Background technology
In the development of mobile communication technology, intelligent antenna technology has become an important field of research.The advantage that intelligent antenna technology brings to mobile communication system is that current any technology is all difficult to substitute.In addition, when using smart antenna, also need to be combined with other baseband digital signal treatment technology, as joint-detection, Interference Cancellation etc.
In wireless base station, used after intelligent antenna technology, will bring many benefits.The signal that base station receives is from each antenna element and the received signal sum of receiver, if adopt maximum power composition algorithm, disregarding under the condition of multipath transmisstion, total reception signal will increase by 10 * lgNdB, wherein, the quantity that N is antenna element.While there is multipath, the improvement of this receiving sensitivity will be depending on multipath transmisstion condition and uplink beam figuration algorithm and is become, and its result is the gain of 10 * 1gNdB nearly also.
CDMA(Code Division Multiple Access, code division multiple access) system is a self-interference system, and it holds quantitative limitation mainly from the interference of native system.That is to say, reduce interference very important to cdma system, reducing to disturb just can increase the capacity of cdma system greatly.In cdma system, used after smart antenna, the possibilities that just provide resource that all spreading codes are provided all to utilize, make the cdma system capacity above possibility that becomes that doubles.To using the wireless base station of common antenna, the covering of its community is determined by the radiation direction of antenna completely.Certainly, the radiation direction of antenna may design as required.But after installing at the scene, unless changed antenna, its radiation direction is impossible change and be difficult to adjust.But the radiation of smart antenna array can be used software control completely, when the network coverage need to adjust or occur that new building changes former covering, all can by software, optimize very simply.
At present, one of main direction that intelligent antenna technology has developed as 3G technology.Intelligent antenna technology not only can be used in TDD system, also can use in FDD system completely, the extensive use of smart antenna provides leading, a perfect technology platform for us just, and it has promoted the development of mobile communication technology to a certain extent.
Smart antenna is specifically applied in mobile communication system, and because cable is more, project installation is compared traditional a single aerial system and wanted complicated.For example, at the TD-SCDMA(Time Division-Synchronization Code Division Multiple Access that adopts unit 8 battle array, TD SDMA access) in system, antenna installation process will connect 8 additional calibrating cables of antenna, 9 antennas altogether, these 9 cables are fixed with the order of connection of antenna port, and in engineering, be easy to occur due to project installation personnel's operate miss the situation of connection error, if calibrating cable has occurred with other cables, can detect and occur at calibration process, if but there is connection error in unit 8 between any several, cannot detect by calibration network.If there is incorrect order in sequence of intelligent antennae, can cause adverse effect to the normal work of network, particularly can affect the shape of broadcast beam moulding, will have a strong impact on the network coverage like this, reduce systematic function.
Therefore, be necessary to propose the technical scheme that a kind of sequence of intelligent antennae detects, to solve the sequence of intelligent antennae occurring in antenna installation process, connect the problem that occurs incorrect order.
Summary of the invention
The problem to be solved in the present invention is to propose a kind of sequence of intelligent antennae detection method and equipment, solves the sequence of intelligent antennae occurring in antenna installation process and connects the problem that occurs incorrect order.
For achieving the above object, the invention discloses a kind of sequence of intelligent antennae detection method, comprise the following steps:
The signal that base station sends by smart antenna receiver terminal;
The calculated signals excipient weights W that receive according to every antenna of described smart antenna described base station, the argument vector C of calculating excipient weights W,
Described base station is analyzed the argument c of every antenna according to described argument vector C, and when the argument c of described every antenna forms arithmetic progression, described sequence of intelligent antennae connects normal, otherwise described sequence of intelligent antennae connection error.
According to embodiments of the invention, described base station has the signal of the described terminal transmission in direct projection path by smart antenna receiver.
According to embodiments of the invention, the signal that receive according to every antenna of described smart antenna described base station carries out channel estimating, according to channel estimation results, utilizes EBB(Eigenvalue Based Beamforming, characteristic vector) algorithm calculating shape-endowing weight value W.
According to embodiments of the invention, the space covariance matrix R of the calculated signals signal that receive according to every antenna of described smart antenna described base station, utilizes EBB algorithm to calculate shape-endowing weight value W according to space covariance matrix R.
According to embodiments of the invention, described base station is analyzed and is comprised the argument c of every antenna according to described argument vector C:
Distance between every antenna of described smart antenna equals the wavelength of the reception signal of 0.5 times, successively two adjacent antennas are carried out to the differential analysis of argument c, if the argument c of an antenna is greater than 180 degree after last antenna ratio, a rear antenna argument c is added to 360 degree, until both arguments are more or less the same in 180 degree at every turn; If the argument c of an antenna is less than-180 degree after last antenna ratio, a rear antenna argument c is deducted to 360 degree, until both arguments are more or less the same in 180 degree at every turn.
According to embodiments of the invention, the difference of guaranteeing the argument c between adjacent two antennas also comprises after being less than 180 degree: take abscissa as antenna number, ordinate is that the argument c of every antenna draws point diagram, when each argument c point between antenna is positioned on straight line, the differences such as the argument c formation of described every antenna, described sequence of intelligent antennae connects normal, otherwise described sequence of intelligent antennae connection error.
According to embodiments of the invention, also comprise:
The signal that receive according to every antenna of described smart antenna described base station carries out DOA estimation, calculates the argument c of described every antenna under this DOA angle.
According to embodiments of the invention, the angle of arrival that DOA estimates is after α, also comprises:
Calculating desired phase between each antenna when the angle of arrival is α is poor, β ' (ka)=cos (α) * 180 * (ka-1), ka=1...Ka;
Above-mentioned result of calculation is proofreaied and correct,
Calculate the phase residual error factor,
if
think described sequence of intelligent antennae connection error, otherwise that described sequence of intelligent antennae connects is normal, wherein Ka is number of antennas, the argument that c (ka) be respective antenna, and Γ is the judgement threshold of setting.
The invention also discloses a kind of intelligent antennae sequence detection apparatus, comprising:
Signal acquisition module, described signal acquisition module is for obtaining the signal sending by smart antenna receiver terminal;
Computing module, described computing module is used for according to the excipient weights W of gathered calculated signals smart antenna, and calculates the argument vector C of excipient weights W,
Judge module, described judge module, for analyzing according to described argument vector C, when the argument c of described every antenna forms arithmetic progression, judges that described sequence of intelligent antennae connects normal, otherwise judges described sequence of intelligent antennae connection error.
According to embodiments of the invention, the signal that described signal acquisition module is obtained is that base station has the signal of the described terminal transmission in direct projection path by smart antenna receiver.
According to embodiments of the invention, described computing module, for carrying out channel estimating according to gathered signal, utilizes EBB algorithm to calculate shape-endowing weight value W according to channel estimation results.
According to embodiments of the invention, described computing module, for the space covariance matrix R of the calculated signals signal received according to every antenna of described smart antenna, utilizes EBB algorithm to calculate shape-endowing weight value W according to space covariance matrix R.
According to embodiments of the invention, described judge module is analyzed and is comprised the argument c of described every antenna:
Distance between every antenna of described smart antenna equals the wavelength of the reception signal of 0.5 times, successively two adjacent antennas are carried out to the differential analysis of argument c, if the argument c of an antenna is greater than 180 degree after last antenna ratio, a rear antenna argument c is added to 360 degree, until both arguments are more or less the same in 180 degree at every turn; If the argument c of an antenna is less than-180 degree after last antenna ratio, a rear antenna argument c is deducted to 360 degree, until both arguments are more or less the same in 180 degree at every turn.
According to embodiments of the invention, described judge module be take abscissa as antenna number, the argument c that the ordinate of take is every antenna draws point diagram, when each argument c point between antenna is positioned on straight line, the differences such as argument c formation of the described every antenna of described judge module judgement, described sequence of intelligent antennae connects normal, otherwise described sequence of intelligent antennae connection error.
According to embodiments of the invention, described computing module also comprises DOA computing module, described DOA computing module is for calculating the angle of arrival α that described smart antenna is received signal, and described DOA computing module is poor for calculating when the angle of arrival is α the desired phase between each antenna, β ' (ka)=cos (α) * 180 * (ka-1), ka=1...Ka; And above-mentioned result of calculation is proofreaied and correct,
Further calculate the phase residual error factor,
if
think described sequence of intelligent antennae connection error, otherwise that described sequence of intelligent antennae connects is normal, wherein Ka is number of antennas, the argument that c (ka) be respective antenna, and Γ is the judgement threshold of setting.
Because smart antenna is in the process of installing, cable is more, and it is more complicated that project installation is compared traditional a single aerial system.Project installation personnel's easy operate miss and occur the situation of connection error, sequence of intelligent antennae connects and occurs that incorrect order can have a strong impact on the performance of smart antenna.Utilize technical scheme of the present invention, by analyze judgement in network craft terminal or signal transmitter, can, after antenna installation, whether antenna be installed and correctly be detected.Utilize disclosed technical scheme of the present invention, simple, efficient, by shirtsleeve operation, can judge whether line order exists mistake, is conducive to system equipment to be monitored, bring great convenience to actual Project Realization.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail:
As shown in Figure 1, for realizing the flow chart of a kind of implementation of sequence of intelligent antennae detection method disclosed by the invention.
S100: by smart antenna receiver signal.
In mobile communications network, the signal that base station sends by smart antenna receiver terminal.Wireless channel is generally random variable unstable channel, and what between terminal and base station, be conventionally separated by is distant, and has various barriers between the two.Preferably, the signal in selection base station section with the terminal in direct projection path receives, and the signal of conventionally receiving can be than not having the signal of the terminal in direct projection path to be eager to excel.As shown in Figure 2, for smart antenna illustraton of model in an embodiment of the present invention, preferably incoming signal is that relative antenna surface azimuth and antenna surface normal angle α are less than 30 degree, have the signal of the terminal in direct projection path, as RP(Reference Point in figure, reference point) shown in.
S200: the excipient weights of computational intelligence antenna, and calculate the argument of excipient weights.
The calculated signals excipient weights W that receive according to every antenna of smart antenna base station, and calculate the argument vector C of excipient weights W.
According to smart antenna principle, for even linear array, when terminal from smart antenna away from time, terminal transmits and arrives antenna and can think uniform plane wave.Now, only there is the difference of phase place in the signal on each reception antenna, and do not have the difference of amplitude.And, after signal incident angle is determined, on each antenna, receiving between the argument of signal and there is fixed relationship, its path length difference and electromagnetic wave propagation speed that arrives each antenna by signal can calculate.Obviously for even linear array, the path length difference that signal arrives each antenna is an arithmetic progression, if there is antenna sequence number inverted sequence, must not meet arithmetic progression.Therefore,, by this relation, can determine whether the problem that has antenna line order inverted sequence.The excipient weights W of smart antenna is comprised of the excipient weights of every antenna, and the excipient weights of every antenna comprise amplitude and argument, and the argument vector corresponding to excipient weights W of smart antenna is C.Argument vector C comprises the argument c of each root antenna, so, if the argument c of each root antenna comprising as the argument vector C of excipient weights W meets arithmetic progression, there is not the phenomenon of antenna line order inverted sequence.
The excipient weights W of smart antenna can be tried to achieve by many algorithms in base station, for example, the signal that receive according to every antenna of described smart antenna base station carries out channel estimating, according to channel estimation results, utilize EBB algorithm to calculate shape-endowing weight value W, thereby the argument vector C that further calculates excipient weights W, argument vector C comprises the argument c of each root antenna.
In addition, the space covariance matrix R of the calculated signals signal that base station can also be received according to every antenna of described smart antenna, according to space covariance matrix R, utilize EBB algorithm to calculate shape-endowing weight value W, the eigenvalue of maximum characteristic of correspondence vector of space covariance matrix R is exactly shape-endowing weight value W.
The method of space covariance matrix R of directly trying to achieve signal by signal is conventionally as follows:
The first step: obtain each aerial signal, be made as: m (i, ka), i=1...N, ka=1...Ka.N is signal length, and Ka is the total number of antenna.
Second step: ask signal space covariance matrix R (i), i=1...N:
R
(m,n)(i)=m(i,m)*m(i,n),i=1...N,m=1...Ka,n=1...Ka
The 3rd step: ask signal space covariance matrix average R:
S300: analyze between the argument of each antenna whether meet arithmetic progression.
Argument vector C comprises the argument c of each root antenna, base station is analyzed the argument c of above-mentioned every antenna according to described argument vector C, when the argument c of described every antenna forms arithmetic progression, sequence of intelligent antennae connects normal, otherwise sequence of intelligent antennae connection error.
As embodiments of the invention, analyze the argument c of every antenna to comprise base station:
Distance between every antenna of smart antenna equals the wavelength of the reception signal of 0.5 times, successively two adjacent antennas are carried out to the differential analysis of argument c, if the argument c's of an antenna is greater than 180 degree after last antenna ratio, a rear antenna argument c is added to 360 degree, until both arguments are more or less the same in 180 degree at every turn; If the argument c of an antenna is less than-180 degree after last antenna ratio, a rear antenna argument c is deducted to 360 degree, until both arguments are more or less the same in 180 degree at every turn.
For example, for the smart antenna of TD-SCDMA system, adopt with the following method and judge:
Every antenna carries out following cycle criterion;
for?ka=1:7
If large 180 degree of the argument of an antenna after the ratio of last antenna;
If?c(ka)-c(ka+1)>180
Large 180 degree of the argument of an antenna after the ratio of last antenna;
While?c(ka)-c(ka+1)>180
The argument of a rear antenna adds 360 degree;
c(ka+1)=c(ka+1)+360
End
If the argument of an antenna is less than-180 degree after the ratio of last antenna;
else?if?c(ka)-c(ka+1)<=-180
After the ratio of last antenna, the argument of an antenna is less than-180 degree;
While?c(ka)-c(ka+1)<=-180
The argument of a rear antenna deducts 360 degree;
c(ka+1)=c(ka+1)-360
end
end
end
As embodiments of the invention, after the difference of guaranteeing the argument c between adjacent two antennas is less than 180 degree, can analyze in the following way sequence of intelligent antennae and whether have inverted sequence: take abscissa as antenna number, ordinate is that the argument c of every antenna draws point diagram, when each argument c point between antenna is positioned on straight line, the differences such as the argument c formation of every antenna, sequence of intelligent antennae connects normal, otherwise described sequence of intelligent antennae connection error.
As embodiments of the invention, the signal that receive according to every antenna of smart antenna base station carries out DOA estimation, calculates the argument c of every antenna under this DOA angle.
For example, base station estimates that by DOA the angle of arrival obtaining is after α, carries out following steps analysis:
Calculating desired phase between each antenna when the angle of arrival is α is poor, β ' (ka)=cos (α) * 180 * (ka-1), ka=1...Ka;
Above-mentioned result of calculation is proofreaied and correct,
Calculate the phase residual error factor,
if
think described sequence of intelligent antennae connection error, otherwise described sequence of intelligent antennae connects normal, wherein Γ is the judgement threshold of setting, desirable 0.5 or 1, can choose suitable thresholding judgement according to Simulation results, the less criterion of Γ is stricter, and Ka is number of antennas, the argument that c (ka) is respective antenna.
In addition, can be to the phase place c after above-mentioned processing (ka), β (ka), ka=1...Ka draws map analysis.Abscissa is antenna number ka, and ordinate is phase place, from scheming, can further find out the situation that whether has line order inverted sequence, and can find out which antenna exists inverted sequence from figure.
β (ka) wherein, ka=1...Ka each point on figure K that can draw a straight line.
1) if c (ka), ka=1...Ka institute is a little all on straight line K, or very approaching from straight line K, does not have the situation of line order inverted sequence.
2) if c (ka), ka=1...Ka partly puts and belongs to straight line K, part point does not belong to straight line K, has the situation of antenna line order inverted sequence, and the corresponding antenna of point that does not belong to straight line K exists inverted sequence.
3) if c (ka), a little, not on straight line K, there is the situation of antenna line order inverted sequence in ka=1...Ka institute.
As shown in Figure 3, be the diagram of experiment simulation under sequence of intelligent antennae normal condition.
As shown in Figure 4, be the diagram of experiment simulation under the line order inverted sequence condition of first, second antenna of smart antenna.
The invention also discloses a kind of intelligent antennae sequence detection apparatus 500, comprising:
Signal acquisition module 510, signal acquisition module 510 is for obtaining the signal sending by smart antenna receiver terminal;
Computing module 520, computing module 520 is for according to the excipient weights W of gathered calculated signals smart antenna, and calculates the argument vector C of excipient weights W,
Judge module 530, judge module is for analyzing according to argument vector C, and argument vector C comprises the argument c of each root antenna, when the argument c of every antenna forms arithmetic progression, judgement sequence of intelligent antennae connects normal, otherwise judgement sequence of intelligent antennae connection error.
The excipient weights W of smart antenna is comprised of the excipient weights of every antenna, and the excipient weights of every antenna comprise amplitude and argument, and the argument vector corresponding to excipient weights W of smart antenna is C, and argument vector C comprises the argument c of each root antenna.
As the embodiment of the said equipment, the signal that signal acquisition module 510 is obtained is that base station has the signal of the terminal transmission in direct projection path by smart antenna receiver.
As the embodiment of the said equipment, computing module 520, for carrying out channel estimating according to gathered signal, utilizes EBB algorithm to calculate shape-endowing weight value W according to channel estimation results.
As the embodiment of the said equipment, computing module 520, for the space covariance matrix R of the calculated signals signal received according to every antenna of smart antenna, utilizes EBB algorithm to calculate shape-endowing weight value W according to space covariance matrix R.
As the embodiment of the said equipment, the argument c of 530 pairs of every antennas of judge module analyzes and comprises:
Distance between every antenna of smart antenna equals the wavelength of the reception signal of 0.5 times, successively two adjacent antennas are carried out to the differential analysis of argument c, if the argument c's of an antenna is greater than 180 degree after last antenna ratio, a rear antenna argument c is added to 360 degree, until both arguments are more or less the same in 180 degree at every turn; If the argument c of an antenna is less than-180 degree after last antenna ratio, a rear antenna argument c is deducted to 360 degree, until both arguments are more or less the same in 180 degree at every turn.
Embodiment as the said equipment, judge module 530 be take abscissa as antenna number, the argument c that the ordinate of take is every antenna draws point diagram, when each argument c point between antenna is positioned on straight line, the differences such as argument c formation of every antenna of judge module 530 judgements, sequence of intelligent antennae connects normal, otherwise sequence of intelligent antennae connection error.
Embodiment as the said equipment,
computing module 520 also comprises
DOA computing module 521,
DOA computing module 521 is received the angle of arrival α of signal for computational intelligence antenna, and
DOA computing module 521 is poor for calculating when the angle of arrival is α the desired phase between each antenna, β ' (ka)=cos (α) * 180 * (ka-1), ka=1...Ka; And above-mentioned result of calculation is proofreaied and correct,
Further calculate the phase residual error factor,
if
judge module 530 judges sequence of intelligent antennae connection errors, otherwise it is normal that judgement sequence of intelligent antennae connects, wherein Γ is the judgement threshold of setting, desirable 0.5 or 1, can choose suitable thresholding judgement according to Simulation results, the less criterion of Γ is stricter, and Ka is number of antennas, the argument that c (ka) is respective antenna.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention; it should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention; can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.