CN101749025B - Improved construction method of soil mass of extra-large-diameter soil pressure balancing shield on soft soil stratum - Google Patents
Improved construction method of soil mass of extra-large-diameter soil pressure balancing shield on soft soil stratum Download PDFInfo
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- CN101749025B CN101749025B CN2009102006995A CN200910200699A CN101749025B CN 101749025 B CN101749025 B CN 101749025B CN 2009102006995 A CN2009102006995 A CN 2009102006995A CN 200910200699 A CN200910200699 A CN 200910200699A CN 101749025 B CN101749025 B CN 101749025B
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Abstract
The invention relates to an improved construction method of a soil mass of an extra-large-diameter soil pressure balancing shield on a soft soil stratum, which particularly solves the construction travelling problem of the extra-large-diameter soil pressure balancing shield. The improved construction method of the soil mass of the extra-large-diameter soil pressure balancing shield on the soft soil stratum comprises the following steps: adopting foam and bentonite slurry as additives in the tunneling construction process, injecting the additives to different positions of an excavation surface of a cutter, focusing on the foam and controlling the stability of soil pressure, causing bentonite slurry to play a subsidiary role and reducing the excavation strength of the soil mass, simultaneously adopting a central agitator in a soil warehouse to agitate and mix the soil mass and the additives entering into the soil warehouse and further stabilizing the excavation surface, improving the plastic fluidity, reducing the torque of the cutter and improving the tunneling efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of soil body improvement job practices, refer to a kind of tunnel construction technology that belongs to especially, be applicable on the balancing earth-pressure shielding machine of super-large diameter, to guarantee the soft soil layer overlarge-diameter soil pressure balance shield soil body improvement job practices of earth pressure balance.
Background technology
Earth pressure balanced shield, EPBS worker method is little with its scale of investment, job practices is simple, floor space is little, to traffic with ambient influnence is little and driving operation is easy to advantages such as control; Be widely used in fields, underground building such as urban track traffic, municipal engineering, hydraulic and electric engineering and transportation and energys, particularly the busy underground construction of tunnel of intensive building area, the traffic above-ground in city.
Continuous development along with municipal engineering construction; Requirement to earth pressure balanced shield, EPBS worker method also improves constantly; The balancing earth-pressure shielding machine of the small size diameter (in 8 meters) that in the past uses can't satisfy the requirement of some large-scale municipal engineering construction, therefore adopt construction that the balancing earth-pressure shielding machine of super-large diameter (more than 12 meters) carries out the tunnel in response to and give birth to.
When yet the balancing earth-pressure shielding machine of super-large diameter is constructed; Because excavation area reaches the influence of soil body physical property greatly; The soil body is big to the cutter head frictional resistance on the balancing earth-pressure shielding machine, has strengthened the load of balancing earth-pressure shielding machine and the moment of torsion of cutterhead thereof, and in the progradation of balancing earth-pressure shielding machine; The soil body volume that gets into balancing earth-pressure shielding machine Tu Cang in unit interval is bigger; Cause the soil pressure transmission of the face that excavates inhomogeneous, make the balancing earth-pressure shielding machine driving be difficult to guarantee that the excavation face is stable, causing construction to be procrastinateed with cost increases.
In addition; Soft soil layer overlarge-diameter soil pressure balance shield soil body improvement job practices in the construction of shield driving in the past; Be to the driving of minor diameter shield machine in hard soil layers such as grittiness or gravel; Its improvement purpose is mainly the creeping property that improves the soil body; And the balancing earth-pressure shielding machine of above-mentioned super-large diameter is constructed at soft soil layer, then faces the soil pressure that soil mass property causes and can't evenly transmit and excavate the face problem of unstable, so industry is eager to think deeply a kind of job practices that in the balancing earth-pressure shielding machine tunneling process, can improve the soil body.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that the present invention will solve is: a kind of soft soil layer overlarge-diameter soil pressure balance shield soil body improvement job practices is provided; The balancing earth-pressure shielding machine that improves super-large diameter in tunneling process, the problem that causes excavation face instability fltting speed to be procrastinateed because of soil mass property.
Technical solution of the present invention is: a kind of soft soil layer overlarge-diameter soil pressure balance shield soil body improvement job practices is provided; It is used for the balancing earth-pressure shielding machine of super-large diameter; It is characterized in that this soft soil layer overlarge-diameter soil pressure balance shield soil body improvement job practices comprises following steps:
Prepare additive; Allotment foam mixing liquid and bentonite slurry; According to the control system of construction requirement by balancing earth-pressure shielding machine; Foam mixing liquid concentration and expansion ratio parameter in the control foam improved system, the bentonite slurry that is formed by the ground slurries mixer system of mixing is delivered in the storage vat of balancing earth-pressure shielding machine, and stirs;
Detect the quality of additive, measure the steady bubble time and the adjustment of foam, the foaming quality effect is conformed to the parameter of control system, and detect the viscosity and the proportion of bentonite slurry in the storage vat;
The injection of additive in tunneling process; The cutterhead excavation face of balancing earth-pressure shielding machine is provided with a plurality of injection holes; In tunneling process, tunnel soil property and shield-tunneling construction parameter according to reality; With the foam injection rate and the bentonite slurry liquid measure of control system these injection holes of control, control the stable of soil pressure through foam improvement soil body performance, bentonite slurry then can reduce the excavation soil strength; And
Mix and stir; Get into the soil body and the additive of the Tu Cang of balancing earth-pressure shielding machine; Through the stirring vane of cutterhead configuration, the fixed blade mixing stirring of native storehouse dividing plate; And the central stirrer so that the control system controls in the native storehouse is strengthened mixing, to improve uniform soil quality property and the earth pressure balance that reaches inside and outside the cutterhead.
Aforesaid soft soil layer overlarge-diameter soil pressure balance shield soil body improvement job practices; The foam improved system includes solution tank, material bucket, injection pump, foam device and air compressor machine; The foam dope in the solution tank and the water of ormal weight; The injection material bucket mixes and stirs and process the foam mixing liquid of being scheduled to concentrations of foam; And the control system is mixed with air compressor machine compressed air to foam device by injection pump force feed foam mixing liquid according to the setting of expansion ratio parameter, generates the foam of setting multiplying power.
Aforesaid soft soil layer overlarge-diameter soil pressure balance shield soil body improvement job practices, bentonite slurry includes sodium bentonite, sodium carbonate and water.
Aforesaid soft soil layer overlarge-diameter soil pressure balance shield soil body improvement job practices, the viscosity of bentonite slurry is greater than 30s, and proportion is less than 1.10g/cm
3
Aforesaid soft soil layer overlarge-diameter soil pressure balance shield soil body improvement job practices; Form a center on the cutterhead excavation face; And form a mesozone and outer ring district in regular turn outward; And injection hole is disposed in center, mesozone and the outer ring district, and the additive in tunneling process injects improvement steps, through the control system total amount of foam injection and the distribution of different injection hole injection rates is set.
Aforesaid soft soil layer overlarge-diameter soil pressure balance shield soil body improvement job practices, the stirring vane of cutterhead inboard together rotates with cutterhead in tunneling process, with the fixed blade interaction of native storehouse dividing plate.
Advantage of the present invention is: in the tunneling construction process, adopting foam, bentonite slurry as additive, is main with foam; And the control soil pressure is stable, looks the situation of the soil body and injects bentonite slurry, in order to reduce the intensity of the excavation soil body; And utilize the control system that the injection rate of the diverse location additive of cutterhead excavation face is controlled according to the situation of excavation, and utilize stirring vane, fixed blade and central stirrer, the soil body and the additive that gets into Tu Cang mixed; Improvement soil body performance; Reach the purpose of the inside and outside earth pressure balance of cutterhead, and stable excavation face, improve soil body creeping property, and reduce the cutterhead moment of torsion and promote driving speed.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic flow sheet of a specific embodiment of soft soil layer overlarge-diameter soil pressure balance shield soil body improvement job practices of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1; Disclose the schematic flow sheet of soft soil layer overlarge-diameter soil pressure balance shield soil body improvement job practices provided by the present invention; The implementation step of this soft soil layer overlarge-diameter soil pressure balance shield soil body improvement job practices comprises: prepare additive; Detect the quality of additive, the improvement soil body is stirred in injection and the mixing of additive in tunneling process, and this soft soil layer overlarge-diameter soil pressure balance shield soil body improvement job practices is used for the earth pressure balanced shield, EPBS of super-large diameter.
Prepare in the additive step, allocate the additive of foam mixing liquid and bentonite slurry in advance, according to the control system of construction requirement by balancing earth-pressure shielding machine; Foam mixing liquid concentration and expansion ratio parameter in the control foam improved system; The bentonite slurry that is formed by the ground slurries mixer system of mixing is delivered in the storage vat of balancing earth-pressure shielding machine, and slowly stirs, wherein; The foam improved system includes solution tank, material bucket, injection pump, foam device and air compressor machine; The foam dope in the solution tank and the water of ormal weight, injection material bucket mix and stir the foam mixing liquid of processing predetermined concentrations of foam, and the control system is according to the setting of expansion ratio parameter; Mix with air compressor machine compressed air to foam device by injection pump force feed foam mixing liquid; Generate the foam of setting multiplying power, in addition, bentonite slurry includes sodium bentonite, sodium carbonate and water.
In the quality step that detects additive, measure the steady bubble time and the adjustment of foam, foaming quality is conformed to the parameter of control system; And the viscosity and the proportion of bentonite slurry in the detection storage vat, wherein, foam surely steeps the assay method of time; Be to be the perforation that 0.2 cm diameter is offered in 1 liter plastic measuring glass bottom at a capacity, with filling with foam in the plastic measuring glass, weighing is also noted down the initial mass of foam; In the past in time, foam dribbles and perforation outflow certainly, treats that foam quality becomes a half of initial mass; The time of its consumption is the steady bubble time of foam; And concentration, the expansion ratio parameter of surely steeping time and foam are linear, through measure foam surely the time of steeping can check actual foaming quality whether to conform to the parameter that the control system is designed, in addition; The preferable viscosity of bentonite slurry is greater than 30s, and preferable proportion is less than 1.10g/cm
3
At the injection improvement steps of additive in tunneling process, the cutterhead excavation face of balancing earth-pressure shielding machine is provided with most injection holes, in tunneling process, tunnels soil property and shield-tunneling construction parameter according to reality; With the foam injection rate and the bentonite slurry liquid measure of control system these injection holes of control, control the stable of soil pressure through foam improvement soil body performance, and bentonite slurry reduces the excavation soil strength; Wherein, Form a center on the cutterhead excavation face, and form a mesozone and outer ring district in regular turn outward, and injection hole is disposed in center, mesozone and the outer ring district; Additive in tunneling process injects improvement steps; Through the control system total amount of foam injection and the distribution of different injection hole injection rates are set, the external diameter of this center is 6 meters, and the internal diameter of this mesozone and external diameter are respectively 6 meters, 12 meters; The internal diameter in this outer ring district and external diameter are respectively 12 meters, 14.27 meters, and the foam injection ratio in this center, mesozone and outer ring district can be 2: 3: 1.
In mixing the step that stirs, balancing earth-pressure shielding machine gets into the soil body and the additive of balancing earth-pressure shielding machine Tu Cang in tunneling process; Through the inboard stirring vane that is disposed of the cutterhead of balancing earth-pressure shielding machine; And the set fixed blade mixing stirring of native storehouse dividing plate, and native storehouse central axis be provided with an and diameter parallel with cutterhead be about cutter diameter 1/3 central stirrer, and central stirrer is controlled by the control system; With the control system speed of agitator of central stirrer is set and controlled; To improve uniform soil quality property and the earth pressure balance that reaches inside and outside the cutterhead, wherein, the inboard stirring vane of cutterhead is in tunneling process; Together rotate with cutterhead, mix the effect of stirring each other with the fixed blade of native storehouse dividing plate.
Soft soil layer overlarge-diameter soil pressure balance shield soil body improvement job practices of the present invention is set up in order to the earth pressure balance that occurs in the tunneling construction that solves the overlarge-diameter soil pressure balance shield machine is difficult; And cutterhead moment of torsion and gross thrust are bigger; Problems such as soil body creeping property difference, it is that master, bentonite slurry are the soil body improvement of assisting that the soil body is carried out foam, bentonite slurry can also reduce the excavation soil strength; And bentonite slurry is under the special operation condition condition; As pass in and out Jia Gu district, hole, soil property than hard formation, and can cooperate foam to use, foam can be controlled the stable of soil pressure in addition; And can be according to actual driving soil property and shield-tunneling construction parameter; Utilize the control system that the additive injection rate of the diverse location of cutterhead excavation face is carried out distribution design, to satisfy the shield-tunneling construction controllable parameters in normal scope, soil body improvement has fltting speed, cutterhead moment of torsion, gross thrust and soil pressure to the parameter that influences of shield driving.
In addition; Utilize stirring vane, fixed blade and central stirrer, the soil body and the additive that gets into Tu Cang mixed, improve uniform soil quality property; Reach the purpose of the inside and outside earth pressure balance of cutterhead; And stable excavation face, improve soil body creeping property, and reduce the cutterhead moment of torsion and promote driving speed, so the use of the soft soil layer overlarge-diameter soil pressure balance shield soil body of the present invention improvement job practices; The relevant parameter and the data of shield driving are all adhered to specification and technical standard, guarantee that the balancing earth-pressure shielding machine of super-large diameter can smooth tunneling construction.
Claims (7)
1. a soft soil layer overlarge-diameter soil pressure balance shield soil body is improved job practices, and the balancing earth-pressure shielding machine that it is used for super-large diameter is characterized in that, this soft soil layer overlarge-diameter soil pressure balance shield soil body improvement job practices comprises following steps:
Prepare additive; Allotment foam mixing liquid and bentonite slurry; According to construction requirement by foam mixing liquid concentration and expansion ratio parameter in the control system of the balancing earth-pressure shielding machine control foam improved system; The bentonite slurry that is formed by the ground slurries mixer system of mixing is delivered in the storage vat of balancing earth-pressure shielding machine, and stirs;
Detect the quality of additive, measure the steady bubble time and the adjustment of foam, the foaming quality effect is conformed to the parameter of control system, and detect the viscosity and the proportion of bentonite slurry in the storage vat;
The injection of additive in tunneling process; The cutterhead excavation face of balancing earth-pressure shielding machine is provided with a plurality of injection holes; In tunneling process, tunnel soil property and shield-tunneling construction parameter according to reality; With the foam injection rate and the bentonite slurry liquid measure of control system these injection holes of control, control the stable of soil pressure through foam improvement soil body performance, bentonite slurry then can reduce the excavation soil strength; And
Mix the soil body and the additive that stir the Tu Cang that gets into balancing earth-pressure shielding machine; Through the stirring vane of cutterhead configuration, the fixed blade mixing stirring of native storehouse dividing plate; And the central stirrer so that the control system controls in the native storehouse is strengthened mixing, to improve uniform soil quality property and the earth pressure balance that reaches inside and outside the cutterhead.
2. soft soil layer overlarge-diameter soil pressure balance shield soil body improvement job practices according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: the foam improved system includes solution tank, material bucket, injection pump, foam device and air compressor machine; Foam dope in the solution tank mixes with the water injection material bucket of ormal weight and stirs and process the foam mixing liquid of being scheduled to concentrations of foam; And the control system is according to the setting of expansion ratio parameter; Mix with air compressor machine compressed air to foam device by injection pump force feed foam mixing liquid, generate the foam of setting multiplying power.
3. soft soil layer overlarge-diameter soil pressure balance shield soil body improvement job practices according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: bentonite slurry includes sodium bentonite, sodium carbonate and water.
4. soft soil layer overlarge-diameter soil pressure balance shield soil body improvement job practices according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: the viscosity of bentonite slurry is greater than 30s, and proportion is less than 1.10g/cm
3
5. according to each described soft soil layer overlarge-diameter soil pressure balance shield soil body improvement job practices of claim 1 to 4; It is characterized in that: form a center on the cutterhead excavation face; And form a mesozone and outer ring district in regular turn outward; And injection hole is disposed in center, mesozone and the outer ring district, at the injection improvement steps of additive in tunneling process, through the control system total amount of foam injection and the distribution of different injection hole injection rates is set.
6. according to each described soft soil layer overlarge-diameter soil pressure balance shield soil body improvement job practices of claim 1 to 4; It is characterized in that: the inboard stirring vane of cutterhead together rotates with cutterhead in tunneling process, with the fixed blade interaction of native storehouse dividing plate.
7. soft soil layer overlarge-diameter soil pressure balance shield soil body improvement job practices according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: the inboard stirring vane of cutterhead together rotates with cutterhead in tunneling process, with the fixed blade interaction of native storehouse dividing plate.
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