CN101718871B - System for detecting atmospheric temperature by rotational Raman laser rador - Google Patents

System for detecting atmospheric temperature by rotational Raman laser rador Download PDF

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CN101718871B
CN101718871B CN2009102374253A CN200910237425A CN101718871B CN 101718871 B CN101718871 B CN 101718871B CN 2009102374253 A CN2009102374253 A CN 2009102374253A CN 200910237425 A CN200910237425 A CN 200910237425A CN 101718871 B CN101718871 B CN 101718871B
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output light
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hole
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CN101718871A (en
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张寅超
苏嘉
陈思颖
王玉诏
邱宗甲
孔卫国
倪国强
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Beijing Institute of Technology BIT
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Abstract

The invention relates to a system for detecting atmospheric temperature by a rotational Raman lidar, belonging to the technical field of optics. The system comprises a system control mechanism, a laser, a laser emitting mechanism, a large-caliber receiving telescope, a multi-channel spectrometer mechanism, a collimating lens high-J signal data acquiring mechanism, a low-J signal data acquiring mechanism and a signal processing mechanism, wherein a laser beam sequentially enters a light beam expander, a first emitting light-guiding lens and a second emitting light-guiding lens and then forms a detecting laser beam, a backward scattering backwave optical signal of the laser beam is received by the large-caliber receiving telescope and collected into a micropore diaphragm, then is sent to the multi-channel spectrometer mechanism, splits and filters an interference signal, and then enters a photoelectric detector, an amplifier, an analog digital converter and the signal processing mechanism; and a photoelectric detection signal is inverted according to an equation of the rotational Raman scattering lidar equation to obtain vertically distributed profile data of the atmospheric temperature. The invention can detect the vertically distributed profile of the atmospheric temperature of atmospheric troposphere and has high precision.

Description

A kind of system that uses rotary Raman laser radar atmospheric sounding temperature
Technical field
A kind of system that uses rotary Raman laser radar atmospheric sounding temperature of the present invention belongs to optical technical field.
Technical background
It is significant to a plurality of industries that high precision is obtained the vertical distribution profiles data of atmospheric temperature, and people's life, related science research, military activity, economic activity etc. are had direct influence.The main means that atmospheric temperature height profile profile is measured by meteorological department have acoustic radar, radiosonde, rocketsonde and satellite to carry infrared or microwave radiometer etc.Acoustic radar is mainly used in surveys boundary layer atmospheric temperature profile, and investigative range is limited; Satellite remote sensing can be carried out the measurement of atmospheric temperature profile in the global range, but his vertical space resolution is lower, and lower at tropospheric detection accuracy.China generally still uses traditional radiosonde to the detection of atmospheric temperature vertical distribution profiles at present, promptly carries detection instrument through balloon and carries out the sounding measurement.Its speed of detection is slow, at the bottom of the height resolution and be the non-detection simultaneously of single line, thereby these detection datas are difficult to satisfy people's demand.
Atmospheric parameters such as temperature, their space distribution (particularly vertical direction) and time dependent quick measurement thereof are meteorological educational circles and environmental science circle urgent problem.
To the problem that present meteorological department exists on the atmospheric temperature vertical distribution profiles is surveyed, we have proposed to be used for the rotary Raman laser radar method of atmospheric temperature detecting.This technology can be obtained the atmospheric temperature vertical distribution information to troposphere top near the ground, has that speed of detection is fast, scope big, the data precision advantages of higher.Can for meteorological departments and Related Research Domain provide be difficult at present obtain, troposphere temperature vertical distribution profiles data reliably.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to propose a kind of system that uses rotary Raman laser radar atmospheric sounding temperature in order to solve the limitation problem that existing atmospheric temperature vertical distribution profiles detection aspect exists.
The objective of the invention is to realize through following technical proposals.
A kind of system that uses rotary Raman laser radar atmospheric sounding temperature of the present invention, this system comprise that system control machine structure, laser instrument, laser body, heavy caliber receiving telescope, multi-channel optical spectrometer mechanism, the high J signal data of collimation lens obtain mechanism, low J signal data obtains mechanism and signal processing mechanism; Wherein laser body comprises beam expander device, the first emission leaded light mirror and the second emission leaded light mirror; The heavy caliber receiving telescope comprises an aperture; Multi-channel optical spectrometer mechanism comprises first focal plane, first passage lens, first passage diffraction blazed grating, second focal plane, second channel lens and second channel diffraction blazed grating; High J signal data obtains mechanism and comprises photodetector, amplifier and analog-to-digital conversion device; Low J signal data obtains mechanism and comprises photodetector, amplifier and analog-to-digital conversion device;
The system control machine structure links to each other with signal processing mechanism with laser instrument, analog-to-digital conversion device; Laser instrument links to each other with multi-channel optical spectrometer mechanism with beam expander device, the first emission leaded light mirror, the second emission leaded light mirror, heavy caliber receiving telescope successively, and multi-channel optical spectrometer mechanism links to each other with signal processing mechanism with collimation lens, photodetector, amplifier, analog-to-digital conversion device respectively;
The system control machine structure is controlled the clock signal of laser instrument and analog-to-digital conversion device and is given signal processing mechanism with the running parameter of system; Laser instrument emission of lasering beam, laser beam get into the exploring laser light bundle that sends the directive atmosphere behind beam expander device, the first emission leaded light mirror and the second emission leaded light mirror successively; The beam expander device expands the angle of divergence that bundle reduces laser beam to laser beam; And make the laser beam tested atmosphere of direction directive on request through the harmonize first emission leaded light mirror and the second emission leaded light mirror; Tested atmosphere is to exploring laser light Shu Jinhang scattering; Thereafter focus on aperture to the scatter echo light signal by the reception of heavy caliber receiving telescope and with echo optical signal, echo optical signal is sent to multi-channel optical spectrometer mechanism; Multi-channel optical spectrometer mechanism carries out the high spectral resolution beam split to echo optical signal, forms high J rotational quantum number Raman scattering echoed signal and low J rotational quantum number Raman scattering echoed signal, and the outer stray light signal of filtering passband; High J rotational quantum number Raman scattering echoed signal and low J rotational quantum number Raman scattering echoed signal scioptics collimation get into corresponding photo detector, amplifier and analog-to-digital conversion device successively, last entering signal processing mechanism; Signal processing mechanism to echoed signal store, smoothly, go processing such as background, and the photodetection signal after handling is carried out inverting according to pure rotational raman scattering laser radar equation, obtain the vertical distribution profiles data of atmospheric temperature;
Wherein, Echoed signal gets into the first passage lens through the echoed signal input unthreaded hole of first focal plane, and is collimated into directional light, is delivered to then on the first passage diffraction blazed grating; Make echoed signal generation diffraction reflection; The diffraction reflection echoed signal is passed through the first passage lens once more, and turns back on first focal plane, and the echoed signal of different wave length is in different positions on first focal plane; The echoed signal of different wave length gets on second focal plane through the echoed signal output light hole on first focal plane; And through echoed signal input unthreaded hole entering second channel lens; And be collimated into directional light, and be delivered to then on the second channel diffraction blazed grating, make echoed signal generation diffraction reflection; The diffraction reflection echoed signal turns back on second focal plane through the second channel lens once more, and the echoed signal of different wave length is in different outgoing positions on second focal plane; The echoed signal of different wave length is exported through two echoed signal output light holes of diverse location on second focal plane and by optical fiber;
Wherein the exploring laser light bundle is parallel or coaxial with the telescopical optical axis of heavy caliber; Aperture is on the focal length of heavy caliber receiving telescope; Through changing the size in aperture aperture, change the reception visual field of heavy caliber receiving telescope; The aperture of aperture is 0.08mm, 0.16mm, 0.24mm, 0.32mm, 0.40mm, 0.48mm or 0.60mm.
Beneficial effect
The present invention can carry out vertical distribution profiles to atmosphere convection atmosphere temperature and survey, and precision is high.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is rotary Raman laser radar detection system figure;
Fig. 2 is a multi-channel optical spectrometer organization chart;
Fig. 3 is the first focal plane synoptic diagram of multi-channel optical spectrometer mechanism;
Fig. 4 is the second focal plane synoptic diagram of multi-channel optical spectrometer mechanism;
Wherein: 1-system control machine structure; The 2-laser instrument; 3-beam expander device; The 4-first emission leaded light mirror; The 5-second emission leaded light mirror; 6-exploring laser light bundle; The 7-echo optical signal; 8-heavy caliber receiving telescope; The 9-aperture; The 10-signal transmits optical fiber; 11-multi-channel optical spectrometer mechanism; 12-first focal plane; 13-first passage lens; 14-first passage diffraction blazed grating; 15-second focal plane; 16-second channel lens; 17-second channel diffraction blazed grating; The optical axis of 18-first passage lens 13; The optical axis of 19-second channel lens 16; 20-echoed signal input unthreaded hole; 21-λ 1Wave band output light hole (λ 1Expression 528.8～529.3nm), 22-λ 2Wave band output light hole (λ 2Expression 530.1～530.7nm), 23-λ 3Wave band output light hole (λ 3Expression 533.5～534.0nm), 24-λ 4Wave band output light hole (λ 4Expression 534.9～535.4nm), the 25-first focal plane central point, 26-λ 1Optical fiber, 27-λ 2Optical fiber, 28-λ 3Optical fiber, 29-λ 4Optical fiber, 30-λ 1Wave band input unthreaded hole, 31-λ 2Wave band input unthreaded hole, 32-λ 3Wave band input unthreaded hole, 33-λ 4Wave band input unthreaded hole, the 34-second focal plane central point, 35-λ 1λ 4Output light hole, 36-λ 2λ 3Output light hole, 37-λ 1λ 4Optical fiber, 38-λ 2λ 3Optical fiber, 39-λ 1λ 4Collimation lens, 40-λ 2λ 3Collimation lens, the high J signal data of 41-obtain mechanism, 42-hangs down the J signal data and obtains mechanism, 43-λ 1λ 4Photodetector, 44-λ 1λ 4Amplifier, 45-λ 1λ 4Analog-to-digital conversion device, 46-λ 2λ 3Photodetector, 47-λ 2λ 3Amplifier, 48-λ 2λ 3Analog-to-digital conversion device, 49-signal processing mechanism.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the present invention is described further.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1; A kind of system that uses rotary Raman laser radar atmospheric sounding temperature of the present invention, this system comprise that system control machine structure 1, laser instrument 2, beam expander device 3, the first emission leaded light mirror 4, the second emission leaded light mirror 5, exploring laser light bundle 6, echo optical signal 7, heavy caliber receiving telescope 8, aperture 9, signal transmit optical fiber 10, multi-channel optical spectrometer mechanism 11, first focal plane 12, first passage lens 13, first passage diffraction blazed grating 14, second focal plane 15, second channel lens 16, second channel diffraction blazed grating 17, the optical axis 18 of first passage lens 13, the optical axis 19 of second channel lens 16, echoed signal input unthreaded hole 20, λ 1Wave band output light hole (λ 1Expression 528.8～529.3nm) 21, λ 2Wave band output light hole (λ 2Expression 530.1～530.7nm) 22, λ 3Wave band output light hole (λ 3Expression 533.5～534.0nm) 23, λ 4Wave band output light hole (λ 4Expression 534.9～535.4nm) 24, the first focal plane central point 25, λ 1Optical fiber 26, λ 2Optical fiber 27, λ 3Optical fiber 28, λ 4Optical fiber 29, λ 1Wave band input unthreaded hole 30, λ 2Wave band input unthreaded hole 31, λ 3Wave band input unthreaded hole 32, λ 4Wave band input unthreaded hole 33, the second focal plane central point 34, λ 1λ 4Output light hole 35, λ 2λ 3Output light hole 36, λ 1λ 4Optical fiber 37, λ 2λ 3Optical fiber 38, λ 1λ 4Collimation lens 39, λ 2λ 3Collimation lens 40, high J signal data obtain mechanism 41, low J signal data obtains mechanism 42, λ 1λ 4Photodetector 43, λ 1λ 4Amplifier 44, λ 1λ 4Analog-to-digital conversion device 45, λ 2λ 3Photodetector 46, λ 2λ 3Amplifier 47, λ 2λ 3Analog-to-digital conversion device 48, signal processing mechanism 49.
Principle of work of the present invention is:
System control machine structure 1 carries out work schedule control according to the work schedule data of the system's each several part that is provided with in advance to system's each several part, and the control of the software and hardware of system; The Laser emission transmitting instructions pulse laser beam that laser instrument 2 sends according to the system control machine structure, the wavelength of laser pulse are that 532nm, energy are that 300mJ, pulsewidth are that 5ns, repetition frequency are 20Hz; This pulse laser beam is through beam expander device 3, and the first emission leaded light mirror 4 and second is launched leaded light mirror 5 backs to tested atmosphere emission detection laser beam 6; The cross-sectional diameter of exploring laser light bundle and the angle of divergence are about 45mm and 0.1mrad respectively; Will be when exploring laser light bundle 6 transmits in atmosphere by the atmospheric scattering on the path, its part rear orientation light, promptly echo optical signal 7 will be that 400mm, focal length are heavy caliber receiving telescope 8 receptions of 800mm by diameter; The reception visual field of heavy caliber receiving telescope can change through the aperture of regulating wherein 9, and its changing value is respectively 0.1mrad, 0.2mrad, 0.3mrad, 0.4mrad, 0.5mrad, 0.6mrad, 0.75mrad; Optical axis that requires exploring laser light bundle 6 during measurement and the light shaft coaxle of heavy caliber receiving telescope 8 or parallel, this is coaxial or parallelly can launch leaded light mirror 5 and realize through regulating the first emission leaded light mirror 4 and second; The light signal that heavy caliber receiving telescope 8 receives is that 0.6mm, numerical aperture are that 0.22 the quartzy flashlight of single core transmits optical fiber 10 through core diameter, is sent to the echoed signal input unthreaded hole 20 on first focal plane 12 of multi-channel optical spectrometer mechanism 11; The first passage lens 13 that are respectively 200mm and 95mm from the flashlight of input unthreaded hole 20 outgoing through focal length and diameter by collimation be behind the directional light arrival to delineate area be that 128mm * 154mm, blaze of grating angle (532nm, the 5th grade) they are that 52.94 °, grating constant are the first passage diffraction blazed grating 14 of 600l/mm; 14 pairs of light signals that arrive at of first passage diffraction blazed grating carry out diffraction reflection; Diffraction reflection light is once more through first passage lens 13; And turn back to first focal plane 12, wherein corresponding to 528.8～529.3nm of the pure rotational raman scattering spectral line of the high J of nitrogen (or oxygen) molecule and 534.9～535.4nm wave band optical signal with the λ that is focused respectively on first focal plane 12 1Wave band output light hole 21 and λ 4Wave band output light hole 24, corresponding to 530.1～530.7nm of the low pure rotational raman scattering spectral line of J of nitrogen (or oxygen) molecule and 533.5～534.0nm wave band optical signal with the λ that is focused respectively on first focal plane 12 2Wave band output light hole 22 and λ 3Wave band output light hole 23; Core diameter is that 0.6mm and numerical aperture are 0.22 the quartzy λ of single core 1Optical fiber 26, λ 2Optical fiber 27, λ 3Optical fiber 28, λ 4Optical fiber 29 is respectively λ on first focal plane 12 1Wave band output light hole 21, λ 2Wave band output light hole 22, λ 3Wave band output light hole 23 and λ 4The light signal of wave band output light hole 24 outputs is delivered to second focal plane 15, and the stray light of other wave band then is suppressed; λ 1Optical fiber 26, λ 2Optical fiber 27, λ 3Optical fiber 28, λ 4The correspondence input unthreaded hole of optical fiber 29 on second focal plane is respectively λ 1Wave band input unthreaded hole 30, λ 2Wave band input unthreaded hole 31, λ 3Wave band input unthreaded hole 32, λ 4Wave band input unthreaded hole 33; From λ 1Wave band input unthreaded hole 30, λ 2Wave band input unthreaded hole 31, λ 3Wave band input unthreaded hole 32, λ 4The flashlight of wave band input unthreaded hole 33 outgoing is respectively 200mm and 95mm through focal length and diameter second channel lens 16 by collimation be behind the directional light arrival to delineate area be that 128mm * 154mm, blaze of grating angle (532nm, the 5th grade) they are that 52.94 °, grating constant are the second channel diffraction blazed grating 17 of 600l/mm; 17 pairs of light signals that arrive at of second channel diffraction blazed grating carry out diffraction reflection, and diffraction reflection light passes through first passage lens 16 once more, and turns back to second focal plane 15; Wherein, 528.8～529.3nm and the 534.9～535.4nm wave band optical signal corresponding to the pure rotational raman scattering spectral line of the high J of nitrogen (or oxygen) molecule will be focused the λ on second focal plane 15 1λ 4Output light hole 35, corresponding to 530.1～530.7nm of the low pure rotational raman scattering spectral line of J of nitrogen (or oxygen) molecule and 533.5～534.0nm wave band optical signal with the λ that is focused respectively on second focal plane 15 2λ 3Output light hole 36, the stray light of other wave band then is suppressed once more; Core diameter is that 0.6mm and numerical aperture are 0.22 the quartzy λ of single core 1λ 4Optical fiber 37 and λ 2λ 3Optical fiber 38 is respectively λ on second focal plane 15 1λ 4Output light hole 35 and λ 2λ 3The light signal of output light hole 36 output is delivered to the λ that clear aperture and focal length are respectively 25mm and 54mm 1λ 4Collimation lens 39 and λ 2λ 3The along of collimation lens 40; Nitrogen (or oxygen) molecule high J pure rotational raman scattering spectral line light signal and the pure rotational raman scattering spectral line of low J light signal pass through λ respectively 1λ 4Collimation lens 39 and λ 2λ 3Behind the collimation lens 40, be collimated into nearly directional light, get into high J signal data then respectively and obtain mechanism 41 and obtain mechanism 42 with low J signal data; High J signal data obtains the λ in the mechanism 41 1λ 4Photodetector 43, λ 1λ 4Amplifier 44, λ 1λ 4Analog-to-digital conversion device 45 and low J signal data obtain the λ in the mechanism 42 2λ 3Photodetector 46, λ 2λ 3Amplifier 47, λ 2λ 3The timing control signal that analog-to-digital conversion device 48 sends according to the system control machine structure; Nitrogen (or oxygen) molecule high J pure rotational raman scattering spectral line light signal and the pure rotational raman scattering spectral line of low J light signal to input carries out high sensitivity and the detection of low noise opto-electronic conversion, amplification and analog-to-digital conversion process respectively, and the nitrogen that obtains (or oxygen) molecule high J rotational quantum number Raman scattering echoed signal and low J rotational quantum number Raman scattering echoed signal are sent to signal processing mechanism 49; The high J pure rotational raman scattering spectral line light signal of 49 pairs of inputs of signal processing mechanism and low J rotational quantum number Raman scattering echoed signal store, add up, smoothly, go processing such as background; And the digitizing detectable signal after handling is carried out inverting according to pure rotational raman scattering laser radar equation, export reliable atmospheric temperature vertical distribution profiles data.

Claims (4)

1. a system that uses rotary Raman laser radar atmospheric sounding temperature comprises system control machine structure (1), laser instrument (2), laser body, heavy caliber receiving telescope (8), multi-channel optical spectrometer mechanism (11), λ 1λ 4Collimation lens (39), λ 2λ 3Collimation lens (40), high J signal data obtain mechanism (41), low J signal data obtains mechanism (42) and signal processing mechanism (49); Wherein laser body comprises beam expander device (3), the first emission leaded light mirror (4) and the second emission leaded light mirror (5); Heavy caliber receiving telescope (8) comprises an aperture (9); Multi-channel optical spectrometer mechanism (11) comprises first focal plane (12), first passage lens (13), first passage diffraction blazed grating (14), second focal plane (15), second channel lens (16) and second channel diffraction blazed grating (17); High J signal data obtains mechanism (41) and comprises λ 1λ 4Photodetector (43), λ 1λ 4Amplifier (44) and λ 1λ 4Analog-to-digital conversion device (45); Low J signal data obtains mechanism (42) and comprises λ 2λ 3Photodetector (46), λ 2λ 3Amplifier (47) and λ 2λ 3Analog-to-digital conversion device (48); It is characterized in that:
System control machine structure (1) and laser instrument (2), λ 1λ 4Analog-to-digital conversion device (45), λ 2λ 3Analog-to-digital conversion device (48) links to each other with signal processing mechanism (49); Laser instrument (2) links to each other with multi-channel optical spectrometer mechanism (11) with beam expander device (3), the first emission leaded light mirror (4), second emission leaded light mirror (5), the heavy caliber receiving telescope (8) successively, multi-channel optical spectrometer mechanism (11) respectively with λ 1λ 4Collimation lens (39) and λ 2λ 3Collimation lens (40) links to each other, λ 1λ 4Collimation lens (39) successively with λ 1λ 4Photodetector (43), λ 1λ 4Amplifier (44), λ 1λ 4Analog-to-digital conversion device (45) links to each other with signal processing mechanism (49); λ 2λ 3Collimation lens (40) successively with λ 2λ 3Photodetector (46), λ 2λ 3Amplifier (47), λ 2λ 3Analog-to-digital conversion device (48) links to each other with signal processing mechanism (49);
λ in said first focal plane (12) 1, λ 2, λ 3, λ 4The light signal home position of wave band has the λ that diameter is 0.6mm 1Wave band output light hole (21), λ 2Wave band output light hole (22), λ 3Wave band output light hole (23), λ 4Wave band output light hole (24), λ 1Expression 528.8～529.3nm, λ 2Expression 530.1～530.7nm, λ 3Expression 533.5～534.0nm, λ 4Expression 534.9～535.4nm;
The optical axis (18) of said first passage lens (13) is vertical with first focal plane (12), and its joining is the first focal plane central point (25); The center of echoed signal input unthreaded hole (20) is in the below of the first focal plane central point (25), with the distance of the first focal plane central point (25) be 2mm; λ 1Wave band output light hole (21), λ 2Wave band output light hole (22), λ 3Wave band output light hole (23), λ 4The center of wave band output light hole (24) in a straight line, the line at this straight line and the first focal plane central point (25) and echo input unthreaded hole (20) center is vertical, and vertical with the axis of symmetry of the delineation face minor face of first passage diffraction blazed grating (14); λ 1Wave band output light hole (21), λ 2Wave band output light hole (22), λ 3Wave band output light hole (23), λ 4The line of centres of wave band output light hole (24) is in the top of the first focal plane central point (25), with the distance of the first focal plane central point (25) be 2mm; λ 1Wave band output light hole (21), λ 2Wave band output light hole (22) is at the left side of the first focal plane central point (25) and input unthreaded hole (20) line of centres, λ 3Wave band output light hole (23), λ 4Wave band output light hole (24) is on the right of the first focal plane central point (25) and input unthreaded hole (20) line of centres; λ 1Wave band output light hole (21), λ 2The distance that unthreaded hole (20) line of centres is imported to the first focal plane central point (25) and echoed signal in the center of wave band output light hole (22) is respectively 2.91mm and 1.59mm, λ 3Wave band output light hole (23), λ 4Wave band output light hole (24) is respectively 1.77mm and 3.15mm to the distance of the first focal plane central point (25) and echoed signal input unthreaded hole (20) line of centres;
Core diameter is that 0.6mm, numerical aperture are 0.22 λ 1Optical fiber (26), λ 2Optical fiber (27), λ 3Optical fiber (28), λ 4One end of optical fiber (29) is fixed on λ respectively 1Wave band output light hole (21), λ 2Wave band output light hole (22), λ 3Wave band output light hole (23), λ 4On the wave band output light hole (24), λ 1Optical fiber (26), λ 2Optical fiber (27), λ 3Optical fiber (28), λ 4The other end of optical fiber (29) is fixed on the λ of second focal plane (12) respectively 1Wave band input unthreaded hole (30), λ 2Wave band input unthreaded hole (31), λ 3Wave band input unthreaded hole (32), λ 4On the wave band input unthreaded hole (33);
On said second focal plane (12), also have λ 1λ 4Output light hole (35) and λ 2λ 3Output light hole (36); Core diameter is that 0.6mm, numerical aperture are 0.22 λ 1λ 4Optical fiber (37) and λ 2λ 3One end of optical fiber (38) is fixed on λ respectively 1λ 4Output light hole (35) and λ 2λ 3On the output light hole (36), the quartzy λ of single core 1λ 4Optical fiber (37) and λ 2λ 3The other end of optical fiber (38) is fixed on said λ respectively 1λ 4Collimation lens (39) and said λ 2λ 3The along of collimation lens (40);
The time of system control machine structure (1) control laser instrument (2) emission of lasering beam, the pulse laser beam of laser instrument (2) emission gets into beam expander device (3), the first emission leaded light mirror (4) and second successively and launches the exploring laser light bundle (6) that sends the directive atmosphere behind the leaded light mirror (5); Beam expander device (3) expands bundle to laser beam; And launch leaded light mirror (5) through the first emission leaded light mirror (4) and second of harmonizing and make the laser beam tested atmosphere of direction directive on request; Tested atmosphere carries out scattering to exploring laser light bundle (6); Thereafter focus on aperture (9) to scatter echo light signal (7) by heavy caliber receiving telescope (8) reception and with echo optical signal (7), echo optical signal (7) is sent to multi-channel optical spectrometer mechanism (11); Multi-channel optical spectrometer mechanism (11) carries out the high spectral resolution beam split to echo optical signal (7), forms high J rotational quantum number Raman scattering echoed signal and low J rotational quantum number Raman scattering echoed signal, and the outer stray light signal of filtering passband; High J rotational quantum number Raman scattering echoed signal is passed through λ 1λ 4Collimation lens (39) is collimated into directional light, and the high J signal data of simultaneity factor control gear (1) control obtains the sequential of mechanism (41) acquired signal; Echoed signal gets into λ successively 1λ 4Photodetector (43), λ 1λ 4Amplifier (44) and λ 1λ 4Analog-to-digital conversion device (45), last entering signal processing mechanism (49); Low J rotational quantum number Raman scattering echoed signal is passed through λ 2λ 3Collimation lens (40) is collimated into directional light, and the low J signal data of simultaneity factor control gear (1) control obtains the sequential of mechanism (42) acquired signal, and echoed signal gets into λ successively 2λ 3Photodetector (46), λ 2λ 3Amplifier (47) and λ 2λ 3Analog-to-digital conversion device (48), last entering signal processing mechanism (49), the running parameter of the system that simultaneity factor control gear (1) will configure is given signal processing mechanism (49), then according to the running parameter of system to λ 1λ 4Analog-to-digital conversion device (45) and λ 2λ 3The echoed signal that analog-to-digital conversion device (48) transmits stores, smoothly, go background process, and the photodetection signal after handling is carried out inverting according to pure rotational raman scattering laser radar equation, obtain the vertical distribution profiles data of atmospheric temperature;
The bore of said heavy caliber receiving telescope (8) is 400mm, and focal length is 800mm; The core diameter that signal transmits optical fiber (10) is 0.6mm, and numerical aperture is 0.22; The focal length of said first passage lens (13) and second channel lens (16) is 200mm, and diameter is 95mm; The delineation area of said first passage diffraction blazed grating (14) and second channel diffraction blazed grating (17) is 128mm * 154mm, and blaze of grating angle is 52.94 °, and blaze of grating level is inferior to be the 5th grade, and grating constant is 600l/mm; Said λ 1Wave band input unthreaded hole (30), λ 2Wave band input unthreaded hole (31), λ 3Wave band input unthreaded hole (32), λ 4Wave band input unthreaded hole (33), λ 1λ 4Output light hole (35) and λ 2λ 3The diameter of output light hole (36) all is 0.6mm.
2. a kind of system that uses rotary Raman laser radar atmospheric sounding temperature according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the aperture of aperture (9) is 0.08mm, 0.16mm, 0.24mm, 0.32mm, 0.40mm, 0.48mm or 0.60mm.
3. a kind of system that uses rotary Raman laser radar atmospheric sounding temperature according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: in multi-channel optical spectrometer mechanism (11); Echoed signal (7) gets into first passage lens (13) through the echoed signal input unthreaded hole (20) of first focal plane (12), and is collimated into directional light, is delivered to then on the first passage diffraction blazed grating (14); Make echoed signal generation diffraction reflection; The diffraction reflection echoed signal is passed through first passage lens (13) once more, and turns back on first focal plane (12), and the echoed signal of different wave length is in different positions on first focal plane (12); The echoed signal of different wave length gets on second focal plane (15) through the echoed signal output light hole on first focal plane; And through echoed signal input unthreaded hole entering second channel lens (16); And be collimated into directional light; Be delivered to then on the second channel diffraction blazed grating (17); Make echoed signal generation diffraction reflection, the diffraction reflection echoed signal turns back on second focal plane (15) through second channel lens (16) once more, and the echoed signal of different wave length is in different outgoing positions on second focal plane (15); The echoed signal of different wave length is exported through two echoed signal output light holes of diverse location on second focal plane and by optical fiber.
4. a kind of system that uses rotary Raman laser radar atmospheric sounding temperature according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: exploring laser light bundle (6) is parallel or coaxial with the optical axis of heavy caliber telescope (8); Aperture (9) is on the focal length of heavy caliber receiving telescope (8).
CN2009102374253A 2009-11-06 2009-11-06 System for detecting atmospheric temperature by rotational Raman laser rador Expired - Fee Related CN101718871B (en)

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