CN101771436A - Method for capturing spread spectrums in multipath environment - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for capturing spread spectrums in multipath environment, comprising the following steps of: S1, matching and filtering local code sequences and received code sequences and outputting the relevant result of a matched filtering in each sampling period; S2, merging the multipath energy according to the relevant result of the matched filtering in each sampling period to obtain the value of the merged multipath energy, outputting the value of once merged multipath energy in each code sequence period and then comparing the merged multipath energy with a first threshold, if the former is less than the latter, comparing the merged multipath energy obtained after delaying one code sequence period with the first threshold until the merged multipath energy is greater than the first threshold, and then executing S3; and S3, comparing the value of the merged multipath energy obtained in S2 with a preset second threshold after delaying one code sequence period, if the former is greater than the latter, the capturing is successful, and otherwise, continuously executing S1 after delaying one code sequence period. The method can shorten the capturing time of a system and improve the stability of the system.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to wireless communication technology field, relate in particular to the spread spectrum acquisition method under a kind of multi-path environment.
Background technology
Spread spectrum acquisition is one of the most key technology of spread spectrum system, also is called synchronously thick.The purpose of spread spectrum acquisition is the sign indicating number sequence phase that rough estimate receives, so that adjust the local code sequence phase, makes the difference of local code sequence phase and receiving code sequence phase within 1 chip.Whole uncertain phase place zone is by several in-phase phase places (H
1) and out-of-phase phase place (H
0) form.H
1Phase place is represented the local code sequence phase of difference within 1 chip with the receiving code sequence phase, and H
0Then the difference of expression and receiving code sequence phase is greater than the local code sequence phase of 1 chip.Under the tradition Resistant DS Spread Spectrum System, it is generally acknowledged and have only a H in the uncertain region
1Phase place, that remaining all is H
0Phase place.But under multi-path environment, may there be a plurality of H
1Phase place.For the spread spectrum acquisition system of reality, whole uncertain phase place zone is a chip sequence cycle N
cT
c, N wherein
cBe sign indicating number sequence number of chips, T
cBe chip period, sample rate T
sThen be the elementary cell of discrete phase, therefore uncertain phase place has N
cT
c/ T
sIndividual.
In general, the spread spectrum acquisition process is divided search phase and two stages of Qualify Phase.In the search phase, receiver is searched in whole uncertain phase place zone according to certain search strategy, and the local code phase place is adjusted in stepping constantly, up to searching H
1Phase place.The H that this searches
1Phase place is temporary transient, remains further to be verified.At Qualify Phase, receiver is further verified the H that is searched then
1Whether phase place is correct.Spread spectrum acquisition system for there not being Qualify Phase is called the single resident system; Spread spectrum acquisition system for Qualify Phase is arranged then is called repeatedly resident system; For the system that only verifies at Qualify Phase once, be called two resident systems.Two resident systems are more extensive in actual applications.
The tradition spread spectrum acquisition method as shown in Figure 1.Carry out related operation in local sequence of search phase and receiving sequence, operation result compares as the judgement amount and first thresholding, if less than first thresholding, thinks that then local sequence phase is H
0Phase place after needing to adjust local sequence phase, is proceeded comparison, and more than or equal to first thresholding, think temporarily that local sequence phase is a H this moment up to correlation
1Phase place, system enters Qualify Phase.What deserves to be explained is,, then claim to have adopted sliding correlation method if each chip sequence cycle of capture systems just adjudicates once; If each sampling interval of capture systems all adjudicates once, then claim to have adopted the matched filtering method.Obviously owing to just need calculate correlation in each sampling interval of matched filtering method, therefore the hardware circuit computation rate is had relatively high expectations, but can shorten capture time greatly.At Qualify Phase, capture systems keeps the relative phase of local sequence and receiving sequence constant, and it is relevant to slide synchronously.If correlation is less than second thresholding, authentication failed then, system returns the search phase again; Otherwise think to be proved to be successful, thereby system acquisition success.This system is a two resident system.Need to prove that what system shown in the figure one adopted is coherent detection, if incoherent detection, what be used to so to adjudicate comparison is not correlation just, but a norm of correlation or two norms.One norm is the absolute value sum of real part and imaginary part, and two norms are the quadratic sum of real part and imaginary part.
Fig. 1 is the schematic process flow diagram of traditional spread spectrum acquisition method.This tradition spread spectrum acquisition method is grown, is worked better when channel is the additive white Gaussian channel at frequency expansion sequence, yet there is following defective in this method:
1) for packet-switched communication system, adopt long frequency expansion sequence can increase uncertain phase place zone (whole uncertain region is a chip sequence cycle), make capture time longer, cause the expense that is used to catch bigger.Although adopt the matched filtering method can reduce capture time, too high to the requirement of hardware computation rate, be difficult to realize.
2) real system (T under the situation of spreading rate sampling
s=T
c) can there be two adjacent H
1Phase place because sampling can not just be adopted in relevant peaks that, but can be adopted the right and left in relevant peaks, and these two some phase differences are a chip.The H that is detected so earlier
1The possible corresponding energy of phase place is less, thereby bigger at the probability of Qualify Phase authentication failed.This not only can increase system acquisition time, also can influence the stability of whole communication system.Equally, for the over-sampling system, promptly more can there be analogue in the system of a plurality of points of chip samples.
3) under multi-path environment, owing to there are a plurality of H
1Phase place, each H
1Corresponding a certain the independent footpath of phase place.If the search phase searches a footpath that energy is less, the probability in the Qualify Phase authentication failed will be bigger so.This also can increase system acquisition time, thereby influences the stability of whole communication system.Even adopt some improvement project can capture the wherein bigger footpath of certain bar energy, at the multi-path dense environment, under the UWB indoor communication environment, the energy in every footpath is all smaller, this still can increase system acquisition time, influences the stability of whole communication system.
Summary of the invention
At defective that exists in the prior art and deficiency, the purpose of this invention is to provide and a kind ofly can reduce system acquisition time, improve the spread spectrum acquisition method under the multi-path environment of the stability of a system, this method is particularly useful for Resistant DS Spread Spectrum System.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides the spread spectrum acquisition method under a kind of multi-path environment, described method comprises step:
S1: the sign indicating number sequence and the sign indicating number sequence that receives of this locality are carried out matched filtering, the correlated results of a matched filtering of each sampling period output, execution in step S2;
S2: the energy that merges multipath according to the correlated results of the matched filtering in each sampling period, the value of the multipath energy that obtains merging, the value of the multipath energy that each chip sequence cycle output once merges, the value and first thresholding of the multipath energy of this merging are compared, if the former is less than the latter, the value of the multipath energy of the merging that all after dates of the chip sequence of then will delaying time obtain compares with first thresholding that should preset, until the value of the multipath energy that merges greater than first thresholding, execution in step S3;
S3: delay time a chip sequence after the cycle, the value and the preset second threshold of the multipath energy of the merging of step S2 gained compared, if the former is greater than the latter, acquisition success then, otherwise delay time one chip sequence week after date, continue execution in step S1.
Preferably, the value of the multipath energy of described merging is the result of differential coherence, and step S2 is specially:
S21: the correlated results of the matched filtering that a chip sequence week of correlated results and the time-delay after date of the matched filtering of each sampling period correspondence is obtained carries out differential coherence, the relevant result of each chip sequence cycle output first difference, wherein, the chip sequence cycle is N
cT
c, N wherein
cBe the number of chips of the sign indicating number sequence of this locality, T
cChip period for this locality;
S22: the result of each differential coherence of step S21 gained is compared with default first thresholding respectively, if the result of differential coherence is less than first thresholding, the result that the difference that all after dates of the chip sequence of then will delaying time obtain is relevant compares with first thresholding that should preset, until the result of differential coherence greater than first thresholding, execution in step S3.
Replacedly, the value of the multipath energy of described merging can be integrated value, and step S2 is specially:
S21 ': try to achieve two norms of correlated results of the matched filtering of each sampling period correspondence, the two norm sequences that obtain are carried out integration, integrated value of each chip sequence cycle output, wherein, the chip sequence cycle is N
cT
c, N
cBe the number of chips of the sign indicating number sequence of this locality, T
cChip period for this locality;
S22 ': each integrated value of step S21 ' gained compares with first thresholding of presetting respectively, if integrated value is less than first thresholding, the integrated value that all after dates of the chip sequence of then will delaying time obtain compares with first thresholding that should preset, until integrated value greater than first thresholding, execution in step S3.
Wherein, the mode of the correlated results of a matched filtering of each output can be replaced by the mode that every M sampling period exported the PARALLEL MATCHING filtering of M correlated results in sampling period among the step S1.
Compared with prior art, the present invention can produce following beneficial effect:
1, all need to use matched filter in the search phase, and matched filtering essence is a kind of relevant fast, each sampling period just can be exported a correlated results, and then every judgement has once only spent a chip sequence cycle.Therefore, can guarantee the validity of algorithm, reduce capture time.Therefore two kinds of auxiliary spread spectrum acquisition methods of multipath do not need to adjust the local code sequence phase owing to all adopted matched filter;
2, the influence of over-sampling or multipath will cause existing a plurality of H
1Phase place, traditional spread spectrum acquisition scheme may search the less H of energy under the search phase
1Phase place, this can make that the probability of authentication failed is bigger under the Qualify Phase.Not only can increase system acquisition time, also can influence the stability of whole communication system.In addition, under the multi-path dense environment, the energy in wall scroll footpath is less, and this can make that equally the probability of authentication failed is bigger under the Qualify Phase, thereby increases system acquisition time, influences whole communication system stability.Method of the present invention can merge the energy of all multipaths under multi-path environment, thereby has reduced system acquisition time, has improved the stability of a system;
3, under the over-sampling situation, a chip has a plurality of sampled points, a plurality of H1 phase places is arranged in principle, and adopt method of the present invention these energy can be stacked up, and has avoided only utilizing the energy of some sampled points.That is to say, adopt this programme, even under the situation of having only the wall scroll footpath, also can make full use of all multipath energies, capture certain uncertain phase place more robust, what just can guarantee to receive at present is a yard sequence (targeting sequencing), rather than noise or other sequences.And in packet communication system, any pure noise of moment receiver possibility (packet does not also arrive), perhaps preamble sequence, or load data.Capture after the preamble sequence, also need to carry out channel estimating, can estimate the coefficient in every footpath like this.Therefore, under no multipath situation, many H1 phase problem that method of the present invention also can be forgone and cause because of over-sampling.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic process flow diagram of traditional spread spectrum acquisition method;
Fig. 2 is the schematic process flow diagram of the method for one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 is the schematic process flow diagram of the method for another embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail.Following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not used for limiting the scope of the invention.
According to one embodiment of the invention based on the schematic process flow diagram of the auxiliary spread spectrum acquisition method of the multipath of differential coherence as shown in Figure 2, this method comprises the steps:
1) system is in the search phase.In the search phase, the local sign indicating number sequence and the sign indicating number sequence of reception are carried out matched filtering.Each sampling period T
sAll export a correlated results.Certainly, also can adopt the PARALLEL MATCHING filter structure to realize here, M correlated results of promptly every M sampling period output.N sampling period matched filter is output as
Wherein, N
s=N
cT
c/ T
s, p[j] and be the local code sequence waveform after the sampling, r[j] be the receiving sequence waveform after the sampling, j=n-i;
2) the resulting matched filtering waveform of step 1) and the waveform in its chip sequence cycle of time-delay carry out differential coherence.N difference correlated results constantly is:
3) step 2) the gained difference correlation and first thresholding compare.A chip sequence continues execution in step 3 after the cycle if the difference correlation less than first thresholding, is then delayed time); If the difference correlation is greater than first thresholding, then execution in step 4);
4) system enters Qualify Phase.Delay time a chip sequence after the cycle, comparison step 2) size of gained difference correlation and second thresholding.If the difference correlation then is proved to be successful greater than second thresholding, thus acquisition success, otherwise the search phase is got back to by system, and all after dates of the chip sequence of delaying time, continue execution in step 3).
According to another embodiment of the present invention based on the auxiliary spread spectrum acquisition method of the multipath of energy integral as shown in Figure 3, comprise the steps:
1 ') system is in the search phase.Under the search phase, local code sequence and receiving code sequence are carried out matched filtering.Each sampling period T
sAll export a correlated results.Certainly, also can adopt the PARALLEL MATCHING filter structure to realize here, M correlated results of promptly every M sampling period output.N sampling period matched filter is output as
Wherein, N
s=N
cT
c/ T
s, p[j] and be the local code sequence waveform after the sampling, r[j] be the receiving sequence waveform after the sampling, j=n-i;
2 ') ask step 1 ') two norms (two norms are the quadratic sum of real part and imaginary part) of resulting matched filtering waveform, i.e. energy: e[n]=| h[n] | 2.H[n] can be sequence of real numbers or sequence of complex numbers;
3 ') to step 2 ') resulting two norm sequences carry out integration (should be called summation to discrete case strictly), and n integral result constantly is:
Integrating range is a chip sequence cycle, integral result of each chip sequence cycle output.
4 ') step 3 ') gained integral result and first thresholding compare.A chip sequence continues execution in step 4 ' after the cycle if the difference correlation less than first thresholding, is then delayed time); If the difference correlation is greater than first thresholding, then execution in step 5 ');
5 ') system enters Qualify Phase.Delay time a chip sequence after the cycle, comparison step 2 ') size of gained integral result and second thresholding.If integral result then is proved to be successful greater than second thresholding, thus acquisition success, otherwise the search phase is got back to by system, and all after dates of the chip sequence of delaying time, continue execution in step 4 ').
For illustrating the method for the embodiment of the invention, above-mentioned parameter can for:
T
s＝T
c/4；M＝4；N
c＝31；N
s＝128。
And the value of first thresholding and second thresholding can calculate according to the signal to noise ratio (SNRper chip) and the desired false alarm probability of every chip of actual reception signal.
As can be seen from the above embodiments, the present invention compared by multipath energy and threshold value with merging in the search phase, can reduce system acquisition time, improved the stability of a system.
The above only is embodiments of the present invention; should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite that does not break away from the technology of the present invention principle; can also make some improvement and modification, these improve and modification also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. the spread spectrum acquisition method under the multi-path environment is characterized in that described method comprises step:
S carries out matched filtering with the sign indicating number sequence of this locality with the sign indicating number sequence that receives, the correlated results of a matched filtering of each sampling period output, execution in step S2;
S2: the energy that merges multipath according to the correlated results of the matched filtering in each sampling period, the value of the multipath energy that obtains merging, the value of the multipath energy that each chip sequence cycle output once merges, the value of the multipath energy of this merging and default first thresholding are compared, if the former is less than the latter, the value of the multipath energy of the merging that all after dates of the chip sequence of then will delaying time obtain compares with first thresholding that should preset, until the value of the multipath energy that merges greater than first thresholding, execution in step S3;
S3: delay time a chip sequence after the cycle, the value and the preset second threshold of the multipath energy of the merging of step S2 gained compared, if the former is greater than the latter, acquisition success then, otherwise delay time one chip sequence week after date, continue execution in step S1.
2. the spread spectrum acquisition method under the multi-path environment as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the value of the multipath energy of described merging is the result of differential coherence, and step S2 is specially:
S21: the correlated results of the matched filtering that a chip sequence week of correlated results and the time-delay after date of the matched filtering of each sampling period correspondence is obtained carries out differential coherence, the relevant result of each chip sequence cycle output first difference, wherein, the chip sequence cycle is N
cT
c, N
cBe the number of chips of the sign indicating number sequence of this locality, T
cChip period for this locality;
S2 compares the result of each differential coherence of step S21 gained respectively with first thresholding of presetting, if the result of differential coherence is less than first thresholding, the result that the difference that all after dates of the chip sequence of then will delaying time obtain is relevant compares with first thresholding that should preset, until the result of differential coherence greater than first thresholding, execution in step S3.
3. the spread spectrum acquisition method under the multi-path environment as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the value of the multipath energy of described merging is an integrated value, and step S2 is specially:
S21 ': try to achieve two norms of correlated results of the matched filtering of each sampling period correspondence, the two norm sequences that obtain are carried out integration, integrated value of each chip sequence cycle output, wherein, the chip sequence cycle is N
cT
c, N
cBe the number of chips of the sign indicating number sequence of this locality, T
cChip period for this locality;
S22 ': each integrated value of step S21 ' gained compares with first thresholding of presetting respectively, if integrated value is less than first thresholding, the integrated value that all after dates of the chip sequence of then will delaying time obtain compares with first thresholding that should preset, until integrated value greater than first thresholding, execution in step S3.
4. as the spread spectrum acquisition method under each described multi-path environment of claim 1～3, it is characterized in that the mode that the mode of the correlated results of a matched filtering of each sampling period output among the step S1 is exported the PARALLEL MATCHING filtering of M correlated results by every M sampling period replaces.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102680987A (en) * | 2012-05-31 | 2012-09-19 | 北京航空航天大学 | Difference-multiplication capturing method for GNSS signal under low SNR environment |
| WO2015143727A1 (en) * | 2014-03-28 | 2015-10-01 | 华为技术有限公司 | Discontinuous transmission detection apparatus and method |
| CN105049079A (en) * | 2015-07-16 | 2015-11-11 | 中国电子科技集团公司第四十一研究所 | Spreading code synchronization method based on square correlation |
| CN108574512A (en) * | 2017-08-28 | 2018-09-25 | 中车株洲电力机车研究所有限公司 | A kind of pseudo-random sequence catching method and device |
-
2010
- 2010-01-04 CN CN 201010033643 patent/CN101771436B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102680987A (en) * | 2012-05-31 | 2012-09-19 | 北京航空航天大学 | Difference-multiplication capturing method for GNSS signal under low SNR environment |
| WO2015143727A1 (en) * | 2014-03-28 | 2015-10-01 | 华为技术有限公司 | Discontinuous transmission detection apparatus and method |
| CN105049079A (en) * | 2015-07-16 | 2015-11-11 | 中国电子科技集团公司第四十一研究所 | Spreading code synchronization method based on square correlation |
| CN105049079B (en) * | 2015-07-16 | 2018-04-10 | 中国电子科技集团公司第四十一研究所 | It is a kind of based on a square related spread and disposal plus method |
| CN108574512A (en) * | 2017-08-28 | 2018-09-25 | 中车株洲电力机车研究所有限公司 | A kind of pseudo-random sequence catching method and device |
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