CN101758268B - Electric drill - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an electric drill. The electric drill comprises a shell, a planetary gear train arranged in the shell and an output shaft, wherein the planetary gear train is provided with a rotatable annulus gear, the outer circumference surface of the annulus gear is provided with a plurality of grooves, a movable part which can move along the axial direction is arranged in the shell and the movable part can be held in the grooves of the annulus gear. The electric drill is characterized in that the electric drill also contains a switching sleeve, the switching sleeve can be adjusted to selectively limit the movable part so that the movable part can be held in the grooves or the movable part can move away the grooves along the radial direction, and the annulus gear can switch between the rotation limit state and the rotation state. The electric drill of the invention can effectively prevent the failure of drilling and simplify the production process.

Description

Electric drill

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of electric drill, especially a kind of electric drill that has screwdriver and creep into function.

Background technology

The existing electric drill that has comprised screwdriver and crept into two kinds of mode of operations has the pattern switching mechanism.

Its screwdriver mode of operation is achieved in that the internal tooth of planetary gear system rotates, thereby realizes threading off, and then realizes the screwdriver function after being applied to moment of torsion on the output shaft and having surpassed certain value.The mode of operation of creeping into of the electric drill of the type is achieved in that and utilizes steel column or other objects to push down ring gear in the axial direction, makes ring gear not rotate, thereby realizes creeping into mode of operation.

This kind structure exists certain defective, under drill mode, the torque that ring gear is subjected to is bigger, because the temperature rising causes the part deliquescing after the influence of the part accuracy of manufacture and the machine works, make ring gear 9 axially not pushed down and rotate, promptly creep into disabler.

Japanese patent application has disclosed the another kind of electric drill that has comprised screwdriver and crept into two kinds of mode of operations for JP2005118961 number.

Its screwdriver and drill mode switch be achieved in that the ring gear of planet circular system week upwards have groove, corresponding with the groove steel column that is provided with also is provided with a shell fragment in this electric drill, the effect of this shell fragment is to drive steel column to move.In addition, this electric drill also is provided with a function and switches cover, and this switching cover is provided with a groove.Switch cover by rotating, when the groove that feasible switching puts was relative with the groove on the ring gear, steel column was moved in the groove, thereby block ring gear it can not be rotated, and be drill mode this moment.When steel column shifts out in groove, then when being subjected to certain torque, can rotate ring gear, and be the screwdriver pattern this moment.

The part that the defective that this kind structure exists is to use is more, makes complicated.

In order to overcome the deficiency of above all electric drills, be necessary to design and a kind ofly can effectively prevent to creep into disabler and make simple electric drill.

Summary of the invention

Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of and can effectively prevent to creep into disabler and make simple electric drill.

For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of electric drill, comprise: housing, be arranged at the planet circular system in this housing, output shaft, this planet circular system is provided with a rotatable ring gear, the external peripheral surface of this ring gear is provided with some grooves, also be provided with the radially movable part of activity in this housing, this movable part can be housed in the groove on this ring gear, this electric drill comprises that also one switches cover, this switchings cover can be conditioned and optionally restraint spare be housed in the groove, or the permission movable part radially leaves this groove, thereby ring gear is switched between restriction rotation status and permission rotation status, this switching puts and is provided with projection, and this electric drill is provided with the torsion adjustable ring, and this torsion adjustable ring is provided with the projection on projection relative top on the output axial direction that can put with switching.。

The further technical scheme of the present invention is: the internal diameters that this switching cover has at least two kinds of different sizes, and matched with movable part when the large-diameter portion position, this movable part allows radially to leave described groove, is the screwdriver pattern at this moment; Matched when path position and movable part, this movable part card is limited to be housed in the described groove, and be drill mode this moment.

The further technical scheme of the present invention is: the large-diameter portion of described switching cover divides and the path part distributes vertically.

The further technical scheme of the present invention is: this movable part is a steel ball.

The further technical scheme of the present invention is: this switching is sleeved on this housing.

The further technical scheme of the present invention is: this housing is provided with receiving space, is used to accommodate described steel ball.

The further technical scheme of the present invention is: this housing is provided with the flexible member that is connected with this switching cover, and this flexible member is positioned at a side relative with the torsion adjustable ring of described switching cover.

The further technical scheme of the present invention is: in this electric drill between torsion adjustable ring and the ring gear, be provided with screw lid, elastic component, trim ring, steel column, and the appearance end face of this ring gear along output shaft to being provided with at least one slope, this steel column one end withstands on the ring gear, the other end on the other side withstands on the trim ring, the climbing of this steel column on ring gear highly is S1, and the distance between this trim ring and the screw lid is S2, when adjusting torsion adjustable ring makes S1 less than S2, steel column can get over the slope, is the screwdriver pattern.

The beneficial effect of electric drill of the present invention is: regulate by a switching cover with different inner diameters and creep into and the screwdriver pattern, can effectively prevent to creep into disabler and make simple.

Description of drawings

The invention will be further described below in conjunction with drawings and embodiments.

Figure 1 shows that the part explosive view of disclosed electric drill.

Fig. 2 A is depicted as disclosed electric drill and is in phantom under the screwdriver pattern.

Fig. 2 B be depicted as along A-A among Fig. 2 A to cutaway view.

Fig. 2 C is that the force-bearing situation of steel ball when being extruded analyzed schematic diagram.

Fig. 3 A is depicted as disclosed electric drill and is in phantom under the drill mode.

Fig. 3 B is depicted as the cutaway view of the critical condition of disclosed electric drill from drill mode to the screwdriver pattern.

Figure 4 shows that the schematic perspective view of the ring gear of disclosed electric drill.

Figure 5 shows that the schematic perspective view of the torsion adjustable ring of disclosed electric drill.

Figure 6 shows that the schematic perspective view of the switching cover of disclosed electric drill.

Wherein:

1. gear 3. planetary gears 5. planet carriers

7. planet axis 9. ring gears 11. transfer panels

13. output shaft 15. housings 17. supporters

19. bearing holder (housing, cover) 21. switches cover 23. projectioies

25. torsion adjustable ring 27. protruding 29. springs

31a, 31b. groove 33a, 33b. steel ball 35. grooves

37. steel column 39. trim rings 41. elastic components

43. screw lid 45. screw threads 47. slopes

22. groove 24. transition inclined-planes 26. gussets

36. end face 42. grooves 44. screw threads

The specific embodiment

Provide the specific embodiment of the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.

With reference to shown in Figure 1, disclosed the part explosive view of electric drill of the present invention among the figure.With reference to Fig. 2 A, shown in Fig. 3 A, disclosed the phantom of electric drill of the present invention among the figure.

Electric drill of the present invention comprises: housing 15, as the motor (not providing among the figure) of driving element, master switch (not providing among the figure), gear reduction, extend the output shaft 13 of casing, elastic component 41 is used for the switching cover 21 that function is switched, spring 29, be used to regulate the torsion adjustable ring 25 of torsion, screw lid 43, chuck (not providing among the figure), work package (not providing among the figure) as screwdriver bit.Wherein, the gear reduction of electric drill of the present invention comprises: gear 1, planetary gear 3, planet carrier 5, planet axis 7, ring gear 9.

When the master switch of electric drill is triggered (not providing among the figure), motor (not providing among the figure) electric, and slow down through gear reduction, finally rotatablely move in its output shaft 13 outputs.

Referring to figs. 1 through shown in Figure 3, be delivered to gear 1 place from rotatablely moving of motor, and planetary gear 3 is meshed with gear 1, one planet carrier 5 is connected with planetary gear 3 by planet axis 7, one ring gear 9 is meshed with planetary gear 3, the transfer panel 11 that an endoporus is provided with inner spline gear be connected the inboard of planet carrier 5 and relatively the latter can not rotate.

Output shaft 13 rear ends of electric drill are provided with external spline teeth and are combined in the endoporus of transfer panel 11, output shaft 13 rear ends of electric drill are supported on the supporter 17 that is fixed in the gear box casing 15, in preferred forms, supporter 17 is bearings that are engaged in regularly on the housing 15, form as an alternative, supporter 17 can also be to be arranged on the replacement form that a hole on the housing 15 or other those skilled in the art can associate according to the present invention integratedly.

The front end of output shaft 13 is supported on the bearing holder (housing, cover) 19, and the circumferential play of bearing holder (housing, cover) is engaged in the inner chamber front end of housing 15, and like this, output shaft 13 has obtained well supporting, and has been passed on the output shaft 13 and by the output of output shaft 13 ends from the rotation of motor.

For output shaft 13 ends at electric drill obtain different output, on electric drill, be provided with the construction and device that switches the electric drill duty.In the present embodiment, be provided with one and switch cover 21 (with reference to stereogram shown in Figure 6).The effect of this switching cover 21 is, makes electric drill to switch between drill mode and screwdriver pattern.

Shown in Fig. 6, switch cover 21 and have small one and large one two kinds of inside diameter D that vary in size 1, D2, wherein D1 is greater than D2.Switch cover 21 and be provided with groove 22, be used for matching, make that switching cover 21 radially is installed on the housing 15 to relative fixed with protruding (not shown) on the housing 15.What deserves to be mentioned is that this switching cover 21 can move axially along output.

This switching cover 21 upper edge output shafts 13 (right-hand side is the front side among the figure) bearing of trend axially forward are provided with a projection 23, this projection 23 be used for torsion adjustable ring 25 upper edge output shafts 13 axially backward the projection 27 (with reference to shown in Figure 5) that is provided with of (the figure right-hand side is the front side) bearing of trend match.Wherein, there is no particular limitation for the concrete shape and structure of projection 23 and projection 27, in electric drill of the present invention, as long as guarantee the two enough contacts area arranged when pushing up relatively.

The rear end (right-hand side is the front side among the figure) of this switching cover 21 is provided with a spring 29 (with reference to Fig. 1, Fig. 2 A is shown in Fig. 3 A).One end of this spring 29 is connected on the housing 15, and the other end is connected and switches on the cover 21.

The housing 15 upper edge radial direction of the electric drill of present embodiment are provided with groove 31a, 31b (with reference to Fig. 1, Fig. 2 A is shown in Fig. 3 A). Steel ball 33a, 33b (with reference to Fig. 1, Fig. 2 A is shown in Fig. 3 A) is installed in this two groove 31a respectively, in the 31b, and these two steel ball 33a, 33b is circumferentially matched with switching cover 21 outside.

With reference to Fig. 1 and shown in Figure 4, ring gear 9 outer circumferentially is provided with some grooves 35.The effect of these grooves is to accommodate steel ball 33a, 33b.

The inboard of torsion adjustable ring 25 is provided with some gussets 26 (seeing for details shown in Figure 5).Screw lid 43 outer radial are provided with some grooves 42 (seeing for details shown in Figure 1).On electric drill of the present invention, gusset 26 is plugged in the groove 42.With reference to Fig. 1, Fig. 2 A to Fig. 2 B, shown in Fig. 3 A to Fig. 3 B, housing 15 is provided with some screw threads 45.Screw thread 45 connects with screw thread 44 (seeing for details shown in Figure 1) the formation screw thread of screw lid 43 inboards.Such structural design makes that torsion adjustable ring 25 and screw lid 43 can be around the rotations of output shaft 13 one.

Extremely shown in Figure 6 in conjunction with Fig. 1, since between screw lid 43 and the housing 15 for being threaded, and torsion adjustable ring 25 can rotate with screw lid 43 one, therefore, rotary torsion adjustable ring 25, make it produce displacement along the output shaft axial direction, and compression spring 41, finally make on the torsion adjustable ring projection 27 with switch cover 21 on projection 23 on the output shaft axial direction relative top (axial end that " top relatively " of the projection 27 of indication of the present invention and projection 23 is meant two projectioies in axial direction relatively against, and projection 27 can apply the power of axial direction to projection 23, below explanation repeats no more the implication on " top relatively "), thereby can apply axial force to switching cover 21, promote to switch cover 21 and move backward, and compression spring 29.

Correspondingly, the place ahead is to opposite rotary torsion adjustable ring 25 with it, then torsion adjustable ring 25 moves forward (the right-hand side direction is the front side among the figure), projection 27 on it breaks away from relative top with projection 23 on switching cover 21, and switch overlap 21 under the effect of the restoring force of spring 29 forward (the right-hand side direction is the front side among the figure) mobile.

Next in conjunction with diagram, specifically describe electric drill of the present invention and be in screwdriver and the state that creeps under the mode of operation.

Shown in Fig. 2 A to Fig. 2 C, for the electric drill of present embodiment is in partial sectional view under the screwdriver pattern.

Under the screwdriver mode of operation, the large-diameter portion that switches cover 21 divides facing to steel ball 33a, 33b, and switch on the cover 21 projection 23 not with torsion adjustable ring 25 on projection 27 relative tops.At this moment, steel ball 33a, 33b are housed in the groove 31a on the housing respectively, in the 31b, and are not compressed in the groove 35 of ring gear 9.Need to prove, because in the course of the work, ring gear 9 rotation at a high speed, in case steel ball 33a, 33b has partly fallen in the groove 35, promptly be subjected to the extruding force F when being extruded (see Fig. 2 C steel ball for details force-bearing situation analysis) of end face 36 diagonal upward direction on the ring gear 9, wherein, along the decomposing force F2 of output shaft axial direction by 15 couples of steel ball 33a of housing, the active force in axial direction of 33b offsets, that is to say, steel ball 33a, 33b only be subjected to upward to directed force F 1 effect, be steel ball 33a, 33b is ejected groove 35, and top is switched cover 21 large-diameter portion branch and blocks, and prevents that it from ejecting housing.That is to say that under the screwdriver mode of operation, steel ball 33a, 33b can keep being housed in groove 31a, in the 31b, and can not fall in the groove 35.

Shown in Fig. 1 to Fig. 3 B, the front end of steel column 37 is against on the trim ring 39, and the rear end is against on the ring gear 9.This steel column 37 is used for climbing and threads off.

With reference to shown in Figure 1, an end of elastic component 41 (herein being a spring) is against on the trim ring 39, and an end is against on the screw lid 43 (shown in Fig. 1).As previously mentioned, screw lid 43 combines with torsion adjustable ring 25, and combines with housing 15 by screw thread 45.Rotary torsion adjustable ring 25 drives screw lid 43 and moves, and then compression elastic piece 41 generation compressive deformations, and trim ring 39 is pressed backward, finally steel column 37 is pressed on the front surface of ring gear 9.

With reference to shown in Figure 4, in axial direction be provided with a plurality of outstanding slopes that have circumferential little inclined-plane 47 on the surface of ring gear 9, when torsion adjustable ring 25 is rotated in torsion and regulates in the shelves scope, trim ring 39 and screw lid 43 apart from the S2 perseverance greater than the climbing height S1 of steel column 37 on ring gear 9.

During output torque value that the moment of torsion of the outer load on acting on output shaft 13 is set greater than drill gun, be provided with because above-mentioned rotation is transmitted, the output torque value that the moment of torsion of the outer load on the output shaft 13 is set greater than drill gun can cause ring gear 9 to rotate.

Effect by the slope 47 of setting on the ring gear 9, make the stressed back of steel column 37 move and pushing trim ring 39, because S2 is greater than S1, steel column 37 just gets over the slope 47 generation dropout phenomenons of ring gear 9 end faces like this, and can send the climbing sound, output shaft 13 place's no-outputs.

Under these circumstances, or the screw of output (not providing among the figure) by last in workpiece (not providing among the figure) lining, or need to regulate torsion adjustable ring 25 and strengthen outputting torsions and just can make screw by precession workpiece (not providing among the figure).

As shown in Figure 3A, be in partial sectional view under the drill mode for the electric drill of present embodiment.

Referring to figs. 1 through shown in Figure 6, regulate torsion adjustable ring 25, make on the torsion adjustable ring 25 projection 27 with switch cover 21 on projection 23 relative tops, apply power thereby in the axial direction switching is overlapped 21, promote to switch cover 21 and move backward, and compress spring 29 further.

As can be seen from Figure 6, between large-diameter portion branch that switches cover 21 and path part, exist a transition inclined-plane 24.In switching the processes that cover 21 moves backward, this transition inclined-plane 24 at first contacts steel ball 33a, and 33b, and these two steel balls are produced extruding forces makes steel ball 33a, and 33b moves down.Finally, the path that switches cover 21 partly is moved to has aimed at steel ball 33a, 33b, thus to steel ball 33a, 33b applies power diametrically, pushes two steel ball 33a, and 33b makes steel ball 33a, 33b be absorbed in the groove on the ring gear 9.

Existing most of drill gun under drill mode, trim ring 39 and screw lid 43 apart from the climbing height S1 of S2 less than support column and ring gear 9.Thereby, outside electric drill is subjected to during load, though being subjected to outer load to transmit to be provided with by above-mentioned rotation, output shaft 13 places make ring gear 9 produce the trend of rotating, but because S2 is less than S1, the slope 47 that makes steel column 37 can not get over ring gear 9 end faces produces the dropout phenomenon, ring gear 9 can not rotate, and the output constant output of output shaft 13 is rotated and the state of creeping into of electric drill is kept.Structural design exists certain defective in this wise, under drill mode, the torque that ring gear is subjected to is bigger, because temperature raises and causes the part deliquescing after the influence of the part accuracy of manufacture and the machine works, makes ring gear 9 can not axially be pushed down and rotate, and promptly creeps into disabler.

But the electric drill of present embodiment is under drill mode, because steel ball 33a, 33b is crushed in the groove 35 of ring gear 9, makes ring gear 9 by locking radial, can not rotate, the output constant output of output shaft 13 is rotated and the state of creeping into of electric drill is kept, and is drill mode.Electric drill of the present invention is by locking radial ring gear 9, has overcome the problem that prior art exists effectively.

If need switch to the screwdriver mode of operation, then opposite spin torsion adjustable ring 25 (is different from when the screwdriver pattern switches to drill mode, the direction of rotation of torsion adjustable ring 25), the projection on it 27 breaks away from relative top with the projection 23 that switching is overlapped on 21.Switch cover 21 under the restoring force effect of spring 29, (right-hand side is the front side among the figure) moves forward, and the large-diameter portion branch that then switches cover 21 is moved to and steel ball 33a, and 33b contacts.Starter motor, then ring gear 9 rotates, accommodate the steel ball 33a in the groove 35 thereon, 33b is subjected to the extruding force F when being extruded (see Fig. 2 C steel ball for details force-bearing situation analysis) of end face 36 diagonal upward direction, wherein, along the decomposing force F2 of output shaft axial direction by 15 couples of steel ball 33a of housing, 33b active force in axial direction offsets, that is to say, steel ball 33a, 33b only be subjected to upward to directed force F 1 effect, i.e. this two steel ball 33a, 33b is extruded groove 35 (shown in Fig. 3 B, the cutaway view of critical condition) for electric drill of the present invention from drill mode to the screwdriver pattern, and top is switched cover 21 and blocks, and prevents that it from ejecting housing, promptly enters the screwdriver mode of operation.

In sum, be different from existing electric drill, the electric drill of present embodiment has prevented better because the generation of drill mode failure phenomenon has promptly been avoided in the generation of the phenomenon that the ring gear that element precision or part consume produce can not be axially locked better.And, do not adopt excess stock, only adopt one to switch nested structure, make manufacture process easier, production cost is lower.

In a word, the electric drill that present embodiment disclosed has been realized purpose of the present invention, has not only effectively prevented to creep into disabler but also simplified manufacturing process.

Based on inventive concept of the present invention, the technical scheme that those skilled in the art did all belongs to protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. electric drill, comprise: housing (15), be arranged at the planet circular system in the described housing (15), output shaft (13), described planet circular system is provided with a rotatable ring gear (9), the external peripheral surface of this ring gear (9) is provided with some grooves (35), also be provided with the radially movable part (33a of activity in the described housing (15), 33b), this described movable part (33a, 33b) can be housed in the groove (35) on the described ring gear (9), described electric drill comprises that also one switches cover (21), this switching cover (21) can be conditioned and restraint spare (33a optionally, 33b) be housed in the groove (35), or permission movable part (33a, 33b) radially leave described groove (35), thereby ring gear (9) is switched between restriction rotation status and permission rotation status, it is characterized in that: described switching cover (21) is provided with projection (23), described electric drill is provided with torsion adjustable ring (25), this torsion adjustable ring (25) be provided with can with projection (23) projection (27) on relative top on the output axial direction.

2. electric drill according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described switching cover (21) has the internal diameter (D1 of at least two kinds of different sizes, D2), as large-diameter portion position and movable part (33a, 33b) matched, (33a 33b) allows radially to leave described groove (35) to this movable part, and be the screwdriver pattern this moment; When path position and movable part (33a, 33b) matched, this movable part card is limited to be housed in the described groove (35), be drill mode this moment.

3. electric drill according to claim 2 is characterized in that: the large-diameter portion of described switching cover (21) divides and the path part distributes vertically.

4. electric drill according to claim 1 is characterized in that: (33a 33b) is steel ball to described movable part.

5. electric drill according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described switching cover (21) is sleeved on the described housing (15).

6. electric drill according to claim 4 is characterized in that: described housing be provided with receiving space (31a, 31b), be used to accommodate described steel ball (33a, 33b).

7. electric drill according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described housing (15) is provided with the flexible member (29) that is connected with described switching cover (21), and described flexible member (29) is positioned at a side relative with torsion adjustable ring (25) of described switching cover (21).

8. electric drill according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described electric drill between torsion adjustable ring (25) and the ring gear (9), be provided with screw lid (43), elastic component (41), trim ring (39), steel column (37), and the appearance end face of described ring gear (9) along output shaft to being provided with at least one slope (47), described steel column (37) one ends withstand on the ring gear (9), the other end on the other side withstands on the trim ring (39), the climbing of described steel column (37) on ring gear (9) highly is S1, distance between described trim ring (39) and the screw lid (43) is S2, when adjusting torsion adjustable ring (25) made S1 less than S2, steel column (37) can get over slope (47), is the screwdriver pattern.

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