CN101788440B - Electronic nose used for food safety monitoring - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to an electronic nose used for food safety monitoring, which comprises an MEMS sensor group, a signal processing circuit and a computer, wherein the MEMS sensor group comprises an environmental sensor and a plurality of gas sensors; the environmental sensor is used for acquiring the response of the temperature change of the gas environment; each gas sensor is used for acquiring the response of the concentration change of each gas composition; the signal processing circuit is used for storing a voltage signal output by each sensor to obtain a corrected frequency signal of temperature drift by differential operation and doing the time differentiation for the corrected frequency signal to obtain a frequency shift signal output to a control module; the control module and a pattern recognition module are pre-arranged in the computer; the control module is used for sending work orders to each sensor, the signal processing circuit and the pattern recognition module and transmitting the signal input by the signal processing circuit to the pattern recognition module; and the pattern recognition module is used for analyzing and processing the signal input by the control module and judging the composition information of the gas to be detected. The electronic nose has simple structure and is suitable for the long-time monitoring in different food storage environments.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of food safety monitoring device, particularly about a kind of Electronic Nose that is used for food safety monitoring.
Background technology
Food Monitoring is the basic means that guarantees food security, but is difficult in time grasp all sidedly the food security situation by the mode of laboratory pick test.In order to ensure food safety, should carry out strict quality monitoring in each link of production, storage, processing, packing and the circulation of raw-food material (grain, meat, dairy products, fruits and vegetables etc.).The smell of food or raw-food material can reflect its freshness and nuisance pollution condition.The smell of food is the coefficient result of all volatile organic compounds in the food.
Traditional odor detection technology comprises two kinds of artificial differential method and instrumental methods.Artificial differential method is exactly with well-trained professional's sense of smell smell to be differentiated.Though the human olfactory system is highly developed, have subjectivity, fatiguability and be subject to shortcoming such as interference, and, therefore can't detect in the place that is not suitable for people's activity because to carry out the detection task be human, can not provide accurate quantitative information.Instrumental method is to utilize analytical instrument to carry out the analysis and the detection of qualitative, quantitative.The instrumental method that detects volatile organic compounds mainly is to adopt the technology of gas chromatography-mass spectrography at present.Because the analytical instrument complex structure is huge, and need carries out long-time a large amount of and careful separation, purification and pre-treatment such as concentrate, therefore can not carry out on-the-spot real non-destructive to detect, also not be suitable for long term monitoring sample.
A kind of novel odor detection technology has appearred at present, it is Electronic Nose Technology, such as: China applies for a patent " portable intelligent electronic nose and preparation method thereof ", and (publication number is 1381721, open date 2002.11.27), China applies for a patent " USB interface-based portable electric nose system " (publication number 101042408, open date 2007.09.26) etc.Electronic Nose Technology is that the structure of imitation mammalian sense of smell system is formed and principle of work, the technology that gas phase or volatility multicomponent chemical mediator are discerned and detected.Electronic Nose equipment is made up of gas sensor array, signal processing system and algorithm for pattern recognition.Utilize Electronic Nose Technology to carry out gas detection and have real-time, independence (promptly not needing reagent) and intelligent advantage.The most important thing is that the continuous appearance of new gas sensor and the continuous development of algorithm for pattern recognition make Electronic Nose Technology have the opening that can constantly shake down and solve new problem.These obviously are that the traditional gas detection technology based on artificial discriminating and instrumental analysis is not available.Electronic Nose mainly concentrates on cigarette, wine, coffee, tea, beverage, condiment, dairy products at present, eats in the quality restriction and discriminating of wet goods in the application aspect the food inspection.But the quality safety monitoring problem of raw-food material in storage, at present also not having suitable Electronic Nose product, mainly is because existing Electronic Nose Technology still needs some sample preparation, and the instrument and equipment bulky complex, be not suitable for the food storage environment, can not realize long term monitoring.
Summary of the invention
At the problems referred to above, the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of Electronic Nose that is used for food safety monitoring that is adapted at carrying out in the different food products storage environment long term monitoring.
For achieving the above object, the present invention takes following technical scheme: a kind of Electronic Nose that is used for food safety monitoring, it is characterized in that, it comprises: a MEMS sensor groups, it comprises an environmental sensor and some gas sensors, and described environmental sensor is used to gather the response amount of the temperature variation of gas to be measured place environment; Be respectively arranged with a gas sensitization layer in each described gas sensor, each described gas sensitization layer adopts the different macromolecule polymer material of component, and it is used for gathering the response amount of the concentration change of each gas componant of gas to be measured; One signal processing circuit is used to store the voltage signal of each described sensor output, and calculus of differences obtained proofreading and correct the frequency signal of temperature drift, more corrected frequency signal is done time diffusion, obtains flowing to the frequency shift signal of described control module; One computing machine is preset with a control module and a pattern recognition module in it; Described control module is used for described each sensor, signal processing circuit and pattern recognition module are sent work order, and gives pattern recognition module with the signal conveys of described signal processing circuit input; Described pattern recognition module is used for the signal of described control module input is analyzed and handled, and judges the composition information of gas to be measured.
Described environmental sensor and each described gas sensor comprise a closed loop self-sustained oscillation loop that is made of a MEMS chip and a positive-feedback circuit respectively, and described MEMS chip comprises micro-cantilever, hot driving resistor, voltage-sensitive bridge and lead; The described micro-cantilever vibration of described hot driving resistor energising rear drive, the voltage signal that described voltage-sensitive bridge changes with the vibration frequency of described micro-cantilever to described positive-feedback circuit frequency of delivery, the operating voltage of described voltage-sensitive bridge is provided by positive-feedback circuit; Described positive-feedback circuit amplifies the voltage signal of input, after the Filtering Processing, obtain one tunnel feedback voltage signal and one road output voltage signal that flows to described hot driving resistor.
Described positive-feedback circuit comprises: an interface module, gather described voltage-sensitive bridge sensitivity to the voltage signal that changes with the vibration frequency of described micro-cantilever of frequency, compensate simultaneously for described voltage-sensitive bridge provides operating voltage, and by of the zero-bit imbalance of access adjustable resistance described voltage-sensitive bridge; One pre-amplifying module is with the weak voltage signal amplification of described interface module output; One bandpass filtering modules block, with the two frequency multiplication voltage signals in the described pre-amplifying module output signal and the noise filtering of high and low frequency, and a frequency multiplication voltage signal is divided into two-way, and one the tunnel as feedback voltage signal, and another road is as the output voltage signal that sends described signal processing circuit to; One signal amplification module, the feedback voltage signal that described bandpass filtering modules block is exported is amplified to self-oscillatory amplitude condition; One phase shift block is adjusted to self-oscillatory phase condition with the phase place of the feedback voltage signal of described signal amplification module output; One amplitude limit module is used for the amplitude that Control and Feedback is given the voltage signal of described hot driving resistor.
Described voltage-sensitive bridge is made of some voltage dependent resistor (VDR)s, and described hot driving resistor and voltage dependent resistor (VDR) all are arranged on the described micro-cantilever, and described micro-cantilever is arranged on the substrate.
Described control module is also by described signal processing circuit, control amplitude limit module in the described gas sensor and be the described micro-cantilever that is adsorbed with gas molecule select to be applied to drive signal on the described hot driving resistor dc offset voltage.
Described amplitude limit module by control one digital either-or switch selection+3V or+the 12V dc offset voltage.
The gas sensitization layer is arranged on the micro-cantilever in the described gas sensor.
The macromolecule polymer material of described gas sensitization layer is one of polyoxyethylene, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyglycol ethyl ether acetate ester, dimethione, poly(ether-urethane) and Hydrin.
The present invention is owing to take above technical scheme, it has the following advantages: 1, because gas sensor of the present invention and environmental sensor comprise respectively by micro-cantilever, the closed loop self-sustained oscillation loop that hot driving resistor and voltage-sensitive bridge and positive-feedback circuit constitute, and the micro-cantilever of each gas sensor is provided with the gas sensitization layer, positive-feedback circuit is after energising a period of time, the self-sustained oscillation loop is stable, make micro-cantilever be in resonant condition, because behind the gas sensitization layer adsorption gas molecule, quality increases, cause the resonance frequency of micro-cantilever to change, cause the frequency of the voltage signal of voltage-sensitive bridge output to change thereupon, after environmental sensor and gas sensor flow to computing machine with the voltage signal that collects by signal processing circuit, pattern recognition module in the computing machine can be very quick, easily the composition detection of gas to be measured is come out, and be not subjected to various different food products to store the influence of environment fully.2, because the gas sensor that the present invention adopts is a resonant mode, its measuring-signal is a frequency, has the characteristics of accurate digital signal, and signal accuracy is not subjected to the influence of transmission range, therefore sensor array and huge data processing and display system can be separated the realization remote monitoring.3, because the gas sensor based on the MEMS technology of the present invention, not only have high sensitivity and low in power consumption, the early warning effect is better than the gas sensor of routine, what is more important, can with several independently gas sensor be installed in the foods storage spaces, constitute sensor array with flexible way, make the present invention have better adaptability.4, because the present invention has adopted high molecular polymer as the gas sensitization layer, and the high molecular polymerization species is very many, so the range of choice broad of gas sensitization layer material, and the food variety that can detect is also just more.5, because control module of the present invention is that the micro-cantilever that is adsorbed with gas molecule selects to connect the dc offset voltage that the heated air sensitive layer is used by the amplitude limit module in control signal treatment circuit and the gas sensor positive-feedback circuit successively also, therefore gas sensor is restored fast, thereby can in observation process, regularly or according to actual conditions improve dc offset voltage, gas sensor is safeguarded and restored, guarantee the precision and the reliability of sensor long-term work.6, the signal processing circuit of the present invention's employing can be stored the output signal of each gas sensor, and carry out the frequency signal that the frequency differential computing has obtained proofreading and correct temperature drift with the output signal of environmental sensor, again corrected frequency signal is done time diffusion, what obtain flowing to control module is varied to the frequency shift signal of direct ratio with gas concentration, this real-time calibration function makes Electronic Nose equipment of the present invention have long-time stability, and this is the function that existing Electronic Nose equipment is not had.The present invention is simple in structure, is adapted at carrying out long term monitoring in the different food products storage environment.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that system of the present invention forms schematic diagram
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of sensor among the present invention
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of a specific embodiment of MEMS chip among the present invention
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of voltage dependent resistor (VDR) among the present invention
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples the present invention is described in detail.
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention includes a MEMS (Micro-Electro Mechanical Systems, MEMS (micro electro mechanical system)) sensor groups 1, a signal processing circuit 2 and a computing machine 3, a default at least control module 31 and the pattern recognition module 32 of being equipped with in the computing machine 3.Wherein, sensor groups 1 comprises an environmental sensor 11 and some gas sensors 12, and the installation of each sensor does not have strict spatial arrangement requirement, can install flexibly according to the characteristics of the actual working environment of Electronic Nose.Control module 31 is used for sensor groups 1, signal processing circuit 2 and pattern recognition module 32 are sent work order, and the signal conveys that each sensor acquisition that signal processing circuit 2 was handled is arrived is given pattern recognition module 32, in addition, control module 31 is also selected the dc offset voltage of heating usefulness for the gas sensor 12 that is adsorbed with gas molecule by signal processing circuit 2.Pattern recognition module 32 is used for the signal of control module 31 inputs is analyzed and handled, and judges the composition information of gas to be measured.
As Fig. 2, shown in Figure 3, environmental sensor 11 of the present invention is identical with the structure of gas sensor 12, includes a MEMS chip 4 and a positive-feedback circuit 5, and MEMS chip 4 and positive-feedback circuit 5 constitute a closed loop self-sustained oscillation loop.MEMS chip 4 essence are a micro-cantilever mechanical resonator, and its resonance frequency has determined the frequency in closed loop self-sustained oscillation loop.MEMS chip 4 comprises voltage-sensitive bridge 45, some leads 46 and the pad 47 that the hot driving resistor of a substrate 41, a micro-cantilever 42, one 43, is made of some voltage dependent resistor (VDR)s 44.Micro-cantilever 42, each resistance (hot driving resistor 43 and voltage dependent resistor (VDR) 44), lead 46 and pad 47 are all by micro fabrication integrated being made on substrate 41.
As Fig. 2, shown in Figure 3, hot driving resistor 43 and voltage dependent resistor (VDR) 44 all are arranged on the micro-cantilever 42.Behind the hot driving resistor 43 logical upward alternating currents, drive micro-cantilever 42 vibrations.Voltage-sensitive bridge 45 is used to detect the vibration frequency of micro-cantilever 42, and detected frequency is flowed to positive-feedback circuit 5 with the voltage signal that the vibration frequency of micro-cantilever 42 changes.Fig. 3 is a specific embodiment, and the pin one among the figure and 7 is for driving input end, and pin two and 5 is the output terminal of voltage-sensitive bridge 45, connects the zero compensation that adjustable resistance is realized voltage-sensitive bridge 45 between the pin 3 and 4, and pin 6 is the input end of voltage-sensitive bridge 45 operating voltage.In the present embodiment, hot driving resistor 43 and voltage dependent resistor (VDR) 44 all are to be produced on the micro-cantilever 42 by ion implantation, and the injection source is a boron.
As shown in Figure 4,, can make the mode of several parallel resistance bars series connection because the resistance of voltage dependent resistor (VDR) 44 is generally bigger, the district that represents to be connected in series of the black bar among Fig. 4, white bars is represented resistor stripe.In order to reduce the negative pressure inhibition effect of junction, the place of being connected in series will carry out heavy doping.In addition, can form Ohmic contact, also answer heavy doping in the contact region of resistance and lead 46 in order to make each resistance and lead 46.The making of lead 46 and pad 47 can be adopted electron beam evaporation process, and evaporation source is an aluminium.
As shown in Figure 2, positive-feedback circuit 5 comprises interface module 51, pre-amplifying module 52, bandpass filtering modules block 53, signal amplification module 54, phase shift block 55 and amplitude limit module 56.Micro-cantilever 42 is in resonant condition during real work.Because gas molecule can be adsorbed by corresponding gas sensitization layer on the micro-cantilever 42, has so just caused micro-cantilever 42 mass change, the resonance frequency of micro-cantilever 42 also changes thereupon.Voltage-sensitive bridge 45 sensitivities to micro-cantilever 42 change of resonance frequency detect by interface module 51.Interface module 51 also provides the galvanic current source for voltage-sensitive bridge 45, and compensates by the zero-bit imbalance of access adjustable resistance to voltage-sensitive bridge 45.In order to further specify the work of interface module 51, as shown in Figure 3, voltage-sensitive bridge 45 is given interface module 51 from pin two and 5 output frequencies with the voltage signal that the vibration frequency of micro-cantilever 42 changes; Interface module 51 provides the galvanic current source from pin 6 for voltage-sensitive bridge 45; Interface module 51 can also be given between the pin 3 and 4 and be inserted adjustable resistance, to realize the zero compensation of voltage-sensitive bridge 45.
It is the chip formation of AD8036AR that amplitude limit module 56 adopts model, and it is used for the signal amplitude that Control and Feedback is given hot driving resistor 43, with the stability of holding circuit and oscillation frequency.Simultaneously, control module 31 also by the amplitude limit module in the signal processing circuit 2 pilot-gas sensors 12 56 for the micro-cantilever 42 that is adsorbed with gas molecule select to be applied to drive signal on the hot driving resistor 43 dc offset voltage, contain a frequency multiplication voltage signal in the signal with 45 generations of assurance voltage-sensitive bridge, and can also play heat effect by the gas sensitization layer on 43 pairs of micro-cantilevers 42 of hot driving resistor.Suitably improving dc offset voltage can make gas sensitization layer temperature raise, because of raising with temperature, the adsorption coefficient of high molecular polymer is index decreased, therefore the gas molecule that is adsorbed in the gas sensitization layer 48 is discharged rapidly, make the gas sensitization layer obtain restoring, be the adsorption gas molecule zero clearing next time of gas sensitization layer.Below by an object lesson, how to illustrate that dc offset voltage by amplitude limit module 56 makes gas sensor in operate as normal with initiatively restore between the two states and change.
As shown in Figure 2, present embodiment provides+3V and+two dc offset voltages of 12V, the dc offset voltage when+3V is operate as normal ,+12V are the dc offset voltage that the gas sensitization layer temperature on the micro-cantilever 42 raise.Each gas sensor 12 inserts signal processing circuit 2 by the parallel port, the dc offset voltage that signal processing circuit 2 will be sent by control module 31 is selected signal input saturation module 56, by amplitude limit module digital either-or switch access+3V of 56 controls or+the 12V dc offset voltage.The user can select to switch between two dc offset voltages by control module 31 according to actual needs.
The frequency multiplication voltage signal that signal processing circuit 2 each gas sensor 12 of reception of the present invention and environmental sensor 11 are exported from bandpass filtering modules block 53 separately, the output signal of each gas sensor 12 and the output signal of environmental sensor are stored, calculus of differences has obtained proofreading and correct the frequency signal of temperature drift afterwards, again corrected frequency signal is done time diffusion, obtain frequency shift signal, flow to the control module 31 in the computing machine 3.32 pairs of patterns that frequency shift signal constituted by all gas sensor 12 of pattern recognition module in the computing machine 3 are analyzed and are discerned afterwards, the composition information that obtains comprising in the gas, and the result is presented on the terminal of computing machine 3.In the present embodiment, signal processing circuit 2 adopts singlechip chip PLC16F877.
When the present invention works, all gas sensor 12 just constitutes the pattern of this kind gas ingredients to the response of certain gas ingredients concentration change, if comprise the multiple gases composition in the gas to be measured, then the response of all gas sensor 12 is exactly the stack of the pattern of each gas componant, and flows to signal processing circuit 2; Environmental sensor 11 flows to signal processing circuit 2 with the response of the temperature variation of gas to be measured place environment simultaneously.After after the signal storage of 2 pairs of inputs of signal processing circuit, carrying out difference, differentiating, and the result of computing flowed to pattern recognition module 32 by control module 31, identify the composition information of gas to be measured by pattern recognition module 32.
Claims (7)
1. Electronic Nose that is used for food safety monitoring is characterized in that it comprises:
One MEMS sensor groups, it comprises an environmental sensor and some gas sensors, described environmental sensor is used to gather the response amount of the temperature variation of gas to be measured place environment; Be respectively arranged with a gas sensitization layer in each described gas sensor, each described gas sensitization layer adopts the different macromolecule polymer material of component, and it is used for gathering the response amount of the concentration change of each gas componant of gas to be measured;
One signal processing circuit is used to store the voltage signal of each described sensor output, and calculus of differences obtained proofreading and correct the frequency signal of temperature drift, more corrected frequency signal is done time diffusion, obtains flowing to the frequency shift signal of control module;
One computing machine is preset with a control module and a pattern recognition module in it; Described control module is used for described environmental sensor, each gas sensor, signal processing circuit and pattern recognition module are sent work order, and gives pattern recognition module with the signal conveys of described signal processing circuit input; Described pattern recognition module is used for the signal of described control module input is analyzed and handled, and judges the composition information of gas to be measured.
2. a kind of Electronic Nose that is used for food safety monitoring as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described environmental sensor and each described gas sensor comprise a closed loop self-sustained oscillation loop that is made of a MEMS chip and a positive-feedback circuit respectively, described MEMS chip comprises micro-cantilever, hot driving resistor, voltage-sensitive bridge and lead, and described micro-cantilever surface is provided with described gas sensitization layer; The described micro-cantilever vibration of described hot driving resistor energising rear drive, the voltage signal that described voltage-sensitive bridge changes with the vibration frequency of described micro-cantilever to described positive-feedback circuit frequency of delivery, the operating voltage of described voltage-sensitive bridge is provided by positive-feedback circuit; Described positive-feedback circuit amplifies the voltage signal of input, after the Filtering Processing, obtain one tunnel feedback voltage signal and one road output voltage signal that flows to described hot driving resistor.
3. a kind of Electronic Nose that is used for food safety monitoring as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: described positive-feedback circuit comprises:
One interface module, gather described voltage-sensitive bridge sensitivity to the voltage signal that changes with the vibration frequency of described micro-cantilever of frequency, compensate simultaneously for described voltage-sensitive bridge provides operating voltage, and by of the zero-bit imbalance of access adjustable resistance described voltage-sensitive bridge;
One pre-amplifying module is with the weak voltage signal amplification of described interface module output;
One bandpass filtering modules block, with the two frequency multiplication voltage signals in the described pre-amplifying module output signal and the noise filtering of high and low frequency, and a frequency multiplication voltage signal is divided into two-way, and one the tunnel as feedback voltage signal, and another road is as the output voltage signal that sends described signal processing circuit to;
One signal amplification module, the feedback voltage signal that described bandpass filtering modules block is exported is amplified to self-oscillatory amplitude condition;
One phase shift block is adjusted to self-oscillatory phase condition with the phase place of the feedback voltage signal of described signal amplification module output;
One amplitude limit module is used for the amplitude that Control and Feedback is given the voltage signal of described hot driving resistor.
4. a kind of Electronic Nose that is used for food safety monitoring as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: described voltage-sensitive bridge is made of some voltage dependent resistor (VDR)s, described hot driving resistor and voltage dependent resistor (VDR) all are arranged on the described micro-cantilever, and described micro-cantilever is arranged on the substrate.
5. a kind of Electronic Nose that is used for food safety monitoring as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that: described control module is also by described signal processing circuit, control amplitude limit module in the described gas sensor and be the described micro-cantilever that is adsorbed with gas molecule select to be applied to drive signal on the described hot driving resistor dc offset voltage.
6. a kind of Electronic Nose that is used for food safety monitoring as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that: described amplitude limit module by control one digital either-or switch selection+3V or+the 12V dc offset voltage.
7. a kind of Electronic Nose that is used for food safety monitoring as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the macromolecule polymer material of described gas sensitization layer is one of polyoxyethylene, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyglycol ethyl ether acetate ester, dimethione, poly(ether-urethane) and Hydrin.
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Families Citing this family (11)
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| CN102288645B (en) * | 2011-07-18 | 2012-12-19 | 华南农业大学 | Rice field methane concentration sensor |
| CN105606779B (en) * | 2016-03-07 | 2017-09-29 | 南京铁道职业技术学院 | Estimation of The Fish Freshness detecting system and method based on electronic nose |
| CN105891040B (en) * | 2016-04-05 | 2019-07-12 | 天津大学 | Gas Distinguishing Method and device |
| CN105866190A (en) * | 2016-05-27 | 2016-08-17 | 南京信息工程大学 | Electronic nose device for food detection and detection method |
| CN105911228B (en) * | 2016-06-21 | 2018-01-09 | 重庆大学 | A kind of portable electric nose system and its control method |
| CN112005095A (en) * | 2018-03-29 | 2020-11-27 | 太阳诱电株式会社 | Sensing system, information processing apparatus, program, and information collection method |
| CN109061061B (en) * | 2018-08-02 | 2021-04-20 | 中国电子科技集团公司第二十四研究所 | Internal atmosphere detection calibrator for micro circuit |
| KR102634949B1 (en) * | 2018-10-05 | 2024-02-07 | 삼성전자주식회사 | Gas sensor and gas sensing method for providing self-calibration |
| KR102649348B1 (en) * | 2018-10-29 | 2024-03-20 | 삼성전자주식회사 | Gas sensing device, electronic device including the same, and gas sensing system |
| CN111948338B (en) * | 2019-05-15 | 2022-06-24 | 许俊杰 | Method for improving judgment of harmful gas detector |
| CN112801673A (en) * | 2021-02-01 | 2021-05-14 | 光机电(广州)科技研究院有限公司 | Agricultural product detection pretreatment integrated control system |
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