CN101713535B - Burning method of gas fuel with ultra-low concentration - Google Patents
Burning method of gas fuel with ultra-low concentration Download PDFInfo
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- CN101713535B CN101713535B CN2009101916673A CN200910191667A CN101713535B CN 101713535 B CN101713535 B CN 101713535B CN 2009101916673 A CN2009101916673 A CN 2009101916673A CN 200910191667 A CN200910191667 A CN 200910191667A CN 101713535 B CN101713535 B CN 101713535B
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- low concentration
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Abstract
The invention discloses a burning method of gas fuel with ultra-low concentration. A fluidized reactor is adopted as a burner; a mixture of sand grains and catalyst particles is arranged on a grid plate of the burner; the sand grains are quartz sand grains with the grain size of 0.1 to 10mm; and the catalyst particles are Pa/Al2O3 and Pt/Al2O3. The method comprises the steps of: introducing combustible gas and combustion air with ultra-low concentration respectively into a heat exchanger to exchange heat; then introducing the combustible gas and the combustion air with the ultra-low concentration after the heat exchange into a mixed cavity of the fluidized reactor to mix; enabling the mixed gas to enter a burning cavity of the burner by the grid plate to burn; and using the burned gas as a heat source of the heat exchanger. The method is used for the reliable firing and the stable burning of the gas fuel with the ultra-low concentration. Under the catalysis of catalysts, when the concentration of combustible components in the mixed gas is higher than 1%, the burning is maintained. Therefore, the method is suitable for the burning of the gas fuel with the ultra-low concentration.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the combustion method of low-concentration combustible gas, relate in particular to a kind of method that adopts fluidized reactor burning super low concentration combustible gas.
Background technology
In chemical industry, petroleum industry, steel and iron industry and process of coal mining, can produce the waste gas that contains methane in a large number.Methane concentration in the waste gas usually is lower than 5%, even is lower than 1%.Methane concentration be lower than 5% for the super low concentration combustible fuel.But reason such as low owing to methane concentration, that change in concentration is big, gas fuel with ultra-low concentration is difficult to be lighted or keep smooth combustion.At present, gas fuel with ultra-low concentration nearly all recycles just directly to be arranged to atmosphere, has caused the serious waste of limited non-renewable resources on the one hand; Atmosphere pollution and greenhouse effects have been aggravated on the other hand.Therefore, rationally recycling gas fuel with ultra-low concentration has energy-conservation and the environmental protection double meaning.
At present, for the research and the utilization of the lower gas of methane concentration, mainly in the following aspects: adopt physics and chemical method purify, as auxiliary fuel or combustion adjuvant and employing regenerative combustion technology.
Adopting physics and chemical method to purify, mainly is at the gaseous fuel that contains low-concentration methane.Purification technique is meant N
2Or air and methane separation, the methane content in the gas is improved, thereby improve the concentration of gaseous fuel.Purification technique mainly contains cryogenic separation, transformation adsorbing separation and separates 3 kinds with film.Cryogenic separation cost height has only commercial value is just arranged when the flow that separates is big; The present comparative maturity of transformation adsorption separation technology can be used; Membrane separation technique is simple, is highly suitable for small-sized gas separating station, but also is in the research and development stage so far.The cost of method of purification is higher relatively.
Gas fuel with ultra-low concentration is owing to comprised gaseous fuel and a certain amount of O
2, can be used to do auxiliary fuel or combustion adjuvant, replace the part air, save part of fuel, often be used to internal combustion engine, gas turbine or boiler, but this specification requirement master combustion apparatus must reach sufficiently high temperature, and the fed distance of gaseous fuel is enough little.
Regenerative combustion technology is by the flow direction of reversing valve operated control gaseous fuel.Before in the half period, when combustible gas stream is crossed the high-temperature heat accumulation body, produce oxidation reaction after absorbing enough heats, when the flue gas that burning produces flows through another heat storage, discharge heat, and heat storage be heated to sufficiently high temperature.In the back half period,, combustible gas is entered from another heat storage, finish similar burning and diabatic process by reversing valve operated.When combustible gas concentration was higher, heat storage surpassed the temperature extremes of bearing easily.This technology not only requires the switch operation must be promptly and accurately, and the heat storage material bears the alternating hot and cold process, requires very high.Whole burner adopts Electric heating to start usually, and difficulty is big, and the device radiation loss more for a long time, and the holdout device operating ratio is difficulty.New regenerative combustion technology increases catalyst layer between two heat storages, the ignition temperature of air-flow is significantly reduced, and has remedied the part weak point of regenerative combustion technology, but thermal stress that heat-storing material bore is changed and the having relatively high expectations of catalyst.
In sum, that is that all right is ripe in the utilization of gas fuel with ultra-low concentration, and is subjected to the restriction of cost, fed distance, heat-storing material etc.
Summary of the invention
At the prior art above shortcomings, the invention provides a kind of general gas combustion that both can be used for, can be fit to the method for the gas fuel with ultra-low concentration of gas fuel with ultra-low concentration burning again, this method energy savings reduces greenhouse gas emission.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this: a kind of combustion method of gas fuel with ultra-low concentration is characterized in that: adopt fluidized reactor as burner, be equipped with sand grains and catalyst granules mixture on the air distribution plate of burner; Described sand grains is a quartz sand particle, and particle diameter is 0.1～10mm; Described catalyst granules is Pa/Al
2O
3And Pt/Al
2O
3
The concrete steps of this method comprise: at first, super low concentration combustible gas and combustion air are fed heat exchanger respectively carry out heat exchange; Then, will mix in the hybrid chamber through super low concentration combustible gas after the heat exchange and combustion air feeding fluidized reactor; Again mixed gas is entered the combustion chamber internal combustion of described burner by described air distribution plate; Gas after the burning is as the thermal source of heat exchanger.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: the present invention can make gas fuel with ultra-low concentration reliably catch fire and smooth combustion, and temperature fluctuation is little in the fluidized reactor; Combustion chamber not only can be used as catalytic combustion reactor but also can be used as storage heater, fluidized reactor is operated in normal pressure load regulation range of following time broad, the concentration of combustible component is higher than at 1% o'clock and just can keeps burning in the mist under the catalytic action of catalyst, so adapt to the gas fuel with ultra-low concentration burning.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is air distribution plate and blast cap assembled construction schematic diagram.
The structure of the Reference numeral representative in the accompanying drawing is as follows:
The mixture 13-burning gases air admission hole I14-burning gases venthole II 15-burning gases air admission hole II 16-burning gases venthole III17-flow control valve 18-blast cap 19-blast cap aperture of 1-reactor shell 2-air distribution plate 3-hybrid chamber 4-combustion chamber 5-gas inlet hole 6-combustion air air admission hole 7-burning gases venthole I 8-gas heat-exchanger 9-combustion air heat exchanger 10-fuel gas inlet end 11-combustion air inlet end 12-sand grains and catalyst granules
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments the present invention is done to describe in further detail.
A kind of combustion method of gas fuel with ultra-low concentration adopts fluidized reactor as burner, is equipped with sand grains and catalyst granules mixture on the air distribution plate of burner; Described sand grains is a quartz sand particle, and particle diameter is 0.1～10mm; Described catalyst granules is Pa/Al
2O
3And Pt/Al
2O
3
The concrete steps of this method comprise: at first, super low concentration combustible gas and combustion air are fed heat exchanger respectively carry out heat exchange; Then, will mix in the hybrid chamber through super low concentration combustible gas after the heat exchange and combustion air feeding fluidized reactor; Again mixed gas is entered the combustion chamber internal combustion of described burner by described air distribution plate; Gas after the burning is as the thermal source of heat exchanger.
In the present embodiment, sand grains is a quartz sand particle, and quartz sand particle is an inert particle, and particle diameter is 0.1～10mm, is deposited on the air distribution plate in advance and forms the sand grains layer of the height of 100mm at least.0.1 the quartz sand particle of～10mm particle diameter easily moves upward with the mist of upwards going out, and fully mixes with mist, the higher quartz sand of temperature makes the heat transferred mist mist temperature reach ignition point; The while quartz sand particle has hard, not breakable advantage in the use.The thickness of sand grains layer should be determined according to the pressure of different combustion gas and gas and the volume of reactor shell.
Catalyst granules is Pa/Al
2O
3And Pt/Al
2O
3, Pa/Al
2O
3For Pa attached to Al
2O
3Catalyst on (as catalyst carrier), Pt/Al
2O
3For Pt attached to Al
2O
3Catalyst on (as catalyst carrier).Granular Pa/Al
2O
3And Pt/Al
2O
3Not only easily move upward, contact more fully with mist, make its catalytic effect better with the mist of upwards going out; And can be used as carrier to mist circulation preheating; While Pa/Al
2O
3And Pt/Al
2O
3Also have hard, not breakable advantage in the use.
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention, and Fig. 2 is air distribution plate and blast cap assembled construction schematic diagram, and as shown in the figure: fluidized reactor comprises reactor shell 1, combustion gas heat exchanger 8 and combustion air heat exchanger 9.Reactor shell 1 is divided into hybrid chamber 3 and combustion chamber 4 by air distribution plate 2, hybrid chamber 3 is provided with combustion gas air admission hole 5 and combustion air air admission hole 6, combustion chamber 4 is provided with burning gases venthole I7, and air distribution plate 2 is provided with the mixture 12 of one deck sand grains and catalyst granules.Heat exchanger tube one end of combustion gas heat exchanger 8 is a fuel gas inlet end 10, and the other end is communicated with combustion gas air admission hole 5 by tracheae; Heat exchanger tube one end of combustion air heat exchanger 9 is a combustion air inlet end 11, and the other end is communicated with combustion air air admission hole 6.The heat exchanging chamber wall of combustion gas heat exchanger 8 is provided with burning gases air admission hole I13 and burning gases venthole II14, combustion air heat exchanger 9 is provided with burning gases air admission hole II15 and burning gases venthole III16, burning gases venthole I7 is communicated with burning gases air admission hole I13 and burning gases air admission hole II15 by flue respectively, and burning gases venthole II14 is communicated with burning gases air admission hole II15 by flue.
On flue that burning gases venthole I7 is communicated with burning gases air admission hole II15 and burning gases venthole II14 and flue that burning gases air admission hole II15 is communicated with, be respectively equipped with flow control valve 17.Utilize the flow control valve of installing in the flue 17 to regulate the flow of two flue internal combustion gases, thereby the preheat temperature of control gaseous fuel, make the temperature of mist in combustion gas heat exchanger outlet temperature, the hybrid chamber all be lower than ignition temperature, prevent that gaseous fuel from burning before entering combustion chamber.
Be fixed with the blast cap 18 of blind hole structure on the exhaust vent of air distribution plate 2, the sidewall of blast cap 18 is provided with blast cap aperture 19, and the exhaust vent of air distribution plate 2, blast cap aperture 19 and combustion chamber 4 are communicated with successively.Blast cap 18 adopts blind hole structure, blast cap aperture 19 is located on the sidewall of blast cap 18, the mixture 12 that can avoid sand grains and catalyst granules enters in the hybrid chamber 3 by the exhaust vent of air distribution plate 2, upwards the mist that flows blast cap aperture 19 from the sidewall is gone out the sand grains that also helps draging on the air distribution plate 2 plate faces and the mixture 12 of catalyst granules, it is more abundant that it is mixed with mist, and heat-transfer effect is better.
When using this fluidized reactor, feed gaseous fuel from the fuel gas inlet end 10 of combustion gas heat exchanger 8, feed combustion air from the combustion air inlet end 11 of combustion air heat exchanger 9, gaseous fuel and combustion air enter in the hybrid chamber 3 by tracheae after heat exchange, air outlet and the blast cap aperture 19 from blast cap 18 of abundant mixed gas by air distribution plate 2 gone out and entered combustion chamber 4 in hybrid chamber 3, draged the sand grains on the air distribution plate 2 plate faces and the mixture 12 of catalyst granules simultaneously and moved upward, when the mixture of sand grains and catalyst granules 12 moves upward with mixed airflow and the heat transferred mist of self.After temperature reaches flammable ignition point under the catalytic action of mist at catalyst granules, combustible component in the gas and the reaction of oxygen generation combustion oxidation, emit heat, part heat transferred sand grains and catalyst granules, but because the effect of gravity, the high temperature sand grains and the catalyst granules that are taken to combustion chamber 4 internal upper parts by air-flow just fall back on the air distribution plate 2 along the chamber wall, and the condition of catching fire with smooth combustion is provided for gas fuel with ultra-low concentration.Gaseous product after the combustion reaction is entered in the heat exchanging chamber of combustion gas heat exchanger 8 and combustion air heat exchanger 9 respectively by flue, and carry out heat exchange with gaseous fuel and combustion air in the heat exchanger tube, with heat transferred gaseous fuel and combustion air, with after burning gases venthole III16 on the combustion air heat exchanger 9 get rid of.
Fluidized reactor both can be used as combustion reaction device, can be used as regenerative apparatus again, not only was fit to the burning of general gaseous fuel, was more suitable for the burning of gas fuel with ultra-low concentration simultaneously.The gas fuel with ultra-low concentration burning has stronger flame stabilization ability, wider load adjustable range.When working under normal pressure, fluidized reactor not only can make gas combustion complete, and self structure is simple, long service life.
Explanation is at last, above embodiment is only unrestricted in order to technical scheme of the present invention to be described, although the present invention is had been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that, can make amendment or be equal to replacement technical scheme of the present invention, and not breaking away from the aim and the scope of technical solution of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in the middle of the claim scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. a methane concentration is lower than the combustion method of 5% gaseous fuel, it is characterized in that: adopt fluidized reactor as burner, be equipped with sand grains and catalyst granules mixture on the air distribution plate of burner; Described sand grains is a quartz sand particle, and particle diameter is 0.1～10mm; Described catalyst granules is Pa/Al
2O
3And Pt/Al
2O
3
The concrete steps of this method comprise: at first, gaseous fuel and combustion air are fed heat exchanger respectively carry out heat exchange; Then, will mix in the hybrid chamber through gaseous fuel after the heat exchange and combustion air feeding fluidized reactor; Again mixed gas is entered the combustion chamber internal combustion of described burner by described air distribution plate; Gas after the burning is as the thermal source of heat exchanger.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009101916673A CN101713535B (en) | 2009-11-30 | 2009-11-30 | Burning method of gas fuel with ultra-low concentration |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009101916673A CN101713535B (en) | 2009-11-30 | 2009-11-30 | Burning method of gas fuel with ultra-low concentration |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101713535A CN101713535A (en) | 2010-05-26 |
| CN101713535B true CN101713535B (en) | 2011-05-18 |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009101916673A Expired - Fee Related CN101713535B (en) | 2009-11-30 | 2009-11-30 | Burning method of gas fuel with ultra-low concentration |
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Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103884016B (en) * | 2014-04-14 | 2016-01-20 | 重庆大学 | The efficient catalytic burner of dust-laden sulfur-bearing low-concentration methane and combustion method |
| CN104595879A (en) * | 2015-02-02 | 2015-05-06 | 中国海洋石油总公司 | Method for increasing coefficient of heat exchange of steam-injection boiler |
| CN111322610A (en) * | 2020-03-06 | 2020-06-23 | 中国科学院青岛生物能源与过程研究所 | Fluidized bed combustion device and power generation system for ammonia gas and combustion method thereof |
Citations (6)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3844973A (en) * | 1972-05-30 | 1974-10-29 | Universal Oil Prod Co | Fluidized catalyst regeneration by oxidation in a dense phase bed and a dilute phase transport riser |
| CN101012929A (en) * | 2007-02-05 | 2007-08-08 | 东南大学 | Coal-burning installation based on calcium sulphate oxygen carrier and coal burning method |
| CN201021800Y (en) * | 2007-02-15 | 2008-02-13 | 中国科学技术大学 | A combustion device for low-thickness gas hydrocarbon |
| CN201141595Y (en) * | 2007-11-05 | 2008-10-29 | 中南大学 | Honeycomb heat-accumulation burning type catalyzer initiation device |
| CN101319781A (en) * | 2008-06-30 | 2008-12-10 | 西安交通大学 | Combustion of ultra-low concentration combustible gas and its thermal energy step utilization system |
| CN101539027A (en) * | 2009-04-24 | 2009-09-23 | 北京化工大学 | Device for treating low concentration methane in ventilation air methane (VAM) of coal mine and method thereof |
-
2009
- 2009-11-30 CN CN2009101916673A patent/CN101713535B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3844973A (en) * | 1972-05-30 | 1974-10-29 | Universal Oil Prod Co | Fluidized catalyst regeneration by oxidation in a dense phase bed and a dilute phase transport riser |
| CN101012929A (en) * | 2007-02-05 | 2007-08-08 | 东南大学 | Coal-burning installation based on calcium sulphate oxygen carrier and coal burning method |
| CN201021800Y (en) * | 2007-02-15 | 2008-02-13 | 中国科学技术大学 | A combustion device for low-thickness gas hydrocarbon |
| CN201141595Y (en) * | 2007-11-05 | 2008-10-29 | 中南大学 | Honeycomb heat-accumulation burning type catalyzer initiation device |
| CN101319781A (en) * | 2008-06-30 | 2008-12-10 | 西安交通大学 | Combustion of ultra-low concentration combustible gas and its thermal energy step utilization system |
| CN101539027A (en) * | 2009-04-24 | 2009-09-23 | 北京化工大学 | Device for treating low concentration methane in ventilation air methane (VAM) of coal mine and method thereof |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| JP特开2002-147718A 2002.05.22 |
| JP特开平10-43551A 1998.02.17 |
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| CN101713535A (en) | 2010-05-26 |
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Granted publication date: 20110518 Termination date: 20131130 |