CN101724402A - Preparation method of CdSe/SiO2 quantum dot composite fluorescent nanoparticles - Google Patents

Preparation method of CdSe/SiO2 quantum dot composite fluorescent nanoparticles Download PDF

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CN101724402A
CN101724402A CN200910199579A CN200910199579A CN101724402A CN 101724402 A CN101724402 A CN 101724402A CN 200910199579 A CN200910199579 A CN 200910199579A CN 200910199579 A CN200910199579 A CN 200910199579A CN 101724402 A CN101724402 A CN 101724402A
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quantum dot
cdse
sio
preparation
fluorescent nanoparticles
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谢春娟
李剑
尹东光
张礼
刘斌虎
张乐
吴明红
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University of Shanghai for Science and Technology
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Abstract

The invention relates to a preparation method of CdSe/SiO2 quantum dot composite fluorescent nanoparticles, which comprises the steps of: synthesizing CdSe quantum dots in a water solution at room temperature by using EDTA as a stabilizing agent and using the electron beam irradiation method; and then, preparing core-shell type fluorescent nanoparticles of which the CdSe quantum dots are coated by silicon dioxide with amino groups on surfaces by using the water-in-oil microemulsion method and using the cohydrolysis of 3-aminopropyl trimethoxysilane (APTMS) and tetraethoxysilane (TEOS). The prepared nanoparticles which are uniformly spherical have the particle diameter of 200+/-8nm, have good monodispersity and light stability, and can not cause fluorescent molecule leakage easily. The quantum dot composite nanoparticles can be effectively absorbed by neural stem cells of a mouse, stronger fluorescence signals are detected in the cells, and a clear fluorescence imaging picture is obtained.

Description

CdSe/SiO 2The preparation method of quantum dot composite fluorescent nanoparticles
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of quantum dot fluorescence nanometer particle process method, particularly a kind of CdSe/SiO 2The preparation method of quantum dot composite fluorescent nanoparticles.
Background technology
The electron beam irradiation method is a kind of method of technical characterstic distinctness.It is to utilize the electron beam of high energy to carry out chemosynthesis in the very short reaction times, owing to can create pure reductibility or pure oxygen voltinism atmosphere by the control reaction conditions, reaction process need not specific reductive agent or oxygenant, and reaction product purity is very high.For a long time, electronic beam irradiation technology is used for high molecular polymerization, crosslinked and graft modification in a large number, the research of aspects such as the virus killing sterilization of food and medical treatment product, but it is few to be used to prepare the report of inorganic materials.
Quantum dot (QDs) causes people's very big concern with its unique optics, electrology characteristic.With CdSe to be that the quantum dot of representative has excellent, with the luminosity of size adjustable, very application prospects is arranged in fields such as laser, photodiode, solar cell, fluorescent marks.But quantum dot also has the shortcoming of himself, and is at first unstable, easily oxidized under the situation of organic solvent-free protection, thereby quantum dot all keeps in Dark Place in organic solvent usually; Secondly, the quantum dot surface still has a large amount of defectives, has influenced its quantum yield, usually under its quantum yield normal temperature of quantum dot of organic solvent parcel between 10% ~ 20%, quantum yield can increase but is unfavorable for practical application under the low temperature; In addition, because the quantum spot semiconductor material all contains deleterious heavy metal element (as cadmium, gallium etc.) usually, may produce murder by poisoning to organism.
At single quantum dot nanocrystal surface parcel one deck SiO 2Making quantum dot composite nanoparticles makes quantum dot step major step in the application such as the biomarker field.Because SiO 2Layer has no side effect to organism, can effectively avoid biological organism directly to contact with the quanta point material of severe toxicity, and can protect quantum dot not oxidized, has strengthened the stability of quantum dot greatly, and has improved its quantum yield, simultaneously at SiO 2The further rhetorical function group of laminar surface is more much easier than directly do modification on the quantum dot surface, in addition, and SiO 2Have unreactiveness and optical transparence etc.Therefore, with quantum dot surface parcel one deck SiO 2Make the defective that composite nanoparticle can overcome quantum dot itself, increased new function again.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of CdSe/SiO 2The preparation method of quantum dot composite fluorescent nanoparticles, this method at first adopt complexing agent EDTA used as stabilizers, Se salt (Na 2SeO 3) be Se source and Cd (Ac) 2Under high energy electron beam irradiation, directly in the aqueous solution, react the CdSe quantum dot of synthetic emission blue light.Then use the water-in-oil microemulsion method, adopt a kind of silylating reagent APTMS first,, prepared the compound fluorescent nano particles of the coated with silica CdSe quantum dot of the amino active group of surperficial direct band by the cohydrolysis of APTMS and TEOS.
The mechanism of the synthetic CdSe quantum dot of electron beam irradiation method is as follows:
Cd 2++EDTA＝Cd(EDTA) 2+
·OH+CH 3CH(OH)CH 3→H 2O+(CH 3) 2(OH)C·
SeO 3 2-+e aq -→Se+e aq -→Se 2-
[Cd(EDTA)] 2++Se 2-→CdSe↓+EDTA
Cd 2+With the EDTA reaction, form stable huge legendary turtle compound [Cd (EDTA)] 2+, prevent Cd 2+With Na 2SeO 3Reaction generates CdSeO 3Precipitation.Water decomposes the hydrated electron e that produces some amount under electron beam irradiation Aq -, H, H 2, OH, H 2O 2, e wherein Aq -With H be the reductibility group, OH is an oxidative free radical, adds Virahol and can eliminate oxidisability OH free radical.Hydrated electron e Aq -Standard Electrode Potentials is-2.77V, is a kind of very active strong reductant, hydrated electron e in basic solution Aq -At first reduce SeO 3 2-Ion generates Se, then Se is continued to be reduced to Se 2-[Cd (EDTA)] 2+With Se 2-It is nanocrystalline that effect generates CdSe.
According to above-mentioned mechanism, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of CdSe/SiO 2The preparation method of quantum dot composite fluorescent nanoparticles is characterized in that the concrete steps of this method are:
The preparation of a.CdSe quantum dot: with solubility cadmium salt and stablizer EDTA by 1: the mass ratio of (1～4) is dissolved in the deionized water, is stirred to dissolving fully; Add Na again 2SeO 3And Virahol, Na 2SeO 3With the mol ratio of Virahol be 1: (15～20), and Na 2SeO 3With the mass ratio of solubility cadmium salt be: 1: (1.5～1.7); Obtain colourless transparent solution after fully stirring, regulate the pH value to 9 of this solution; After the sealing, use electron accelerator irradiation, dosage is 200KGy, to orange-yellow colloidal sol occurring; After this colloidal sol concentrated, add Virahol to precipitation occurring, centrifugation obtains pure CdSe quantum dot with washed with isopropyl alcohol again, 80 ℃ of oven dry in the vacuum;
B.dSe/SiO 2The preparation of quantum dot composite fluorescent nanoparticles: hexanaphthene, TritonX-100, n-hexyl alcohol are pressed (4～5): the mixed mixed solution that forms of 1: 1 volume ratio, slowly drip deionized water, the volume ratio of mixed solution and deionized water is (60～50): 1, and stir and form as clear as crystal microemulsion; With step a gained CdSe quantum dot, be dissolved in the ultrapure water, behind the ultra-sonic dispersion, this CdSe quantum dot aqueous solution is added in the above-mentioned microemulsion, abundant stirring and evenly mixing, and the mass ratio of control CdSe quantum dot and microemulsion is 1: (8～10) add tetraethoxy and ammoniacal liquor successively, the volume ratio of tetraethoxy and ammoniacal liquor is 5: (3～1), and the mass ratio of CdSe quantum dot and tetraethoxy is: (1.5～1.8): 1; Room temperature lucifuge magnetic agitation reaction 24h, add a certain amount of 3-TSL 8330, the volume ratio of itself and tetraethoxy is 1: (1～2), continued stirring reaction 24 hours, back adding acetone breakdown of emulsion reacts completely, again with dehydrated alcohol and ultrapure water is alternately centrifugal, the washing, the oven dry, promptly obtain pure CdSe/SiO 2Quantum dot composite fluorescent nanoparticles.
The present invention at first is stablizer with EDTA, adopt the synthetic CdSe quantum dot of electron beam irradiation method room temperature in the aqueous solution, adopt the water-in-oil microemulsion method then, utilize the cohydrolysis of 3-TSL 8330 (APTMS) and tetraethoxy (TEOS), prepared the hud typed fluorescent nano particles of the amino coated with silica CdSe quantum dot of surperficial band.By transmission electron microscope (TEM), means such as fluorescence spectrum, ultraviolet-visible spectrum and light stability experiment characterize this material, the result shows that obtained nano particle is regular spherical, particle diameter is 200 ± 8nm, have good monodispersity and light stability, be difficult for taking place fluorescence molecule and reveal.This quantum dot composite nanoparticles is to the fluorescence imaging of single mouse neural stem cell simultaneously, the result shows that this quantum dot composite nanoparticles can effectively be taken in by the mouse neural stem cell, detects stronger fluorescent signal and obtain limpid fluorescence imaging figure in cell.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is CdSe/SiO of the present invention 2The ultraviolet-visible light spectrogram of quantum dot composite fluorescent nanoparticles.
Fig. 2 is CdSe/SiO of the present invention 2The fluorescence spectrum figure of quantum dot composite fluorescent nanoparticles.
Fig. 3 is CdSe/SiO of the present invention 2The high power transmission electron microscope scintigram of quantum dot composite fluorescent nanoparticles, wherein (a) water-sol for forming (b) is nanoparticle.
Fig. 4 is CdSe/SiO of the present invention 2The light stability experimental result picture of quantum dot composite fluorescent nanoparticles.
Fig. 5 is CdSe/SiO of the present invention 2The ultraviolet-visible light spectrogram that the surface amino groups group of quantum dot composite fluorescent nanoparticles is analyzed.
Fig. 6 is CdSe/SiO of the present invention 2Quantum dot composite fluorescent nanoparticles mouse neural stem cell is cultivated the laser confocal scanning microscope figure behind the 30min altogether.
Embodiment
Reagent and instrument: APTMS and tensio-active agent TritonX-100 etc. are analytical pure, purchase the company in Sigma; Two water cadmium acetates (Cd (Ac) 22H 2O), Sodium Selenite (Na 2SeO 3), ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) (C 10H 16N 2O 8, EDTA), Virahol (C 3H 8O), ninidrine (C 9H 6O 4), sodium hydroxide (NaOH) all buys from Shanghai Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd., Sinopharm Group, is analytical pure; The mouse neural stem cell is provided by life science institute of Shanghai University.Institute's water is the deionization ultrapure water.
2MeV 10mA GJ-2 type rumbatron (Xianfeng Electric Motor Factory), FV1000 laser confocal scanning microscope (Japanese Olympus company); The high explanation of JEM-2010F transmission electron microscope (Japanese Shimadzu company); JSM-2010F type transmission electron microscope (Japanese JEOL company); F-7000 type spectrophotofluorometer (Japanese Hitachi company); U-3010 type ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer (Japanese Hitachi company); CR21GII supercentrifuge (Japanese Hitachi company).1.CdSe the preparation of quantum dot: take by weighing 0.533g Cd (Ac) 2Be dissolved in the deionized water of 50mL, add 2.292g EDTA, stir and make its dissolving, add 0.345g Na as stablizer 2SeO 3With the 3mL Virahol, obtain colourless transparent solution after fully stirring, with the 1mol/L NaOH aqueous solution pH value of this solution is adjusted to 9.With the above-mentioned solution plastic packaging sealing bag of packing into, use electron accelerator irradiation, dosage is 200KGy, occurs orange-yellow colloidal sol behind the irradiation 3min.This colloidal sol evaporated 1/2 solvent with Rotary Evaporators, to wherein adding Virahol, constantly be stirred to the appearance precipitation, use supercentrifuge (15000r/min) high speed centrifugation to isolate precipitation in 10 minutes then, obtain pure CdSe quantum dot for twice with washed with isopropyl alcohol again, 80 ℃ of oven dry in the vacuum.
2CdSe/SiO 2The preparation of quantum dot composite fluorescent nanoparticles: clean with 5%HF solution before testing used Glass Containers reaction, use washed with de-ionized water again, to remove the nucleation site that Glass Containers may bring.Hexanaphthene, TritonX-100, following hexanol are pressed 7.5mL: the volume ratio of 1.8mL: 1.6mL is mixed, and magnetic agitation 30min slowly drips 250 μ L water, stirs 30min, forms as clear as crystal microemulsion.Take by weighing 1mg CdSe quantum dot, be dissolved in the 1mL ultrapure water, getting this CdSe quantum dot aqueous solution of 150 μ l 1mg/mL behind the ultra-sonic dispersion adds in the above-mentioned microemulsion, abundant stirring and evenly mixing, add 100 μ L tetraethoxys and 60 μ L, 25% ammoniacal liquor successively, room temperature lucifuge magnetic agitation reaction 24h, add 100 μ L APTMS, continue stirring reaction 24h, the back adding small amount of acetone that reacts completely breakdown of emulsion, again with dehydrated alcohol and ultrapure water is alternately centrifugal, washing for several times, wash impurity such as residual surfactant off, obtain pure CdSe/SiO 2The fluorescence complex microsphere is at last with nanoparticle 80 ℃ of oven dry in a vacuum.
3.CdSe/SiO 2The ultraviolet spectral analysis of nanoparticle: with 1mgCdSe quantum dot and 1mg CdSe/SiO 2Nanoparticle is dissolved in respectively in the 2mL ultrapure water, measures its ultraviolet-visible spectrum respectively.As shown in Figure 1, obvious characteristics exciton absorption peak appears in the CdSe quantum dot water-sol at the 450nm place, and quantum dot silica fluorescent microballoon charateristic avsorption band herein is not obvious, and this may be because the diffuse scattering of silicon dioxide microsphere causes.
4.CdSe/SiO 2Nanoparticle fluorescence spectrum: with 1mgCdSe quantum dot and 1mg CdSe/SiO 2Nanoparticle is dissolved in respectively in the 2mL ultrapure water, measures its fluorescence spectrum respectively, and the result as shown in Figure 2.Excitation wavelength is 350nm, quantum dot and CdSe/SiO 2The fluorescence emission spectrogram of nanoparticle is similar.But CdSe/SiO 2The emission maximum peak position (423nm) of nanoparticle has also the have an appointment broadening of 100nm of the blue shift of 5nm, the spectral line of emission than CdSe quantum dot (428nm).This phenomenon may be that the degenerative process that causes when carrying out permutoid reaction owing to CdSe quantum dot surface ligand causes.The silicate generation ligand exchange that the hydroxyl on CdSe quantum dot surface and TEOS hydrolysis produce can cause the big broadening of whole nanocrystalline exciton band gap, causes the decline of quantum yield simultaneously, thereby shows as the blue shift and the broadening of the spectral line of emission.
5.CdSe quantum dot and CdSe/SiO 2The pattern of nanoparticle characterizes: the CdSe quantum dot sample of preparation is distributed in the water again, obtains orange-yellow colloidal sol and carry out high power transmission electron microscope (HRTEM) test, shown in Fig. 3 a.From figure as can be seen, prepared CdSe is nanocrystalline to be spherical, and crystalline structure is perfect, the about 2 ~ 3nm of particle diameter.CdSe/SiO with gained 2Nano particle fully be distributed to ethanol mutually in, draw a little with pipettor and be added drop-wise on the copper mesh, room temperature scans it with transmission electron microscope after placing seasoning, observes its pattern, the result is shown in Fig. 3 b.Prepared as can be seen from Figure nanoparticle is regular ball-type, the relatively more even and good dispersity of size, and median size is 200 ± 8nm.
6.CdSe/SiO 2The light stability experiment of nanoparticle: with the CdSe quantum dot of 1mg and the CdSe/SiO of 1mg 2Nanoparticle is dissolved in respectively in the 0.05mol/L Tris-HCl buffered soln of pH value 7.8, xenon lamp with 100W shines two kinds of solution respectively as excitation light source, sample is 5cm apart from the distance of xenon lamp, once they were tested 70 minutes altogether in the fluorescence intensity at maximum emission wavelength place every measurement in 10 minutes.Experimental result as shown in Figure 4, find xenon lamp irradiation 70min after, the fluorescence intensity of the CdSe quantum dot aqueous solution descends and surpasses 50%, and CdSe/SiO 2The fluorescence intensity of nanoparticle descends less than 5%, shows CdSe/SiO 2Nanoparticle has good light stability.This shows, the CdSe quantum dot is formed nuclear shell type nano meter particle with coated with silica after because the provide protection of silica shell reduces the photobleaching of external light source to the CdSe quantum dot effectively, its light stability is significantly improved.
7.CdSe/SiO 2The surface amino groups group of nanoparticle is analyzed: adopt the ninidrine method to investigate the quantum dot fluorescence nano grain surface and whether have amino.Get 1mg CdSe/SiO 2Nanoparticle is dissolved in the 2ml ultrapure water, add the 100 μ L 0.1mol/L NaOH and the 80 μ L 10mg/mL ninidrine aqueous solution, 80 ℃ of heating in water bath 5min, utilize ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer to measure its absorption spectrum after being cooled to room temperature, do controlled trial with the quantum dot fluorescence nano particle and the APTMS of surperficial unmodified amino.
Ninidrine can with the aminocompound effect, generate a kind of bluish voilet material that absorption is arranged about 570nm, reaction principle is:
Figure G2009101995798D00051
Utilize this mechanism can identify amino existence.The present invention has compared the CdSe/SiO of finishing and unmodified amino 2Nanoparticle and APTMS.Two kinds of nanometer particle process method are identical, but at the CdSe/SiO for preparing surperficial unmodified amino 2Do not add APTMS during nanoparticle.Experimental result as shown in Figure 5, APTMS and surface have met amino CdSe/SiO as seen from the figure 2All having generated behind nanoparticle and the ninhydrin reaction a kind ofly has the material of absorption peak at 568nm, and the nanoparticle of surperficial unmodified amino does not then have absorption peak, and the result shows prepared CdSe/SiO 2The existence of nanoparticle surface amino.
8. the cultivation of mouse neural stem cell and cell fluorescence imaging: mouse neural stem cell suspension is inoculated in the culturing bottle, puts into CO2gas incubator overnight incubation (5%CO 2, 37 ℃).It is inferior to use 0.01mol/L PBS (pH7.4) to give a baby a bath on the third day after its birth then.With the CdSe/SiO of 100 μ L1mg/mL through high-temperature sterilization 2Nanoparticle suspension joins in the culturing bottle of the mouse neural stem cell that contains the 1mL nutrient solution, puts into CO2gas incubator and cultivates 30min (5%CO 2, 37 ℃), wash 3 times with 0.01mol/L PBS (pH7.4), at last the fluorescence imaging of observation of cell under the FV1000 laser confocal scanning microscope.Fig. 6 is CdSe/SiO 2Nanoparticle and mouse neural stem cell are cultivated the laser confocal scanning microscope picture behind the 30min altogether, can see CdSe/SiO 2Nanoparticle can effectively be taken in by the mouse neural stem cell, and nanoparticle detects in cell than hyperfluorescence signal and fluorescence imaging figure simultaneously.The result shows this CdSe/SiO 2Nanoparticle is a kind of good fluorescent probe, can be applicable to biomarker and cell imaging etc.

Claims (1)

1. CdSe/SiO 2The preparation method of quantum dot composite fluorescent nanoparticles is characterized in that the concrete steps of this method are:
The preparation of a.CdSe quantum dot: with solubility cadmium salt and stablizer EDTA by 1: the mass ratio of (1～4) is dissolved in the deionized water, is stirred to dissolving fully; Add Na again 2SeO 3And Virahol, Na 2SeO 3With the mol ratio of Virahol be 1: (15～20), and Na 2SeO 3With the mass ratio of solubility cadmium salt be: 1: (1.5～1.7); Obtain colourless transparent solution after fully stirring, regulate the pH value to 9 of this solution; After the sealing, use electron accelerator irradiation, dosage is 200KGy, to orange-yellow colloidal sol occurring; After this colloidal sol concentrated, add Virahol to precipitation occurring, centrifugation obtains pure CdSe quantum dot with washed with isopropyl alcohol again, 80 ℃ of oven dry in the vacuum;
B.dSe/SiO 2The preparation of quantum dot composite fluorescent nanoparticles: hexanaphthene, TritonX-100, n-hexyl alcohol are pressed (4～5): the mixed mixed solution that forms of 1: 1 volume ratio, slowly drip deionized water, the volume ratio of mixed solution and deionized water is (60～50): 1, and stir and form as clear as crystal microemulsion; With step a gained CdSe quantum dot, be dissolved in the ultrapure water, behind the ultra-sonic dispersion, this CdSe quantum dot aqueous solution is added in the above-mentioned microemulsion, abundant stirring and evenly mixing, and the mass ratio of control CdSe quantum dot and microemulsion is 1: (8～10) add tetraethoxy and ammoniacal liquor successively, the volume ratio of tetraethoxy and ammoniacal liquor is 5: (3～1), and the mass ratio of CdSe quantum dot and tetraethoxy is: (1.5～1.8): 1; Room temperature lucifuge magnetic agitation reaction 24h, add a certain amount of 3-TSL 8330, the volume ratio of itself and tetraethoxy is 1: (1～2), continued stirring reaction 24 hours, back adding acetone breakdown of emulsion reacts completely, again with dehydrated alcohol and ultrapure water is alternately centrifugal, the washing, the oven dry, promptly obtain pure CdSe/SiO 2Quantum dot composite fluorescent nanoparticles.
CN200910199579A 2009-11-26 2009-11-26 Preparation method of CdSe/SiO2 quantum dot composite fluorescent nanoparticles Pending CN101724402A (en)

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CN101906298A (en) * 2010-08-13 2010-12-08 济南大学 Surface plasma fluorescence-enhanced nano composite structure film and preparation method thereof
CN103896271A (en) * 2014-04-11 2014-07-02 武汉大学 Method for preparing water-soluble fluorescent silicon quantum dots by using hydrothermal process
CN104845623A (en) * 2015-04-08 2015-08-19 济南大学 SiO2 coated luminescent quantum dot composite particle and preparation method thereof
CN107298974A (en) * 2016-09-21 2017-10-27 华东师范大学 A kind of quantum dot Core-shell Composite Particles of multilayer parcel and its preparation method and application
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CN109609114A (en) * 2018-11-12 2019-04-12 天津市中环量子科技有限公司 A kind of optimized treatment method of fluorescence quantum
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CN101906298A (en) * 2010-08-13 2010-12-08 济南大学 Surface plasma fluorescence-enhanced nano composite structure film and preparation method thereof
CN103896271A (en) * 2014-04-11 2014-07-02 武汉大学 Method for preparing water-soluble fluorescent silicon quantum dots by using hydrothermal process
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CN104845623A (en) * 2015-04-08 2015-08-19 济南大学 SiO2 coated luminescent quantum dot composite particle and preparation method thereof
CN104845623B (en) * 2015-04-08 2016-09-28 济南大学 Luminescent quantum dot composite particles of SiO2 cladding and preparation method thereof
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CN107298974B (en) * 2016-09-21 2019-10-22 华东师范大学 A kind of quantum dot Core-shell Composite Particles and its preparation method and application of multilayer package
CN109609114A (en) * 2018-11-12 2019-04-12 天津市中环量子科技有限公司 A kind of optimized treatment method of fluorescence quantum
CN109609114B (en) * 2018-11-12 2022-03-01 天津市中环量子科技有限公司 Optimization processing method of fluorescent quantum dots
CN116496722A (en) * 2023-06-25 2023-07-28 苏州易昇光学材料股份有限公司 Insulating light conversion film for photovoltaic module, preparation method of insulating light conversion film and photovoltaic module
CN116496722B (en) * 2023-06-25 2023-09-12 苏州易昇光学材料股份有限公司 Insulating light conversion film for photovoltaic module, preparation method of insulating light conversion film and photovoltaic module

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Application publication date: 20100609