CN101759505B - Special organic and inorganic compound fertilizer for lawn and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Special organic and inorganic compound fertilizer for lawn and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101759505B CN101759505B CN2009102292094A CN200910229209A CN101759505B CN 101759505 B CN101759505 B CN 101759505B CN 2009102292094 A CN2009102292094 A CN 2009102292094A CN 200910229209 A CN200910229209 A CN 200910229209A CN 101759505 B CN101759505 B CN 101759505B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The invention relates to a special organic and inorganic compound fertilizer for a lawn and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps of: fermenting and decomposing sludge, edible fungus residues and a microbial fermentation fungal agent and then adding an inorganic fertilizer to produce the special organic and inorganic compound fertilizer, the nutrient content of which meets the nutrient requirement of the lawn. The special organic and inorganic compound fertilizer has long fertilizer efficiency, uniform nutrient supply and organic and inorganic combination, ensures the lawn quality and improves the soil fertility.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of organic-inorganic composite fertilizer special and preparation method thereof, particularly a kind of lawn organic-inorganic compound fertilizer special belongs to the fertilizer production technology field.
Background technology
The production on lawn and utilization have long history, and since 20th century, modern Lawn Industry is surging forward in worldwide, extensively to infiltrate the human lives up to now.The modern Lawn Industry of China is started late, but since the nineties in last century, China's Lawn Industry has also obtained very big development.At present the lawn has been widely used for the fields such as environmental protection, urban construction, gardens, sports, tourism, leisure of China.Along with China's constant development of economy, Lawn Industry will have bigger development.
Fertilising is the important step of lawn maintenance and management, the lawn needs fertilizer to be different from general crop, it is to be grown to the master with leaf, the nitrogen that needs is many than other crops, but the nitrogen supply again can not be too much too quickly, otherwise lawn growth is too fast, not only increase and prune number of times, increase labor capacity, ornamental quality is descended, the nutrition supply that the lawn needs particularly nitrogen supply is steady and lasting.
Fertilizer nutrition is complete, and nutrient supply is steady, has the effect that improves quality, but because the fertilizer nutrient content is low, only application of organic fertilizers can not satisfy lawn normal growth needs.So the fertilizing method that must take organic and inorganic fertilizer to combine.Nutrient demand rule according to the lawn on the basis of fertilizer is added inorganic fertilizer, and the preparation organic and inorganic compound fertilizer guarantees that the lawn is to nutrient demand.CN1153760A (95113976.2) discloses a kind of base manure type special organic and inorganic compound fertilizer for lawn and preparation method thereof, this invention is micro-as its component with calcium superphosphate, urea, diammonium phosphate, vitriolate of tartar, Repone K and sal epsom, manganous sulfate, ferrous sulfate, zinc chloride etc., on manufacturing process based on " compound ", reduced complicated " synthesizing " program, have less investment, found the factory fast, simple to operate, be easy to advantage such as popularization.But this fertilizer mainly is quick acting fertilizer, and fertilizer efficiency is short, and does not possess the effect of fertilizing soil.
Summary of the invention
At the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention provides a kind of special organic and inorganic compound fertilizer for lawn and preparation method thereof, add the organic and inorganic compound fertilizer that inorganic fertilizer production nutrient contg and lawn nutrient demand match after utilizing mud, edible fungi residues, microbial fermentation bacteria fermentation to become thoroughly decomposed again, and carried out field experiment, obtain effect preferably.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
Special organic and inorganic compound fertilizer for lawn, raw materials quality part is composed as follows:
50～65 parts of fermentation fertilizers
5～10 parts in urea
10～20 parts in ammonium sulfate
5～10 parts of diammonium phosphate
5～10 parts in Repone K
3～5 parts in sal epsom
2～5 parts in ferrous sulfate
0.02～0.15 part of nitrification inhibitor.
Described fermentation fertilizer is with 50～60 parts in mud, 20～30 parts of edible fungi residues, 15～20 parts of heap fermentations of microbial fermentation microbial inoculum, dries in the air to moisture content 25～35wt% to make.Wherein, the microbial fermentation microbial inoculum prepares by the following method, and wherein the consumption of each component is weight part:
(1) horsehit is 8～15 parts, 5～8 parts of grouts, and 80～85 parts of edible fungi residues, mixing, the adjusting moisture content is 60%～65wt%, pH value 7～7.5, the plastic covering film, fermentation reactor system treats that the stockpile temperature rises to 50 ℃ of timing, keeps 3～5 days, turning was fermented 3～5 days again; Get the one-level solid fungicide.
(2) the one-level solid fungicide that step (1) is made is 15～25 parts, 70～80 parts in mud, and 3～4 parts of calcium superphosphate, 1～2 part in Repone K, mixing, the method for (1) fermentation set by step gets the microbial fermentation microbial inoculum, is a kind of solid fungicide.
Described mud is selected from the biochemical sludge of sewage work, and edible fungi residues is the cultivation waste material after the Edible Fungi, and the main raw material composition is cotton seed hulls, crop straw etc.The organic content of preferred mud is greater than 30wt%.
Described sal epsom, ferrous sulfate, technical grade, commercially available prod.
Preferred 3,4 one dimethyl pyrazole phosphoric acid salt (DMPP) of described nitrification inhibitor or Dyhard RU 100 (DCD).The commercially available prod.
Preferably, special organic and inorganic compound fertilizer for lawn, raw materials quality part is composed as follows:
58～62 parts of fermentation fertilizers
5～7 parts in urea
12～14 parts in ammonium sulfate
5～7 parts of diammonium phosphate
5～7 parts in Repone K
4～5 parts in sal epsom
3～5 parts in ferrous sulfate
0.02～0.04 part of nitrification inhibitor.
Special organic and inorganic compound fertilizer for lawn preparation method of the present invention, step is as follows:
(1) preparation of microbial fermentation microbial inoculum
A. horsehit is 8～15 parts, 5～8 parts of grouts, and 80～85 parts of edible fungi residues, mixing, the adjusting moisture content is 60～65wt%, pH value 7～7.5, the plastic covering film, fermentation reactor system treats that the stockpile temperature rises to 50 ℃ of timing, keeps 3～5 days, turning was fermented 3～5 days again.Get the one-level solid fungicide.
Described grouts are selected from one of soya-bean cake, peanut cake, cottonseed cake or rape cake or its combination.
B. 15～25 parts of the one-level microbial inoculums that above-mentioned steps is made, 70～80 parts in mud, 3～4 parts of calcium superphosphate, 1～2 part in Repone K, mixing, the method for A fermentation set by step gets the microbial fermentation microbial inoculum.
(2) preparation of fermentation fertilizer
50～60 parts of biochemical sludges, 20～30 parts of edible fungi residues, 10～20 parts of thorough mixing of microbial fermentation microbial inoculum is even.The moisture of adjusting compound is 60%～65%, and C/N is 23～28 (mass ratioes), pH7～7.5.Described compound is piled high 1.5～2.0 meters trapezoidal heap, and length is not limit, and down punches from the top, and 10～15 of every square metre of hole counts cover plastics film, carry out aerobic fermentation.Wait to pile temperature rise to 50 and ℃ pick up counting, fermented 7～10 days.Carry out turning when the stockpile temperature begins to descend, fermented 5～6 days again, fermenting process is finished.The fertilizer moisture content baking that ferments above-mentioned or dry in the air to 25～35wt%, standby.
Preferably, the moisture of step (2) compound is 60～62wt%, and C/N is 25～26, pH7～7.2.
Preferably, 3～5 centimetres in the aperture of step (2) punching, the degree of depth in hole is to the bottom of heap.
The described turning of step (2) is that the material with the stockpile surface ploughs under inside, and originally Nei Bu material is translated into the outside.
(3) preparation of special organic and inorganic compound fertilizer for lawn
Take by weighing the fertilizer that ferments, pulverized 80 purpose urea, ammonium sulfate, diammonium phosphate, Repone K, sal epsom, ferrous sulfate and nitrification inhibitor by prescription; mix; be transferred in disk or the rotary drum granulator; carboxymethyl cellulose aqueous solution by prior art spray 2wt%; granulation; oven dry, screening get product.
The application process of special organic and inorganic compound fertilizer for lawn: be before planting lawn, to spread fertilizer over the fields, turn over then in soil surface.Using quantity is 1200～1800 kilograms of per hectares.
Excellent results of the present invention:
1. nutrient reasonable ratio
Different nutritive substances is grown lawn growth and is had different effects.Nitrogenous fertilizer promotes aerial growth, and phosphate fertilizer makes well developed root system, and potash fertilizer then comes disease resistance enhancemen by regulating tenuigenin concentration.Nitrogen is excessive to make plant prosperous excessively easily, is easy to take place disease.Rationally regulation and control nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium nutrition can make the lawn growth stalwartness.This special-purpose fertilizer is the growth needs design according to the lawn, and has added magnesium, the iron nutritive element that promotes chlorophyll formation.
2. nutrient supply is even, guarantees turf quality
The nutrient that three kinds of forms are roughly arranged in the special organic and inorganic compound fertilizer for lawn, the one, organic comprises each seed amino acid, small molecules is nitrogenous and P contained compound, this class material fertilizer efficiency is slower.The 2nd, by the nutrient ion that organism adsorbs, as ammonium ion etc., these nutrient availabilities are between organotrophy and inorganic nutrients.The 3rd class is exactly an available nutrient.The nutrient of three kinds of forms makes the lawn absorb nutrient and can not guarantee that leaf growth is even because of violent difference takes place in fertilising by additive effect, improves turf quality.
3. fertilizer efficiency is long, reduces fertilizer application frequency
In the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer special of lawn owing to contain organic and ADSORPTION STATE nutrient, and added nitrification inhibitor, and slowed down ammonium nitrogen to the speed that nitric nitrogen transforms, avoided the loss of nitrogenous fertilizer, increase fertilizer working lipe, can reduce fertilizer application frequency and labour intensity.
4. organic and inorganic combination is increase soil fertility
The sign of fertile soil is not only the nutrient content height, also is embodied in the ability of reconciling water, gas, heat.Special-purpose fertile contain simultaneously lawn required various nutritive elements and organism that the present invention produced, be manured into soil and both can improve nutrient, also can promote the formation of soil aggregate, strengthen the ability of soil water-retaining, guarantor's fertilizer and conciliation water, gas, heat, increase soil fertility.
Embodiment
The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiment, but be not limited thereto.Raw material consumption umber among the embodiment is mass parts.Raw material is described as follows:
Mud is the biochemical sludge of Jining City, Shandong Province sewage work, organic content 32.21wt%.
The edible fungi residues of embodiment 1 is the cultivation waste material after flat mushroom is produced, and the main raw material composition is cotton seed hulls and wheat straw straw.
The edible fungi residues of embodiment 2 is the cultivation waste material after flat mushroom is produced, and the main raw material composition is corn cob and corn stalk.
Embodiment 1:
(1) preparation of microbial fermentation microbial inoculum:
A. horsehit is 9 parts, 6 parts of soya-bean cakes, and 85 parts of edible fungi residues, mixing, the adjusting moisture content is 65wt%, pH value 7.1, the plastic covering film, fermentation reactor system treats that the stockpile temperature rises to 50 ℃ of timing, keeps 5 days, turning was fermented 4 days again.Get the one-level solid fungicide.
B. get 15 parts of above-mentioned microbial inoculums, 80 parts of biochemical sludges, 4 parts of calcium superphosphate, 1 part in Repone K, mixing, the method for A fermentation set by step gets the microbial fermentation microbial inoculum.
The activity of microbial fermentation microbial inoculum is an examination criteria with the quantity of thermophilic actinomycete, and viable count is not less than 1*10
7Individual/gram.Detection method is pressed state of the art: substratum and operation steps are by prior art, 50 ℃～55 ℃ of culture temperature, incubation time 6～8 days.
(2) preparation of fermentation fertilizer:
50 parts of biochemical sludges, 30 parts of edible fungi residues, 20 parts of thorough mixing of microbial fermentation microbial inoculum is even.The moisture of adjusting compound is 63wt%, and C/N is 27, pH7.2.
Above-mentioned compound is piled high 1.5 meters trapezoidal heap, down punch from the top, 10 of every square metre of hole counts cover plastics film, carry out aerobic fermentation.Wait to pile temperature rise to 50 and ℃ pick up counting, fermented 7 days.Carry out turning when the stockpile temperature begins to descend, fermented 6 days again, fermenting process is finished.The fertilizer moisture content baking that ferments above-mentioned or dry in the air to 25～35wt%, standby.
(3) preparation of special organic and inorganic compound fertilizer for lawn:
Get 50 parts of the fertilizers that ferment, pulverized 10 parts in 80 purpose urea, 20 parts in ammonium sulfate, 8 parts of diammonium phosphate, 8 parts in Repone K, 3 parts in sal epsom, 2 parts in ferrous sulfate, 0.02 part of nitrification inhibitor 3,4 one dimethyl pyrazole phosphoric acid salt (DMPP).All raw materials are mixed, be transferred in the granulating disc, the carboxymethyl cellulose aqueous solution granulation of spray 2wt%, oven dry, screening get product.
Embodiment 2:
(1) preparation of microbial fermentation microbial inoculum:
A. horsehit is 13 parts, 7 parts of rape cakes, and 80 parts of edible fungi residues, mixing, the adjusting moisture content is 60wt%, pH value 7.5, the plastic covering film, fermentation reactor system treats that the stockpile temperature rises to 50 ℃ of timing, keeps 4 days, turning was fermented 5 days again.Get the one-level solid fungicide.
B. get 25 parts of above-mentioned microbial inoculums, 70 parts of biochemical sludges, 3 parts of calcium superphosphate, 2 parts in Repone K, mixing, the method for A fermentation set by step gets the microbial fermentation microbial inoculum.
(2) preparation of fermentation fertilizer:
60 parts of biochemical sludges, 25 parts of edible fungi residues, 15 parts of thorough mixing of microbial fermentation microbial inoculum is even.The moisture of adjusting compound is 60wt%, and C/N is 25, pH7.5.
Above-mentioned compound is piled high 2 meters trapezoidal heap, down punch from the top, 15 of every square metre of hole counts cover plastics film, carry out aerobic fermentation.Wait to pile temperature rise to 50 and ℃ pick up counting, fermented 9 days.Carry out turning when the stockpile temperature begins to descend, fermented 5 days again, fermenting process is finished.The fertilizer moisture content baking that ferments above-mentioned or dry in the air to 25%～35%, standby.
(3) preparation of special organic and inorganic compound fertilizer for lawn:
Get 60 parts of the fertilizers that ferment, pulverized 6 parts in 80 purpose urea, 13 parts in ammonium sulfate, 6 parts of diammonium phosphate, 6 parts in Repone K, 5 parts in sal epsom, 4 parts in ferrous sulfate, 0.04 part of nitrification inhibitor Dyhard RU 100 (DCD).All raw materials are mixed, be transferred in the granulating disc, the carboxymethyl cellulose aqueous solution granulation of 2wt%, oven dry, screening get product.
Embodiment 3:
The microbial fermentation microbial inoculum is identical with embodiment 1 with the preparation of fermentation fertilizer, difference is the composition of raw materials of organic and inorganic compound fertilizer, specifically: 55 parts of the fertilizers that ferments, pulverized 7 parts in 80 purpose urea, 14 parts in ammonium sulfate, 9 parts of diammonium phosphate, 9 parts in Repone K, 3 parts in sal epsom, 3 parts in ferrous sulfate, nitrification inhibitor 3,0.08 part of 4-dimethyl pyrazole phosphoric acid salt.
Embodiment 4:
The microbial fermentation microbial inoculum is identical with embodiment 2 with the preparation of fermentation fertilizer, difference is the composition of raw materials of organic and inorganic compound fertilizer, specifically: 65 parts of the fertilizers that ferments, pulverized 5 parts in 80 purpose urea, 12 parts in ammonium sulfate, 5 parts of diammonium phosphate, 7 parts in Repone K, 4 parts in sal epsom, 2 parts in ferrous sulfate, 0.15 part of nitrification inhibitor Dyhard RU 100.
Comparative Examples 1:
Press the fermentation fertilizer of the method preparation of embodiment 1, do not add inorganic fertilizer and nitrification inhibitor.
Comparative Examples 2:
Common composite fertilizer (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium total nutrient content 45%).
The effect of above embodiment 1～4 and Comparative Examples 1-2 is as follows:
For the examination lawn species is Bermuda grass, and soil is moisture soil.Comparative Examples is to calculate fertilizer amount according to identical input fertilizer cost with embodiment.2000 kilograms of the fermentation fertilizer per hectare consumptions of Comparative Examples 1,800 kilograms of the common composite fertilizer per hectare consumptions of Comparative Examples 2,1500 kilograms of composite fertilizer's per hectare consumptions of embodiment 1-4.All fertilizer fertilizing methods are identical, and application process is to spread fertilizer over the fields before planting lawn in soil surface, turns over then.
Annotate: leaf chlorophyll utilizes Japan to produce the portable chlorophyll instrument of SPAD-502 and measures.
Claims (5)
1. special organic and inorganic compound fertilizer for lawn is characterized in that raw materials quality part is composed as follows:
50～65 parts of fermentation fertilizers
5～10 parts in urea
10～20 parts in ammonium sulfate
5～10 parts of diammonium phosphate
5～10 parts in Repone K
3～5 parts in sal epsom
2～5 parts in ferrous sulfate
0.02～0.15 part of nitrification inhibitor
Described fermentation fertilizer is with 50～60 parts in mud, 20～30 parts of edible fungi residues, 15～20 parts of heap fermentations of microbial fermentation microbial inoculum, dries in the air to moisture content 25～35wt% to make;
Described microbial fermentation microbial inoculum prepares by the following method, and wherein the consumption of each component is weight part:
(1) horsehit is 8～15 parts, 5～8 parts of grouts, and 80～85 parts of edible fungi residues, mixing, the adjusting moisture content is 60%～65wt%, pH value 7～7.5, the plastic covering film, fermentation reactor system treats that the stockpile temperature rises to 50 ℃ of timing, keeps 3～5 days, turning was fermented 3～5 days again; Get the one-level solid fungicide;
(2) the one-level solid fungicide that step (1) is made is 15～25 parts, 70～80 parts in mud, and 3～4 parts of calcium superphosphate, 1～2 part in Repone K, mixing, the method for (1) fermentation set by step gets the microbial fermentation microbial inoculum.
2. special organic and inorganic compound fertilizer for lawn as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described nitrification inhibitor is 3,4 one dimethyl pyrazole phosphoric acid salt (DMPP) or Dyhard RU 100 (DCD).
3. special organic and inorganic compound fertilizer for lawn as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that raw materials quality part is composed as follows:
58～62 parts of fermentation fertilizers
5～7 parts in urea
12～14 parts in ammonium sulfate
5～7 parts of diammonium phosphate
5～7 parts in Repone K
4～5 parts in sal epsom
3～5 parts in ferrous sulfate
0.02～0.04 part of nitrification inhibitor.
4. the special organic and inorganic compound fertilizer for lawn preparation method of claim 1, step is as follows:
(1) preparation of microbial fermentation microbial inoculum
A. horsehit is 8～15 parts, 5～8 parts of grouts, and 80～85 parts of edible fungi residues, mixing, the adjusting moisture content is 60～65wt%, pH value 7～7.5, the plastic covering film, fermentation reactor system treats that the stockpile temperature rises to 50 ℃ of timing, kept 3～5 days, turning was fermented 3～5 days again, got the one-level solid fungicide;
B. 15～25 parts of the one-level microbial inoculums that above-mentioned steps is made, 70～80 parts in mud, 3～4 parts of calcium superphosphate, 1～2 part in Repone K, mixing, the method for A fermentation set by step gets the microbial fermentation microbial inoculum;
(2) preparation of fermentation fertilizer
50～60 parts of biochemical sludges, 20～30 parts of edible fungi residues, 10～20 parts of thorough mixing of microbial fermentation microbial inoculum is even, and the moisture of adjusting compound is 60～65wt%, and C/N is 23～28 mass ratioes, pH7～7.5; Described compound is piled high 1.5～2.0 meters trapezoidal heap, down punch from the top, 10～15 of every square metre of hole counts cover plastics film, carry out aerobic fermentation; Wait to pile temperature rise to 50 and ℃ pick up counting, fermented 7～10 days; Carry out turning when the stockpile temperature begins to descend, fermented 5～6 days again, fermenting process is finished; The fertilizer moisture content baking that ferments above-mentioned or dry in the air to 25～35wt%, standby;
(3) preparation of special organic and inorganic compound fertilizer for lawn
Take by weighing the fertilizer that ferments, pulverized 80 purpose urea, ammonium sulfate, diammonium phosphate, Repone K, sal epsom, ferrous sulfate and nitrification inhibitor by prescription; mix; be transferred in disk or the rotary drum granulator; the carboxymethyl cellulose aqueous solution of spray 2wt%; granulation; oven dry, screening get product.
5. special organic and inorganic compound fertilizer for lawn preparation method as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that the moisture of step (2) compound is 60～62wt%, and C/N is 25～26, pH7～7.2.
6. special organic and inorganic compound fertilizer for lawn preparation method as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that 3～5 centimetres in the aperture of the described punching of step (2), and the degree of depth in hole is to the bottom of heap.
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| CN2009102292094A CN101759505B (en) | 2009-10-21 | 2009-10-21 | Special organic and inorganic compound fertilizer for lawn and preparation method thereof |
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| CN101759505B true CN101759505B (en) | 2011-01-05 |
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