CN101721875A - Oil, water and solid multi-phase separation method for natural gas - Google Patents
Oil, water and solid multi-phase separation method for natural gas Download PDFInfo
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- CN101721875A CN101721875A CN200810232056A CN200810232056A CN101721875A CN 101721875 A CN101721875 A CN 101721875A CN 200810232056 A CN200810232056 A CN 200810232056A CN 200810232056 A CN200810232056 A CN 200810232056A CN 101721875 A CN101721875 A CN 101721875A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an oil, water and solid multi-phase separation method for natural gas. The method is characterized in that: a shell is a horizontal tank structure; the horizontal tank is partitioned into four sections, namely a gas inlet water-washing region (19), a cyclone separation region (20), a coalescing separation region (21) and a tail end mist catching region (22); fluid produced by a gas well in the gas inlet water-washing region (19) enters the gas inlet water-washing region (19) through a gas inlet distributing pipe (1) of a multi-phase separator, and a solid phase and an oil phase in the gas can be separated rapidly; a large amount of saturated water is separated in the cyclone separation region (20) via a cyclone (4); saturated water mist and oil mist remaining in the gas are conglomerated once again by a coalescer (5) in an oil-water coalescing section of the coalescing separation region (21); and condensate oil and the water mist in the gas are fully removed by catching in the tail end mist catching region (22), and is finally discharged from a gas outlet (16) on the top of the tail end mist catching region (22). The method has small floor area, low investment and convenient maintenance, can not only simplify the process, but also achieve the aim of deep dehydration.
Description
Technical field
Oil gas field separate, dedicated method of the present invention particularly a kind ofly is suitable for that gas, liquid are gentle, natural gas and oil, water, the solid multi-phase separation method of the efficient separation of solid mixture.
Background technology
Natural gas be under different geological conditions, generate, migration, and preserve gas in subsurface structure with certain pressure.They are imbedded in the different stratum of the degree of depth, by pit shaft gas are caused ground.As everyone knows, most natural gases are fuel gas, and main component is the gas hydro carbons, also contains a small amount of non-hydrocarbon gas.Pure gas field natural gas main component is a methane, also has a spot of second, third, butane and non-hydrocarbon gas; The gas condensate field natural gas also contains third butane of some and the above hydrocarbon gas of pentane, aromatic hydrocarbon, natural gas gasoline, diesel oil etc. except that containing methane, ethane.The separation of the condensate in these natural gases, water, solid particle all is not resolved all the time at home.
The technological process of existing natural gas processing is as follows: gas well comes gas → heating furnace → cyclone separator → bitubular moisture trap → PALL fine filter → triethylene glycol dewater unit → outer failing.Cyclonic separation can be removed the above solid particle of diameter 10um, the above water of diameter 100um in the flow process.Because this equipment influences greatly by operating mode, it is not very effective dividing dried up and solid phase; Bitubular gas, moisture mainly are by gravitational settling from it, can only remove the above water of diameter 30um; It is based on membrane filtration+special coalescent layer for the PALL fine filter, can remove above water, the condensate of diameter 2um in the gas, the above solid particle of 1um.Above-mentioned long flow path, floor space is big, and investment high (wherein the PALL fine filter is import) is safeguarded inconvenient.Because cyclonic separation and bitubular gas-water separation are removed limited to solid particle in the natural gas and water in the flow process, a large amount of loads of handling are imposed on the PALL fine filter, so just cause the coalescent filter core service life of PALL fine filter to shorten greatly, about 3～4 months.Equipment all has the thing that needs cleaning for every section, and the operational administrative difficulty is big.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide that a kind of floor space is few, investment is low, easy to maintenance, can simplify flow process, can realize natural gas and oil, water, solid multi-phase separation method again than the deep dehydration purpose.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this, a kind of natural gas and oil, water, solid multi-phase separation method, it is characterized in that: housing comprises end socket, cylindrical shell and bearing, housing is the horizontal tank body structure, horizontal tank is divided into four sections, it is respectively the air inlet water wash zone, the rotational flow separation district, the coarse separation district, end is caught the fog-zone, at the air inlet water wash zone gas distribution grid is again arranged, the gas well produced fluid is by well head and gas collection flow process, and through after the heating furnace heating, the air inlet distributing pipe by multiphase separator enters into the air inlet water wash zone, and gas changes laminar model into by turbulent flow in water, again under the effect of distribution grid, can separate solid phase and oil phase in giving vent to anger at gas fast; There is cyclone in the district in rotational flow separation, and the gas that contains a large amount of saturation waters enters the gas cyclone Disengagement zone, in the rotational flow separation district by means of the acceleration of cyclone inside, compressed energy-storage, isolate a large amount of saturation waters after discharging fast; In the coarse separation section coalescer is arranged, oil, water coalescing section utilize coalescer that the coalescent again change of saturated water smoke, mist of oil remaining in the gas is big; Mist catching section has the capture of string silk trap by Gravity Separation and terminal string silk trap endways, and condensate, water smoke in the gas are removed fully, and is defeated outside end is caught the gas outlet at top, fog-zone at last.
Described horizontal tank body is distributed with four sewage draining exits in the bottom of four district's tank bodies respectively: end is caught fog-zone sewage draining exit, coarse separation district sewage draining exit, rotational flow separation district sewage draining exit, air inlet water wash zone sewage draining exit.
Described horizontal tank body is provided with differential pressure indicator mouth A, differential pressure indicator mouth B and is used for measuring front and back section pressure reduction.
The top of the horizontal tank body of described air inlet water wash zone is provided with relief valve port, catches gas outlet, horizontal tank body top, fog-zone one side endways and is provided with gauge port; Oil drain out is below horizontal tank body.
Characteristics of the present invention are: come gas to be introduced into washing section, gas changes laminar model into by turbulent flow in water, again under the effect of distribution grid, can separate solid phase and oil phase in giving vent to anger at gas fast; The gas that contains a large amount of saturation waters is separated after the special construction acceleration of rotational flow separation section by means of cyclone inside; Oil, water coalescing section are to adopt advanced coalescence technology, the coalescent again change of saturated water smoke, mist of oil remaining in the gas is big, by means of the efficient capture of Gravity Separation and terminal trap, make condensate, water smoke in the gas reach removal fully, thereby realize purifying outer defeated.
Comparing is embodied in following several respects with existing technological process " cyclonic separation → bitubular gas-water separation → PALL fine filter → triethylene glycol dehydration " in the present invention:
(1) concentrated " cyclonic separation → bitubular gas-water separation → PALL fine filter " and waited several functions of the equipments, simplified traditional handicraft, provided new technological process in one.
(2) contain liquid in the gas after the processing and be lower than 0.003ppmw, be equivalent to water dew point and reach below-5 ℃, the related request that meets " the pipeline gas water dew point should hang down 5 ℃ than minimum environment temperature under the transport condition under the starting point discharge pressure " among the SY/T0076 " gas dehydration design specification "; Do not have the client under the situation of particular requirement, gas does not need further to dewater with the triethylene glycol device again.
(3) several diverse technology such as washing, rotational flow separation, coarse separation and terminal capture are combined together, not only give full play to separately advantage of mechanical separation (life-span is long but efficient is low) and coarse separation (efficient height but life-span short), but also avoided shortcoming separately, not only applicability is strong, the life-span is long, and efficient is high, becomes the practical technique that is suitable for various production of hydrocarbons.
(4) make a new equipment possess the function of machinery separation and coarse separation simultaneously, substituted conventional effect difference, needed many separators of series connection mutually, compact conformation, requisite space is few, has greatly reduced the new equipment manufacturing cost.
(5) to operating pressure 1-15MPa, gas flow 0.5x10
4-100x10
4Nm
3Various process gas, unstripped gas in/d, the temperature 10-50 ℃ scope carries out the ultra high efficiency oil removing, dewaters, udst separation.The ultra high efficiency that also is applicable to simultaneously the various fluids of many industries such as electronics, medicine and military project purifies.
Description of drawings
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the embodiment accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is an embodiment of the invention structural representation;
Fig. 2 is the A-A figure of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the B-B figure of Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 is the C-C figure of Fig. 1;
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of coalescer.
Among the figure: 1, air inlet distributing pipe; 2, gas distribution grid again; 3, end socket; 4, cyclone; 5, coalescer; 6, cylindrical shell; 7, string silk trap; 8, end is caught the fog-zone sewage draining exit; 9, coarse separation district sewage draining exit; 10, rotational flow separation district sewage draining exit; 11, air inlet water wash zone sewage draining exit; 12, bearing; 13, differential pressure indicator mouth A; 14, differential pressure indicator mouth B; 15, relief valve port; 16, gas outlet; 17, gauge port; 18, oil drain out; 19, air inlet water wash zone; 20, rotational flow separation district; 21, coarse separation district; 22, end is caught the fog-zone.
The specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, apparatus casing comprises left and right sides end socket 3, cylindrical shell 6 and bearing 12, left and right sides end socket 3 is tightly connected cylindrical shell about 6 ends and forms the horizontal tank body structure, horizontal tank body is divided into four districts, be respectively that air inlet water wash zone 19, rotational flow separation district 20, coarse separation district 21, end are caught fog-zone 22, by four districts finish air inlet → washing → rotational flow separation → oil, water coalescent → (gravitational settling) → end catches natural gas and oil, water, the solid heterogeneous separating technology of mist → give vent to anger (outer defeated).
At air inlet water wash zone 19 gas distribution grid 2 is again arranged, the gas well produced fluid is by well head and gas collection flow process, and through after the heating furnace heating, air inlet distributing pipe 1 by multiphase separator enters into washing section, gas changes laminar model into by turbulent flow in water, again under the effect of distribution grid 2, can separate solid phase and oil phase in giving vent to anger at gas fast; In rotational flow separation district 20 cyclone 4 is arranged, enters gas cyclone Disengagement zone 20 and contain a large amount of saturation water sides, in rotational flow separation district 20 by means of the acceleration of cyclone 4 inside, compressed energy-storage, isolate a large amount of saturation waters after discharging fast; In coarse separation district 21 coalescer 5 is arranged, oil, water coalescing section utilize coalescer 5 that the coalescent again change of saturated water smoke, mist of oil remaining in the gas is big; And catch fog-zone 22 endways the efficient capture of string silk trap 7 by means of Gravity Separation and terminal string silk trap 7 arranged, condensate, water smoke in the gas is reached fully remove, catch outer the failing in gas outlet 16 at 22 tops, fog-zone at last from end.
Horizontal tank body is provided with four sewage draining exits in the bottom of four district's tank bodies respectively: end is caught fog-zone sewage draining exit 8, coarse separation district sewage draining exit 9, rotational flow separation district sewage draining exit 10, air inlet water wash zone sewage draining exit 11.
As shown in Figure 4, horizontal tank body be provided with differential pressure indicator mouth A13, differential pressure indicator mouth B14 be used for measuring before and after section pressure reduction.Be provided with relief valve port 15 at the horizontal tank body of air inlet water wash zone top, catch gas outlet, horizontal tank body top, fog-zone 16 1 sides endways and be provided with gauge port 17.Fig. 2 is the A-A figure of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is the B-B figure of Fig. 1; As shown in Figure 2, oil drain out 18 is below horizontal tank body.Flow process Zhong Ge district is equipped with the liquid level gauge mouth in addition.
Below further specify the course of work of the present invention by four districts:
The air inlet water wash zone, equipment is introduced water layer by pipeline with natural gas from the air inlet of end socket upper left quarter, and gas distributes by the ramification distribution of gas even structure ground of water layer, and impacts water layer.Gas passes gas distribution orifice again in the rising way of washing, make distribution of gas more even, thereby realize the conversion from the turbulent flow to the laminar flow, reaches the purpose of washing dust and removing the part condensate.
The rotational flow separation district, the gas after the washing enters the rotational flow separation section by the top mozzle.The eddy flow section is by the centrifugation principle, utilizes the design of special flow passage structure, makes gas gas be accelerated to after the speed of requirement diffusion rapidly in by the runner process and carry out energy and discharges, and the saturation water more than 98% in the gas is separated.The air inlet of this rotational flow separation structure is not subjected to washing section to come gas speed to influence.Cyclone separation process is generally believed it is a kind of energy-efficient isolation technics, and its critical component is a cyclone separator, is called for short cyclone.Cyclone is to grow up on the basis of conventional cyclone separator, solid can be used for liquid/liquid, solid-liquid, gas/liquid, solid/gas, liquid/gas and solid/etc. the separation processes such as clarification, enrichment or dehydration, classification, washing of non-homogeneous mixture, even also can collect heat and mass transfer enhancement and be located away from the whole body.
The coarse separation district, improper because of the variation and the resolution element selection of operating pressure and condition in the traditional mode of production of oil and natural gas, usually cause entrainment.Entrainment is lowly to occur in a kind of undesired attendant phenomenon in the gas/liquid operation because of efficiency separator.For example: the serious mist of oil of gas generation is carried secretly in the gs-oil separator of oilfield stations field; The methanol solution mist is carried secretly in the Methanol Recovery: the heavy ends in the lighter hydrocarbons recovery are carried secretly; Water smoke and heavy hydrocarbon in the natural gas are carried secretly or the like.The entrained oil mist can make unstripped gas cause greasy dirt and suspension to stop up resolution element because of content of organics increases, and influences separative efficiency, causes liquid flooding; Severe patient directly influences normal running and causes major accident; The methyl alcohol mist is carried secretly and is not only endangered downstream catalyst, and causes methyl alcohol to run off, and causes economic loss.Eliminate entrainment effectively with regard to the particular importance that more seems.
The reason that causes entrainment be the gravity that uses in the prior art design, centrifugal, corrugated plating and foam removal silk screen etc. separate the element separative efficiency low due to.These resolution elements are limited by separation principle, only can remove the particle diameter carried secretly in the gas greater than the big liquid grain more than the 5-10 μ m.But in the gas in the especially outer defeated natural gas, because downstream and carrying needs, must be carrying a large amount of particle diameters in the gas secretly between 0.1-5 μ m, by the molten particulate of suspension gas (the being mist) removal of generation such as condensation atomizing, pressure atomization.To the mist of these particle diameters below 5 μ m, traditional resolution element is at a loss what to do fully.Thus, coarse separation has been proposed.
Coarse separation is to originate from external ultra high efficiency phase detachment technique, adopt special coalescent filter material, by differences of physical properties such as fluid boundary tension force, proportion, viscosity, make earlier that decentralized photo is coalescent in the fluid grows up, undertaken two by porous media again and be separated, can be used for separating of floatingization of gas/liquid thing and liquid/liquid suspensions.
The coalescent filter bed of coarse separation element is made under specific condition by superfine fibre of different nature, and the aperture successively increases progressively.When gas passed this filter bed, the liquid mist particulate of carrying secretly (decentralized photo) etc. was captured earlier, coalescently gradually in successively flowing then grow up, finally separate because of gravity breaks away from body gas.Owing to comprehensive effectivenesses such as coalescent the bed special very thin structure of micron order, chemical suitability and collision, interception, warm-up movements, can very effectively capture trickle various particulates to 0.1 μ m, thereby thoroughly eliminate entrainment, greatly remedied the defective of conventional separators inefficiency.
Coalescing element is 0.3um (clearance reaches 99.97%) to the filtering accuracy of solid particle.Moisturely in the gas in coalescing element downstream be lower than 0.003ppmw.
As shown in Figure 5, because the reasons in structure of coalescer, from inside to outside every layer average pore size increases gradually, and gas passes the multiple filtration film under pressure, is little droplet coalescence big drop.When drop by aperture when the large opening direction flows, they have formed big drop with regard to coalescent, and are because of this process is carried out continuously, constantly coalescent and bigger drop that form is drained in the feeder.
End is caught the fog-zone, gas by coalescent district coalescent after, 99.99% saturation water is by coalescent, and is deposited to liquid collecting zone.The not coalescent intact saturated liquid of part still remains in the gas, again condense, become big to capturing section because of the path effect from coalescing section, be condensed into about 10 μ m or smaller mist enters with gas and catches the fog-zone and caught mist interception by end, thereby reach more deep dehydration.The cardinal principle that end is caught mist is an inertial collision.Certainly, interception has also played important function.
Claims (4)
1. natural gas and oil, water, solid multi-phase separation method, it is characterized in that: housing comprises end socket (3), cylindrical shell (6) and bearing (12), housing is the horizontal tank body structure, horizontal tank is divided into four sections, be respectively air inlet water wash zone (19), rotational flow separation district (20), coarse separation district (21), end is caught fog-zone (22), at air inlet water wash zone (19) gas distribution grid (2) is again arranged, the gas well produced fluid is by well head and gas collection flow process, and through after the heating furnace heating, air inlet distributing pipe (1) by multiphase separator enters into air inlet water wash zone (19), gas changes laminar model into by turbulent flow in water, again under the effect of distribution grid (2), can separate solid phase and oil phase in giving vent to anger at gas fast; In rotational flow separation district (20) cyclone (4) is arranged, and the gas that contains a large amount of saturation waters enters gas cyclone Disengagement zone (20), isolates a large amount of saturation waters after rotational flow separation district (20) are by means of the inner acceleration of cyclone (4), compressed energy-storage, quick release; In coarse separation section (21) coalescer (5) is arranged, oil, water coalescing section utilize coalescer (5) that the coalescent again change of saturated water smoke, mist of oil remaining in the gas is big; Catching fog-zone (22) endways has the capture of string silk trap (7) by Gravity Separation and terminal string silk trap (7), and condensate, water smoke in the gas are removed fully, defeated outside end is caught the gas outlet (16) at top, fog-zone (22) at last.
2. a kind of natural gas and oil according to claim 1, water, solid multi-phase separation method is characterized in that: described horizontal tank body is distributed with four sewage draining exits in the bottom of four district's tank bodies respectively: end is caught fog-zone sewage draining exit (8), coarse separation district sewage draining exit (9), rotational flow separation district sewage draining exit (10), air inlet water wash zone sewage draining exit (11).
3. a kind of natural gas and oil according to claim 1, water, solid multi-phase separation method is characterized in that: described horizontal tank body is provided with differential pressure indicator mouth A (13), differential pressure indicator mouth B (14) and is used for measuring front and back section pressure reduction.
4. a kind of natural gas and oil according to claim 1, water, solid multi-phase separation method, it is characterized in that: the top of the horizontal tank body of described air inlet water wash zone (19) is provided with relief valve port (15), catches gas outlet, horizontal tank body top, fog-zone (22) (16) one sides endways and is provided with gauge port (17); Oil drain out (18) is below horizontal tank body.
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| CN102220153A (en) * | 2011-05-11 | 2011-10-19 | 中国石油集团工程设计有限责任公司 | Integrated raw natural gas emptying and separating and condensate oil stabilizing equipment |
| CN103421564A (en) * | 2012-05-18 | 2013-12-04 | 北京三聚环保新材料股份有限公司 | Natural gas desulfuration and liquid-removing device and desulfuration technology thereof |
| CN103623659A (en) * | 2012-08-23 | 2014-03-12 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Skid-mounted enclosed oil-pulling integrated device for well site |
| CN104531248A (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2015-04-22 | 西安长庆科技工程有限责任公司 | Horizontal separator used for oil gas separation and purification |
| CN105132061A (en) * | 2015-08-24 | 2015-12-09 | 济南大学 | Combined natural gas dehydration apparatus based on vortex and centrifugation |
| CN105419862A (en) * | 2015-12-11 | 2016-03-23 | 淄博海润环境工程有限公司 | Coalescence type multiphase cyclone separator |
| CN108079732A (en) * | 2018-02-08 | 2018-05-29 | 江苏优耐特过滤装备有限公司 | Horizontal multi-stage separator |
| CN113431549A (en) * | 2021-08-04 | 2021-09-24 | 北京中海沃邦能源投资有限公司石楼分公司 | Automatic liquid-discharging sand-removing separator |
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| CN102220153B (en) * | 2011-05-11 | 2013-07-31 | 中国石油集团工程设计有限责任公司 | Integrated raw natural gas emptying and separating and condensate oil stabilizing equipment |
| CN102220153A (en) * | 2011-05-11 | 2011-10-19 | 中国石油集团工程设计有限责任公司 | Integrated raw natural gas emptying and separating and condensate oil stabilizing equipment |
| CN103421564A (en) * | 2012-05-18 | 2013-12-04 | 北京三聚环保新材料股份有限公司 | Natural gas desulfuration and liquid-removing device and desulfuration technology thereof |
| CN103421564B (en) * | 2012-05-18 | 2015-10-14 | 北京三聚环保新材料股份有限公司 | A kind of natural qi exhaustion liquid desulfurizer and sulfur removal technology thereof |
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| CN103623659A (en) * | 2012-08-23 | 2014-03-12 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Skid-mounted enclosed oil-pulling integrated device for well site |
| CN104531248A (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2015-04-22 | 西安长庆科技工程有限责任公司 | Horizontal separator used for oil gas separation and purification |
| CN105132061A (en) * | 2015-08-24 | 2015-12-09 | 济南大学 | Combined natural gas dehydration apparatus based on vortex and centrifugation |
| CN105419862A (en) * | 2015-12-11 | 2016-03-23 | 淄博海润环境工程有限公司 | Coalescence type multiphase cyclone separator |
| CN108079732A (en) * | 2018-02-08 | 2018-05-29 | 江苏优耐特过滤装备有限公司 | Horizontal multi-stage separator |
| CN113431549A (en) * | 2021-08-04 | 2021-09-24 | 北京中海沃邦能源投资有限公司石楼分公司 | Automatic liquid-discharging sand-removing separator |
| CN114425227A (en) * | 2021-12-15 | 2022-05-03 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Fuel gas divides liquid equipment |
| CN114806628A (en) * | 2022-01-25 | 2022-07-29 | 韩光永 | Elevation type three-phase separator for petroleum purification and petroleum comprehensive treatment system |
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Application publication date: 20100609 |