CN101760656B - Energy-saving and short-flow manufacturing method of in situ particle reinforced A356 matrix composite material wheel hub - Google Patents
Energy-saving and short-flow manufacturing method of in situ particle reinforced A356 matrix composite material wheel hub Download PDFInfo
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- CN101760656B CN101760656B CN2009102640285A CN200910264028A CN101760656B CN 101760656 B CN101760656 B CN 101760656B CN 2009102640285 A CN2009102640285 A CN 2009102640285A CN 200910264028 A CN200910264028 A CN 200910264028A CN 101760656 B CN101760656 B CN 101760656B
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Abstract
The invention relates to an energy-saving and short-flow manufacturing method of a wheel hub with an in-situ particle reinforced A356 alloy. The main features of the method are as follows: (1) A356 alloy melt is prepared with pure metals Al and Mg as well as crystalline silicon through one-step melting, in-situ multi-phase reinforcing particles of ZrB2 (or TiB2), Al3Zr (or Al3Ti) and Al2O3 are synthesized through reactions synthesis of the melt in a pulsed magnetic field, the sizes of a majority of particles are at the sub-micron (0.1-1mum) level, and the sizes of a minority of particles are at the micron (1-4mum) level; and (2) a wheel hub is formed through low-pressure casting or metal gravity casting of the synthesized composite material melt, no solid solution is needed, and next procedure can be carried out after direct artificial aging treatment, thereby realizing the short-flow thermal treatment. The novel method for manufacturing of the A356 alloy wheel hub in the invention not only can effectively improve the mechanical property of the aluminum wheel hub and prolong the service life of the aluminum wheel hub, but also can significantly reduce the solid solution heat treatment procedure, thereby greatly reducing the energy consumption and improving the production efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of energy-saving and short-flow in-situ particle and strengthen the novel method that A356 alloy wheel hub is made, belong to a kind of novel material of light alloy wheel hub and make compounding technology and short flow process thermal treatment process in the novel method, particularly wheel hub manufacturing process.
Background technology
Wheel hub is one of important key safety parts of vehicles such as high-grade car, light bus, sport(s) car.In order to satisfy people's, more new demand of environmental protection more energy-conservation, safer to automobile, wheel hub develops to lightweight, high strength, antifatigue, major diameter, direction more attractive in appearance.
The A356 alloy is that alloy has been subjected in fields such as automobile, motorcycles using widely as high strength Al-Si-Mg, particularly hub member.Only just reach 5,100 ten thousand in the market of the domestic A356 aluminium alloy automobile hub of China in 2008, the market requirement that expects global A356 aluminium alloy automobile hub in 2010 will reach more than 2.5 hundred million.The A356 aluminium alloy wheel hub mainly adopts by behind the castings such as low-pressure casting or gravitational casting at present, carries out using after the T6 thermal treatment.
Current, world's light alloy wheel hub production shifts to China, and the numerous and confused procurement proportion that strengthens in China of developed country makes China's light alloy wheel hub industry obtain swift and violent development in time more than ten years recently.Because major diameter, wheel rim are wide, make the contact area on tire and ground bigger, thereby increase the sticking power and the frictional force on automobile and ground, make the steering characteristics of automobile better, the security of raising automobile.According to prediction, will become the standard configuration of car wheel to the aluminium alloy wheel hub of diameter more than 20 inches in 2010.The wheel manufacturer has taken up to arrange the production line of 22,24 inches and above aluminium alloy wheel hub, to deal with the new demand in market.The aluminum vehicle wheel that adopts traditional technology to make, can satisfy the requirement that general vehicle travels, but under moment big load, complex conditions such as run at high speed, the problems such as excessive deformation of aluminium wheel hub have become the important factor in order of ride safety of automobile, therefore the performance of wheel hub material and the manufacturing technology of wheel are had higher requirement.In order to satisfy the requirement that major diameter aluminium wheel hub is made, aspect material property, improve constantly both at home and abroad, aspect manufacturing technology, constantly bring forth new ideas, obtained many achievements.People such as the Lee of Britain studies show that, Fe content can influence the high-Cycle Fatigue Life Prediction of alloy in the A356 alloy, and promptly Fe content is high more, and the fatigue lifetime of aluminium alloy is low more.The people's such as Ferrante of Brazil research is pointed out, adds the volume that 0.5wt.%Sn helps to reduce the intermetallic compound of Fe in the alloy in the A356 alloy, thereby improves the over-all properties of alloy.People such as the Sabatino of Norway point out, in the A356 alloy, eliminate the amount of oxide inclusion, can effectively improve tensile strength and elongation.People from France such as Malchere studies show that, strengthens in matrix material under the identical situation of body grain volume fraction, and along with particle size reduces, its specific surface area significantly increases, and helps improving strengthening body and combining with interface between the matrix.Belong to the imperfect interface of crystallography owing to strengthen the interface of body/matrix, the surfactivity height, when strengthening the body particle size less than micron dimension, the introducing of a large amount of active interfaces causes the strong plasticity of submicron order matrix material to increase.Nano particle (100nm is following) because of nano particle is easy to reunite, greatly reduces its reinforced effects though the Al matrix is also shown good strengthening effect.In addition, strengthen body particulate form, will directly influence the toughness and the fatigue resistance of matrix material, the particle of rounding will help improving the toughness and the fatigue resistance of material.
People such as domestic Xu Wei studies show that, add about 0.2% mishmetal in the A356 alloy, can obviously improve the tensile strength and the elongation of material.People such as the Zhang Yijie of Shanghai Communications University studies show that, in the A356 alloy, by the fused salt fusant reaction, generate TiB
2Particle, when grain volume fraction was 10%, tensile strength of alloys improved about 20%, and elongation then descends 60%.Units such as Harbin Institute of Technology, Northeastern University, Metal Inst., Chinese Academy of Sciences are also successively studied tissue, the performance of sub-micron granule strengthening aluminum base composite material, but great majority are to add particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material, in fact still do not solve the interface well in conjunction with problem.Aspect reaction synthesizing aluminum-based composite material research, the nearest report of University Of Nanchang points out, with the air-flow method and fast the stirring technique success that combines prepared enhanced granule less than 0.5 μ m and more equally distributed TiB
2/ Al based composites, but only in the laboratory experiment stage.
The present invention utilizes the magnetic chemical reaction principle, by the synthetic heterogeneous submicron particles of fusant reaction under the applying pulse the action of a magnetic field is main A356 based composites melt, strengthen A356 based composites wheel hub casts through low-pressure casting or metal mold gravity casting shaping preparation original position submicron particles, and need not through solution treatment, be to enter next procedure after direct labor's ageing treatment, realize short flow process thermal treatment.The A356 alloy wheel hub that the present invention relates to is made novel method since enhanced granule at the inner forming core of melt, grow up, therefore good, and the interface bond strength height with the matrix consistency, significantly improve the mechanical property and the anti-fatigue ability of matrix alloy.But common reaction in synthesis technique often needs than higher temperature of reaction (more than 1000 ℃) at present, process is wayward, cause that the size of enhanced granule and morphology control difficulty, enhanced granule are reunited easily, the shortcomings such as skewness of enhanced granule in matrix, limited commercial application widely.The manufacture method that energy-saving and short-flow in-situ particle of the present invention strengthens A356 alloy wheel hub has controlled, the even particle distribution of process, the mechanical property and the work-ing life of wheel hub significantly improve, simultaneously significantly reduced the solution heat treatment link, cut down the consumption of energy greatly, feature such as enhance productivity.
Summary of the invention
For adapting to the new demand to the wheel hub performance such as high-grade car, light bus, sport(s) car, adopt the synthetic in-situ particle of magneto-chemistry to strengthen the A356 based composites and produce wheel hub, because the in-situ particle reinforced effects has substituted solid solution strengthening effect, therefore can cancel solution treatment, directly carrying out low temperature aging handles to eliminate casting stress, so both energy-conservation greatly, cancelled the quench treatment after the solution treatment simultaneously, the input and the maintenance cost of solution treatment equipment have been significantly reduced, realized the energy-conservation and short flow process that wheel hub is made, material and manufacturing technology all have originality.
(1) the synthetic in-situ particle enhanced A356 based composites melt of magnetic chemical reaction
Prepare the A356 alloy melt by pure metal Al and Mg, silicon metal melting once, apply certain electromagnetic field in the melt Combined Processing stage, its principle as shown in Figure 1.In melt, feed reagent, utilize the adjusting of pulsed magnetic field parameter, through the certain reaction time, obtaining to have submicron-scale in melt is main enhanced granule, go bad then and refining treatment after by low-pressure casting or gravity casting method acquisition high-performance A356 based composites wheel hub.
The add-on of reagent is 20% (mass percent) of A356 alloy.
In reaction process, apply pulsed magnetic field, the pulsed magnetic field parameter is: electric current is 10A, and voltage is 550V, and frequency is 100kHz, and pulsewidth is 10ms, the pulsed magnetic field action time is that intermittence applies 20min.
Adding K
2ZrF
6And KBF
4Pulvis is during as reagent, obtains size less than 1 micron ZrB
2Particle, form in pelletized form, as Fig. 2, shown in Figure 3.
Adding Zr (CO
3)
2Pulvis is during as reagent, obtains size less than 1 micron Al
3Zr, Al
2O
3Mix enhanced granule, form in pelletized form, shown in Fig. 4,5.
(2) in-situ particle strengthens the casting of A356 based composites melt
The ZrB that will obtain by reaction in
2(or TiB
2), Al
3Zr (or Al
3Ti) and Al
2O
3Heterogeneous enhanced granule, particle size major part are in submicron (0.1～1 μ m) yardstick, and small portion is in micro-meter scale (1～4 μ m); ) A356 based composites melt be incubated, after rotten and refining, utilize low-pressure casting or metal mold gravity casting to carry out the wheel hub casting.
The metal mold moulding process is 720 ℃～730 ℃ of teeming temperatures, 250 ℃～300 ℃ of die temperatures.
710 ℃～720 ℃ of the holding temperatures of low-pressure casting, 250 ℃～300 ℃ of die temperatures.
(3) the short flow process thermal treatment of wheel hub with in situ particle reinforced A 356 matrix composite material
Wheel hub with in situ particle reinforced A 356 matrix composite material is carried out artificial aging handle (T4), its technology is: 5～10min to 170～180 ℃ of heating up, insulation 4～6h comes out of the stove.The mechanical property of prepared wheel hub with in situ particle reinforced A 356 matrix composite material is as shown in table 1.
The mechanical property of table 1 wheel hub
Description of drawings
The synthetic schematic diagram of device that contains original position enhanced granule A356 melt of Fig. 1 magneto-chemistry
1-melt 2-ceramic protection cover 3-plumbago crucible 4-Medium frequency induction coil 5-pulsed magnetic field generating unit
Fig. 2 ZrB
2(p)/SEM of A356 matrix material wheel hub tissue
Fig. 3 magneto-chemistry original position is synthesized ZrB
2 (p)The XRD figure of/A356 matrix material wheel hub
Fig. 4 Al
3Zr
(p)+ Al
2O
3 (p)The SEM tissue of/A356 matrix material wheel hub material
Fig. 5 magneto-chemistry original position is synthesized (Al
3Zr
(p)+ Al
2O
3 (p)The XRD figure of/A356 matrix material wheel hub
Embodiment
[embodiment 1]
Prepare A356 alloy melt, K by pure metal Al and Mg, silicon metal melting once
2ZrF
6And KBF
4The purity of pulvis is 99.9%.Its preparation technology's flow process is as follows: starting material preparation → in-situ particle melt preparation → rotten, refining → cast, cooling forming → thermal treatment.Be specially: earlier with K
2ZrF
6And KBF
4Pulvis is put into 250 ℃ loft drier and is toasted 3h, removes moisture; Pure metal Al and Mg, silicon metal melting once are prepared the A356 alloy melt, and be superheated to 850 ℃; To account for 20% (K of A356 melt quality then
2ZrF
6+ KBF
4) pulvis (K wherein
2ZrF
6, KBF
4The ratio of pulvis is 1: 1 (mass percent)) be pressed in the melt with bell jar in batches; In reaction process, apply pulsed magnetic field, the pulsed magnetic field parameter is: electric current is 10A, and voltage is 550V, and frequency is 100kHz, and pulsewidth is 10ms, the pulsed magnetic field action time is that intermittence applies 20min; After question response finishes,, leave standstill 10min, skim through rotten and refining treatment; In the time of 720 ℃, pour in the metal mold gravity casting machine, make ZrB
2Wheel hub with in situ particle reinforced A 356 matrix composite material; After the die sinking with the shrend of wheel hub room temperature; Then wheel hub is heated to 170 ℃ in stove, is incubated 4 hours.
[embodiment 2]
Prepare A356 alloy melt, Zr (CO by pure metal Al and Mg, silicon metal melting once
3)
2The purity of pulvis is 99.9%.Its preparation technology's flow process is as follows: starting material preparation → in-situ particle melt preparation → rotten, refining → cast, cooling forming → thermal treatment.Be specially: with Zr (CO
3)
2Put into electric oven and be warming up to 250 ℃, be incubated 3 hours, fully remove moisture content, cool off then, grind,, obtain the powdered reaction agent of granularity＜250 μ m through the screening of 70 mesh standard sieves; Pure metal Al and Mg, silicon metal melting once are prepared the A356 alloy melt, and be superheated to 850 ℃ of temperature, 10min is left standstill in refining; Apply pulsed magnetic field again, in the A356 alloy melt, feed Zr (CO respectively in batches
3)
2Powder (add-on be A356 alloy melt quality 20%), the pulsed magnetic field parameter is: electric current is 10A, and voltage is 550V, and frequency is 100kHz, and pulsewidth is 10ms, the pulsed magnetic field action time is that intermittence applies 20min; Go bad then and refining treatment, leave standstill 10min, skim; Add in the air injection machine holding furnace by centre insulation bag, during 710 ℃ of holding temperatures; The low-pressure casting moulding obtains Al
3Zr, Al
2O
3Mix original position enhanced granule A356 based composites wheel hub; After the die sinking with the shrend of wheel hub room temperature; Then wheel hub is heated to 170 ℃ in stove, is incubated 4 hours.
Claims (5)
1. energy-saving and short-flow manufacturing method of wheel hub with in situ particle reinforced A 356 matrix composite material, it is characterized in that: by at A356 alloy melt holding stage, add the after-applied pulsed magnetic field of reaction in agent, obtain to have A356 alloy melt based on the submicron enhanced granule; The melt that obtains go bad and refining treatment after by low-pressure casting or gravitational casting moulding, prepare the wheel hub strand; The wheel hub strand adopts short flow process thermal treatment process to handle, and promptly directly carries out artificial aging and handles, and treating processes is: 5～10min to 170～180 ℃ of heating up, insulation 4～6h comes out of the stove.
2. the described manufacture method of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the pulsed magnetic field parameter is: electric current is 10A, and voltage is 550V, and frequency is 100kHz, and pulsewidth is 10ms, the pulsed magnetic field action time is for applying 20min.
3. the described manufacture method of claim 1, it is characterized in that: reagent is K
2ZrF
6Pulvis and KBF
4The mixture of pulvis, or be Zr (CO
3)
2Pulvis; Reagent add-on be 20% of A356 alloy mass.
4. the described manufacture method of claim 3, it is characterized in that: reagent is K
2ZrF
6Pulvis and KBF
4During the mixture of pulvis, K
2ZrF
6With KBF
4The mass ratio of pulvis is 1: 1.
5. the described manufacture method of claim 1, it is characterized in that: gravitational casting is shaped to 720 ℃～730 ℃ of teeming temperatures, 250 ℃～300 ℃ of die temperatures; 710 ℃～720 ℃ of the holding temperatures of low-pressure casting, 250 ℃～300 ℃ of die temperatures.
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Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104674085A (en) * | 2015-02-02 | 2015-06-03 | 安徽省斯特嘉汽车零部件有限公司 | Preparation method of zirconium diboride reinforced 7A04 aluminium alloy hub |
| CN104762536A (en) * | 2015-02-02 | 2015-07-08 | 安徽省斯特嘉汽车零部件有限公司 | Preparation method of magnesium borate whisker-reinforced A356 aluminum alloy wheel hub |
| CN105861887B (en) * | 2016-04-01 | 2017-12-22 | 江苏大学 | A kind of heavily loaded wheel hub antifatigue in-situ Al-base composition and preparation method thereof |
| CN106756192A (en) * | 2016-12-16 | 2017-05-31 | 镇江创智特种合金科技发展有限公司 | A kind of magnetochemistry method for preparing super modeling aluminum matrix composite in situ |
| CN108130453A (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2018-06-08 | 宁波瑞铭机械有限公司 | A kind of metal material of sewing machine tooth fork and preparation method thereof |
| CN108559864B (en) * | 2018-03-20 | 2020-01-24 | 江苏大学 | In-situ nano reinforced aluminum alloy hub for new energy automobile and manufacturing method |
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| CN1676641A (en) * | 2005-03-31 | 2005-10-05 | 江苏大学 | Magnetic chemical reaction in-situ synthesizing method for preparing metal base nano composite material |
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Application publication date: 20100630 Assignee: JIANGSU SUMEIDA WHEEL CO., LTD. Assignor: Jiangsu University Contract record no.: 2014320000126 Denomination of invention: Energy-saving and short-flow manufacturing method of wheel hub with in situ particle reinforced A356 matrix composite material Granted publication date: 20111116 License type: Exclusive License Record date: 20140304 |
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Inventor after: Zhao Yutao Inventor after: Zhang Hao Inventor after: Jia Zhihong Inventor after: Chen Gang Inventor after: Zhang Songli Inventor before: Zhao Yutao Inventor before: Jia Zhihong Inventor before: Chen Gang Inventor before: Zhang Songli |
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