CN101735613B - Porous polymer nanoparticle and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Porous polymer nanoparticle and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101735613B CN101735613B CN200910216645A CN200910216645A CN101735613B CN 101735613 B CN101735613 B CN 101735613B CN 200910216645 A CN200910216645 A CN 200910216645A CN 200910216645 A CN200910216645 A CN 200910216645A CN 101735613 B CN101735613 B CN 101735613B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a porous polymer nanoparticle and a preparation method thereof. The method is characterized by adding 10-200 parts of polymers, 0-200 parts of additives and 300-1000 parts of solvents by weight into a dissolution kettle with a stirrer and a thermometer, stirring to dissolve the mixture at 30-100 DEG C and obtaining polymer solution through defoaming and aging; and placing the polymer solution into an electrostatic field under 5-25KV to prepare the porous nanoparticle through electrostatic spraying. Smooth split of the nanoparticle is realized by a frozen breaking method, thus achieving the aims of minute observation, research and control of the inside structure of the nanoparticle. Electron microscope scanning test result shows that the diameter of the nanoparticleis distributed from hundreds of nanometers to thousands of nanometers, and the nanoparticle matrices are all of porous structure. The porous nanoparticles in the shapes of balls, red blood cells and round lanterns can be prepared by changing the technological conditions. The nanoparticle has the advantages of small diameter, large specific surface area and controllable surface and inside structure and is used in such fields as drug release, catalyst carriers, chemical sensors, biomolecule analysis, gas chromatography, ion exchange and polymerization carriers.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of porous polymer nanoparticle and preparation method thereof, belong to the preparation field of porous nano micro-sphere material.
Background technology:
Polymer microsphere be meant diameter at nano level to micron order, be shaped as the macromolecular material or the polymer composite of sphere or other geometrical shapies.Its pattern can be diversified, comprises solid, hollow, porous, dumbbell shape, onion type etc.Because its special size and pattern, polymeric microball material possesses the not available specific function of other materials, has been widely used in fields such as nanotechnology, biological chemistry, electronic information, drug release.
The method for preparing polymer microsphere is a lot, can roughly be divided into two kinds: a kind of is to be the method for preparing microsphere of raw material with the monomer, like emulsion polymerization, emulsifier-free emulsion polymerization method, dispersion copolymerization method etc.; Another kind is to be the method for preparing microsphere of raw material with the polymer, like emulsion-solidification method, single coacervation, complex coacervation etc.And along with the R and D to nanofiber, electrostatic spinning technique is able to rise, and begins to be applied to polymeric microball material and prepare up.At present; Existing investigator adopts Electrostatic Spray Technology to prepare polymer microsphere, and microsphere surface pore-forming mechanism and surface topography have been carried out studying (document 1.Y qWu, Robert L.Clark.Controllable porous polymer particles generated by electrospraying.Journal of Colloid and Interface Science; 2007; 310:529-535. document 2.B Cory, W P Daniel, KKevin.Controlling surface nano-structure using flow-Iimited field-injection electrostaticspraying (FFESS) of poly (d; L-lactide-co-glycolide) .Biomaterials; 2004,25:5649-5658.), compare with traditional method for preparing microsphere; Electrostatic spraying prepares polymer microballoon and has the following advantages: equipment is simple, and is low to the preparation environmental requirement; Thereby microballoon itself has static charge and can well disperse and can not reunite.
Want microballoon in real the playing a role of its Application Areas; Must realize the controlled of micro-sphere structure; The present invention then provides the method for control micro-sphere structure, adopts the porous nano microballoon of this method preparation, and its diameter is nanometer or micron order; Add the vesicular structure of itself; Its specific surface area is increased greatly, thereby have higher surfactivity, have a wide range of applications at aspects such as efficient chemistry and biological adsorption and separation material, catalytic carrier, efficient transmitter, tissue engineering bracket, cell and drug molecule carrier, IX, matrix material enhancings.In addition, the present invention also provides the method and the means of the prepared Nano microsphere of a kind of fragmentation, is beneficial to realize observation, control and the research to this Nano microsphere structure.
Summary of the invention:
The objective of the invention is to the deficiency of prior art and a kind of porous nano microballoon and preparation method thereof is provided.Be characterized in polymkeric substance is configured to solution, make Nano microsphere, and cut microballoon, change processing condition and can obtain the structure microballoon different with pattern with the freezing crushing method through electrostatic spraying.It is convenient to have preparation, advantages such as easy operation.
The object of the invention is realized that by following technical measures wherein said raw material umber is parts by weight except that specified otherwise.
Porous polymer nanoparticle is composed of the following components:
10～200 parts in polymkeric substance
0～200 part of additive
300～1000 parts of solvents
Polymkeric substance is polyaryl thioether sulfone, poly arylidene thio-ester sulfonamide, poly arylidene thio-ester sulfonamide acid amides, polyethersulfone, polysulfones, polybenzimidazole, chitosan, gather at least a in d-lactic acid and thymus nucleic acid and the multipolymer thereof.
Additive is any in sodium-chlor, calcium chloride, Z 150PH, polyoxyethylene glycol or the SEPIGEL 305.
Solvent is DMSO 99.8MIN., N-Methyl pyrrolidone, N, at least a in dinethylformamide and the DMAC N,N.
The preparation method of porous polymer nanoparticle may further comprise the steps:
1. the preparation of polymers soln
With 10～200 parts in polymkeric substance; 0～200 part of additive; 300～1000 parts of solvents; Adding has in the dissolution kettle of whisking appliance, TM, in 30～100 ℃ of stirring and dissolving of temperature.Vacuum tightness 0.05～0.4MPa deaeration 1～2 hour, polymers soln was processed in slaking 12 hours;
2. the preparation of porous polymer nanoparticle
Above-mentioned solution is ejected into non-solvent through electrostatic spraying to be received in the bath; Stir, the curing through immersion precipitation phase inversion process completion microballoon has obtained porous polymer nanoparticle; Wherein receive 10～50 ℃ of bath temperatures; Ambient moisture is 50～95%, and spray voltage is 5～25kv, and spray distance is 1～10cm; To the inside of microballoon and the control of surface tissue, be to realize through the kind that the kind of additive and content, solvent types, reception are bathed, the regulation and control that receive temperature, electrostatic spraying voltage and the receiving range of bathing;
3. the aftertreatment of microballoon
Above-mentioned microballoon is placed the Suo Shi extraction plant, carry out extracting, to remove solvent and the additive in the microballoon, obtain the porous polymer nanoparticle finished product at 90～95 ℃ of following extracting 2～6h of temperature with deionized water;
4. the microballoon section produces
Above-mentioned microballoon is dispersed in the deionized water, under the effect of ultrasonic concussion, is prepared into suspension liquid, wherein, hyperacoustic power is 500W, and frequency is 40KHz; Use liquid nitrogen that this suspension liquid quick freezing is become black ice then, black ice adopts size reduction machinery to be broken into powder fast, and thawing can obtain pattern after air-dry and structure all keeps microballoon section preferably naturally.
Non-solvent accept to be bathed and to be water, ethanol, the aqueous solution of N-Methyl pyrrolidone, N, at least a in the aqueous solution of the aqueous solution of dinethylformamide, the aqueous solution of DMAC N,N and DMSO 99.8MIN..
Porous polymer nanoparticle is used for drug release, support of the catalyst, chemical sensor, biomolecule analysis, gas chromatographic analysis, IX and polyreaction carrier field.
Performance test
Adopt the electronic scanning Electronic Speculum to characterize above-mentioned microballoon and microballoon section, characterization result shows that microballoon has 3 kinds of patterns: spheroidal, red corpuscle shape, red light cage type; Microballoon inside is vesicular structure, and structure and pattern are different; Electronic scanning Electronic Speculum characterization result shows that microsphere surface and internal structure thereof have realized effective control, see for details shown in Fig. 1～5.
The present invention has following advantage:
1. present device is simple, and is easy to operate, little to environmental factor dependence, and itself has static charge microballoon, can well disperse and can not reunite.
2. adopt simple and economical method to cut microballoon, realized scrutiny and control, the new research polyalcohol stephanoporate microballoons internal structure and the method for pattern are provided simultaneously the microballoon internal structure.
3. control the surface tissue and the internal structure of microballoon, for subsequent applications is laid a good foundation.
4. solvent used in the present invention and non-solvent is nontoxic or low toxicity has reduced the injury to human body.
5. excellent good solubility-resistence can: other porous microsphere the solvent environment that can't exist: like acetate, hexane, trieline, toluene, vinylacetic acid etc., and the special engineered porous polymer nanoparticle among the present invention still can use.
6. high thermal resistance: the special engineered porous polymer nanoparticle among the present invention can use under hot environment.
7. biological activity: the bio-medical porous polymer nanoparticle among the present invention has a wide range of applications in fields such as biotechnology, medical slowly-releasings.
8. bigger specific surface area and activity: the porous polymer nanoparticle diameter among the present invention is a nano level, adds that through the vesicular structure of microballoon matrix, its surface-area is higher than general porous microsphere far away, has bigger surfactivity.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is for being shaped as the spherical porous microsphere shape appearance figure of standard round
Fig. 2 is for being shaped as red corpuscle shape porous microsphere shape appearance figure
Fig. 3 is for being shaped as round bird-caging porous microsphere shape appearance figure
Fig. 4,5 is microballoon cross-section morphology figure
Embodiment
Through embodiment the present invention is specifically described below; Be necessary that being pointed out that at this that present embodiment only is useful on further specifies the present invention; Can not be interpreted as the restriction to protection domain of the present invention, the person skilled in the art in this field can make some nonessential improvement and adjustment according to the content of the invention described above.
Embodiment 1: the preparation of PPSS porous nano microballoon:
PPSS 10g, N-Methyl pyrrolidone 300g are added and have in the dissolution kettle of whisking appliance, TM, and in 100 ℃ of stirring and dissolving of temperature, vacuum tightness 0.3MPa deaeration 1 hour, EFI solution was processed in slaking 12 hours.The aqueous solution that is ejected into N-Methyl pyrrolidone through electrostatic spraying receives in the bath, stirs, and the curing through immersion precipitation phase inversion process completion microballoon has obtained PPSS porous nano microballoon.Wherein receive 10 ℃ of bath temperatures, ambient moisture is 50%, and spray voltage is 10kv, and spray distance is 10cm.Above-mentioned microballoon is placed the Suo Shi extraction plant, carry out extracting, to remove the solvent in the microballoon, obtain PPSS porous nano finished microballoon products at 90 ℃ of extracting 4h of temperature with deionized water.
Embodiment 2: the preparation of polyphenylene sulfide sulfonamide porous nano microballoon:
Polyphenylene sulfide sulfonamide 50g, sodium-chlor 5g and N-Methyl pyrrolidone 500g add and have in the dissolution kettle of whisking appliance, TM, stir swelling for 30 ℃ in temperature, and until dissolving, vacuum tightness 0.1MPa deaeration 2 hours, EFI solution was processed in slaking 12 hours.The aqueous solution that is ejected into DMSO 99.8MIN. through electrostatic spraying receives in the bath, stirs, and the curing through immersion precipitation phase inversion process completion microballoon has obtained polyphenylene sulfide sulfonamide porous nano microballoon.Wherein receive 50 ℃ of bath temperatures, ambient moisture is 76%, and spray voltage is 15kv, and spray distance is 1cm.Above-mentioned microballoon is placed the Suo Shi extraction plant, carry out extracting, to remove solvent and the additive in the microballoon, obtain polyphenylene sulfide sulfonamide porous nano finished microballoon products at 95 ℃ of extracting 6h of temperature with deionized water.
Embodiment 3: the preparation of polyphenylene sulfide sulfonamide acid amides porous nano microballoon:
Polyphenylene sulfide sulfonamide acid amides 100g, calcium chloride 15g and DMAC N,N 900g adding are had in the dissolution kettle of whisking appliance, TM, and in 50 ℃ of stirring and dissolving of temperature, vacuum tightness 0.1MPa deaeration 2 hours, EFI solution was processed in slaking 12 hours.The mixing solutions that is ejected into the second alcohol and water through electrostatic spraying receives in the bath, stirs, and the curing through immersion precipitation phase inversion process completion microballoon has obtained polyphenylene sulfide sulfonamide acid amides porous nano microballoon.Wherein receive 40 ℃ of bath temperatures, ambient moisture is 95%, and spray voltage is 25kv, and spray distance is 4cm.Above-mentioned microballoon is placed the Suo Shi extraction plant, carry out extracting, to remove solvent and the additive in the microballoon, obtain polyphenylene sulfide sulfonamide acid amides porous nano finished microballoon products at 90 ℃ of following extracting 4h of temperature with deionized water.
Embodiment 4: the preparation of polyethersulfone porous nano microballoon:
Polyethersulfone 200g, DMSO 99.8MIN. 700g and N-N N 200g adding are had in the dissolution kettle of whisking appliance, TM, and in 90 ℃ of stirring and dissolving of temperature, vacuum tightness 0.4MPa deaeration 1 hour, EFI solution was processed in slaking 12 hours.Be ejected into ethanol through electrostatic spraying and receive in the bath, stir, the curing through immersion precipitation phase inversion process completion microballoon has obtained polyethersulfone porous nano microballoon.Wherein receive 30 ℃ of bath temperatures, ambient moisture is 82%, and spray voltage is 5kv, and spray distance is 6cm.Above-mentioned microballoon is placed the Suo Shi extraction plant, carry out extracting, to remove the solvent in the microballoon, obtain polyethersulfone porous nano finished microballoon products, see accompanying drawing 1 at 90 ℃ of extracting 4h of temperature with deionized water.
Embodiment 5: the preparation of polysulfones porous nano microballoon:
With polysulfones (PSF) 100g, SEPIGEL 305 30g and N, dinethylformamide 900g adds and has in the dissolution kettle of whisking appliance, TM, and in 70 ℃ of stirring and dissolving of temperature, vacuum tightness 0.4MPa deaeration 2 hours, EFI solution was processed in slaking 12 hours.Be sprayed onto N through electrostatic spraying, the aqueous solution of dinethylformamide stirs in receiving and bathing, and the curing through immersion precipitation phase inversion process completion microballoon has obtained polysulfones porous nano microballoon.Wherein receive 40 ℃ of bath temperatures, ambient moisture is 90%, and spray voltage is 20kv, and spray distance is 7cm.Above-mentioned microballoon is placed the Suo Shi extraction plant, carry out extracting, to remove solvent and the additive in the microballoon, obtain polysulfones porous nano finished microballoon products at 90 ℃ of extracting 6h of temperature with deionized water.
Embodiment 6: the preparation of red corpuscle shape porous nano microballoon:
Polyethersulfone 200g, Macrogol 200 g and DMSO 99.8MIN. 1000g adding are had in the dissolution kettle of whisking appliance, TM, and in 60 ℃ of stirring and dissolving of temperature, vacuum tightness 0.3MPa deaeration 2 hours, EFI solution was processed in slaking 12 hours.Be ejected into water-bath through electrostatic spraying and receive in the bath, stir, the curing through immersion precipitation phase inversion process completion microballoon has obtained red corpuscle shape porous nano microballoon.Wherein receive 30 ℃ of bath temperatures, ambient moisture is 69%, and spray voltage is 10kv, and spray distance is 5cm.Above-mentioned microballoon is placed the Suo Shi extraction plant, carry out extracting, to remove solvent and the additive in the microballoon, obtain red corpuscle shape porous nano finished microballoon products, see accompanying drawing 2 at 95 ℃ of extracting 6h of temperature with deionized water.
Embodiment 7: the preparation of circle bird-caging porous nano microballoon:
Polyethersulfone 100g, Z 150PH 25g and DMSO 99.8MIN. 1000g adding are had in the dissolution kettle of whisking appliance, TM, and in 80 ℃ of stirring and dissolving of temperature, vacuum tightness 0.05MPa deaeration 2 hours, EFI solution was processed in slaking 12 hours.Be ejected into water-bath through electrostatic spraying and receive in the bath, stir, the curing through immersion precipitation phase inversion process completion microballoon has obtained round bird-caging porous nano microballoon.Wherein receive 30 ℃ of bath temperatures, ambient moisture is 83%, and spray voltage is 10kv, and spray distance is 6cm.Above-mentioned microballoon is placed the Suo Shi extraction plant, carry out extracting, to remove solvent and the additive in the microballoon, obtain circle bird-caging porous nano finished microballoon products, see accompanying drawing 3 at 91 ℃ of extracting 6h of temperature with deionized water.
Embodiment 8: the preparation of chitosan/polyethersulfone porous nano microballoon:
With chitosan 100g, polyethersulfone 80g and N, dinethylformamide 1000g adds and has in the dissolution kettle of whisking appliance, TM, and in 80 ℃ of stirring and dissolving of temperature, vacuum tightness 0.1MPa deaeration 2 hours, EFI solution was processed in slaking 12 hours.Be ejected into water-bath through electrostatic spraying and receive in the bath, stir, the curing through immersion precipitation phase inversion process completion microballoon has obtained chitosan/polyethersulfone porous nano microballoon.Wherein receive 40 ℃ of bath temperatures, ambient moisture is 86%, and spray voltage is 15kv, and spray distance is 6cm.Above-mentioned microballoon is placed the Suo Shi extraction plant, carry out extracting, to remove the solvent in the microballoon, obtain chitosan/polyethersulfone porous nano finished microballoon products at 92 ℃ of extracting 4h of temperature with deionized water.
Embodiment 9: the preparation that gathers d-lactic acid/polyoxy Yeast Nucleic Acid porous nano microballoon:
To gather d-lactic acid 50g, polyoxy Yeast Nucleic Acid 10g and DMSO 99.8MIN. 500g adding and have in the dissolution kettle of whisking appliance, TM, in 40 ℃ of stirring and dissolving of temperature, vacuum tightness 0.2MPa deaeration 2 hours, EFI solution was processed in slaking 12 hours.Be ejected into ethanol through electrostatic spraying and receive in the bath, stir, the curing through immersion precipitation phase inversion process completion microballoon has obtained to gather d-lactic acid/polyoxy Yeast Nucleic Acid porous nano microballoon.Wherein receive 30 ℃ of bath temperatures, ambient moisture is 93%, and spray voltage is 10kv, and spray distance is 6cm.Above-mentioned microballoon is placed the Suo Shi extraction plant, carry out extracting, to remove the solvent in the microballoon, obtain to gather d-lactic acid/polyoxy Yeast Nucleic Acid porous nano finished microballoon products at 90 ℃ of extracting 2h of temperature with deionized water.
Embodiment 10: the preparation of polybenzimidazole porous nano microballoon:
Polybenzimidazole 100g, DMAC N,N 1000g are added and have in the dissolution kettle of whisking appliance, TM, and in 80 ℃ of stirring and dissolving of temperature, vacuum tightness 0.3MPa deaeration 2 hours, EFI solution was processed in slaking 12 hours.The aqueous solution that is ejected into DMAC N,N through electrostatic spraying receives in the bath, stirs, and the curing through immersion precipitation phase inversion process completion microballoon has obtained polybenzimidazole porous nano microballoon.Wherein receive 50 ℃ of bath temperatures, ambient moisture is 73%, and spray voltage is 15kv, and spray distance is 6cm.Above-mentioned microballoon is placed the Suo Shi extraction plant, carry out extracting, to remove the solvent in the microballoon, obtain polybenzimidazole porous nano finished microballoon products at 90 ℃ of extracting 6h of temperature with deionized water.
Embodiment 11: the preparation that gathers d-lactic acid porous nano microballoon:
To gather d-lactic acid 100g, Z 150PH 25g and DMSO 99.8MIN. 1000g adding and have in the dissolution kettle of whisking appliance, TM, in 60 ℃ of stirring and dissolving of temperature, vacuum tightness 0.4MPa deaeration 2 hours, EFI solution was processed in slaking 12 hours.Be ejected into water-bath through electrostatic spraying and receive in the bath, stir, the curing through immersion precipitation phase inversion process completion microballoon has obtained to gather d-lactic acid porous nano microballoon.Wherein receive 40 ℃ of bath temperatures, ambient moisture is 87%, and spray voltage is 10kv, and spray distance is 5cm.Above-mentioned microballoon is placed the Suo Shi extraction plant, carry out extracting, to remove solvent and the additive in the microballoon, obtain to gather d-lactic acid porous nano finished microballoon products at 90 ℃ of extracting 4h of temperature with deionized water.
Embodiment 12: the preparation of PPSS amide copolymer porous nano microballoon:
PPSS amide copolymer 80g, N-Methyl pyrrolidone 800g are added and have in the dissolution kettle of whisking appliance, TM, and in 70 ℃ of stirring and dissolving of temperature, vacuum tightness 0.4MPa deaeration 2 hours, EFI solution was processed in slaking 12 hours.Be ejected into water-bath through electrostatic spraying and receive in the bath, stir, the curing through immersion precipitation phase inversion process completion microballoon has obtained PPSS amide copolymer porous nano microballoon.Wherein receive 30 ℃ of bath temperatures, ambient moisture is 67%, and spray voltage is 15kv, and spray distance is 7cm.Above-mentioned microballoon is placed the Suo Shi extraction plant, carry out extracting, to remove the solvent in the microballoon, obtain PPSS amide copolymer porous nano finished microballoon products at 95 ℃ of extracting 4h of temperature with deionized water.
Claims (3)
1. a porous polymer nanoparticle is characterized in that this porous nano microballoon is composed of the following components, is by weight:
10～200 parts in polymkeric substance
0～200 part of additive
300～1000 parts of solvents
Wherein, polymkeric substance is at least a in polyaryl thioether sulfone, poly arylidene thio-ester sulfonamide, poly arylidene thio-ester sulfonamide acid amides, polyethersulfone, polysulfones, polybenzimidazole, chitosan and thymus nucleic acid and the multipolymer thereof; Additive is any in sodium-chlor, calcium chloride, Z 150PH, polyoxyethylene glycol or the SEPIGEL 305; Solvent is DMSO 99.8MIN., N-Methyl pyrrolidone, N, at least a in dinethylformamide and the DMAC N,N.
2. the preparation method of a porous polymer nanoparticle is characterized in that this method may further comprise the steps:
Polyethersulfone 100g, Z 150PH 25g and DMSO 99.8MIN. 1000g adding are had in the dissolution kettle of whisking appliance, TM, and in 80 ℃ of stirring and dissolving of temperature, at vacuum tightness 0.05MPa deaeration 2h, slaking 12h processes EFI solution; Be ejected into water-bath through electrostatic spraying and receive in the bath, stir, the curing through immersion precipitation phase inversion process completion microballoon has obtained round bird-caging porous nano microballoon; Wherein receive 30 ℃ of bath temperatures, ambient moisture is 83%, and spray voltage is 10kv, and spray distance is 6cm; Above-mentioned microballoon is placed the Suo Shi extraction plant, carry out extracting, to remove solvent and the additive in the microballoon, obtain circle bird-caging porous nano finished microballoon products at 91 ℃ of extracting 6h of temperature with deionized water.
3. be used for drug release, support of the catalyst, chemical sensor, biomolecule analysis, gas chromatographic analysis, IX and polyreaction carrier field according to the said porous polymer nanoparticle of claim 1.
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