CN101760243A - Three-phase multi-material three-dimensional pressurized clash coal gasification device and process thereof - Google Patents
Three-phase multi-material three-dimensional pressurized clash coal gasification device and process thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101760243A CN101760243A CN200810188170A CN200810188170A CN101760243A CN 101760243 A CN101760243 A CN 101760243A CN 200810188170 A CN200810188170 A CN 200810188170A CN 200810188170 A CN200810188170 A CN 200810188170A CN 101760243 A CN101760243 A CN 101760243A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a three-phase multi-material three-dimensional pressurized clash coal gasification device and a process thereof, which comprises a coal slurry preparing and conveying mechanism, a dry coal powder preparing and conveying mechanism and a pressurized gasification mechanism, wherein the coal slurry preparing and conveying mechanism consists of a coal mill, a coal slurry groove, a high-pressure coal slurry pump and a high-pressure coal slurry pipeline; the dry coal powder preparing and conveying mechanism consists of a dry powder preparer, a dry powder storage groove, a screw-rod conveyer, a coal powder pipeline and a nozzle feeding bin; and the pressurized gasification mechanism comprises a combustion chamber and a quench chamber. A water-coal slurry nozzle and a dry coal powder nozzle are arranged on the combustion chamber and are respectively communicated with the interior of the combustion chamber; and the dry coal powder nozzle and the water-coal slurry nozzle are also connected with a high-pressure gas pipeline. The dry coal powder nozzle arranged at the top reduces the damages of the returned air current mixture to the vault and the blind-head firebricks, thereby improving the utilization rate of the equipment. The injection mode of the dry powder and the carbon dioxide at the top increases the content of carbon in the reactants, and the active ingredients in the coal gas are increased to 85% above, thereby improving the utilization ratio of the coal resource and reducing the discharge amount of carbon dioxide.
Description
Technical field
The present invention puts about a kind of wet method slip air flow bed pressing gas makeup, more particularly, and about a kind of three-phase multi-material three-dimensional pressurization head-on collision coal gasification apparatus and technology thereof.
Background technology
Gasification of coal promptly utilizes vaporized chemical (as O under certain temperature and pressure condition
2, H
2O) generate clean synthetic gas (with CO, H with coal reaction
2And CO
2Be main mixture), be an important method of coal being carried out chemical process, also be the key that realizes the coal clean utilization.Its main reaction is as follows:
C+O
2→CO
2；
C+CO
2→2CO；
C+H
2O→CO+H
2；
CO+H
2O→H
2+CO
2。
Coal gasification, especially wet type pressurized gasification technology, shown good economic and social benefit, the gasification technology (patent No. ZL98110616.1) of " multi-nozzle opposed type coal water slurry or pulverized coal gasification furnace and application thereof " is typical case's representative of this technology, its core technology is 4 of vapourizing furnace circumferential arrangement or multi-nozzle more, oxygen and coal water slurry are sprayed into vapourizing furnace by nozzle under certain pressure, oxygen G﹠W and the burning of coal hybrid reaction, in stove, form percussion flow and carry out gasification reaction, prepare industrial gas to produce methyl alcohol, liquefied ammonia, urea or generating etc., and, CO and H
2Be the effective constituent in the industrial gas, effective constituent also is an important indicator of present various technology pursues.
Adopt the advantage of above-mentioned technology to be: raw material is widely applicable, the efficiency of carbon conversion height, and environmental pollution is few.But, also there is following weak point:
1, in actual applications, owing to adopt wet method charging (coal and water are ground the coal water slurry of making 60% left and right sides concentration), the concentration of coal water slurry improves limited (at present substantially about 60%), the content of carbon is low in the reactant, water-content is higher, the oxygen depletion height, and heat utilization efficiency is low;
2, because the material of 4 nozzle ejections forms percussion flow in the combustion chamber, the back-mixing air-flow of a large amount of High Temperature High Pressure becomes harm to combustion chamber vault and blind capitiform, the refractory brick of combustion chamber vault and blind head is shortened work-ing life greatly, the gasifier operation cycle of this technology generally has only 20-30 days in actual applications, and its key brick, blind head, nozzle segment are subjected to the percussion flow heat effects and damage easily.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, main purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of three-phase multi-material three-dimensional pressurization head-on collision coal gasification apparatus and technology thereof, by dry coal powder nozzle in its top configuration, alleviated of the damage of back-mixing air-flow to the refractory brick of vault and blind head, improved usage ratio of equipment, by having increased substantially the carbon content in the reactant at its top increase dry coal powder and the carbonic acid gas mode of spraying into, improving reaction efficiency makes the transformation efficiency of carbon reach more than 99%, effective constituent is brought up to more than 85% by 80% in the industrial gas of preparation, increase substantially the comprehensive utilization ratio of coal resources, reduced emission amount of carbon dioxide on largely.
In order to achieve the above object, technical scheme of the present invention is achieved in that a kind of three-phase multi-material three-dimensional pressurization head-on collision coal gasification apparatus, and it includes:
Coal slurry prepares transfer mechanism, described coal slurry prepare transfer mechanism include be used for feed coal form coal water slurry coal pulverizer, be used to lay in described coal water slurry the coal slurry groove, be used to carry the high-pressure coal pulp pump and the high-pressure coal slurry pipeline of described coal water slurry;
The dry coal powder prepares transfer mechanism, and described dry coal powder prepares transfer mechanism and includes and be used for nozzle feed hopper that feed coal is formed the dry powder draft machine of dry coal powder, the dry powder deposit groove that is used to lay in described dry coal powder, the screw rod conveyor that is used to carry described dry coal powder and fine coal pipeline and is connected with described fine coal pipeline;
Pressurized gasification mechanism, described pressurized gasification mechanism include the shock chamber that portion's generating gasification reaction within it forms the combustion chamber of industrial gas and is used for the industrial gas water bath dust-removing is formed unstripped gas;
Also be provided with coal-water slurry nozzle that is connected with described high-pressure coal slurry pipeline and the dry coal powder nozzle that is connected with described nozzle feed hopper on the described combustion chamber, described coal-water slurry nozzle and dry coal powder nozzle are connected with inside, described combustion chamber respectively, and described dry coal powder nozzle and described coal-water slurry nozzle also are connected with the high pressure gas pipeline.
The quantity of described coal-water slurry nozzle is more than one, and described more than one coal-water slurry nozzle and described combustion chamber central axis are arranged perpendicular.
Described dry coal powder prepares transfer mechanism and also includes the screening plant that the dry coal powder that described dry powder draft machine forms can be screened.
Described dry coal powder prepares transfer mechanism and also includes the spiral scraper that is arranged on described nozzle feed hopper and described dry coal powder nozzle junction.
Described dry coal powder nozzle is arranged on the top of described combustion chamber.
A kind of three-phase multi-material three-dimensional pressurization head-on collision coal gasifying process, its processing step includes:
1) coal water slurry is made in the feed coal after the fragmentation, water and additive grinding, described coal water slurry enters the combustion chamber by coal-water slurry nozzle, and high pressure oxygen enters described combustion chamber by described coal-water slurry nozzle;
2) feed coal after the fragmentation is made the dry coal powder, described dry coal powder enters described combustion chamber by dry coal powder nozzle, and high-pressure carbon dioxide gas enters described combustion chamber by described dry coal powder nozzle;
3) violent chemical reaction takes place in described dry coal powder, high-pressure carbon dioxide gas, coal water slurry, high pressure oxygen and water, forms the three-dimensional head-on collision of spatial air-flow in described combustion chamber from top to bottom, generates the industrial gas based on carbon monoxide and hydrogen.
Its processing step also includes: described industrial gas carries out the unstripped gas that water bath dust-removing is formed for subsequent processing by the shock chamber.
The concentration of described coal water slurry is 60%-65%.
The diameter of described dry coal powder is the 30-100 micron.
Beneficial effect after the employing technique scheme is: a kind of three-phase multi-material three-dimensional pressurization head-on collision coal gasification apparatus of the present invention and technology thereof have following advantage:
1, the feeding manner of three-phase multi-material three-dimensional of the present invention pressurization head-on collision coal gasification apparatus includes three kinds of gas phase, liquid phase and solid phases, and gas phase comprises oxygen and carbonic acid gas, and liquid phase is a coal water slurry, and solid phase is the dry coal powder.Wherein, solid phase dry coal powder participates in the content that reaction can increase substantially total carbon in the reactant, is equivalent to improve coal-water fluid concentration in other words, has reduced the content of water in the reactant, has reduced the coal heat that is used to heat no water, thereby has reduced calorific loss.
2, top of combustion chamber has disposed dry coal powder nozzle in the three-phase multi-material three-dimensional pressurization head-on collision coal gasification apparatus of the present invention, make the dry coal powder and the carbon dioxide reaction air-flow that enter from nozzle form inverted " parachute " shape, form a kind of air film and alleviate of the erosion of the back-mixing air-flow of combustion chamber periphery nozzle generation greatly vault refractory brick, vault and blind unusual phenomenon such as overtemperature have effectively been avoided, prolong the work-ing life of refractory brick, improved plant factor.
3, introduce another feed carbon dioxide in the three-phase multi-material three-dimensional pressurization head-on collision coal gasification apparatus of the present invention, realized Bu Duaer (Boudiuard) reaction (CO
2+ C=2CO-162.4Mj/kmol), its essence improves carbon monoxide in the industrial gas for the reduction with carbon carbonic acid gas.Thereby reduced the content of carbonic acid gas in the reactant, improved the content of effective constituent carbon monoxide in the industrial gas for preparing.And Boudouard reaction is thermo-negative reaction, and concerning about 1300 ℃ the high temperature in zone that gasifies, positive heat balance effect has been played in this reaction, thereby has effectively protected stove brick and nozzle, has prolonged the work-ing life of equipment.
4, three-phase multi-material three-dimensional pressurization head-on collision coal gasification apparatus of the present invention passes through 5 nozzles with raw material jetting device inside, its top is provided with carbonic acid gas and the shared dry coal powder nozzle of dry coal powder, be horizontally disposed with four water coal oar nozzles that oxygen G﹠W coal oar is shared on the side, can form the 3 D stereo head-on collision, make the atomizing raw materials better effects if.
5, three-phase multi-material three-dimensional of the present invention pressurization head-on collision coal gasifying process is easy and simple to handle, and it is long to install the continuous cycle of operation, home-made equipment rate height, and the ash content carbon in the production is low, the resource utilization height.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of each mechanism of a kind of three-phase multi-material three-dimensional pressurization head-on collision coal gasification apparatus of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing specific embodiment among the present invention is described in further detail.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of three-phase multi-material three-dimensional pressurization head-on collision coal gasification apparatus of the present invention includes pressurized gasification mechanism, coal slurry prepares transfer mechanism and the dry coal powder prepares transfer mechanism.Wherein:
Described coal slurry prepare transfer mechanism include be used for feed coal 17 form coal water slurry coal pulverizer 1, be used to lay in described coal water slurry coal slurry groove 2, be used to carry the high-pressure coal pulp pump 3 and the high-pressure coal slurry pipeline 4 of described coal water slurry;
Described dry coal powder prepares transfer mechanism and includes and be used for nozzle feed hopper 12 that feed coal 17 is formed the dry powder draft machine 7 of dry coal powder, the dry powder deposit groove 8 that is used to lay in described dry coal powder, the screw rod conveyor 9 that is used to carry described dry coal powder and fine coal pipeline 10 and is connected with fine coal pipeline 10, can also be other power conveying device, not as limit, any power set of motivating force that can provide all can;
Described pressurized gasification mechanism includes the shock chamber 13 that portion's generating gasification reaction within it forms the combustion chamber 5 of industrial gas and is used for the industrial gas water bath dust-removing is formed unstripped gas;
Also be provided with coal-water slurry nozzle 6 that is connected with high-pressure coal slurry pipeline 4 and the dry coal powder nozzle 16 that is connected with nozzle feed hopper 12 on the combustion chamber 5, coal-water slurry nozzle 6 and dry coal powder nozzle 16 are connected with 5 inside, combustion chamber respectively, dry coal powder nozzle 16 and coal-water slurry nozzle 6 also are connected with high pressure gas pipeline 14, high pressure gas pipeline 14 can be carried high-pressure carbon dioxide gas or high pressure oxygen, specific design as required.
The quantity of coal-water slurry nozzle 6 is more than one, and more than one coal-water slurry nozzle 6 is arranged perpendicular with combustion chamber 5 central axis;
Described dry coal powder prepares transfer mechanism and also includes the spiral scraper 15 that is arranged on nozzle feed hopper 12 and dry coal powder nozzle 16 junctions, and it also includes the screening plant 11 that the dry coal powder that dry powder draft machine 7 forms can be screened;
Dry coal powder nozzle 16 can be arranged on the top of combustion chamber 5.
Three-phase multi-material three-dimensional pressurization head-on collision coal gasifying process of the present invention is as follows:
1, its granularity is sent to coal pulverizer 1 less than feed coal 17, water 18 and the additive 19 of 10mm after fragmentation, common grind that to make concentration be coal water slurry about 60%-65%, enter combustion chamber 5 along high-pressure coal slurry pipeline 4 by coal-water slurry nozzle 6 through coal slurry groove 2, high-pressure coal pulp pump 3 then, and, the high pressure gas pipeline 14 input high pressure oxygen 20 that are connected with coal-water slurry nozzle 6;
2, after fragmentation its granularity less than the feed coal 17 of 10mm toward dry powder draft machines 7, making diameter is the dry coal powder of 30-100 micron, enter dry powder deposit groove 8 through screening plant 11 then, enter nozzle feed hopper 12 through screw rod conveyor 9 along fine coal pipeline 10 then, under the effect of spiral scraper 15, enter combustion chamber 5 by dry coal powder nozzle 16, and, the high pressure gas pipeline 14 input high-pressure carbon dioxide gases 21 that are connected with dry coal powder nozzle 16;
3, violent chemical reaction takes place in dry coal powder, high-pressure carbon dioxide gas 21, coal water slurry, high pressure oxygen 20 and water, in combustion chamber 5, form the three-dimensional head-on collision of spatial air-flow from top to bottom, generation is based on the industrial gas of carbon monoxide and hydrogen, after carrying out water bath dust-removing by shock chamber 13, discharge shock chamber 13 through gas exit, be formed for the unstripped gas of subsequent processing.
To sum up, multi phase state, many raw materials feeding manners such as gas phase, liquid phase and solid phase in complete processing, have been adopted, by increasing dry coal powder charging effectively raising content of carbon in the liquid raw material; Make carbon and carbonic acid gas generation redox reaction by adding carbon dioxide 21 as reagent, effectively improved the content of available gas carbon monoxide in the industrial gas.Can solve many shortcomings that present both at home and abroad wet method pressurized gasification technology particularly exists in the multi-nozzle opposed type gasification technology, it is wide to realize that coal is suitable for, the efficiency of carbon conversion height, technical superiority such as gasification intensity is big is for novel Coal Chemical Industry and the energy transform gasification technology and the device that different needs is provided.
The above is preferred embodiment of the present invention only, is not to be used to limit protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. three-phase multi-material three-dimensional pressurization head-on collision coal gasification apparatus is characterized in that it includes:
Coal slurry prepares transfer mechanism, described coal slurry prepare transfer mechanism include be used for feed coal form coal water slurry coal pulverizer, be used to lay in described coal water slurry the coal slurry groove, be used to carry the high-pressure coal pulp pump and the high-pressure coal slurry pipeline of described coal water slurry;
The dry coal powder prepares transfer mechanism, and described dry coal powder prepares transfer mechanism and includes and be used for nozzle feed hopper that feed coal is formed the dry powder draft machine of dry coal powder, the dry powder deposit groove that is used to lay in described dry coal powder, the screw rod conveyor that is used to carry described dry coal powder and fine coal pipeline and is connected with described fine coal pipeline;
Pressurized gasification mechanism, described pressurized gasification mechanism include the shock chamber that portion's generating gasification reaction within it forms the combustion chamber of industrial gas and is used for the industrial gas water bath dust-removing is formed unstripped gas;
Also be provided with coal-water slurry nozzle that is connected with described high-pressure coal slurry pipeline and the dry coal powder nozzle that is connected with described nozzle feed hopper on the described combustion chamber, described coal-water slurry nozzle and dry coal powder nozzle are connected with inside, described combustion chamber respectively, and described dry coal powder nozzle and described coal-water slurry nozzle also are connected with the high pressure gas pipeline.
2. three-phase multi-material three-dimensional pressurization head-on collision coal gasification apparatus according to claim 1 is characterized in that the quantity of described coal-water slurry nozzle is more than one, and described more than one coal-water slurry nozzle and described combustion chamber central axis are arranged perpendicular.
3. three-phase multi-material three-dimensional pressurization head-on collision coal gasification apparatus according to claim 1 is characterized in that described dry coal powder prepares transfer mechanism and also includes the screening plant that the dry coal powder that described dry powder draft machine forms can be screened.
4. according to claim 1 or 3 described three-phase multi-material three-dimensional pressurization head-on collision coal gasification apparatus, it is characterized in that described dry coal powder prepares transfer mechanism and also includes the spiral scraper that is arranged on described nozzle feed hopper and described dry coal powder nozzle junction.
5. three-phase multi-material three-dimensional pressurization head-on collision coal gasification apparatus according to claim 4 is characterized in that described dry coal powder nozzle is arranged on the top of described combustion chamber.
6. three-phase multi-material three-dimensional pressurization head-on collision coal gasifying process is characterized in that its processing step includes:
1) coal water slurry is made in the feed coal after the fragmentation, water and additive grinding, described coal water slurry enters the combustion chamber by coal-water slurry nozzle, and high pressure oxygen enters described combustion chamber by described coal-water slurry nozzle;
2) feed coal after the fragmentation is made the dry coal powder, described dry coal powder enters described combustion chamber by dry coal powder nozzle, and high-pressure carbon dioxide gas enters described combustion chamber by described dry coal powder nozzle;
3) violent chemical reaction takes place in described dry coal powder, high-pressure carbon dioxide gas, coal water slurry, high pressure oxygen and water, forms the three-dimensional head-on collision of spatial air-flow in described combustion chamber from top to bottom, generates the industrial gas based on carbon monoxide and hydrogen.
7. three-phase multi-material three-dimensional pressurization head-on collision coal gasifying process according to claim 6, it is characterized in that its processing step also includes: described industrial gas carries out the unstripped gas that water bath dust-removing is formed for subsequent processing by the shock chamber.
8. three-phase multi-material three-dimensional pressurization head-on collision coal gasifying process according to claim 6 is characterized in that the concentration of described coal water slurry is 60%-65%.
9. according to the described three-phase multi-material three-dimensional pressurization of any claim in the claim 6 to 8 head-on collision coal gasifying process, it is characterized in that the diameter of described dry coal powder is the 30-100 micron.
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103328615A (en) * | 2011-02-25 | 2013-09-25 | 三菱重工业株式会社 | Fine coal powder supply system for coal gasification furnace |
| CN103555370A (en) * | 2012-11-23 | 2014-02-05 | 新奥气化采煤有限公司 | Method for gasifying carbonaceous organic materials and gasification furnace |
| CN103695039A (en) * | 2013-12-18 | 2014-04-02 | 河南心连心化肥有限公司 | Coal gasification device and process capable of combusting organic effluent sewage |
| CN103897740A (en) * | 2014-04-15 | 2014-07-02 | 新奥气化采煤有限公司 | Coal co-gasification method |
| CN104910968A (en) * | 2015-04-20 | 2015-09-16 | 上海尧兴投资管理有限公司 | Reactor for carbonaceous substance gasification |
| CN105441136A (en) * | 2014-09-30 | 2016-03-30 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Gasifying method for jointly feeding residual oil, dry powder and coal-water slurry |
| CN108728601A (en) * | 2017-04-14 | 2018-11-02 | 新疆八钢铁股份有限公司 | A kind of iron smelting method recycled based on top coal gas |
| CN111924845A (en) * | 2020-07-15 | 2020-11-13 | 山东省科学院能源研究所 | System and method for preparing activated carbon material by using quick activation method without carbon emission |
| WO2021082943A1 (en) * | 2019-10-28 | 2021-05-06 | 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 | Multi-material multi-stage feeding gasifier |
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103328615A (en) * | 2011-02-25 | 2013-09-25 | 三菱重工业株式会社 | Fine coal powder supply system for coal gasification furnace |
| CN103555370A (en) * | 2012-11-23 | 2014-02-05 | 新奥气化采煤有限公司 | Method for gasifying carbonaceous organic materials and gasification furnace |
| CN103695039A (en) * | 2013-12-18 | 2014-04-02 | 河南心连心化肥有限公司 | Coal gasification device and process capable of combusting organic effluent sewage |
| CN103897740A (en) * | 2014-04-15 | 2014-07-02 | 新奥气化采煤有限公司 | Coal co-gasification method |
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| CN105441136A (en) * | 2014-09-30 | 2016-03-30 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Gasifying method for jointly feeding residual oil, dry powder and coal-water slurry |
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| CN108728601A (en) * | 2017-04-14 | 2018-11-02 | 新疆八钢铁股份有限公司 | A kind of iron smelting method recycled based on top coal gas |
| WO2021082943A1 (en) * | 2019-10-28 | 2021-05-06 | 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 | Multi-material multi-stage feeding gasifier |
| CN111924845A (en) * | 2020-07-15 | 2020-11-13 | 山东省科学院能源研究所 | System and method for preparing activated carbon material by using quick activation method without carbon emission |
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