CN101738360A - Time domain reflection unsaturated permeameter and method for measuring unsaturated permeability coefficient - Google Patents
Time domain reflection unsaturated permeameter and method for measuring unsaturated permeability coefficient Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a time domain reflection unsaturated permeameter. The center of a barrel cap (11) is provided with an air outlet (1); the joint of the barrel cap (11) and a barrel wall (8) is sealed by a first rubber ring (2), and the joint of a base (10) and the barrel wall (8) is sealed by a second rubber ring (6); and 5 buried waveguides (3) are arranged at equal intervals in the barrel wall (8), a soil sample in the barrel wall (8) is isolated from the base (10) by porous stones (4), and the positions on the base, corresponding to the porous stones, are respectively provided with a water inlet (7) and a water outlet (5). The invention also provides a method for measuring the unsaturated permeability coefficient of a soil body. The method uses a time domain reflection probe to measure the water content of the soil body in the fixed positions and solves the unsaturated permeability coefficient of the measured medium by making use of the beforehand-measured soil-water characteristic curve of the measured soil body and finally using the instant section method. The invention can be used for measuring the unsaturated permeability coefficient of different soil samples (undisturbed or remolded) and improves the accuracy.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of civil engineering, be specifically related to a kind of novel geotechnological experimental facilities and experimental technique thereof of Geotechnical Engineering experimental study.
Background technology
The unsaturated soil infiltration coefficient more and more obtains along with the fast development of association areas such as civil engineering work, agricultural paying attention to, stability in foundation ditch and side slope, soil water seepage flow is analyzed, moisture and material migration, and be an important parameter in the case studies such as processing of nuke rubbish, how to obtain the unsaturation infiltration coefficient of the soil body, become the difficult point problem that engineering construction and association area need to be resolved hurrily.Yet at present in the engineering practice at home and abroad, to the unsaturated soil infiltration coefficient mainly is to adopt forecast method, for example determine soil sample unsaturation infiltration coefficient and native water characteristic curve by test, and with mathematical model to native water characteristic curve match, finally calculate the infiltration coefficient function according to the infiltration coefficient analytical technology again, many scholars find that predicted value and measured value have bigger difference, must cause the incorrectness that engineering problem is analyzed like this, bring bigger misleading to engineering practice.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of Time Domain Reflectometry unsaturation permeameter and experimental technique thereof, by advanced person's TDR technology, the test method of research unsaturated soil permeability apparatus and infiltration coefficient thereof.
Solution of the present invention is: a kind of Time Domain Reflectometry unsaturation permeameter comprises: gas outlet, rubber band, flush type waveguide, permeable stone, water delivering orifice, rubber band, water inlet, barrel, the soil moisture instrument, base, cover, wherein: the cover center has the gas outlet; Cover and barrel junction seal with first rubber band, and base and barrel junction seal with second rubber band; Barrel inside equidistantly is furnished with 5 flush type waveguides, isolates with permeable stone between soil sample and base in the barrel, and permeable stone position corresponding on the base has water inlet and water delivering orifice.
A kind of method of measuring the unsaturation infiltration coefficient of the soil body, use above-mentioned this permeameter of Time Domain Reflectometry unsaturation permeameter to measure: by the soil body water cut on the Time Domain Reflectometry probe assay fixed position, native water characteristic curve by the tested soil body that records in advance, finally adopt instantaneous method of section, ask for the unsaturation infiltration coefficient of measured medium.
At first, when on-test, open inlet valve, water enters soil sample from the bottom; After on-test,, write down the size of the water cut of different waveguide pipe position by palm PC every half an hour, along with the changing value of water cut diminishes, the time interval of record can be increased gradually,, test can be stopped when the minimum point of the soil sample waveguide state that reaches capacity.
Carry out the unsaturated soil permeability test, in test, by suction, water can when the waveguide of soil sample minimum point, when soil specimen moisture content reaches capacity, promptly can stop permeability test constantly to the upper reaches.Owing to be instantaneous method of section, the speed of current is not need to be controlled at a fixing value, but can not change too fast, can be by observing the variation speed degree of soil specimen moisture content, whether the speed of judging current is suitable, if improper, can control by the hydraulic pressure of regulating the outside.
For the test of manipulated soil, this permeability apparatus not only can carry out permeability test, can also directly increase the Piston Compression soil sample in the permeability apparatus tube.
Operation steps is:
Soil sample is pulverized, dry, carry out the remoulded sample preparation, earlier soil sample is weighed by the compaction in layers method, be divided into several parts, first puts into tube earlier, is pressed onto certain volume by piston, add second portion soil again, calculate good volume up to being pressed onto, the preparation of soil sample is finished; At last, carry out the permeability test of soil sample.
Unsaturation permeameter of the present invention can apply to the measurement of the unsaturation infiltration coefficient of different soil samples (original state or reinvent).
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is this a kind of embodiment lateral confinement infiltration experiment device synoptic diagram.
Fig. 2 is infiltration coefficient predicted value and test M2 point measured value comparison diagram.
Embodiment
In high cut slope unstability prediction of certain highway and punishment technical research project, the present invention's test of having maintained secrecy, and for it provides the infiltration coefficient test basis of the reliable unsaturation soil body, this purpose successful implementation makes this practicality and reliability obtain sufficient checking.
See also Fig. 2, obviously, different Forecasting Methodologies, the infiltration coefficient that obtains swelled ground is different, and predicted value and measured value are differentiated, causing this reasons of error is the size that Forecasting Methodology can accurately not predicted the undisturbed unsaturated expansive soils infiltration coefficient.
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing illustrated embodiment.
As shown in Figure 1, be the structural representation of an embodiment of the present invention, this lateral confinement infiltration experiment device comprises: gas outlet 1, rubber band 2, flush type waveguide 3, permeable stone 4, water delivering orifice 5, rubber band 6, water inlet 7, barrel 8, MiniTrase TDR soil moisture instrument 9, base 10, cover 11.Cover 11 centers have gas outlet 1; Cover 11 seals with rubber band 2 with barrel 8 junctions, and base 10 seals with rubber band 6 with barrel 8 junctions; Barrel 8 inside equidistantly are furnished with 5 flush type waveguides 3, and 10 of soil samples and bases are isolated with permeable stone 4 in the barrel 8, and the permeable stone position of correspondence has water inlet 7 and water delivering orifice 5 on the base.When on-test, water inlet 7 and water delivering orifice 5 are all opened, and water enters from water inlet 7, discharge from water delivering orifice 5, are used for getting rid of the air of base, when the water of getting rid of does not have bubble, close water delivering orifice 5 again.
This permeameter can be measured the unsaturation infiltration coefficient of the soil body.By the soil body water cut on Time Domain Reflectometry probe (TDR) the mensuration fixed position, the native water characteristic curve by the tested soil body that records in advance finally adopts instantaneous method of section, asks for the unsaturation infiltration coefficient of measured medium.
This sample tube internal diameter 10cm, height 21cm, barrel thickness 0.5cm.Adopt stainless steel material, the size of tube is big, and these are different with traditional infiltration experiment device, and traditional test unit size is little, and soil sample is not representative, and measured value and measured value deviation are big.
The MiniTrase TDR soil moisture instrument (model 6050X3) that the barrel equal intervals is arranged in order to measure the instant volumetric(al) moisture content of position soil sample, has 5, and its position is corresponding with the position of waveguide respectively.
TDR can the long 8cm of buried waveguide (probe), outer interrod spacing 2.5cm, measurement range 0～100%, distance (height) between precision ± 2%, 5 waveguide and the soil sample water inlet end is respectively h1=3.5cm, h2=7.0cm, h3=10.5cm, h4=14.0cm and h5=17.5cm.
This waveguide is for being small-sized waveguide, and the embedded waveguide of I is used in that subaerial shallow-layer is measured and the measurement of laboratory earth pillar.The long 8cm of waveguide has the distance of 2.5cm outside between the rod, this waveguide is promptly adopted in this test.
During on-test, water enters soil sample from the bottom; In the process of the test, after waveguide concerns off-test over time by MiniTrase TDR soil moisture instrument record position soil specimen moisture content, adopt soil body water cut, the duration curve of the soil sample water cut that records by the soil moisture instrument, and the native water characteristic curve of the tested soil body that records in advance, adopt instantaneous method of section, ask for the unsaturation infiltration coefficient of measured medium.
At first, when on-test, open inlet valve, water enters soil sample from the bottom.After on-test,, write down the size of the water cut of different waveguide pipe position by palm PC every half an hour, along with the changing value of water cut diminishes, the time interval of record can be increased gradually,, test can be stopped when the minimum point of the soil sample waveguide state that reaches capacity.
Owing to be to carry out the unsaturated soil permeability test, in test, by suction, water can be constantly to the upper reaches, and when the waveguide of soil sample minimum point, promptly the h1 position when soil specimen moisture content reaches capacity, promptly can stop permeability test.Owing to be instantaneous method of section, the speed of current is not need to be controlled at a fixing value, but can not change too fast, can be by observing the variation speed degree of soil specimen moisture content, whether the speed of judging current is suitable, if improper, can control by the hydraulic pressure of regulating the outside.
In addition, for the test of manipulated soil, this permeability apparatus not only can carry out permeability test, can also directly compress soil sample in tube, so not only economical with materials can also make manipulated soil fully contact with barrel, avoid in the permeability test process, water flows through from the slit of soil and barrel as far as possible.
In the time of the compression soil sample, can directly in permeability apparatus tube 8, increase piston and carry out.
The tube 8 the same stainless steel materials that can adopt with piston are made.
Operation steps is:
Soil sample is pulverized, dry, carry out the remoulded sample preparation, earlier soil sample is weighed by the compaction in layers method, be divided into several parts, first puts into tube earlier, is pressed onto certain volume by piston, add second portion soil again, calculate good volume up to being pressed onto, the preparation of soil sample is finished.
At last, carry out the permeability test of soil sample, method of operating is identical with above-mentioned undisturbed soil.
The above-mentioned description to embodiment is can understand and use the present invention for ease of those skilled in the art.The person skilled in the art obviously can easily make various modifications to these embodiment, and needn't pass through performing creative labour being applied in the General Principle of this explanation among other embodiment.Therefore, the invention is not restricted to the foregoing description, those skilled in the art should be within protection scope of the present invention for improvement and modification that invention is made according to announcement of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a Time Domain Reflectometry unsaturation permeameter is characterized in that: comprising: gas outlet (1), rubber band (2), flush type waveguide (3), permeable stone (4), water delivering orifice (5), rubber band (6), water inlet (7), barrel (8), soil moisture instrument (9), base (10), cover (11), wherein: cover (11) center has gas outlet (1); Cover (11) seals with first rubber band (2) with barrel (8) junction, and base (10) seals with second rubber band (6) with barrel (8) junction; Barrel (8) inside equidistantly is furnished with 5 flush type waveguides (3), isolates with permeable stone (4) between interior soil sample of barrel (8) and base (10), and permeable stone position corresponding on the base has water inlet (7) and water delivering orifice (5).
2. method of measuring the unsaturation infiltration coefficient of the soil body, it is characterized in that: use this permeameter of the described Time Domain Reflectometry unsaturation of claim 1 permeameter to measure: by the soil body water cut on the Time Domain Reflectometry probe assay fixed position, native water characteristic curve by the tested soil body that records in advance, finally adopt instantaneous method of section, ask for the unsaturation infiltration coefficient of measured medium.
3. method according to claim 2 is characterized in that: at first, when on-test, open inlet valve, water enters soil sample from the bottom; After the test Ji beginning,, write down the size of the water cut of different waveguide pipe position by palm PC every half an hour, along with the changing value of water cut diminishes, the time interval of record can be increased gradually,, test can be stopped when the minimum point of the soil sample waveguide state that reaches capacity.
4. method according to claim 2 is characterized in that: carry out the unsaturated soil permeability test, in test, by suction, water can be constantly to the upper reaches, when the waveguide of soil sample minimum point, when soil specimen moisture content reaches capacity, promptly can stop permeability test.Owing to be instantaneous method of section, the speed of current is not need to be controlled at a fixing value, but can not change too fast, can be by observing the variation speed degree of soil specimen moisture content, whether the speed of judging current is suitable, if improper, can control by the hydraulic pressure of regulating the outside.
5. method according to claim 2 is characterized in that: for the test of manipulated soil, this permeability apparatus not only can carry out permeability test, can also directly increase the Piston Compression soil sample in the permeability apparatus tube.
6. method according to claim 2 is characterized in that: operation steps is:
Soil sample is pulverized, dry, carry out the remoulded sample preparation, earlier soil sample is weighed by the compaction in layers method, be divided into several parts, first puts into tube earlier, is pressed onto certain volume by piston, add second portion soil again, calculate good volume up to being pressed onto, the preparation of soil sample is finished; At last, carry out the permeability test of soil sample.
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Cited By (22)
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| CN101915724A (en) * | 2010-08-20 | 2010-12-15 | 河海大学 | Device and method for measuring permeability coefficient of rock material under action of seepage-stress coupling |
| CN101963571A (en) * | 2010-09-21 | 2011-02-02 | 同济大学 | Indoor detection method for treatment effect of cement soil barrier isolation method |
| CN102323393A (en) * | 2011-08-22 | 2012-01-18 | 同济大学 | Double-lever high-temperature, high-pressure and unsaturated consolidometer |
| CN102411017A (en) * | 2011-07-25 | 2012-04-11 | 太原理工大学 | TDR (time domain reflection) testing device for testing soil column and using method thereof |
| CN102706711A (en) * | 2012-06-13 | 2012-10-03 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Geotechnical-engineering centrifugal model saturation device |
| CN103364415A (en) * | 2012-03-30 | 2013-10-23 | 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 | Determination method for soil moisture in freeze thawing process of soil |
| CN103868838A (en) * | 2014-02-24 | 2014-06-18 | 同济大学 | Soil permeability coefficient measurement system |
| CN104792677A (en) * | 2015-03-18 | 2015-07-22 | 同济大学 | Concrete structure anti-permeability quantitative design method with consideration of load effect |
| CN105866177A (en) * | 2016-03-30 | 2016-08-17 | 中国农业大学 | Soil probe for detecting water of soil based on time domain transmission |
| CN106053317A (en) * | 2016-06-13 | 2016-10-26 | 同济大学 | Unsaturated garbage soil bidirectional gas permeability coefficient determinator |
| CN106546526A (en) * | 2016-11-25 | 2017-03-29 | 太原理工大学 | Multidimensional gas permeability measurement instrument and measuring method |
| CN106855527A (en) * | 2016-12-13 | 2017-06-16 | 浙江大学 | One kind permeates up the coaxial test barrel caliberating devices of method TDR and scaling method |
| CN107300521A (en) * | 2017-07-12 | 2017-10-27 | 广西大学 | The assay method and measure device of swelled ground cracking water content |
| CN107478681A (en) * | 2017-07-31 | 2017-12-15 | 宁夏大学 | A kind of soil water-containing quantity measuring method based on time-domain reflectomer |
| CN108279190A (en) * | 2018-04-27 | 2018-07-13 | 福州大学 | Solute exchanges simulator and its application method between soil macropore domain and matrix domain |
| CN108692973A (en) * | 2018-05-29 | 2018-10-23 | 太原理工大学 | A kind of drilling TDR device and methods suitable for special undisturbed soil |
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2009
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101915724A (en) * | 2010-08-20 | 2010-12-15 | 河海大学 | Device and method for measuring permeability coefficient of rock material under action of seepage-stress coupling |
| CN101963571A (en) * | 2010-09-21 | 2011-02-02 | 同济大学 | Indoor detection method for treatment effect of cement soil barrier isolation method |
| CN102411017A (en) * | 2011-07-25 | 2012-04-11 | 太原理工大学 | TDR (time domain reflection) testing device for testing soil column and using method thereof |
| CN102411017B (en) * | 2011-07-25 | 2013-11-13 | 太原理工大学 | TDR (time domain reflection) testing device for testing soil column and using method thereof |
| CN102323393A (en) * | 2011-08-22 | 2012-01-18 | 同济大学 | Double-lever high-temperature, high-pressure and unsaturated consolidometer |
| CN103364415A (en) * | 2012-03-30 | 2013-10-23 | 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 | Determination method for soil moisture in freeze thawing process of soil |
| CN102706711A (en) * | 2012-06-13 | 2012-10-03 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Geotechnical-engineering centrifugal model saturation device |
| CN102706711B (en) * | 2012-06-13 | 2014-04-02 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Geotechnical-engineering centrifugal model saturation device |
| CN103868838B (en) * | 2014-02-24 | 2016-04-06 | 同济大学 | Soil body osmotic coefficient measuring system |
| CN103868838A (en) * | 2014-02-24 | 2014-06-18 | 同济大学 | Soil permeability coefficient measurement system |
| CN104792677A (en) * | 2015-03-18 | 2015-07-22 | 同济大学 | Concrete structure anti-permeability quantitative design method with consideration of load effect |
| CN104792677B (en) * | 2015-03-18 | 2018-10-26 | 同济大学 | A kind of impervious quantifying design method of concrete structure considering load action |
| CN105866177A (en) * | 2016-03-30 | 2016-08-17 | 中国农业大学 | Soil probe for detecting water of soil based on time domain transmission |
| CN105866177B (en) * | 2016-03-30 | 2019-03-26 | 中国农业大学 | A kind of soil probe of the soil moisture measurement based on time-domain transmission |
| CN106053317A (en) * | 2016-06-13 | 2016-10-26 | 同济大学 | Unsaturated garbage soil bidirectional gas permeability coefficient determinator |
| CN106546526B (en) * | 2016-11-25 | 2018-12-25 | 太原理工大学 | Multidimensional gas permeability measurement instrument and measurement method |
| CN106546526A (en) * | 2016-11-25 | 2017-03-29 | 太原理工大学 | Multidimensional gas permeability measurement instrument and measuring method |
| CN106855527A (en) * | 2016-12-13 | 2017-06-16 | 浙江大学 | One kind permeates up the coaxial test barrel caliberating devices of method TDR and scaling method |
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| CN110196255A (en) * | 2019-06-06 | 2019-09-03 | 长沙理工大学 | The pressure plate apparatus and its measurement method of rapid survey soil-water characteristic curve |
| CN111337542A (en) * | 2020-04-10 | 2020-06-26 | 中南大学 | Method and device for monitoring osmotic absorption force in heavy metal polluted site by time domain reflection method |
| CN111337542B (en) * | 2020-04-10 | 2021-05-14 | 中南大学 | Method and device for monitoring osmotic absorption force in heavy metal polluted site by time domain reflection method |
| CN111487297A (en) * | 2020-04-24 | 2020-08-04 | 中南大学 | Method and device for measuring suction force of polluted soil body and concentration of pore solution |
| CN111487297B (en) * | 2020-04-24 | 2021-03-30 | 中南大学 | Method and device for measuring suction force of polluted soil body and concentration of pore solution |
| CN111504874B (en) * | 2020-04-28 | 2022-06-10 | 南京工业大学 | Saturated and unsaturated soil and water characteristic parameter testing device and experimental method |
| CN111504874A (en) * | 2020-04-28 | 2020-08-07 | 南京工业大学 | Saturated and unsaturated soil and water characteristic parameter testing device and experimental method |
| CN111896445A (en) * | 2020-07-03 | 2020-11-06 | 重庆交通大学 | Device and method for testing hydraulic parameters and flow potential of multi-state soil-rock mixture |
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| CN113447413A (en) * | 2021-05-19 | 2021-09-28 | 中国电建集团西北勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Unsaturated loess osmotic coefficient curve testing arrangement of steerable stress condition |
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Application publication date: 20100616 |