CN101781773A - Horizontal electricity-outlet aluminium electrolytic bath cathode structure - Google Patents
Horizontal electricity-outlet aluminium electrolytic bath cathode structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN101781773A CN101781773A CN200910010161A CN200910010161A CN101781773A CN 101781773 A CN101781773 A CN 101781773A CN 200910010161 A CN200910010161 A CN 200910010161A CN 200910010161 A CN200910010161 A CN 200910010161A CN 101781773 A CN101781773 A CN 101781773A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a horizontal electricity-outlet aluminium electrolytic bath cathode structure, and belongs to the technical field of the aluminium electrolytic bath. The horizontal electricity-outlet aluminium electrolytic bath cathode structure comprises a bath shell and a lining, wherein the lining mainly comprises cathode carbon blocks, a side lining, a bottom lining and fastening materials of the cathode carbon blocks; the cathode carbon blocks are connected by adopting the fastening materials, such as in-carbon paste, magnesia bricks, silicon carbide bricks and the like; the distance between the cathode carbon blocks; the heights of the fastening materials of the in-carbon paste and the like are lower than those of the cathode carbon blocks; and cathode steel rods are horizontally arranged at the bottom parts of the cathode carbon blocks and penetrate out of the side of the electrolytic bath. The upper surface of the cathode has more grooves, thus dividing large liquid aluminium pool into a plurality of areas, effectively bounding the flowing and fluctuation of the aluminium liquid due to the effect of electromagnetic force, improving the stability of the electrolytic bath, being capable of reducing the height and the polar distance of the aluminium liquid, improving the current efficiency and achieving the purposes of saving energy and reducing consumption.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of horizontal electricity-outlet aluminium electrolytic bath cathode structure, belong to the aluminium cell technical field.
Background technology
Be used for the industrial Hall-Heroult electrolyzer of aluminium at present and use carbon anode and charcoal piece negative electrode, by electrolyzing fused alumina producing aluminium, ionogen mainly is made up of sodium aluminum fluoride and alumina melt, is dissolved in wherein aluminum fluoride and other fluoride salt in addition in addition.The aluminium that electrolysis is separated out is accumulated in bottom land charcoal piece negative electrode top, forms the aluminium liquid layer, and as the part of negative electrode.Owing to the aluminium liquid in the electrolyzer is subjected to the influence campaign of the electromagnetic field workshop in, the aluminium liquid that need keep certain height, the fluctuation at minimizing interface.The aluminum liquid horizontal of industrial cell maintenance at present is generally between 10～30cm, in the case, still need to keep the pole span about 4.5cm, the height of pole span mainly is subjected to the influence of electrolyzer stability, under the cathode construction and magnetic field condition of existing electrolyzer, further optimize the stability that Distribution of Magnetic Field improves electrolyzer, and then the reduction pole span has become a very thing of difficulty.
Existing Hall-Heroult aluminium cell, all having a general problem according to size and electrolysis process different is exactly that electric energy efficiency is lower, and generally between 45～50%, remaining electric energy all is converted into heat energy dissipation and has fallen.The pole span of existing aluminium cell generally all about 4.5cm, causes the low major cause of electric energy efficiency just to be existing common prebaked cell because the aluminium fluid wave that cause in magnetic field is moving, therefore often needs the pole span that keeps bigger for the stably manufactured that guarantees electrolyzer.
Electric energy efficiency is hanged down and has been caused the meaningless consumption of huge electric energy on the industrial cell, and the energy-saving and cost-reducing means of aluminium cell have two kinds, and a kind of is to improve current efficiency, and another kind is exactly to reduce pole span, reduces bath voltage.And existing electrolyzer, mostly between 90～96%, the space of improving current efficiency is limited for current efficiency.Aluminum current electrolyzer pole span is generally about 4.5～5cm, the pressure drop that pole span brings is about 40% of total energy consumption, the energy-saving and cost-reducing very big space that provides is provided in the reduction of pole span, but because the restriction of traditional this body structure of electrolyzer, reduce pole span, because the aluminium liquid electrolyte interface influence of fluctuations that brought by magnetic field, it is unstable that electrolyzer will become, lose current efficiency, be difficult to reach purpose of energy saving.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is: the cathode construction that a kind of horizontal electricity-outlet aluminium electrolytic bath is provided, purpose is the fluctuation that reduces the mobile and reduction aluminium liquid interface of aluminium liquid in the electrolyzer, thereby reduce the interpolar pressure drop, improve the electric energy efficiency of aluminium cell, reduce the influence of magnetic field, reach purpose of energy saving Aluminium Electrolysis stability.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions.
A kind of cathode construction of horizontal electricity-outlet aluminium electrolytic bath, it comprises pot shell and liner, liner is mainly formed by pricking solid material between cathode carbon pieces, lateral lining, bottom liner and cathode carbon pieces, adopt the solid material connection of bundles such as paste, magnesia brick or silicon carbide brick between charcoal between the cathode carbon pieces, distance between the cathode carbon pieces widens, the height of carbon block ramming material is lower than the height of cathode carbon pieces, and the cathode steel bar level is installed in the bottom of cathode carbon pieces, and cathode steel bar passes from the sidepiece of electrolyzer.
1～8 cathode steel bar is installed in the described every cathode carbon pieces.
Described cathode carbon pieces cross-sectional shape is square.
Described cathode carbon pieces cross-sectional shape is that top is that shape, bottoms such as trapezoidal, trilateral, circle, ellipse are square.
Described cathode carbon pieces upper surface has groove.
The groove quantity of offering on the described every cathode carbon pieces is 1～20.
That described groove lateral cross section is shaped as is square, trapezoidal, trilateral or circle etc.
Described cathode carbon pieces is square, and 1～8 cathode steel bar is installed in the every cathode carbon pieces.
The lateral cross section shape of described cathode steel bar can be circle, ellipse or rectangle.
Described cathode carbon pieces distance to each other is between 30～300mm.
Stick with paste between described charcoal and highly be lower than the height of cathode carbon pieces between 20～450mm.
The height of described cathode carbon pieces can be between 300～700mm, and width can be consistent with anode carbon block.
The height of described cathode carbon pieces can be between 300～700mm, the cathode carbon pieces of the width of cathode carbon pieces between 250～800mm.
Bottom liner below the described cathode carbon pieces is a flame-proof thermal insulation material.
Be connected with sticking with paste to make firm by ramming on every side by mould material between the end of described cathode carbon pieces and the lateral lining.
The upper surface of described cathode carbon pieces is the plane.
Characteristics of the present invention and effect are as follows:
Cathode construction of the present invention, distance widens between the cathode carbon pieces, the solid material height of bundle between the charcoal piece is lower than the cathode carbon pieces height, cause the negative electrode upper surface a lot of grooves to occur, huge aluminium liquid pool is divided into several little zones, fettered aluminium liquid effectively owing to flowing and fluctuation that the effect that is subjected to electromagnetic force produces, improved the stability of electrolyzer, therefore aluminium liquid height can keep very low, the cathode carbon pieces that exceeds projection gets final product for several centimetres, pole span also can significantly reduce, and can make pole span drop to 2.5～4cm or lower from about 4.5～5cm of traditional electrolyzer.
Owing to kept lower aluminum liquid horizontal, when electrolyzer goes out aluminium, cause the aluminium quantity not sufficient of aluminium flowing-out mouth position easily, make ionogen enter out the aluminium device, for head it off, can take suitably to increase the machined surface of aluminium inlet, in measures such as cathode carbon pieces upper surface open channels, for aluminium liquid provides collection channel.
The present invention has reduced pole span owing to adopt above-mentioned cathode construction, has improved utilization rate of electrical, greatly reduces the influence of magnetic field to Aluminium Electrolysis stability.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a cathode construction of the present invention, and the cathode carbon pieces cross-sectional shape is a quadrate master TV structure synoptic diagram.
Fig. 2 is the side-looking structural representation that there is a square groove at cathode construction cathode carbon pieces of the present invention middle part.
Fig. 3 is the side-looking structural representation that there is a trapezoidal groove at cathode construction cathode carbon pieces of the present invention middle part.
Fig. 4 is the side-looking structural representation that cathode construction cathode carbon pieces upper surface of the present invention has a plurality of square grooves.
Fig. 5 is the side-looking structural representation that cathode construction cathode carbon pieces upper surface of the present invention has a plurality of trapezoidal grooves.
Fig. 6 is the side-looking structural representation that cathode construction cathode carbon pieces of the present invention middle part does not have groove.
Fig. 7 is a cathode construction of the present invention, and cathode carbon pieces cross-sectional shape top is that trapezoidal, bottom is a quadrate master TV structure synoptic diagram.
Among the figure, 1, lateral lining, 2, cathode steel bar, 3, cathode carbon pieces, 4, cathode carbon pieces groove 5 pricks solid material, 6, the bottom liner.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the embodiment of the invention is elaborated, but protection scope of the present invention is not limit by embodiment.
As shown in Figure 1, admittedly material 5, bottom liner 6 constitute the cathode construction of horizontal electricity-outlet aluminium electrolytic bath by pricking bundles such as paste, magnesia brick between lateral lining 1, cathode carbon pieces 3, negative electrode charcoal, adopting between charcoal materials such as paste, magnesia brick, silicon carbide brick to prick between the cathode carbon pieces 3 is solidly connected, distance between the cathode carbon pieces 3 widens, the height of the solid material 5 of the bundle between the cathode carbon pieces 3 is lower than the height of cathode carbon pieces 3, cathode carbon pieces 3 bottom levels are installed cathode steel bar 2, and cathode steel bar 2 passes from the sidepiece of electrolyzer.Shown in Fig. 2～5, cathode carbon pieces 3 upper surfaces are the plane or offer groove 4 on upper surfaces; Groove 4 quantity of offering on every cathode carbon pieces 3 are 1～20.The structure of lateral lining 1 and bottom liner 6 and material are selected and can be obtained according to the heat calculation of differing capacities electrolyzer, and with existing industrial production in the aluminium cell used basic identical, the technology that this has become comparative maturity repeats no more here.
The cathode construction of electrolyzer of the present invention as shown in Figure 1, cathode carbon pieces 3 is to each other apart from increasing, between 30～300mm, and paste, magnesia brick, silicon carbide brick etc. are pricked solid material 5 connections between the employing charcoal, the height of pricking solid material 5 between charcoal is lower than cathode carbon pieces 3 height, between 20～450mm, the bundle of charcoal interblock is stuck with paste highly can identical, also can be different.Cathode carbon pieces be placed on the bottom liner 6 on, bottom liner 6 be a heat insulating refractory materials, play the insulation and the carrying effect, between the end of cathode carbon pieces 3 and the lateral lining 1 employing mould material and on every side the paste make firm by ramming.
The height of cathode carbon pieces 3 can be between 300～700mm, and width can be consistent with anode carbon block, also can adopt the cathode carbon pieces of width between 250～800mm.
Adopt cathode construction of the present invention, can keep very low aluminum liquid horizontal, pole span significantly reduces simultaneously, so the liquid aluminium amount in the electrolyzer is less, when electrolyzer goes out aluminium, cause the aluminium quantity not sufficient of aluminium flowing-out mouth position easily, make ionogen enter out the aluminium device, for head it off, shown in Fig. 2～5, in cathode carbon pieces upper surface recessing 4,, can also suitably increase the machined surface of aluminium inlet in addition for aluminium liquid provides the passage that is pooled to aluminium flowing-out mouth.The groove 4 of cathode carbon pieces can be different forms such as square, trapezoidal, trilateral or circle, in addition can be only in the middle part of cathode carbon pieces recessing 4, also can all recessings 4 of entire upper surface, and not recessing also is fine, as shown in Figure 6.
The cathode construction of aluminium cell of the present invention, effectively fettered the mobile and fluctuation of aluminium liquid that cause in magnetic field on the one hand, reduced the fluctuation of electrolyzer aluminium liquid and electrolyte interface, thereby can suitably reduce pole span to 4.0cm, realized producing under the very little fluctuation situation of interpolar aluminium liquid-electrolyte interface, improve current efficiency, greatly reduced direct current consumption; Because the contact area between the cathode carbon pieces of aluminium liquid and conduction increases, reduced the pressure drop between cathode carbon pieces and the aluminium liquid, thereby reduced cathode drop on the other hand.
Adopt the electrolyzer of this kind conceptual design,, thereby can simplify busbar greatly, reduce the consumption of bus, shorten the distance between the electrolyzer, reduce construction cost because changes of magnetic field is very little for the moving influence of electrolyzer aluminium fluid wave.
Claims (14)
1. the cathode construction of a horizontal electricity-outlet aluminium electrolytic bath, it comprises pot shell and liner, it is characterized in that liner mainly forms by pricking solid material between cathode carbon pieces, lateral lining, bottom liner and cathode carbon pieces, adopt between the cathode carbon pieces and prick solid material connection, distance between the cathode carbon pieces widens, the height of pricking solid material is lower than the height of cathode carbon pieces, and the cathode steel bar level is installed in the bottom of cathode carbon pieces, and cathode steel bar passes from the sidepiece of electrolyzer.
2. the cathode construction of horizontal electricity-outlet aluminium electrolytic bath according to claim 1 is characterized in that described cathode carbon pieces upper surface has groove.
3. the cathode construction of horizontal electricity-outlet aluminium electrolytic bath according to claim 2 is characterized in that the groove quantity of offering on the described every cathode carbon pieces is 1～20.
4. the cathode construction of horizontal electricity-outlet aluminium electrolytic bath according to claim 3 is characterized in that described groove lateral cross section is shaped as square, trapezoidal, trilateral or circle etc.
5. the cathode construction of horizontal electricity-outlet aluminium electrolytic bath according to claim 1 is characterized in that installing in the described every cathode carbon pieces 1～8 cathode steel bar.
6. the cathode construction of horizontal electricity-outlet aluminium electrolytic bath according to claim 1 is characterized in that described cathode carbon pieces is square or top is trapezoidal, trilateral, circle, ellipse, and the bottom is square.
7. the cathode construction of horizontal electricity-outlet aluminium electrolytic bath according to claim 1 or 5, the lateral cross section shape that it is characterized in that described cathode steel bar can be circular, ellipse or rectangle.
8. the cathode construction of horizontal electricity-outlet aluminium electrolytic bath according to claim 1 is characterized in that described cathode carbon pieces is to each other apart from being between 30～300mm.
9. the cathode construction of horizontal electricity-outlet aluminium electrolytic bath according to claim 1 is characterized in that the height of the solid material of described bundle is lower than the height of cathode carbon pieces between 20～450mm.
10. according to the cathode construction of claim 1 or 9 described horizontal electricity-outlet aluminium electrolytic baths, it is characterized in that the height of described cathode carbon pieces can be between 300～700mm, width can be consistent with anode carbon block.
11., it is characterized in that the height of described cathode carbon pieces can be between 300～700mm, the cathode carbon pieces of the width of cathode carbon pieces between 250～800mm according to the cathode construction of claim 1 or 9 described horizontal electricity-outlet aluminium electrolytic baths.
12. the cathode construction of horizontal electricity-outlet aluminium electrolytic bath according to claim 1 is characterized in that the bottom liner below the described cathode carbon pieces is a flame-proof thermal insulation material.
13., be connected with sticking with paste to make firm by ramming on every side by mould material between the end that it is characterized in that described cathode carbon pieces and the lateral lining according to the cathode construction of claim 1 or 9 described horizontal electricity-outlet aluminium electrolytic baths.
14. according to the cathode construction of claim 1 or 9 described horizontal electricity-outlet aluminium electrolytic baths, the upper surface that it is characterized in that described cathode carbon pieces is the plane.
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| CN200910010161A CN101781773A (en) | 2009-01-20 | 2009-01-20 | Horizontal electricity-outlet aluminium electrolytic bath cathode structure |
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| CN200910010161A CN101781773A (en) | 2009-01-20 | 2009-01-20 | Horizontal electricity-outlet aluminium electrolytic bath cathode structure |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101949033A (en) * | 2010-09-30 | 2011-01-19 | 湖南晟通科技集团有限公司 | Using method for aluminum electrolytic cell |
| CN103205775A (en) * | 2013-04-27 | 2013-07-17 | 郑州轻冶科技有限公司 | Horizontal current-feed aluminum electrolysis cell electrode |
| CN104775134A (en) * | 2014-01-15 | 2015-07-15 | 贵阳铝镁设计研究院有限公司 | Aluminum electrolysis cell with end face electricity outgoing |
-
2009
- 2009-01-20 CN CN200910010161A patent/CN101781773A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101949033A (en) * | 2010-09-30 | 2011-01-19 | 湖南晟通科技集团有限公司 | Using method for aluminum electrolytic cell |
| CN103205775A (en) * | 2013-04-27 | 2013-07-17 | 郑州轻冶科技有限公司 | Horizontal current-feed aluminum electrolysis cell electrode |
| CN104775134A (en) * | 2014-01-15 | 2015-07-15 | 贵阳铝镁设计研究院有限公司 | Aluminum electrolysis cell with end face electricity outgoing |
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Open date: 20100721 |