CN101736194B - Wheel steel and preparation method as well as wheel thereof - Google Patents
Wheel steel and preparation method as well as wheel thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a wheel steel which contains the following chemical components measured by simple substances on the basis of the total weight of the wheel steel: 0.07-0.12wt% of C, 0.01-0.15wt% of Si, 1.1-1.3wt% of Mn, 0.01-0.04wt% of Ti, 0.001-0.004wt% of Ca, 0.015-0.065wt% of acid-soluble Al, not larger than 0.025wt% of P, not larger than 0.015wt% of S and 97.31-98.87wt% of Fe. The invention also provides a preparation method of the wheel steel and a wheel, wherein the wheel is made of the wheel steel provided by the invention. The wheel steel provided by the invention has proper higher strength and toughness.
Description
Technical field
The wheel that the present invention relates to a kind of Wheel Steel and preparation method thereof and process by this Wheel Steel.
Background technology
Wheel is under the repeated stress effect as the vitals of vehicle ' for a long time, and its request for utilization Wheel Steel has high fatigue lifetime and cold shaping performance.Therefore, Wheel Steel also should have good plasticity and toughness except should having higher intensity.At present, domestic Baosteel, Wuhan Iron and Steel Plant, Anshan iron and steel plant, this steel, climb iron and steel enterprise such as steel and successively successfully develop used for automobile wheels hot-rolled steel sheet separately.To the used for automobile wheels hot-rolled steel sheet of tensile strength 440 MPa levels, except that climbing steel, other producer adopts the higher or Nb-microalloying production of carbon containing.Yet, undesirable for used for automobile wheels hot-rolled steel sheet processability and welding property that carbon containing is higher, cracking appears easily, and maybe need increase annealing operation and improve processability; Contain niobium used for automobile wheels hot-rolled steel sheet for employing, must adopt production technique under controlled rolling and controlled cooling and the low temperature, simultaneously its production unit is had higher requirement.Climb steel and adopt titanium micro-alloyedization production used for automobile wheels hot-rolled steel sheet, there are problems such as intensity and plasticity is on the low side in existing technology, and wherein, it is particularly outstanding that intensity is lower than standard min.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of have higher-strength and flexible Wheel Steel for the intensity and the lower defective of toughness of the Wheel Steel that overcomes prior art and provide.
Contriver of the present invention is surprised to find that and adds the content that Ca also suitably regulates Mn, the molten Al of acid and Ti simultaneously that the Wheel Steel of preparation has higher intensity and toughness.
The invention provides a kind of Wheel Steel; Wherein, This Wheel Steel contains following chemical ingredients: with this Wheel Steel gross weight is benchmark; In simple substance, Al0.015-0.065 weight %, P≤0.025 weight %, S≤0.015 weight %, Fe97.31-98.87 weight % are dissolved in C 0.07-0.12 weight %, Si 0.01-0.15 weight %, Mn1.1-13 weight %, Ti 0.01-0.04 weight %, Ca 0.001-0.004 weight %, acid.
The present invention also provides a kind of preparation method of Wheel Steel; Wherein, This method comprises smelting molten steel and external refining; Said smelting molten steel comprises blowing step and alloying step successively; In this alloying step, blacking, reductor, manganeseirom and ferro-titanium are joined in the molten iron, and make in the molten steel that this step obtains: with said molten steel gross weight is benchmark, C 0.05-0.11 weight %, Si0.009-0.014 weight %, Mn 1.0-1.25 weight %, Ti 0.009-0.03 weight %; When said external refining in adding aluminium, blacking, manganeseirom and the ferro-titanium one or more; Add silicon-calcium alloy and/or calcium-iron alloy afterwards; Make in the molten steel that this step obtains, the content of C, Si, Mn, Ti, Ca and the molten Al of acid is in the scope of Wheel Steel provided by the invention.
The present invention also provides a kind of wheel, and wherein, this wheel is processed by Wheel Steel provided by the present invention.
Wheel Steel provided by the invention has higher suitable intensity and toughness.The ys R of the Wheel Steel that provides of embodiment 1 for example
ELBe 440 MPas, tensile strength R
mBe 525 MPas, elongation A is 38%; And the ys R of the Wheel Steel that Comparative Examples 1 provides
ELBe 365 MPas, tensile strength R
mBe 465 MPas, elongation A is 34%.
The preparation method of Wheel Steel provided by the invention; Carbon content and process acid-soluble aluminum content through the control blow end point can guarantee that titanium is not by over oxidation in the molten steel; So that titanium exists in the steel of preparation with the form of simple substance or TiC, TiN, Ti (CN); Bring into play its excellent performance, add the content of Ca and the suitable Mn of adjusting simultaneously, make the Wheel Steel of preparation have higher intensity and toughness.
Embodiment
The invention provides a kind of Wheel Steel; Wherein, This Wheel Steel contains following chemical ingredients: with this Wheel Steel gross weight is benchmark; In simple substance, Al0.015-0.065 weight %, P≤0.025 weight %, S≤0.015 weight %, Fe97.31-98.87 weight % are dissolved in C 0.07-0.12 weight %, Si 0.01-0.15 weight %, Mn1.1-1.3 weight %, Ti 0.01-0.04 weight %, Ca 0.001-0.004 weight %, acid.In Wheel Steel of the present invention, also contain associated element or common impurity in the normal range, like N, V, Cu, Cr, Ni etc.The molten Al of so-called acid is meant can be by sour dissolved aluminium in the steel.Aluminium in the steel is divided into two kinds, and a kind of is the deoxidation products Al that has little time to float in the slag
2O
3In aluminium because Al
2O
3Can not be dissolved in the acid, so will be called sour insoluble aluminium with oxygen bonded aluminium, all the other can be called acid by sour dissolved aluminium dissolve aluminium, the sour aluminium that dissolves is used " Als " expression always, and molten aluminium of acid and sour insoluble aluminium sum are called full aluminium in the steel, and " Al " or " Alt " commonly used representes.The alleged acid of the present invention dissolve aluminium refer to as described above be present in the steel can be by sour dissolved aluminium (Als), the related statement that the amount of aluminium is dissolved in acid also refers to the above-mentioned amount that can be dissolved aluminium element in the aluminium by sour dissolved acid.The purpose that adds aluminium in the steel mainly is in order to remove the oxygen in the steel, to avoid in process of setting, forming non-metallic inclusion, and aluminium also has the effect of crystal grain thinning.The content that dissolves aluminium like tartaric acid is lower than 0.01 weight %, and then deoxidation effect is insufficient, and the content that dissolves aluminium like tartaric acid surpasses 0.1 weight %, and is then uneconomical, and unfavorable to the fatigue and the welding property of steel plate.Therefore, among the present invention aluminium is dissolved in acid and be controlled to be 0.015-0.065 weight %.
As preferred embodiment a kind of; Said Wheel Steel contains following chemical ingredients: with this Wheel Steel gross weight is benchmark, and Al 0.025-0.045 weight %, P≤0.020 weight %, S≤0.008 weight %, Fe98.53-98.69 weight % are dissolved in C 0.07-0.09 weight %, Si 0.04-0.10 weight %, Mn 1.15-1.25 weight %, Ti 0.015-0.025 weight %, Ca 0.002-0.003 weight %, acid.
The intensity of 440MPa level Wheel Steel provided by the invention is higher than the intensity of this intensity rank Wheel Steel that prior art provides, and for example, makes ys R
ELMore than average increase by 34 MPas, tensile strength R
mAverage increasing more than 26 MPas, elongation A on average increases more than 3% simultaneously.
The present invention also provides a kind of preparation method of Wheel Steel; Wherein, This method comprises smelting molten steel and external refining; Said smelting molten steel comprises blowing step and alloying step successively; In this alloying step, blacking, reductor, manganeseirom and ferro-titanium are joined in the molten iron, and make in the molten steel that this step obtains: with said molten steel gross weight is benchmark, C 0.05-0.11 weight %, Si0.009-0.014 weight %, Mn 1.0-1.25 weight %, Ti 0.009-0.03 weight %; When said external refining in adding aluminium, blacking, manganeseirom and the ferro-titanium one or more; Add silicon-calcium alloy and/or calcium-iron alloy afterwards; Make in the molten steel that this step obtains, the content of C, Si, Mn, Ti, Ca and the molten Al of acid is in the scope of Wheel Steel provided by the invention.Usually, the content of silicon of the present invention can be realized through the sila matter of adding as manganeseirom and ferro-titanium or silicon-calcium alloy contained; Under specific circumstances, extremely low like the silicone content in the raw material molten iron, and under the very low situation of alloy that adds such as the sila matter content in manganeseirom and ferro-titanium or the silicon-calcium alloy, can be through adding the realization of ferro-silicon or ferro-silico-manganese.
As preferred embodiment a kind of; In said alloying step, blacking, reductor, manganeseirom and ferro-titanium are joined in the molten iron; And make in the molten steel that this step obtains: with said molten steel gross weight is benchmark, C 0.065-0.085 weight %, Si 0.035-0.09 weight %, Mn 1.05-1.2 weight %, Ti 0.01-0.02 weight %; When external refining in adding aluminium, blacking, manganeseirom and the ferro-titanium one or more; Add silicon-calcium alloy and/or calcium-iron alloy afterwards; Make in the molten steel that this step obtains, the content of C, Si, Mn, Ti, Ca and the molten Al of acid is in the scope of Wheel Steel provided by the invention.
The control end point carbon carries out preliminary dexidation and alloying at 0.03-0.06 during tapping when said finishing blowing, adds blacking and regulates the carbon content in the said molten steel, makes carbon content in the molten steel meet the content of carbon in the Wheel Steel provided by the invention.Add manganeseirom (Fe-Mn) and ferro-titanium (Fe-Ti) and carry out alloying to regulate Mn and the content of Ti and the constituent structure of regulating Wheel Steel in the molten iron.Blacking and Fe-Mn and Fe-Ti can add simultaneously, preferably after adding blacking, add Fe-Mn and Fe-Ti successively.
For the content of controlling into stove molten iron P and S is less than or equal to respectively into 0.025% and 0.015% of stove molten iron gross weight, can adopt the molten iron smelting Wheel Steel behind desulfurization, the dephosphorization.
In order to control the degree of oxidation of molten steel, reduce the oxygen level in the molten steel, the reply blow end point is controlled, and is benchmark with molten iron gross weight in the blowing step, when the C of said blowing step terminal point is controlled at 0.03-0.06 weight %, stops blowing.Said blowing is that aerating oxygen makes some impurity in the molten iron in molten iron, like the process of carbon, phosphorus, silicon oxidation.Blowing is carried out according to the conventional method in this area.In addition; In order further to control the degree of oxidation of molten steel,, can before alloying, add reductor molten steel is handled as preferred embodiment a kind of; The add-on of said reductor can be the amount of being routinely added to of this area, is preferably 3.0-4.0 kg/ton molten steel.In Wheel Steel preparation method provided by the invention; It is below the 25ppm that addition through strictness control end point carbon and reductor makes the content of oxygen in molten steel; Make the oxidation that prevents titanium as far as possible, thereby guarantee that titanium has certain content in the Wheel Steel of preparation, and exist with in simple substance or titanium carbide, titanium nitride, the titanium carbonitride one or more; Rather than exist with the form of oxide compound or salt, to give full play to the function of titanium.Said reductor is the conventional reductor in this area, is preferably in aluminium, aluminium ferromanganese and the ferro-aluminum one or more.
Blacking of the present invention is a blacking well known in the art, is preferably in pitch coke, hard coal and the carbon dust one or more.
Said external refining can be the various known secondary refining method that can realize the object of the invention, like ladle oxygen blast scavenging (VOD method) and vacuum circulation degassing method (RH method) in ladle refining oven process (LF method), the vacuum tank.
The refining temperature of said external refining can be the temperature of routine, is preferably 1590-1625 ℃; The purified time can be the refining time of routine, is preferably 12-15 minute.When said external refining, measure the temperature of molten steel, and detect the concentration of the oxygen in the molten steel; Determine according to acid-soluble aluminum content in the molten steel or oxygen concn whether needs add aluminium.Add aluminium if desired; Then add aluminium; And one or more content to C, Si, Mn and Ti that add in blacking, manganeseirom and the ferro-titanium finely tune, and add Silcaz (Fe-Si-Ca) or Ca-Fe alloy (Fe-Ca) carries out further microalloying and inclusion modification is handled.In refining process, in order to make the various distributed components in the molten steel, and make inclusion floating, under the preferable case, stir molten steel.The mode of stirring molten steel can be the conventional any way in this area, and the preferred feeding argon gas that adopts stirs molten steel, and the intensity of logical argon gas is exposed with molten steel to be principle.In order to prevent the oxidation of metallic element in the external refining process, especially titanium elements, as preferred embodiment a kind of, can under vacuum condition, carry out described external refining, the vacuum tightness of said vacuum condition can be for being not more than 800 handkerchiefs.Said vacuum tightness is relative vacuum tightness, i.e. the difference of the air pressure in standard atmospheric pressure and the enclosed space.
Method provided by the invention is cast after also being included in said external refining, and casting can be carried out according to ordinary method.For example, can control molten steel overheat during casting is 15-30 ℃, is 1540-1565 ℃ like the temperature of molten steel; After the casting, can cool off, like water-cooled and naturally cooling at room temperature according to ordinary method.
Method provided by the invention is rolled after also being included in said casting, rolling can carrying out according to the method for routine of the present invention; As preferred embodiment a kind of, this method is cast after also being included in said external refining, under 1220-1250 ℃, heats 1.5-2 hour, is rolled then, and wherein, said rolling start rolling temperature remains on 980-1050 ℃.Finishing temperature-coiling temperature-can cool off according to ordinary method after rolling, preferably cooling off V-bar is 10.5-25.0 ℃/second.
The present invention also provides a kind of wheel, and wherein, this wheel is processed by Wheel Steel provided by the present invention.The preparation method of wheel is any method for preparing wheel as well known to those skilled in the art.
Embodiment 1-6:
These embodiment are used to explain Wheel Steel provided by the invention.
(1) smelting molten steel:
Adopt desulphurised hot metal to smelt Wheel Steel, in C content in the molten steel is tapped ladle when 0.03-0.08 weight % (the concrete numerical value of each embodiment control is as shown in table 1) immediately.Earlier add 50 kilograms reductor aluminium block during tapping at ladle bottom; Add reductor aluminium ferromanganese or ferro-aluminum (the Anyang anti-material of permanent prosperous metallurgy ltd) then; Oxygen concn in the control molten steel is below the 25ppm; Carbon Fe-Mn during tapping 1/3 back adds in ladle (the Anyang anti-material of permanent prosperous metallurgy ltd) and Fe-Ti (Beihai special Ferroalloy Co., Ltd., Panzhihua Iron and Steel Group or Flos Bombacis Malabarici gold titanium mountain industry and trade Ltd) carry out the alloying of Mn, Ti element; Add pitch coke (Flos Bombacis Malabarici Yangcheng metallurgic auxiliary materials ltd) again or hard coal (Flos Bombacis Malabarici Yangcheng metallurgic auxiliary materials ltd) carries out carburetting; The content of each composition in the control molten steel; Gross weight with molten steel is a benchmark, C 0.05-0.11 weight %, Si 0.009-0.014 weight %, Mn 1.0-1.25 weight %, Ti 0.009-0.03 weight % (the concrete numerical value of each embodiment control is as shown in table 1).
(2) external refining: molten steel is heated to 1590-1625 ℃ through the LF stove; Omnidistance Argon; And according to molten Al content of acid in the molten steel or oxygen concn benefit hello Al line (Flos Bombacis Malabarici Yangcheng metallurgic auxiliary materials ltd); Add an amount of carbon dust (Flos Bombacis Malabarici Yangcheng metallurgic auxiliary materials ltd), Fe-Mn (the Anyang anti-material of permanent prosperous metallurgy ltd) according to C, Mn content; Feed silicon-calcium line (Flos Bombacis Malabarici Yangcheng metallurgic auxiliary materials ltd) or calcium-iron wire (Flos Bombacis Malabarici Yangcheng metallurgic auxiliary materials ltd) again to control the content of each composition after having fed aluminum steel; Gross weight with molten steel is a benchmark, and Al 0.015-0.065 weight %, P≤0.025 weight %, S≤0.015 weight %, Fe97.31-98.87 weight % are dissolved in C 0.07-0.12 weight %, Si 0.01-0.15 weight %, Mn 1.1-1.3 weight %, Ti 0.01-0.04 weight %, Ca 0.001-0.004 weight %, acid; Molten steel treatment time 12-15 branch, liquid steel temperature are 1590-1625 ℃; The concrete numerical value of each embodiment control is as shown in table 1.
(3) casting: the molten steel casting temperature is controlled between 1540-1565 ℃.
(4) billet rolling: 200 * (750-1300) * 11000 millimeters continuous casting steel billet is delivered to 1450 millimeters hot continuous mills be rolled.Earlier continuous casting steel billet is heated to 1220 ℃-1250 ℃, heated 1.5-2 hour, steel billet is heated evenly; The breaking down of coming out of the stove is that 30 millimeters-40 millimeters intermediate slab is carried out hot rolling with thickness again; Make the finish rolling start rolling temperature remain on 980 ℃-1050 ℃; Make finishing temperature remain on 850 ℃-890 ℃; Make that to roll the back average cooling rate be 10.5 ℃/s-25.0 ℃/s; According to finished product thickness, make coiling temperature remain on 590 ℃-660 ℃.The technology controlling and process value of test steel in the operation of rolling seen table 2, and the concrete numerical value of each embodiment control is as shown in table 2.
The detection method of each composition is respectively carbon steel and middle-low alloy steel spark source Atomic Emission Spectral Analysis method, and national standard is GB/T4336.The detection method of oxygen level is pulse heating inert gas fusion-infrared absorption, and national standard is GB/T11261.
Comparative Examples 1
This Comparative Examples is used to the Wheel Steel of explaining that prior art provides.
(1) smelting molten steel: carry out according to embodiment 1-6 step (1), different is that each composition is as shown in table 1, and the oxygen concn in the molten steel is 35ppm.
(2) external refining: carry out according to embodiment 1-6 step (2), different is, the carbon dust of adding, Fe-Mn are to control the content of each composition, and making the gross weight with molten steel is benchmark, and C, Si, Mn and Ti are respectively 0.09%, 0.03%, 0.97% and 0.01%; Do not add Silcaz or Ca-Fe alloy.
(3) casting: carry out according to embodiment 1-6 step (3).
(4) billet rolling: carry out according to embodiment 1-6 step (4).
The detection method of each composition is carried out according to the method for embodiment 1-6.
Performance test
The coiled sheet of embodiment 1-6 and Comparative Examples 1 preparation is carried out measuring mechanical property, and wherein, tensile property carries out according to GB/T228 metallic substance tensile test at room temperature method, detects ys ReL respectively, tensile strength Rm and elongation A.Method according to GB/T232 detects clod wash, and the result of detection is listed in the table 3.
Table 2
| Sequence number | Tapping temperature ℃ | Intermediate slab thickness millimeter | Start rolling temperature ℃ | Finishing temperature ℃ | Coiling temperature ℃ | The rolling thickness millimeter |
| Embodiment 1 | 1201 | 33 | 1017 | 866 | 631 | 3.9 |
| Comparative Examples 1 | 1224 | 33 | 993 | 879 | 638 | 4.0 |
| Embodiment 2 | 1213 | 33 | 1021 | 871 | 640 | 3.85 |
| Embodiment 3 | 1219 | 33 | 1016 | 865 | 631 | 4.0 |
| Embodiment 4 | 1228 | 33 | 996 | 854 | 631 | 4.0 |
| Embodiment 5 | 1227 | 33 | 1002 | 868 | 627 | 4.0 |
| Embodiment 6 | 1228 | 33 | 982 | 852 | 629 | 4.0 |
Table 3
Can find out from table 3: Wheel Steel provided by the invention is compared with the Wheel Steel that prior art provides, and its intensity and toughness significantly improve.For example, the ys R of the Wheel Steel that provides of embodiment 1
ELBe 440 MPas, tensile strength R
mBe 525 MPas, elongation A is 38%; And the ys R of the Wheel Steel that Comparative Examples 1 provides
ELBe 365 MPas, tensile strength R
mBe 465 MPas, elongation A is 34%.
Claims (6)
1. the preparation method of a Wheel Steel; It is characterized in that; The chemical constitution of this Wheel Steel is: with this Wheel Steel gross weight is benchmark; In simple substance; Al0.015-0.065 weight %, P≤0.025 weight %, S≤0.015 weight %, Fe 97.31-98.87 weight % are dissolved in C 0.07-0.12 weight %, Si 0.01-0.15 weight %, Mn 1.1-1.3 weight %, Ti 0.01-0.04 weight %, Ca 0.001-0.004 weight %, acid, and wherein, said Wheel Steel prepares through following method: said method comprises casts after smelting molten steel and external refining, the external refining and rolling; Said smelting molten steel comprises blowing step and alloying step successively; In this alloying step, blacking, reductor, manganeseirom and ferro-titanium are joined in the molten iron, and make in the molten steel that this step obtains: with said molten steel gross weight is benchmark, C0.05-0.11 weight %, Si 0.009-0.014 weight %, Mn 1.0-1.25 weight %, Ti 0.009-0.03 weight %; When said external refining; In adding aluminium, blacking, manganeseirom and the ferro-titanium one or more add silicon-calcium alloy and/or calcium-iron alloy afterwards, make in the molten steel that this step obtains; The content of C, Si, Mn, Ti, Ca and the molten Al of acid is in the content range of above-mentioned Wheel Steel; Wherein, be benchmark with molten iron gross weight in the blowing step, the C of said blowing step terminal point is controlled at 0.03-0.06 weight %; Carry out casting ladle after the said external refining and draw together and under 1220-1250 ℃, heated 1.5-2 hour, be rolled then, wherein, said rolling start rolling temperature remains on 980-1050 ℃, and finishing temperature remains on 850-890 ℃.
2. method according to claim 1; Wherein, the chemical constitution of said Wheel Steel is: Al 0.025-0.045 weight %, P≤0.020 weight %, S≤0.008 weight %, Fe 98.53-98.69 weight % are dissolved in C0.07-0.09 weight %, Si 0.04-0.10 weight %, Mn 1.15-1.25 weight %, Ti 0.015-0.025 weight %, Ca 0.002-0.003 weight %, acid.
3. method according to claim 2; Wherein, In said alloying step, blacking, reductor, manganeseirom and ferro-titanium are joined in the molten iron; And make in the molten steel that this step obtains: with said molten steel gross weight is benchmark, C 0.065-0.085 weight %, Si 0.035-0.09 weight %, Mn 1.05-1.2 weight %, Ti 0.01-0.02 weight %; When external refining; In adding aluminium, blacking, manganeseirom and the ferro-titanium one or more; Add silicon-calcium alloy and/or calcium-iron alloy afterwards; Make in the molten steel that this step obtains, the content that Al is dissolved in C, Si, Mn, Ti, Ca and acid is in the content range of the Wheel Steel that the described method of claim 2 makes.
4. according to claim 1 or 3 described methods, wherein, the concentration of control oxygen is below the 25ppm in said alloying step.
5. according to claim 1 or 3 described methods, wherein, said blacking is one or more in pitch coke, hard coal and the carbon dust.
6. according to claim 1 or 3 described methods, wherein, said external refining is carried out under vacuum condition.
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| CN102230069B (en) * | 2011-06-24 | 2013-04-03 | 北京科技大学 | Heat treatment process for toughening wheel steel |
| CN102242315B (en) * | 2011-07-06 | 2014-03-26 | 北京科技大学 | Oxide metallurgy method for refining structure of wheel steel |
| CN102363855B (en) * | 2011-09-07 | 2013-05-01 | 北京科技大学 | Method for improving susceptibility of flake formation of wheel steel by using second phase in steel |
| CN105088070A (en) * | 2015-06-24 | 2015-11-25 | 河北钢铁股份有限公司承德分公司 | Method for producing 380MPa-grade wheel steel |
| CN107354379A (en) * | 2017-08-14 | 2017-11-17 | 包头钢铁（集团）有限责任公司 | One kind 3 ~ 6mm 590MPa level hot rolling wheel steels and its production method |
| CN107557682A (en) * | 2017-08-14 | 2018-01-09 | 包头钢铁（集团）有限责任公司 | One kind 3 ~ 6mm 540MPa level hot rolling wheel steels and its production method |
| CN110029207A (en) * | 2019-04-04 | 2019-07-19 | 本钢板材股份有限公司 | A kind of deoxidation in steel making method in RH furnace refining process |
| CN109929963A (en) * | 2019-04-04 | 2019-06-25 | 本钢板材股份有限公司 | A kind of deoxidation in steel making method in LF furnace refining process |
| CN115572902B (en) * | 2022-09-30 | 2023-08-22 | 吉林建龙钢铁有限责任公司 | Integrated steel for wheel hub and preparation method thereof |
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| CN1561403A (en) * | 2002-09-04 | 2005-01-05 | 杰富意钢铁株式会社 | Steel material for high heat input welding and its manufacturing method |
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