in cold 1-4 district, the cold 1-2 in outside district, inboard cold 1-2 district, the technological parameter of the temperature of each crystal region and the cooling water flow of each cooling zone is according to as shown in table 1.Like this, be continuously cast into the aluminium base of design section to guarantee A356 aluminium liquid, become aluminium ingot through continuous on-line shearing again, this production technology is called tyre type Foundry Production aluminium alloy (this overlaps continuous casting equipment with called after YL5290 tyre type casting machine).
Table 1 tyre type Foundry Production aluminium alloy technological parameter
Tyre type casting machine of the present invention is made up of following: casting machine, straightener, draw base machine, rolling code machine, slitting mill etc. and form, and clothing arranges that access bridge is arranged between casting machine and straightener; Wherein:
1) casting machine constitutes by playing base device, pony ladle, five wheeled regulating wheels, steel band, crystallizer, cooling water pipe, reductor and motor etc.; Crystallizer is formed by the copper ring with groove (groove can be designed to difformity according to aluminium ingot section demand) on the crystallizing wheel, and five regulating wheels are consistent with the width of crystallizing wheel, and are installed on the same vertical plane; Steel band through the regulating wheel tensioning be attached on the crystallizing wheel, form the trapezoidal cross-section crystallization cavity with the crystallizing wheel groove, pony ladle is installed in the crystallizing wheel tip position and is connected with crystallizer; For casting production provides high temperature aluminum liquid, after aluminium liquid was injected into crystallization cavity by pony ladle, cooling water pipe placed around the crystallizing wheel; Provide cool water shower on crystallizing wheel and steel band; Take away the completion casting to aluminium liquid heat, play the bad position of rising that the base device is installed in the crystallizing wheel groove, draw the aluminium base of cast molding; Motor and speed reducer drives crystallizing wheel and rotates continuously, thereby realizes direct casting.
2) straightener is made up of last contact roller, following contact roller, hydraulic system; Going up contact roller for two realizes through hydraulic jack and increase pressure; And be dislocatedly distributed with three hard-wired down contact rollers; When the aluminium base when the straightener, press down to exert pressure by last contact roller and make the aluminium base straight, realize roll straightening.
3) draw the base machine by descending contact roller, last impression roller, reductor, motor to constitute, upper and lower contact roller is vertical symmetry and distributes, last contact roller fixed installation, and following contact roller is connected with reductor, and reductor is connected with motor.Realize active rotation through motor-driven, impression plays increases the friction generates draw.
4) the rolling code machine is made up of rolling code wheel, motor; The rolling code wheel links to each other with hydraulic jack, can realize and increase pressure on the rolling code wheel 10 letter punch mounting grooves are arranged; Can change character code according to needs of production, rotate continuously the character code roll extrusion on the aluminium base through motor-driven.
5) slitting mill by last scissors take turns, lower scissors wheel, cooling device, reductor, motor constitute; The fixed installation of last lower scissors wheel, each scissors wheel is gone up 2 blades is installed, and is symmetrically distributed; Blade can carry out dismounting and change; Go up the lower scissors wheel during through scissors wheel rotation half cycle and go up the blade of installing and overlap and realize once shearing, reductor connects goes up the lower scissors wheel, and reductor is connected with motor.Motor and speed reducer is a driving arrangement, when blade is sheared high temperature (400-500 ℃) aluminium base, realizes cooling continuously through cooling device.
The advantage that the present invention has compared with prior art is: production equipment is simple, small investment, and production procedure is short; Production cost is low, and technology is advanced, and the inner gas slag of product content is low; Component segregation is little, constant product quality, and also the production flexibility is good; But the rapid adjustment product category, operating environment safety.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a tyre type casting machine complete machine structure sketch map of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the vertical view of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is a casting machine structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the vertical view of Fig. 3;
Fig. 5 is crystallizer sectional view of the present invention (A-A cross section);
Fig. 6 straightener structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the vertical view of Fig. 6;
Fig. 8 is base machine and the rolling code wheel construction sketch map of drawing of the present invention;
Fig. 9 is the vertical view of Fig. 8;
Figure 10 is a slitting mill structural representation of the present invention;
Figure 11 is the vertical view of Figure 10.
Among the figure, the 1-casting machine, the 2-access bridge, 3-straightener, 4-draw the base machine, 5-rolling code machine, 6-slitting mill; 7-Hydraulic Station, 8-play the base machine, 9 pony ladles, 10-regulating wheel (5 is wheeled), 11-steel band, 12-cooling water pipe, 13-reductor; The 14-motor, 15-crystallizing wheel, the last contact roller of 16-, contact roller under the 17-, 18-hydraulic system, 19-hydraulic jack, contact roller under the 20-; The last impression roller of 21-, 22-rolling code wheel, the 23-reductor, 24, the 25-motor, the last scissors wheel of 26-, the 27-lower scissors is taken turns, the 28-motor; The 29-reductor, 30-cooling device, 31-steel band, 32-aluminium liquid, 33-crystallizing wheel, 34-crystallizer.
The specific embodiment
In smelting furnace, add electrolytic aluminium liquid, aluminium ingot or production waste and metallic silicon, high pure magnesium ingot, al-sr alloy, titanium agent etc.; Wherein electrolytic aluminium liquid is 87.76%, production waste is 4.58%, metallic silicon is 6.75%, high pure magnesium ingot is 0.36%, al-sr alloy is 0.42%, the titanium agent is 0.13%; Chemical composition feeds high pure nitrogen (purity is more than 99.999%) after detecting and reaching the requirement of A356 aluminium alloy, and the refining agent of interpolation aluminium liquid total amount 1.2% carries out refining; Refining temperature is controlled at 750～760 ℃; Get into then and leave standstill stove and leave standstill, filter (more than be prior art), be continuously pouring to casting machine then and around crystallizer, lead to the cooling water crystallization continuously through (purity is more than 99.999%) degasification of online nitrogen and ceramic filter plate; The temperature of producing according to casting is different; Crystal region is divided into 5 sections, and temperature distributes from high to low, is divided into pouring area, liquid zone, mushy zone, solidification zone, plays the base district; Be distributed in crystallizing wheel flow difference all around according to cooling water; The cooling zone is divided into 12 districts, be called external cooling 1-4 district, in cold 1-4 district, the cold 1-2 in outside district, inboard cold 1-2 district, the intensity of cooling of each cooling zone (cooling water flow) distributes as shown in table 1; Make A356 aluminium liquid be continuously cast into the aluminium base of design section, again through online continuously straightener, draw base machine, rolling code machine, slitting mill etc. and cut into aluminium ingot.
Table 1 tyre type Foundry Production aluminium alloy technological parameter
Being constructed as follows of tyre type casting machine:
By casting machine 1, straightener 3, draw base machine 4, rolling code machine 5, slitting mill 6 etc. and form, and clothing arranges and connects and composes access bridge 2 is arranged, and the Hydraulic Station 7 that adapts with it is set, like Fig. 1, shown in 2 between casting machine and straightener; Wherein:
1) casting machine is by playing the wheeled regulating wheel of a base device 8, pony ladle 9, five 10, cooling water pipe 12, formations such as band steel 11, crystallizer 34, reductor 13 and motor 14, and crystallizer is formed by the copper ring with groove (groove can be designed to difformity according to aluminium ingot section demand) on the crystallizing wheel 33; Five regulating wheels are the same with the width of crystallizing wheel, and are installed on the same vertical plane, and they are close to the steel band of tensioning on the crystallizing wheel; Form trapezoidal cross-section crystallization cavity (crystallizer) with the crystallizing wheel groove, pony ladle is installed in the groove of position, crystallizing wheel top (" wall clock 12 points "), and producing for casting provides high temperature aluminum liquid; Cooling water pipe becomes semicircle bend pipe to form by four; Be distributed in circle, cylindrical and the left and right sides in the crystallizing wheel, the chilling spray water nozzle be installed, on the tube wall after aluminium liquid is injected into crystallization cavity by pony ladle; Cooling water pipe provides cool water shower on crystallizing wheel and steel band; Take away aluminium liquid heat and accomplish casting, play the base device and be installed in the groove that crystallizing wheel plays base (" wall clock 20 points ") position, draw the aluminium base of cast molding; Motor and speed reducer drives crystallizing wheel and rotates continuously, thereby realizes direct casting.Like Fig. 3, shown in 4.
2) straightener is by last contact roller 16, contact roller 17, hydraulic system 18 down; Going up contact roller for two realizes and increase pressure through hydraulic jack 19; And be dislocatedly distributed with three hard-wired down contact rollers; When the aluminium base when the straightener, press down to exert pressure by last contact roller and make the aluminium base straight, realize roll straightening.Like Fig. 5, shown in 6;
3) draw the base machine by descending contact roller 20, last impression roller 21, reductor 23, motor 14 to constitute; Upper and lower contact roller is vertical symmetry and distributes; Last contact roller fixed installation, following contact roller is connected with reductor, and reductor is connected with motor; Realize active rotation through motor-driven, impression plays increases the friction generates draw.Like Fig. 7, shown in 8;
4) the rolling code machine is made up of rolling code wheel 22, motor 25; The rolling code wheel links to each other with hydraulic jack, can realize and increase pressure on the rolling code wheel 10 letter punch mounting grooves are arranged; Can change character code according to needs of production, rotate continuously the character code roll extrusion on the aluminium base through motor-driven.Like Fig. 7, shown in 8;
5) slitting mill is made up of last scissors wheel 26, lower scissors wheel 27, cooling device 30, reductor 29, motor 28; The fixed installation of last lower scissors wheel, each scissors wheel is gone up 2 blades is installed, and is symmetrically distributed; Blade can carry out dismounting and change; The blade of installing on the shearing wheel about during through scissors wheel rotation half cycle overlaps to be realized once shearing, and reductor connects upward lower scissors wheel, and reductor is connected with motor.Motor and speed reducer is a driving arrangement, when blade is sheared high temperature (400-500 ℃) aluminium base, realizes cooling continuously through cooling device, like Fig. 9, shown in 10.
Table 2YL5290 tyre type casting machine device performance parameters
Table 3 tyre type casting A356 alloy product performance
| Si segregation extreme difference | Hardness | Pinhole rate | Grain size | Tensile strength | Percentage elongation |
| ≤0.3％ | ≥50HB | <=2 grades | <=4 grades | ≥200N/mm 2 | ≥15％ |
Claims (1)
1. a tyre type casts the method for producing the A356 aluminium alloy continuously; It is characterized in that: the A356 aluminium alloy liquid for preparing is carried out furnace refining and online degassing and filtration; Be continuously pouring to then in the crystallizer of casting machine; And cooling water on around crystallizer, leading to continuously; The crystal region temperature distributed from high to low be divided into 5 sections: pouring area, liquid zone, mushy zone, solidification zone, play the base district; Flow by cooling water is distributed in around the crystallizing wheel is different, and the cooling zone is divided into 12 districts: external cooling 1-4 district, in cold 1-4 district, the cold 1-2 in outside district, inboard cold 1-2 district, the technological parameter of the temperature of each crystal region and the cooling water flow of each cooling zone is: 20～40 ℃ of 760～800 ℃ of smelting temperatures, 740～780 ℃ of refining temperatures, 630～680 ℃ of cast temperatures, casting rate 5～8t/h, cooling water temperature; External cooling 1 district cooling water flow 0～5L/min; External cooling 2 district cooling water flow 20-30L/min; External cooling 3 district cooling water flow 40-50L/min; External cooling 4 district cooling water flow 30-40L/min; In cold 1 district cooling water flow 6-12L/min; In cold 2 district cooling water flow 25-35L/min; In cold 3 district cooling water flow 45-55L/min; In cold 4 district cooling water flow 0～5L/min; The cold 1 district cooling water flow 0～5L/min in the outside; The cold 2 district cooling water flow 70-90L/min in the outside; Inboard 1 district cooling water flow 0～5L/min; Inboard 2 district cooling water flow 65-85L/min; Make the A356 aluminum alloy melt be continuously cast into the aluminium alloy base of design section, again through online continuously straightener, draw base machine, rolling code machine, slitting mill on-line shearing and become aluminium alloy ingots.
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| CN102251156B (en) * | 2011-07-22 | 2012-08-22 | 卢锴 | Method for preparing A356 intermediate alloy and method for preparing A356 alloy from intermediate alloy |
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