CN101787936A - Water jacket structure of diesel cylinder block - Google Patents
Water jacket structure of diesel cylinder block Download PDFInfo
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- CN101787936A CN101787936A CN 201010121511 CN201010121511A CN101787936A CN 101787936 A CN101787936 A CN 101787936A CN 201010121511 CN201010121511 CN 201010121511 CN 201010121511 A CN201010121511 A CN 201010121511A CN 101787936 A CN101787936 A CN 101787936A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a water jacket structure of a diesel cylinder block. The upper portion of an intake side of the cylinder block is provided with a water distributing channel, the front end of which is connected with a water pump and the rear end of which is provided with an engine oil cooler cavity; a cylinder block water jacket is formed at the middle/upper portion of the cylinder block and comprises at least two transversely parallel single water jacket bodies, each of which is provided with an water intake hole and a water drainage hole, the water distributing channel is communicated with the interior of each of the single water jacket bodies through the water intake holes; the water intake hole on the first single water jacket body at the front end of the cylinder block water jacket comprises a front straight water intake hole and a rear straight water intake hole, the water intake holes on other single water jacket bodies each comprise a rear straight water intake hole, wherein all the single water jacket bodies are each provided with an oblique water intake hole except the first single water jacket body, the front straight water intake hole, the rear straight water intake hole and the oblique water intake hole are all tangential to the periphery of the single water jacket bodies. The water jacket structure, skillful and reasonable in structure, can effectively cool the cylinder block and the engine oil, increase the rigidity of the intake side of the cylinder block and lower noise.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of improvement of diesel engine part, specifically is a kind of water jacket structure of diesel cylinder block, belongs to the mechanical structure technical field.
Background technique
Internal-combustion engine in the course of the work because the heat that high-temperature gas burning discharges makes that the heat load of heating part is very high.In order to guarantee that these heating parts can proper functioning, the heat transfer problem of resolving heating part is vital.For the critical component that is heated---cylinder block and head, the structural design of cooling jacket can be resolved their heat transfer problem.
Heat transfer more complicated between cooling medium in the water jacket of internal combustion engine and the cylinder block-cylinder head wall is divided into convection heat exchange, nucleate boiling heat exchange, transition boiling heat exchange and four kinds of states of film boiling heat exchange usually.Common heat exchange is in the convection heat exchange state, and the flowing velocity of cooling medium is the principal element that influences convection transfer rate, and flow velocity height then cooling medium is strong with the convection action of wall, the convection transfer rate height.Improve with the wall degree of superheat, under the pressure suitable condition, between cooling medium and cylinder block-cylinder head wall the nucleate boiling heat exchange may take place, promptly produce bubble, air parcel and gas column at solid wall surface.If cooling medium flows enough strong, the bubble of the generation medium that is cooled is taken away, new bubble generation, and the influence of the strong disturbance of bubble of being bullied, the coefficient of heat transfer of nucleate boiling stage cooling medium and cylinder block-cylinder head wall is higher.If the cooling medium flow velocity is lower, bubble gathers at solid wall surface, regional area will form the bigger steam film of thermal resistance, may enter transition boiling stage or film boiling stage between cooling medium and wall, the coefficient of heat transfer between cooling medium and wall sharply reduces at this moment, and the solid temperature in this regional area increases severely.
The internal-combustion engine cooling system task is that the assurance internal-combustion engine is worked under suitable temperature conditions.The different structure position is to the demand difference of cooling, and for example cylinder head " bridge of the nose district " and cylinder block need be cooled off to avoid local superheating preferably near near the higher zone of operating temperature " vigor bank "; And the temperature at positions such as cylinder block bottom is relatively low, need reduce cooling to prevent local overcooling.According to the heat exchange state between cooling medium and cylinder block-cylinder head wall, in the jacket structure for water design, often require cooling medium to keep higher flow velocity in the higher zone of heat load.Cooling medium in the internal-combustion engine flows and drives by water pump mostly, and water flow increases the power consumpiton that can significantly increase water pump, also may aggravate the cavitation in local flow zone, has a negative impact.Generally speaking, cylinder block-cylinder head water route design will be under suitable flow, for keep cooling preferably than thermal region; For then reducing heat radiation than cool region.Comprehensive above factor, pay close attention to usually in the water jacket analysis be that water flow between each cylinder is distributed, several aspects such as near the flow velocity of cylinder head " bridge of the nose trigonum ", block jacket top flow velocity and the total flow losses of water circuit system.
The cooling water of internal combustion engine nested structure generally is made up of block jacket and cylinder head jacket, traditional current are organized generally and are: cooling water enters from cylinder block one side, after block jacket, enter in the cylinder head jacket, flow out from cylinder head one end then, be that in-engine water cycle is to flow to cylinder head from cylinder block, the import and export of cooling water lay respectively on the cylinder block and head.Cooling water also is after absorbing the heat of cylinder block earlier, absorbs the heat of cylinder head again, flows out from cylinder head at last.In the layout of traditional small-power high-speed diesel engine cylinder block water flow field, the block jacket structure is generally as shown in Figure 3: cooling water enters block jacket from the water pump side by cloth water channel and water inlet, by the perforate between each cylinder water jacket, regulate current and laterally run through each cylinder water jacket, the cooling water of each cylinder osculum through advancing to be distributed in exhaust side then flows into cylinder head jacket.This structure does not consider that the two-way of each block jacket stream, the design of single water inlet certainly will strengthen the water velocity that block jacket is positioned at exhaust side (extreme direction behind the motor), and slow down in air inlet side one side water velocity, cause the cylinder block local temperature uneven in temperature, thermal distortion takes place, thereby influences whole aircraft reliability.
As shown in Figure 3, Figure 4, this kind water jacket arrangement is not considered the cooling of diesel engine lubricating oil yet, and cylinder block air inlet side main oil gallery separates with water channel, and is not compact, and the structural strength of cylinder block top air inlet side is weaker than exhaust side, and assembly deflections is bigger; In engine operation, may cause that complete machine oscillation, noise are big, engine oil consumption is high, discharging is poor and be difficult for defective such as sand removal, thereby influence complete machine travelling comfort and reliability.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, provide a kind of structure ingenious rational water jacket structure of diesel cylinder block, this structure can effectively be improved the cooling effect of cylinder block, improve the machine oil cooling effect, increase cylinder block air inlet side rigidity, simultaneously can satisfy the maximum discharge requirement, reach the purpose that reduces noise and increase part reliability.
According to technological scheme provided by the invention: a kind of water jacket structure of diesel cylinder block, described cylinder block air inlet upper lateral part is provided with horizontal cloth water channel, the front end of cloth water channel connects water pump, the rear end of cloth water channel is provided with the machine oil cooler chamber, and machine oil cooler chamber mounting plane is parallel to the cylinder axis line; The middle and upper part of cylinder block is formed with block jacket, block jacket comprises at least two horizontal single water jacket bodies side by side, all offer water inlet and weep hole on each single water jacket body, wherein the water inlet is positioned at body air inlet side, and the cloth water channel is connected by the inside of the single water jacket body of water inlet and each; The straight water inlet in straight water inlet and back before water inlet on first single water jacket body of described block jacket front end comprises, straight water inlet after water inlet on other each single water jacket bodies includes one, it is characterized in that: it is external to remove first single water jacket, also offer oblique water inlet on other each single water jacket bodies, described preceding straight water inlet, straight water inlet, back and oblique water inlet all are tangential to single water jacket body periphery.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the center line of described preceding straight water inlet, straight water inlet, back and oblique water inlet and water intake center are 40 °~50 ° with the angle of the block jacket line of centres.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the aperture of the preceding straight water inlet on described first single water jacket body is greater than the aperture of the oblique water inlet of other each single water jacket bodies.
As a further improvement on the present invention, described cloth water channel is positioned at 1/2 position on block jacket top; Straight water inlet, straight water inlet, back and oblique water inlet are positioned at the position on block jacket top 1/4~1/3 before described.
As a further improvement on the present invention, described osculum comprises: first osculum, first osculum are positioned at each intake duct bottom of body, are used to cool off intake duct; Second osculum, second osculum are positioned at each air outlet flue bottom of body, are used for the coolant exhaust road; The 3rd osculum, the 3rd osculum are positioned at spray cylinder cap bridge of the nose trigonum.
As a further improvement on the present invention, strengthen osculum and back reinforcement osculum before described osculum also comprises, preceding reinforcement osculum is arranged at the block jacket front end, is used to strengthen first single water jacket body water flow; The back is strengthened osculum and is arranged on the block jacket rear end, is used to strengthen the 4th cylinder current.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the machine oil cooler chamber of described cloth water channel rear end is expanded downwards and is prolonged, outwards protrudes, and volume enlarges, and the bottom in machine oil cooler chamber is lower than each single water jacket body and offers the dewatering orifice; Be provided with machine oil and import and export in the machine oil cooler chamber, machine oil is imported and exported and is connected with the body main oil gallery.
As a further improvement on the present invention, inside, described machine oil cooler chamber is provided with stiffening rib; Described stiffening rib comprises a horizontal stiffening rib and two walings.
As a further improvement on the present invention, described block jacket includes 4 single water jacket bodies.
The present invention is means with computation fluid dynamics (CFD), is optimized improvement to cylinder of diesel engine-cylinder head jacket Structure Calculation analysis and to structure, and concrete advantage is as follows:
1, the water inlet on each single water jacket body all is positioned at the position on block jacket top 1/4~1/3, has guaranteed that the higher top of block jacket heat load effectively cools off; Owing to the straight-through effect of current, the flow rate of water flow of block jacket middle and lower part is slower simultaneously, also avoided the block jacket temperature of lower to cross low caused cylinder-liner distortion, and heat too much loses the fuel unnecessary consumption that is caused.
2, the water inlet on each single water jacket body (preceding straight water inlet, straight water inlet, back and oblique water inlet) all is tangential to single water jacket body periphery, cooling water flow from the both sides of single water jacket body around entering, promptly avoided directly the washing away of single water jacket body made that again the flow rate of water flow of single water jacket body periphery is even; Resistance to water-flow also can be reduced in each two water inlet of single water jacket body layout in addition, promotes the mechanical efficiency of motor.
3, the osculum majority on each single water jacket body is arranged in the body exhaust side, makes the increasing around water flow accounting example of cooling water in each single water jacket body, simultaneously the effective higher position of heat load of cooling air cylinder body, cylinder head.
4, increase the machine oil refrigerating function, strengthened the volume in machine oil cooler chamber, effectively guaranteed the cooling effectiveness of machine oil cooler; Dewatering orifice in the machine oil cooler chamber has guaranteed clean discharging water a little less than each single water jacket body simultaneously.
5, set up stiffening rib in the machine oil cooler chamber, increased the integral rigidity of cylinder block, made assembly deflections little, part cooperates more easy to control, and the noise of cylinder block significantly reduces.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the front view of cylinder block air inlet side of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is that A-A among Fig. 1 is to sectional view.
Fig. 3 is the front view of traditional cylinder block air inlet side.
Fig. 4 is that B-B among Fig. 3 is to sectional view.
Fig. 5 is the structural representation that covers with the cylinder block corresponding cylinder.
Description of reference numerals: 1-machine oil cooler chamber, the 2-stiffening rib, the horizontal stiffening rib of 2a-, the 2b-waling, the 3-dewatering orifice, 4-machine oil is imported and exported, straight water inlet before the 5-, 6-loam core passage, straight water inlet behind the 7-, 8-cloth water channel, 9-first osculum, water hole on 9 '-the first, the oblique water inlet of 10-, 11-machine oil cooler chamber mounting plane, strengthen osculum behind the 12-, the water hole is strengthened going up in 12 '-back, 13-second osculum, water hole on 13 '-the second, 14-the 3rd osculum, water hole on 14 '-Di three, strengthen osculum before the 15-, water hole in the 15 '-preceding reinforcement, the 16-bolt hole.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with concrete drawings and Examples.
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, be example with the diesel engine of the Ou Si wet cylinder liner of four cylinders, 2.0~2.5L, described cylinder block air inlet upper lateral part is provided with horizontal cloth water channel 8, and the front end of cloth water channel 8 is connected with the water pump that is used to pump into cooling water.The rear end of cloth water channel 8 is provided with machine oil cooler chamber 1.The middle and upper part of described cylinder block is formed with block jacket, and the block jacket width is 18~45mm, and described cloth water channel 8 is positioned at 1/2 position on block jacket top, and cloth water channel 8 is 10~70mm apart from the distance of cylinder block end face; Block jacket comprises four horizontal single water jacket bodies side by side, all offers water inlet and weep hole on each single water jacket body, and cloth water channel 8 is connected by the inside of the single water jacket body of water inlet and each.
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the water inlet on first single water jacket body of described block jacket front end comprises the straight water inlet 7 in preceding straight water inlet 5 and back, and wherein the aperture of preceding straight water inlet 5 is
The aperture of straight water inlet 7, back is
Straight water inlet 7 and an oblique water inlet 10 after water inlet on other second, third and the 4th single water jacket body includes one, wherein the aperture of straight water inlet 7, back is
Tiltedly the aperture of water inlet 10 is
Straight water inlet 5 before described, straight water inlet 7, back and tiltedly water inlet 10 all be tangential to single water jacket body periphery, preceding straight water inlet 5, straight water inlet 7, back and tiltedly the center line of water inlet 10 and water intake center preferably are made as 40 °~50 ° with the angle of the block jacket line of centres.For guaranteeing the abundance of first single water jacket body inflow, the aperture of the preceding straight water inlet 5 on described first single water jacket body should be greater than the aperture of the oblique water inlet 10 of other each single water jacket bodies.Above-mentioned preceding straight water inlet 5, straight water inlet 7, back and oblique water inlet 10 all are opened in body air inlet side, are positioned at the position on block jacket top 1/4~1/3, and they are 25~50mm apart from the distance of cylinder block end face.
Consider that two water inlets on each single water jacket body all are positioned at body air inlet side, for guarantee current in each single water jacket body around characteristic and in conjunction with the emphasis cooling position of cylinder cap, the osculum majority of each single water jacket body of the present invention is arranged in the body exhaust side, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, first osculum 9 is positioned at each intake duct bottom of body, it is used to cool off intake duct, and the aperture of first osculum 9 is
Second osculum 13 is positioned at each air outlet flue bottom of body, and it is used for the coolant exhaust road, and the aperture of second osculum 13 is
The 3rd osculum 14 is positioned at spray cylinder cap bridge of the nose trigonum, it can be by being arranged in special construction on the cylinder head with the bridge of the nose trigonum of the direct spray of water outlet in head valve, oil sprayer, guarantee effective cooling at the higher position of cylinder head heat load, the aperture of the 3rd osculum 14 is
Above-mentioned first osculum 9, second osculum 13 and the 3rd osculum 14 are provided with rationally, and the water (flow) direction unanimity has fully guaranteed the cooling in diesel engine frame key dangerous zone.Hydrokinetics calculation by the CFD among the CAE (computational liquid dynamic), to cylinder block-analysis of cylinder head water flow field as can be known, for the cylinder block of cloth water channel 8 is arranged, the water flow of first single water jacket body, four single water jacket bodies is slightly less than the water flow of second single water jacket body and the 3rd single water jacket body, thereby before the block jacket front end is provided with one that is used to strengthen first single water jacket body water flow, strengthen osculum 15, strengthen osculum 12 after being provided with two that are used to strengthen the 4th cylinder current in the block jacket rear end; The aperture of strengthening osculum 15 and back reinforcement osculum 12 before described is respectively
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the machine oil cooler chamber 1 of described cloth water channel 8 rear ends is expanded downwards and is prolonged, outwards protrudes, volume enlarges, the width in machine oil cooler chamber 1 is 120~150mm, highly be 85~110mm, machine oil cooler chamber mounting plane 11 is parallel to the cylinder axis line, and its distance apart from cylinder axis is 110~120mm; The bottom in machine oil cooler chamber 1 is lower than each single water jacket body and offers dewatering orifice 3, and clean discharging water can be realized in dewatering orifice 3; Dewatering orifice 3 is 70~120mm apart from the distance of cylinder block end face, and the aperture of dewatering orifice 3 is 5~10mm; Be provided with machine oil and import and export 4 in machine oil cooler chamber 1, machine oil is imported and exported 4 and is connected with the body main oil gallery.
As shown in Figure 1, offer a plurality of uniform bolts hole 16 that are close on the described machine oil cooler chamber mounting plane 11, effectively guaranteed the reliable sealing in machine oil cooler cover plate and machine oil cooler chamber 1.1 inside, described machine oil cooler chamber is provided with stiffening rib 2, and stiffening rib 2 comprises a horizontal stiffening rib 2a and two waling 2b, and laterally the height of stiffening rib 2a and waling 2b is 5~10mm, and wide is 5~10mm.
During concrete the application, cooling water enters in the cloth water channel 8 from cylinder block one side by water pump, and cloth water channel 8 separates the inhalant region of each cylinder with cylinder bolt, guarantees that as far as possible the water inlet of each cylinder is even; Water in the cloth water channel 8 enters by the water inlet on the block jacket, and the osculum on block jacket enters in the cylinder head jacket that is formed on the cylinder head then.Cylinder head jacket is provided with a plurality of water holes of going up, on each the water hole respectively with the corresponding connection of osculum on the block jacket, the structure of cylinder head as shown in Figure 5, last water hole wherein comprises: be positioned at body intake duct bottom first on water hole 9 ' and the 9 corresponding connections of first osculum on the water hole 9 ', the first; Be positioned on second under the cylinder cap air outlet flue water hole 13 ' and the 13 corresponding connections of second osculum on the water hole 13 ', the second; Be positioned at the cylinder cap trigonum the 3rd on water hole 14 ', water hole 14 ' and the 14 corresponding connections of the 3rd osculum on the 3rd; Preceding upward water hole 15 ', the water hole 15 ' and preceding reinforcement osculum 15 corresponding connections in the preceding reinforcement strengthened; Water hole 12 ' is strengthened going up in the back; The back is strengthened going up water hole 12 ' and is strengthened osculum 12 corresponding connections with the back.Cooling water has unexpectedly that the water hole enters in the cylinder head jacket on above-mentioned each, after the cooling that realizes cylinder head, flow out from cylinder head one end, promptly in-engine water cycle is to flow to cylinder head from cylinder block, and the import and export of cooling water lay respectively on the cylinder block and head.
The present invention can come the water flow of control flows through each water inlet, osculum by the aperture that changes water inlet, osculum, optimizes the purpose that water flows in the block jacket thereby reach.Wherein, water inlet and the drill bit channels on first single water jacket body and the second single water jacket body arranged by the loam core passage 6 of arranged outside; Water inlet and drill bit channels on the 3rd single water jacket body and the 4th single water jacket body are arranged by the opening in machine oil cooler chamber 1; For guaranteeing the rigidity of cloth water channel 8 preceding end bearings, the straight water inlet 7 in preceding straight water inlet 5 on described first single water jacket body and back is respectively to there being a loam core passage 6.The present invention compares with the adjusting measure of traditional head gasket, the processing cost in cylinder block water hole is increased less, and it is big to have overcome the head gasket manufacture difficulty that causes in the head gasket regulating method simultaneously, leaks easily, shortcoming such as gas leakage; In addition since head gasket itself very thin, take to control the water hole measure after, can cause the throttle orifice local velocity too high, local negative pressure is low excessively, easily causes local cavitation pitting.
Claims (10)
1. water jacket structure of diesel cylinder block, described cylinder block air inlet upper lateral part is provided with horizontal cloth water channel (8), the front end of cloth water channel (8) connects water pump, and the rear end of cloth water channel (8) is provided with machine oil cooler chamber (1), and machine oil cooler chamber mounting plane (11) is parallel to the cylinder axis line; The middle and upper part of cylinder block is formed with block jacket, block jacket comprises at least two horizontal single water jacket bodies side by side, all offer water inlet and weep hole on each single water jacket body, wherein the water inlet is positioned at body air inlet side, and cloth water channel (8) is connected by the inside of the single water jacket body of water inlet and each; The straight water inlet (7) in straight water inlet (5) and back before water inlet on first single water jacket body of described block jacket front end comprises, straight water inlet (7) after water inlet on other each single water jacket bodies includes one, it is characterized in that: it is external to remove first single water jacket, also offer oblique water inlet (10) on other each single water jacket bodies, described preceding straight water inlet (5), straight water inlet (7), back and oblique water inlet (10) all are tangential to single water jacket body periphery.
2. water jacket structure of diesel cylinder block as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the center line of straight water inlet (5), straight water inlet (7), back and oblique water inlet (10) and water intake center are 40 °~50 ° with the angle of the block jacket line of centres before described.
3. water jacket structure of diesel cylinder block as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the aperture of the preceding straight water inlet (5) on described first single water jacket body is greater than the aperture of the oblique water inlet (10) of other each single water jacket bodies.
4. water jacket structure of diesel cylinder block as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described cloth water channel (8) is positioned at 1/2 position on block jacket top; Straight water inlet (5), straight water inlet (7), back and oblique water inlet (10) are positioned at the position on block jacket top 1/4~1/3 before described.
5. water jacket structure of diesel cylinder block as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described osculum comprises: first osculum (9), first osculum (9) are positioned at each intake duct bottom of body, are used to cool off intake duct; Second osculum (13), second osculum (13) are positioned at each air outlet flue bottom of body, are used for the coolant exhaust road; The 3rd osculum (14), the 3rd osculum (14) are positioned at spray cylinder cap bridge of the nose trigonum.
6. water jacket structure of diesel cylinder block as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that: strengthen osculum (15) and back reinforcement osculum (12) before described osculum also comprises, the preceding osculum (15) of strengthening is arranged at the block jacket front end, is used to strengthen first single water jacket body water flow; The back is strengthened osculum (12) and is arranged on the block jacket rear end, is used to strengthen the 4th cylinder current.
7. water jacket structure of diesel cylinder block as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the machine oil cooler chamber (1) of described cloth water channel (8) rear end is expanded downwards and is prolonged, outwards protrudes, volume enlarges, and the bottom of machine oil cooler chamber (1) is lower than each single water jacket body and offers dewatering orifice (3); Be provided with machine oil and import and export (4) in machine oil cooler chamber (1), machine oil is imported and exported (4) and is connected with the body main oil gallery.
8. water jacket structure of diesel cylinder block as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: inside, described machine oil cooler chamber (1) is provided with stiffening rib (2).
9. water jacket structure of diesel cylinder block as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that: described stiffening rib (2) comprises a horizontal stiffening rib (2a) and two walings (2b).
10. water jacket structure of diesel cylinder block as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described block jacket includes 4 single water jacket bodies.
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CN102536494A (en) * | 2012-03-22 | 2012-07-04 | 江苏四达动力机械集团有限公司 | Cooling water jacket structure of diesel engine cylinder body |
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