CN101741102A - Small-size wind power-generating grid-connected system with storage batteries - Google Patents

Small-size wind power-generating grid-connected system with storage batteries Download PDF

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CN101741102A
CN101741102A CN201010114029A CN201010114029A CN101741102A CN 101741102 A CN101741102 A CN 101741102A CN 201010114029 A CN201010114029 A CN 201010114029A CN 201010114029 A CN201010114029 A CN 201010114029A CN 101741102 A CN101741102 A CN 101741102A
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batteries
charging
circuit
wind power
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郭振清
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Guangdong Tenfo Electrical Group Co., Ltd.
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GUANGDONG TENFO FENGGUANGCHAO POWER EQUIPMENT CO Ltd
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/76—Power conversion electric or electronic aspects

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Abstract

The invention discloses a small-size wind power-generating grid-connected system with storage batteries, comprising a wind power machine, a wind power generator, a rectification circuit, an inversion circuit, a storage battery set, a charging circuit, a discharging circuit, a charging controller and a discharging controller, wherein the storage battery set is respectively connected with a direct-current bus through the charging circuit and the discharging circuit, the charging controller is connected with the charging circuit, and the discharging controller is connected with a discharging circuit. The system is additionally provided with an energy storing link, i.e. the storage battery set in the original small-size wind power-generating grid-connected system, and is additionally provided with the charging controller, the discharging controller and the like to reasonably control and set the storage battery set so that electric energy generated by the small-size wind power-generating grid-connected system can be supplied to a power grid when the power grid runs short of the electric energy or is stored according to the load condition. Therefore, the utilization rate of the electric energy of the small-size wind power-generating grid-connected system is enhanced, the application range is widened, and the small-size wind power-generating grid-connected system brings great economic benefits for users.

Description

A kind of small-size wind power-generating grid-connected system with storage battery
Technical field
The present invention relates to wind power generation field, particularly a kind of small-size wind power-generating grid-connected system with storage battery.
Background technology
(production of 50W～1000W) and popularization have had very great development with the small-sized wind power generator group at the family of China in recent years.Broken through 13.6 ten thousand by the family of applying in the whole nation in 1997 with small-sized wind power generator group recoverable amount, total installation of generating capacity 16.5MW has solved the illumination of about more than 13 ten thousand families, has seen TV, the electrical problem of listening to the radio programme.At present, domestic small-sized wind power generator is divided according to the form of wind energy conversion system, can be divided into trunnion axis and vertical axis.No matter be which kind of form, mainly all be by inversion control directly to the electrical network electric energy transmitting, intermediate link does not have energy storage device.This type systematic can only carry out the conversion of wind energy and electric energy according to external condition, wind energy conversion system is not generated electricity and can reasonably plan and coordinate, thereby improve the utilance of electric energy.So domestic miniature wind power generation system does not have the energy reserve link basically at present, i.e. no storage battery equipment.
Summary of the invention
For addressing the above problem, the invention provides a kind of small-size wind power-generating grid-connected system that the energy reserve link can be brought good economic benefit that has.
The technical scheme that the present invention is adopted for its problem of solution is:
A kind of small-size wind power-generating grid-connected system with storage battery comprises:
Wind energy conversion system and the wind-driven generator of under wind energy conversion system drives, working;
Rectification circuit, its input is connected with the output of wind-driven generator;
Inverter circuit, its input is connected with the output of rectification circuit by dc bus, and output links to each other with electrical network and/or load;
Also comprise:
Batteries, charging circuit, discharge circuit, charge controller and discharge controller, described batteries is connected with dc bus with discharge circuit by charging circuit respectively, described charge controller is connected with charging circuit, and described discharge controller is connected with discharge circuit.
Preferably, described charge controller is fuzzy sliding formwork charge controller, the input of described fuzzy sliding formwork charger receives comparison signal and the charging current detected value of batteries and the comparison signal between the charging current reference value between charging voltage detected value and the charging voltage reference value, and output is connected with charging circuit.
Preferably, described discharge controller is fuzzy sliding formwork discharge controller, and the input of described fuzzy sliding formwork discharge controller receives the busbar voltage detected value of dc bus and the comparison signal between the busbar voltage reference value, and output is connected with discharge circuit.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: this system adds energy reserve link-batteries in original small-size wind power-generating grid-connected system, and adding charge controller, discharge controller etc. rationally controls and is provided with batteries, small-size wind power-generating grid-connected system is generated electricity can be able to supply with electrical network or according to loading condition electric energy is stored when electric energy is in short supply, thereby improve the utilization rate of electrical of miniature wind power generation system, widen its application surface, for the user brings bigger economic benefit.
Description of drawings
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples:
Fig. 1 is a schematic block circuit diagram of the present invention.
Embodiment
With reference to Fig. 1, a kind of small-size wind power-generating grid-connected system with storage battery of the present invention comprises:
Wind energy conversion system and the wind-driven generator of under wind energy conversion system drives, working, wind energy conversion system can adopt trunnion axis or vertical axis windmill, be used for capturing wind energy, and convert it into mechanical energy, wind-driven generator can adopt magneto alternator, is used for mechanical energy is converted into the AC energy that frequency changes with wind speed;
Rectification circuit, its input is connected with the output of wind-driven generator, rectification circuit can adopt the uncontrollable rectification circuit of three-phase, for more stable efficient direct current can be provided, the uncontrollable rectification circuit of three-phase rear end can also be connected to the DC/DC translation circuit, as BOOST circuit etc., the uncontrollable rectification circuit of three-phase is converted into direct current with the unsettled alternating current of frequency, and be transported to the low-pressure end of BOOST circuit, the BOOST circuit is converted into stable high voltage electric energy with low pressure and unsettled direct current energy, and is transported on the dc bus;
Inverter circuit, its input is connected with the output of rectification circuit by dc bus, and output links to each other with electrical network and/or load, and inverter circuit is converted to the direct voltage on the dc bus the stable alternating current that is fit to load and electrical network use again;
Batteries, charging circuit, discharge circuit, charge controller and discharge controller, described batteries is connected with dc bus with discharge circuit by charging circuit respectively, described charge controller is connected with charging circuit, and described discharge controller is connected with discharge circuit.
Dc energy on the dc bus is to batteries, electrical network and/or load supply the time, general carry out by following priority: when the wind turbine power generation amount greater than the required electric weight of load, when dc bus was stabilized in the required voltage condition, dc bus charged to batteries by charging circuit; When the wind turbine power generation amount less than the required electric weight of load, batteries has electric weight when deposit, batteries provides energy by discharge circuit to dc bus, the electric energy transmitting that batteries stores is given load and electrical network.
To the batteries control of charging, charge controller is realized the two stages charging control to constant voltage charge behind the first constant current charge of batteries for better.Promptly when batteries need be charged, it is constant that the charging current of batteries keeps, and described batteries keeps the constant current charge state to be elevated to switched voltage value between two stages up to terminal voltage; When the batteries terminal voltage was elevated to the switched voltage value, batteries was carried out constant voltage charge under constant charging voltage, finish charging process after the charging current of batteries is reduced to certain value.Control in order to utilize above-mentioned control strategy, the present invention preferably adopts fuzzy sliding formwork charge controller, the input of fuzzy sliding formwork charger receives comparison signal and the charging current detected value of batteries and the comparison signal between the charging current reference value between charging voltage detected value and the charging voltage reference value, and output is connected with charging circuit.Below the theory of fuzzy sliding mode tracking control is described.
(1) sliding moding structure system
The sliding mode of sliding moding structure has complete adaptivity, and this is the most outstanding advantage of sliding moding structure system, also is that it obtains paying attention to main cause.Some uncertain parameters are all arranged in arbitrary real system, running parameter, mathematical description also always has inaccuracy, also is subjected to the disturbance of external environment condition, thereby sets up a simple general linear model, but is subjected to a kind of system of perturbation.Concerning perturbation, it may be very complicated: as comprise that a lot of items, mathematical expression develop, even determine or the like.But,, make such perturbation not make a difference fully, even sliding mode has complete adaptivity for perturbation for sliding mode owing to can construct the change structure control.Like this, we just can solve the calm problem of very complicated system.
Sliding-Mode Control Based is exactly by the continual amount of switching controls back and forth, and system is always constrained on the diverter surface, and the state of system automatically slides into initial point then, and this is an essential problem.Hypothesis has the control system equation of a research object to be now:
X=f (x, u, t) (formula 1)
X ∈ R nBe the quantity of state of system, u ∈ R mBe the controlled quentity controlled variable of system, t ∈ R.
Need to determine switching function s (x), s ∈ R m(the dimension ordinary circumstance that has equals the dimension of controlled quentity controlled variable)
s ( x 1 ) = cx = Σ i = 1 n c i x i (formula 2)
And seek to become structure control:
Figure GSA00000020200200052
(formula 3)
Sliding moding structure embodies
Figure GSA00000020200200053
Make and satisfy following 3 kinds of situation: A, sliding mode existence, promptly satisfy formula 3; B, satisfy accessibility condition, the motor point beyond diverter surface s (x)=0 all will arrive tangent plane in the limited time exactly; After the constancy system of C, the motion of assurance sliding formwork is moved into the sliding mode district, just begin to move along sliding-mode surface.For common feedback control system, except the existence and accessibility of sliding formwork, the sliding mode that also requires system is progressive stable and have a good dynamic quality.
(2) fuzzy control
Fuzzy theory is to be based upon on the basis of fuzzy set and fuzzy logic, those are described between " belonging to " and " not belonging to " middle transitional process by the notion of membership function, make each element not only belong to certain set with " 0 " or " 1 ", but also belonging to certain set with certain degree between " 0 " and " 1 ", each element more or less belongs to certain set.Fuzzy set is to a certain degree possessing all of certain characteristic factor, so fuzzy set theory broken clearly demarcated O one 1 boundaries of concentrating, for describing fuzzy information, handling blooming new mathematical tool is provided.Fuzzy control is based on fuzzy set theory, is instrument with fuzzy language variable and reasoning from logic, can utilize people's experience and knowledge, the intuition reasoning is brought into a kind of Based Intelligent Control of decision-making.Basic conception, the algorithm of the used fuzzy mathematics of fuzzy control are as follows: establish the set of U for some object, be called domain (can be continuous or discrete).U represents the element of U, and note is made U={u}.
Domain U is to [0,1] interval any mapping u F, i.e. u F: U → [0,1], all determine the fuzzy subset F of U, μ FThe membership function (Membership Funetion) or the degree of membership (Grade of Membership) that are called F that is to say μ FExpression u belongs to degree or the grade of fuzzy subset F.In domain U, can be expressed as element u and its membership function mui to the fuzzy subset F(u) set of ordered pairs closes, and is designated as: F={u, μ F(u) | u ∈ U}.If U is that then fuzzy set F can be designated as continuously:
F = ∫ J μ F ( u ) u du (formula 4)
If F is for discrete, then fuzzy set F can be designated as
F = μ F ( u 1 ) u 1 + μ F ( u 2 ) u 2 + . . . + μ F ( u n ) u n = Σ i = 1 n μ F ( u i ) u i , i = 1,2 , . . . n (formula 5)
The principle of (3) two stages charging control
Go out to switch the plane and try to achieve equivalent control u at first according to the equivalent state equation listed of charging main circuit, and then according to above-mentioned principle design by the equivalent control method of sliding mode equation as formula 1 Eq, again according to sliding formwork arrival condition design switching controls u sThereby, finish the The Design of Slide-model Controller process.
By the sliding mode controller design principle as can be known, it is made of equivalent control and switching controls, and control law is: if s be non-zero so u be u Eq+ u sTherefore design of Fuzzy Controller also just has these two parts, can be designed to: u=u Eq+ u NZ(s) u s
Fuzzy controller input variable s and output variable u pass through membership function.u NZ(s) variation realizes the elimination of buffeting.According to artificial thinking, the expertise reasoning is set up knowledge base and is:
The s fuzzy subset is { NB, NM, NS, ZO, PS, PM, PB}
U two fuzzy subsets are { NB, NM, NS, ZO, PS, PM, PB}
The system mode track is during away from switching function s, u NZShould get greatly, accelerate response speed, the system mode track is during near switching function s, u NZShould get little, when system trajectory arrives switching function s, u NZ=0, so obtain inference rule be:
??s ??NB ??NM ??NS ??ZO ??PS ??PM ??PB
??u NZ ??PB ??PM ??PS ??ZO ??PS ??PM ??PB
Table 1
Setting up the fuzzy sliding formwork discharge controller that obtains based on above-mentioned foundation realizes the two stages charging of batteries is controlled.Promptly when batteries need be charged, described fuzzy sliding mode tracking control device is according to the charging current detected value and the control of the comparison signal between the charging current reference value charging circuit of batteries, make the charging current of batteries keep constant, described batteries keeps the constant current charge state to be elevated to switched voltage value between two stages up to terminal voltage; When the batteries terminal voltage is elevated to the switched voltage value, described fuzzy sliding mode tracking control device is according to the charging voltage detected value and the control of the comparison signal between the charging voltage reference value charging circuit of batteries, make batteries under constant charging voltage, carry out constant voltage charge, after the charging current of batteries is reduced to certain value, finish charging process.The general preferred selection of constant charging voltage when batteries is carried out constant voltage charge equates with switched voltage value between two stages.
Batteries directly is connected with dc bus by discharge circuit in this grid-connected system, because the voltage of dc bus needs stable voltage, so also need dc bus is controlled in the batteries discharge.According to the energy conservation theory analysis, supposing to load on following of fixing situation (the constant substantially or phasic Chang of load, and can keep the long period) in actual applications, to need the stable then discharging current of batteries of control DC bus-bar voltage be exactly constant.Therefore, the preferred control strategy of the discharge controller in the native system is to guarantee that batteries dc bus when discharge keeps stable.Above-mentioned control strategy also can be finished by fuzzy sliding mode tracking control, be that discharge controller is designed to fuzzy sliding formwork discharge controller, the input of fuzzy sliding formwork discharge controller receives the busbar voltage detected value of dc bus and the comparison signal between the busbar voltage reference value, and output is connected with discharge circuit.The design of this fuzzy sliding formwork discharge controller and fuzzy sliding formwork charge controller are basic identical, no longer repeat herein.
When batteries is discharged, fuzzy sliding formwork discharge controller is controlled the turning on and off of switching device of discharge circuit according to the busbar voltage detected value and the comparison signal between the busbar voltage reference value of dc bus, regulate rapidly according to load variations, guarantee that DC bus-bar voltage is stabilized within the error allowed band of ideal value, and then the discharging current that makes batteries keeps constant, the control of realization batteries constant-current discharge.
Small-size wind power-generating grid-connected system of the present invention generates electricity can be able to supply with electrical network or according to loading condition electric energy is stored when electric energy is in short supply, particularly night the electrical network power consumption little, and carry out energy storage by storage battery under the condition of the required electric weight of load less than wind generator system institute energy output, and be electrical network and electric when power consumption increases by day, thereby improve the utilization rate of electrical of miniature wind power generation system, widen its application surface, for the user brings bigger economic benefit.
The above only is a preferred implementation of the present invention, should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite that does not break away from the principle of the invention, can make some improvement, and these improvement also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. small-size wind power-generating grid-connected system with storage battery comprises:
Wind energy conversion system and the wind-driven generator of under wind energy conversion system drives, working;
Rectification circuit, its input is connected with the output of wind-driven generator;
Inverter circuit, its input is connected with the output of rectification circuit by dc bus, and output links to each other with electrical network and/or load;
It is characterized in that also comprising:
Batteries, charging circuit, discharge circuit, charge controller and discharge controller, described batteries is connected with dc bus with discharge circuit by charging circuit respectively, described charge controller is connected with charging circuit, and described discharge controller is connected with discharge circuit.
2. a kind of small-size wind power-generating grid-connected system according to claim 1 with storage battery, it is characterized in that described charge controller is fuzzy sliding formwork charge controller, the input of described fuzzy sliding formwork charger receives comparison signal and the charging current detected value of batteries and the comparison signal between the charging current reference value between charging voltage detected value and the charging voltage reference value, and output is connected with charging circuit.
3. a kind of small-size wind power-generating grid-connected system according to claim 1 with storage battery, it is characterized in that described discharge controller is fuzzy sliding formwork discharge controller, the input of described fuzzy sliding formwork discharge controller receives the busbar voltage detected value of dc bus and the comparison signal between the busbar voltage reference value, and output is connected with discharge circuit.
4. a kind of small-size wind power-generating grid-connected system according to claim 1 with storage battery, it is characterized in that working as the wind turbine power generation amount greater than the required electric weight of load, when dc bus was stabilized in the required voltage condition, dc bus charged to batteries by charging circuit; When the wind turbine power generation amount less than the required electric weight of load, batteries has electric weight when deposit, batteries provides energy by discharge circuit to dc bus, the electric energy transmitting that batteries stores is given load and electrical network.
5. a kind of small-size wind power-generating grid-connected system with storage battery according to claim 1 is characterized in that the two stages charging control of described charge controller realization to constant voltage charge behind the first constant current charge of batteries.
6. a kind of small-size wind power-generating grid-connected system with storage battery according to claim 2 is characterized in that described fuzzy sliding formwork charge controller utilizes the fuzzy sliding mode tracking control algorithm to realize the two stages charging of constant voltage charge behind the first constant current charge of batteries is controlled.
7. a kind of small-size wind power-generating grid-connected system according to claim 6 with storage battery, batteries it is characterized in that when need be charged, described fuzzy sliding mode tracking control device is according to the charging current detected value and the control of the comparison signal between the charging current reference value charging circuit of batteries, make the charging current of batteries keep constant, described batteries keeps the constant current charge state to be elevated to switched voltage value between two stages up to terminal voltage; When the batteries terminal voltage is elevated to the switched voltage value, described fuzzy sliding mode tracking control device is according to the charging voltage detected value and the control of the comparison signal between the charging voltage reference value charging circuit of batteries, make batteries under constant charging voltage, carry out constant voltage charge, after the charging current of batteries is reduced to certain value, finish charging process.
8. a kind of small-size wind power-generating grid-connected system with storage battery according to claim 7 is characterized in that the constant charging voltage when described batteries is carried out constant voltage charge equates with switched voltage value between two stages.
9. a kind of small-size wind power-generating grid-connected system with storage battery according to claim 1 is characterized in that when described batteries is in discharge condition being constant-current discharge.
CN201010114029A 2010-01-22 2010-01-22 Small-size wind power-generating grid-connected system with storage batteries Pending CN101741102A (en)

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102508434A (en) * 2011-11-07 2012-06-20 河海大学常州校区 Adaptive fuzzy sliding mode controller for micro gyroscope
CN102651553A (en) * 2011-02-24 2012-08-29 上海空间电源研究所 Energy storage adjusting system for wind power field
CN102856921A (en) * 2011-06-30 2013-01-02 上海空间电源研究所 Wind power generation grid connection stored energy adjusting device
CN103296641A (en) * 2013-06-04 2013-09-11 中国电子科技集团公司第四十五研究所 Power supply power-down protection device of motor driving system
CN103395373A (en) * 2013-08-13 2013-11-20 南车株洲电力机车有限公司 Power receiving system and power receiving control method for energy-storage type vehicle
CN105356561A (en) * 2015-12-15 2016-02-24 广东顺德中山大学卡内基梅隆大学国际联合研究院 Dual-battery charging-discharging system and method

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102651553A (en) * 2011-02-24 2012-08-29 上海空间电源研究所 Energy storage adjusting system for wind power field
CN102856921A (en) * 2011-06-30 2013-01-02 上海空间电源研究所 Wind power generation grid connection stored energy adjusting device
CN102508434A (en) * 2011-11-07 2012-06-20 河海大学常州校区 Adaptive fuzzy sliding mode controller for micro gyroscope
CN102508434B (en) * 2011-11-07 2015-06-10 河海大学常州校区 Adaptive fuzzy sliding mode controller for micro gyroscope
CN103296641A (en) * 2013-06-04 2013-09-11 中国电子科技集团公司第四十五研究所 Power supply power-down protection device of motor driving system
CN103395373A (en) * 2013-08-13 2013-11-20 南车株洲电力机车有限公司 Power receiving system and power receiving control method for energy-storage type vehicle
CN105356561A (en) * 2015-12-15 2016-02-24 广东顺德中山大学卡内基梅隆大学国际联合研究院 Dual-battery charging-discharging system and method

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