CN101746812A - Preparation method of room-temperature ball-milling solid phase chemical reaction of rare earth mixing with nano stannic oxide - Google Patents

Preparation method of room-temperature ball-milling solid phase chemical reaction of rare earth mixing with nano stannic oxide Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101746812A
CN101746812A CN200910216696A CN200910216696A CN101746812A CN 101746812 A CN101746812 A CN 101746812A CN 200910216696 A CN200910216696 A CN 200910216696A CN 200910216696 A CN200910216696 A CN 200910216696A CN 101746812 A CN101746812 A CN 101746812A
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precursor
rare earth
milling
mixing
tin
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朱达川
刘乙江
涂铭旌
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Sichuan University
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Sichuan University
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Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of room-temperature ball-milling solid phase chemical reaction of rare earth mixing with nano stannic oxide, relates to a preparation technology of the rare earth mixing with the nano stannic oxide, which can be applied for antistatic coating, plastics, fibre and other fields. Inorganic salts containing stannum and rare earth are taken as reactants, oxalic acid, ammonium carbonate, ammonium bicarbonate, sodium oxalate or sodium carbonate is taken as a ligand, the processing steps are sequentially dosing, mixing and preparing precursors of the room-temperature ball-milling solid phase chemical reaction, and the targeted product can be obtained after impurity removing, drying and thermal decomposition. The preparation method is characterized in that the reaction process does not use water, the stannum ion can be prevented from hydrolysis, uniform mixing can be realized, a solid phase reaction system is broken by utilizing the shearing force and the impact force generated during the ball milling process, the specific surface area of the reactant is increased, the reaction rate is increased, micro-fine and uniform precursors can be prepared, then the processes of cleaning, drying and controlling the thermolysis temperature and time are carried out, and thereby the rare earth mixing with nano stannic oxide powder, the particle size distribution of which is 30 to 80nm and has controllable morphology, can be obtained.

Description

The room-temperature ball-milling solid state reaction preparation method of rare earth mixing with nano tindioxide
One, technical field
This patent of invention belongs to " nano oxide powder technology of preparing ", relates to a kind of rare earth mixing with nano tindioxide that can be used for fields such as antistatic coating, plastics, fiber and preparation method thereof.
Two, background technology
Antimony-doped stannic oxide (ATO) powder has obtained widespread use owing to good characteristics such as having specific conductivity height, light-coloured transparent, satisfactory stability and weathering resistance, especially behind the powder nanometer, its use properties is greatly improved owing to having big a series of new features such as specific surface area.Its preparation method mainly contains at present: chemical coprecipitation, hydrothermal method, sol-gel method, metal alkoxide hydrolysis method, solid phase method etc.For example: application number be 200510031786.4 patent to adopt ammonium stannic chloride and antimony oxychloride be raw material, add a small amount of Synergist S-421 95 and carry out liquid phase reaction, obtain adulterated powder after the calcining; Application number is that 200310107905.0 Chinese patent adopts tin compound, organism with complex ability is a raw material, utilizes the Hydrothermal Preparation nano tin dioxide; Application number is the stannic oxide inorganic nano conductive powder body that 200310108073.4 patent proposes to mix with the sol-gel method preparation antimony; Application number is that 200410077780.6 patent proposes with metal pink salt, citric acid, polyoxyethylene glycol is the feedstock production Nano granules of stannic oxide; Application number is that 200610016171.9 patent proposes to prepare the tin oxide base nano material with sol-gel method; Application number all provides a kind of method for preparing the stibium doping stannic oxide conductive powder body for 200610028873.9,200710020429.7 patent.From the content of above Chinese patent application as can be seen: conventional solid-state method is simple to operate, cost is low, but speed of response is slow, is difficult to realize uniform mixing when mixing; Hydrothermal method, sol-gel method and metal alkoxide hydrolysis method cost are higher, chemical coprecipitation is strict to deposition conditions such as pH values, be easy to cause antimony, tin ion hydrolysis asynchronous simultaneously, be unfavorable for realizing the doping of real meaning, be difficult to carry out large-scale commercial production simultaneously.
Three, summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the deficiency that prior art exists, the singularity of utilizing the rare earth element out-shell electron to arrange, in conjunction with rare earth material chemically reactive height, redox ability characteristics strong and ligancy changeable (3~12) realize transition of electron, thereby improve powder electroconductibility, and then provide a kind of room-temperature ball-milling solid state reaction method of rare earth mixing with nano tin dioxide powder, this kind method is with the solid tin inorganic salt, inorganic salt of rare earth, the solid phase part is a raw material, in the room-temperature ball-milling process solid state reaction takes place, the precursor that reaction generates is through washing, dry, thermolysis obtains even adulterated target product.Owing in chemical reaction process, do not introduce water, thereby can prevent the tin ion hydrolysis, simplified preparation technology, and, made prepared rare earth mixing with nano tindioxide particle diameter, pattern, performance controlled by adjusting reaction system and proportioning thereof.
Mechanism of the present invention is: utilize the mechanical force (shearing force, surging force) that produces in the mechanical milling process can broken solid-phase reactant, increase the specific surface area of reactant, improve reactant contact surface and speed of reaction, therefore improved the ratio of nucleation rate and growth rate, can prepare fine, uniform precursor, control heat decomposition temperature and time then, thereby can obtain the rare earth mixing with nano tin dioxide powder of different-grain diameter.
Method provided by the invention is a raw material with tin inorganic salt, inorganic salt of rare earth and solid phase part thereof, and processing step is as follows successively:
1, batching
The mol ratio of reactant and part is 1: 2~4
2, batch mixing
The reactant and the part thereof that will meet ratio mix, till evenly;
3, room-temperature ball-milling solid state reaction legal system is equipped with precursor
The reaction system that mixes is carried out ball milling under room temperature, normal pressure, make that reaction generates precursor under mechanical shear stress that system produces, the impact force action in mechanical milling process, add lubricant during ball milling, the add-on of lubricant to be keep being disperseed to exceed by the ball milling system, till reactant and its part fully chemical reaction take place;
4, precursor removal of impurities
The washing and filtering method is adopted in the precursor removal of impurities;
5, precursor drying
Precursor is dry to adopt natural air drying or oven dry under 30~80 ℃;
6, precursor thermolysis
The precursor heat decomposition temperature is controlled at 580~750 ℃, time is 2~4 hours, can obtain the rare earth mixing with nano tindioxide, also can be 500~600 ℃ of following pre-burnings 0.5~1.0 hour, then 700~800 ℃ of decomposition, time is 1.5~2.0 hours, obtains the rare earth mixing with nano tin dioxide powder.
Among the above-mentioned preparation method, reactant tin inorganic salt are tin protochloride, tin chloride, stannous sulfate or tin sulphate, inorganic salt of rare earth is Cerium II Chloride, cerous sulfate, cerous nitrate, Lanthanum trichloride, lanthanum sulfat or lanthanum nitrate, and part is oxalic acid, volatile salt, bicarbonate of ammonia, sodium oxalate or yellow soda ash; The lubricant that is added during ball milling is ethanol or acetone.
The rare earth mixing with nano tindioxide of method preparation provided by the invention, powder size is distributed as 30~80nm, and its powder morphology can be regulated according to application need.
The present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effect:
1, owing to reacts under the effect of the shearing force that reaction system produces in mechanical milling process, surging force, can increase the specific surface area of reactant, the velocity of diffusion of particle in the contact surface of raising reactant and the system, thereby chemical reaction velocity is accelerated the chemical time shortening.
2, solid state reaction is not introduced water in reaction system, can prevent the tin ion hydrolysis, can keep reactant concn constant simultaneously, causes nucleation rate to be far longer than the nuclear growth rate, easily forms the precursor of fine particles, has created condition for obtaining nano-powder.
3, by adjusting ligand species, proportioning and thermal decomposition process parameter, precursor can obtain the rare earth mixing with nano tin dioxide powder that different-grain diameter distributes through thermolysis.
Four, description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the process flow sheet according to the room-temperature ball-milling solid state reaction preparation method of rare earth mixing with nano tin dioxide powder provided by the present invention.
Five, embodiment
Embodiment 1:
In the present embodiment, reactant is tin protochloride, Cerium II Chloride, and part is an oxalic acid, and technical process has following steps as shown in Figure 1 successively
1, batching
The mol ratio of tin protochloride, Cerium II Chloride total amount and oxalic acid is 1: 2, and wherein tin, cerium ion mol ratio are 94: 6
2, batch mixing
Tin protochloride, the Cerium II Chloride that will meet ratio mix with oxalic acid, till evenly;
3, room-temperature ball-milling solid state reaction legal system is equipped with precursor
The tin protochloride, Cerium II Chloride and the oxalic acid that mix are carried out ball milling under room temperature, normal pressure, make reaction generation precursor under its mechanical shear stress that in mechanical milling process, produces, the impact force action, the rotating speed of ball mill is controlled at 300 rev/mins, and ball milling can make tin protochloride, Cerium II Chloride and oxalic acid that chemical reaction takes place fully in 60 minutes and generate precursor;
4, precursor removal of impurities
The washing and filtering method is adopted in the precursor removal of impurities, and washing composition is a deionized water, washing and filtering three times;
5, precursor drying
Precursor after the removal of impurities is 40 ℃ of oven dry down, and the time is 6 hours;
6, precursor thermolysis
Precursor after the oven dry is placed resistance furnace or retort furnace, and heat decomposition temperature is controlled at 580 ℃, and the time is 4.0 hours, can obtain the adulterated nano-stannic oxide of cerium.
Embodiment 2:
In the present embodiment, reactant is stannous sulfate, cerous sulfate, and part is a volatile salt, and technical process has following steps as shown in Figure 1 successively:
1, batching
The mol ratio of stannous sulfate, cerous sulfate total amount and volatile salt is 1: 3, and wherein tin, cerium ion mol ratio are 93: 7;
2, batch mixing
Stannous sulfate, the cerous sulfate that will meet ratio mix with volatile salt, till evenly;
3, room-temperature ball-milling solid state reaction legal system is equipped with precursor
The stannous sulfate, cerous sulfate and the volatile salt that mix are carried out ball milling under room temperature, normal pressure, make reaction generation precursor under its mechanical shear stress that in mechanical milling process, produces, the impact force action, the rotating speed of ball mill is at 350 rev/mins, and ball milling can make stannous sulfate, cerous sulfate and volatile salt that chemical reaction takes place fully in 50 minutes and generate precursor;
4, precursor removal of impurities
The washing and filtering method is adopted in the precursor removal of impurities, and washing composition is a distilled water, washing and filtering three times;
5, precursor drying
Precursor after the removal of impurities is natural air drying at room temperature, and the time is 10 hours;
6, precursor thermolysis
Precursor behind the natural air drying is placed resistance furnace or retort furnace, and heat decomposition temperature is controlled at 650 ℃, and the time is 3.5 hours, can obtain the adulterated nano-stannic oxide of cerium.
Embodiment 3:
In the present embodiment, reactant is tin chloride, Lanthanum trichloride, and part is an oxalic acid, and technical process has following steps as shown in Figure 1 successively:
1, batching
The mol ratio of tin chloride, Lanthanum trichloride total amount and oxalic acid is 1: 4, and wherein tin, lanthanum ion mol ratio are 96: 4;
2, batch mixing
Tin chloride, the Lanthanum trichloride that will meet ratio mix with oxalic acid, till evenly;
3, room-temperature ball-milling solid state reaction legal system is equipped with precursor
The reaction system that mixes is carried out ball milling under room temperature, normal pressure, make reaction generation precursor under its mechanical shear stress that in mechanical milling process, produces, the impact force action, the rotating speed of ball mill is at 280 rev/mins, and ball milling can make tin chloride, Lanthanum trichloride and oxalic acid that chemical reaction takes place fully in 80 minutes and generate precursor;
4, precursor removal of impurities
The washing and filtering method is adopted in the precursor removal of impurities, and washing composition is a distilled water, washing and filtering twice, and then with washing with alcohol once;
5, precursor drying
Presoma after the removal of impurities is 60 ℃ of oven dry down, and the time is 4 hours;
6, precursor thermolysis
Precursor after the oven dry is placed resistance furnace or retort furnace, and heat decomposition temperature is controlled at 500 ℃, and predecomposition 60 minutes is controlled at heat decomposition temperature 750 ℃ then, and the time is 2 hours, obtains the adulterated nano tin oxide powder of lanthanum.
Embodiment 4
In the present embodiment, reactant is stannous sulfate, lanthanum sulfat, and part is a bicarbonate of ammonia, and technical process has following steps as shown in Figure 1 successively
1, batching
The total amount of stannous sulfate, lanthanum sulfat and the mol ratio of bicarbonate of ammonia are 1: 4, and wherein tin, lanthanum ion mol ratio are 95: 5;
2, batch mixing
Stannous sulfate, the lanthanum sulfat that will meet ratio mix with bicarbonate of ammonia, till evenly;
3, room-temperature ball-milling solid state reaction legal system is equipped with precursor
The reaction system that mixes is carried out ball milling under room temperature, normal pressure, make reaction generation precursor under its mechanical shear stress that in mechanical milling process, produces, the impact force action, the rotating speed of ball mill is at 400 rev/mins, ball milling can make stannous sulfate, lanthanum sulfat and bicarbonate of ammonia that chemical reaction takes place fully in 40 minutes, generated precursor;
4, precursor removal of impurities
The washing and filtering method is adopted in the precursor removal of impurities, and washing composition is a distilled water, washing and filtering twice, and then with washing with acetone once;
5, precursor drying
Presoma after the removal of impurities is 50 ℃ of oven dry, and the time is 5 hours;
6, precursor thermolysis
Precursor after the oven dry is placed resistance furnace or retort furnace, and heat decomposition temperature is controlled at 600 ℃, and predecomposition 30 minutes is controlled at heat decomposition temperature 800 ℃ then, and the time is 1.5 hours, obtains the adulterated nano-stannic oxide of lanthanum.
Embodiment 5:
In the present embodiment, reactant is tin sulphate, cerous nitrate, and part is a volatile salt, and technical process has following steps as shown in Figure 1 successively:
1, batching
The mol ratio of tin sulphate, cerous nitrate total amount and volatile salt is 1: 3, and wherein tin, cerium ion mol ratio are 90: 10;
2, batch mixing
To meet tin sulphate, the cerous nitrate of ratio, mix, till evenly with volatile salt;
3, room-temperature ball-milling solid state reaction legal system is equipped with precursor
The reaction system that mixes is carried out ball milling under room temperature, normal pressure, make reaction generation precursor under its mechanical shear stress that in mechanical milling process, produces, the impact force action, the rotating speed of ball mill is at 450 rev/mins, ball milling can make tin sulphate, cerous nitrate in 40 minutes, with volatile salt chemical reaction taking place fully, generates precursor;
4, precursor removal of impurities
The washing and filtering method is adopted in the precursor removal of impurities, and washing composition is an ethanol, washing and filtering twice, and then with washing with acetone once;
5, precursor drying
Presoma after the removal of impurities is 80 ℃ of oven dry, and the time is 3 hours;
6, precursor thermolysis
Precursor after the oven dry is placed resistance furnace or retort furnace, and heat decomposition temperature is controlled at 750 ℃, and the time is 2.5 hours, obtains the adulterated nano-stannic oxide of cerium.
Embodiment 6:
In the present embodiment, reactant is tin protochloride, lanthanum nitrate, and part is a yellow soda ash, and technical process has following steps as shown in Figure 1 successively
1, batching
Tin protochloride, lanthanum nitrate, with the mol ratio of yellow soda ash be 1: 4, wherein tin, lanthanum ion mol ratio are 94: 6;
2, batch mixing
Tin protochloride, the lanthanum nitrate that will meet ratio mix with yellow soda ash, till evenly;
3, room-temperature ball-milling solid state reaction legal system is equipped with precursor
The reaction system that mixes is carried out ball milling under room temperature, normal pressure, make reaction generation precursor under its mechanical shear stress that in mechanical milling process, produces, the impact force action, the rotating speed of ball mill is at 320 rev/mins, ball milling can make tin protochloride, lanthanum nitrate and yellow soda ash that chemical reaction takes place fully in 60 minutes, generated precursor;
4, precursor removal of impurities
The washing and filtering method is adopted in the precursor removal of impurities, and washing composition is an ethanol, washing and filtering twice, and then with distilled water wash once;
5, precursor drying
Presoma after the removal of impurities is 70 ℃ of oven dry down, and the time is 3.5 hours;
6, precursor thermolysis
Precursor after the oven dry is placed resistance furnace or retort furnace, and heat decomposition temperature is controlled at 550 ℃, and predecomposition 1 hour is controlled at heat decomposition temperature 850 ℃ then, and the time is 1.5 hours, obtains the adulterated nano-stannic oxide of lanthanum.
Embodiment 7:
In the present embodiment, reactant is tin protochloride, Cerium II Chloride, and part is a sodium oxalate, and technical process has following steps as shown in Figure 1 successively:
1, batching
The mol ratio of tin protochloride, Cerium II Chloride total amount and sodium oxalate is 1: 4, and wherein tin, cerium ion mol ratio are 92: 8;
2, batch mixing
Tin protochloride, the Cerium II Chloride that will meet ratio mix with sodium oxalate, till evenly;
3, room-temperature ball-milling solid state reaction legal system is equipped with precursor
The reaction system that mixes is carried out ball milling under room temperature, normal pressure, make reaction generation precursor under its mechanical shear stress that in mechanical milling process, produces, the impact force action, the rotating speed of ball mill is at 380 rev/mins, ball milling can make tin protochloride, Cerium II Chloride and sodium oxalate that chemical reaction takes place fully in 50 minutes, generated precursor;
4, precursor removal of impurities
The washing and filtering method is adopted in the precursor removal of impurities, and washing composition is an acetone, washing and filtering twice, and then with washing with alcohol once;
5, precursor drying
Presoma after the removal of impurities is natural air drying at room temperature, and the time is 8 hours;
6, precursor thermolysis
Precursor after the oven dry is placed resistance furnace or retort furnace, and heat decomposition temperature is controlled at 700 ℃, and the time is 4.0 hours, obtains the adulterated nano-stannic oxide of cerium.

Claims (2)

1. the room-temperature ball-milling solid state reaction preparation method of a rare earth mixing with nano tindioxide is characterized in that with solid tin inorganic salt, inorganic salt of rare earth, solid phase part be raw material, and technological process is as follows:
(1) batching
The mol ratio of reactant and part is 1: 2~4, and rare earth ion doped amount is 4~10%;
(2) batch mixing
The reactant and the part thereof that will meet ratio mix, till evenly;
(3) room-temperature ball-milling solid state reaction legal system is equipped with precursor
The reaction system that mixes is carried out ball milling under room temperature, normal pressure, make that reaction generates precursor under mechanical shear stress that system produces, the impact force action in mechanical milling process, add lubricant during ball milling, the add-on of lubricant to be keep being disperseed to exceed by the ball milling system, till reactant and its part fully chemical reaction take place;
(4) precursor removal of impurities
The washing and filtering method is adopted in the precursor removal of impurities;
(5) precursor drying
Precursor is dry to adopt natural air drying or oven dry under 30~80 ℃;
(6) precursor thermolysis
The precursor heat decomposition temperature is controlled at 580~750 ℃, time is 2~4 hours, can obtain the rare earth mixing with nano tindioxide, also can be 500~600 ℃ of following pre-burnings 0.5~1.0 hour, then 700~800 ℃ of thermolysiss, time is 1.5~2.0 hours, obtains the rare earth mixing with nano tin dioxide powder.
2. the room-temperature ball-milling solid state reaction preparation method of rare earth mixing with nano tindioxide according to claim 1 is characterized in that reactant stanniferous inorganic salt are tin protochloride, tin chloride, stannous sulfate or tin sulphate; Inorganic salt of rare earth is Cerium II Chloride, cerous sulfate, cerous nitrate, Lanthanum trichloride, lanthanum sulfat or lanthanum nitrate; Part is oxalic acid, volatile salt, bicarbonate of ammonia, sodium oxalate or yellow soda ash; The lubricant that is added during ball milling is ethanol or acetone.
CN200910216696A 2009-12-11 2009-12-11 Preparation method of room-temperature ball-milling solid phase chemical reaction of rare earth mixing with nano stannic oxide Pending CN101746812A (en)

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Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102502795A (en) * 2011-10-29 2012-06-20 南昌大学 Preparation method for tin-based oxide nanorods
CN102515260A (en) * 2011-10-17 2012-06-27 易鹤翔 Method for producing nanometer tin oxide doped with antimony
CN103435095A (en) * 2013-08-14 2013-12-11 西安工程大学 Method for preparing nano tin dioxide/composited nano tin dioxide through high-energy ball milling method
CN104046407A (en) * 2014-04-24 2014-09-17 四川大学 Antiwear antifriction composite additive for lubricating oil (grease)
CN106219552A (en) * 2015-11-30 2016-12-14 沪本新材料科技(上海)有限公司 A kind of nano-powder preparation method absorbing blue light
CN106525916A (en) * 2016-11-07 2017-03-22 中国石油大学(华东) Lanthanum-stannic oxide nanometer hollow porous membrane sensitive to oxygen at room temperature
CN107365496A (en) * 2017-04-03 2017-11-21 新沂市中诺新材料科技有限公司 A kind of Performances of Novel Nano-Porous meter level La SnO2/ PANI composite conducting material synthetic methods
CN111205758A (en) * 2020-02-26 2020-05-29 南京君弘新材料有限公司 Transparent antistatic liquid and preparation method thereof
CN112225245A (en) * 2019-06-28 2021-01-15 东北大学 Rare earth element doped SnO2Basic high response SO2Method for preparing sensitive material

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102515260A (en) * 2011-10-17 2012-06-27 易鹤翔 Method for producing nanometer tin oxide doped with antimony
CN102502795B (en) * 2011-10-29 2013-12-04 南昌大学 Preparation method for tin-based oxide nanorods
CN102502795A (en) * 2011-10-29 2012-06-20 南昌大学 Preparation method for tin-based oxide nanorods
CN103435095A (en) * 2013-08-14 2013-12-11 西安工程大学 Method for preparing nano tin dioxide/composited nano tin dioxide through high-energy ball milling method
CN103435095B (en) * 2013-08-14 2016-01-20 西安工程大学 High-energy ball milling method prepares the method for nano-stannic oxide/composite Nano tindioxide
CN104046407B (en) * 2014-04-24 2017-04-05 四川大学 A kind of lubricating oil(Fat)Use antiwear and antifriction compound additive
CN104046407A (en) * 2014-04-24 2014-09-17 四川大学 Antiwear antifriction composite additive for lubricating oil (grease)
CN106219552A (en) * 2015-11-30 2016-12-14 沪本新材料科技(上海)有限公司 A kind of nano-powder preparation method absorbing blue light
CN106525916A (en) * 2016-11-07 2017-03-22 中国石油大学(华东) Lanthanum-stannic oxide nanometer hollow porous membrane sensitive to oxygen at room temperature
CN106525916B (en) * 2016-11-07 2019-03-01 中国石油大学(华东) A kind of lanthanum-stannic oxide nanometer hollow porous membranes oxysensible at room temperature
CN107365496A (en) * 2017-04-03 2017-11-21 新沂市中诺新材料科技有限公司 A kind of Performances of Novel Nano-Porous meter level La SnO2/ PANI composite conducting material synthetic methods
CN112225245A (en) * 2019-06-28 2021-01-15 东北大学 Rare earth element doped SnO2Basic high response SO2Method for preparing sensitive material
CN111205758A (en) * 2020-02-26 2020-05-29 南京君弘新材料有限公司 Transparent antistatic liquid and preparation method thereof

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