CN101713327B - An explosive motor of a water cooling trubine - Google Patents
An explosive motor of a water cooling trubine Download PDFInfo
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- CN101713327B CN101713327B CN2009101691932A CN200910169193A CN101713327B CN 101713327 B CN101713327 B CN 101713327B CN 2009101691932 A CN2009101691932 A CN 2009101691932A CN 200910169193 A CN200910169193 A CN 200910169193A CN 101713327 B CN101713327 B CN 101713327B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
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Abstract
The invention relates to an assembly (1) of a cylinder lid (9) and a turbine (10), wherein the cylinder lid (9) can be connected with a cylinder body on an assembly end-face (24), and is provided with a cooling liquid sheath (2, 2a, 2b) at least part of which is integrated inside the cylinder lid (9); and at least two cylinders are provided, each of which is provided with at least one exhaust valve (3, 3a, 3b) that exhausts air from the cylinder; one exhausting pipe (4, 4a, 4b) is connected with each exhaust valve (3, 3a, 3b); and, in the cylinder lid, exhausting pipes (4, 4a, 4b, 5) of at least two cylinders form a integrated exhaust manifold in the cylinder lid (9), and then integrate into a total exhausting pipe (6). Purpose of the invention lie in providing an assembly (1), which is optimized in tha aspect of cost of manufacture. The purpose is achieved by the above assembly (1), characterized in that the turbine (10) with a turbine shroud (16) is assembled the cooling liquid sheath (18) for constituting a liquid cooling equipment, wherein the cooling liquid sheath (2, 2a, 2b) integrated in the cylinder lid (9) is connected with the cooling liquid sheath (18) of the turbine (10).
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the assemblying body of a kind of cylinder head and turbine, wherein said cylinder head-be connected with cylinder block in assembled end,-be equipped with a local at least coolant jacket that is incorporated on the cylinder head,-have at least two cylinders, wherein each cylinder has at least one is discharged exhaust from cylinder exhaust valve, connect an outlet pipe at each exhaust valve, and in cylinder head, the outlet pipe of-at least two cylinders is gathered into a total air escape pipe form the gas exhaust manifold of an integration in cylinder head after.Background technique
Explosive motor has a cylinder block and a cylinder head, and they are connected to each other and form an independent cylinder, and namely the firing chamber wherein arranges boring for connection at cylinder block and cylinder head.In when assembling, with the assembled end of cylinder block and cylinder head mutually stacked so that both boring be aligned with each other, thereby cylinder block and cylinder head are installed together mutually.Then by in the boring of cylinder block and cylinder head, inserting and screw screw bolt both are coupled together.
The cylinder bore hole that cylinder block has some is used for admitting piston or cylinder sleeve.Described piston is can be axially in cylinder sleeve movable, and it forms the firing chamber of explosive motor with cylinder sleeve and cylinder head.Therefore, the firing chamber is always jointly limited by piston, cylinder sleeve and cylinder head and jointly consists of.For making combustion chamber sealing, a liner is set between cylinder block and cylinder head.
Cylinder head is commonly used to admit valve bandle set.In order to control ventilation, explosive motor need to be regulated utensil and be used for the control apparatus of regulating and controlling utensil.When ventilation, at first the gas after the burning is discharged from through exhaust valve, and then the firing chamber is filled, and namely the firing chamber sucks fresh mix gas or fresh air by intake valve.For regulating ventilation, four stroke engine almost only uses poppet valve as regulating utensil, and it can carry out the linear reciprocating motion of vibration when explosive motor moves, by this method opening and closing intake valve and exhaust valve.The necessary tappet gear of valve motion comprises that valve itself is called as valve mechanism.
The purpose of valve mechanism is in time intake valve and the exhaust valve of opening and closing firing chamber, in its unlatching or closing process, make every effort to form fast large as far as possible fluid section, so that can flow into or effluent air stream in keep MIN restriction loss, can guarantee that incoming mixture can as far as possible preferably be full of the firing chamber and can guarantee in other words with exhaust effectively, fully discharge.According to the prior art situation, therefore the firing chamber is equipped with two or more intake valves and exhaust valve usually and more and more.
According to the prior art situation, the exhaust passage that guides to the gas-entered passageway of intake valve and be connected to exhaust valve in other words outlet pipe is integrated in the cylinder head at least in part.Wherein, the outlet pipe of single cylinder block valve, inner at cylinder head, pool a part outlet pipe that is attached to this cylinder, then these part outlet pipes converge to integrate and form an independently total air escape pipe.Converge the total air escape pipe that forms by outlet pipe and be called as in the present invention gas exhaust manifold.
Exhaust continues to move along at least one manifold, may be drawn towards turbine and/or one or more exhaust after treatment system of exhaust turbine supercharger.
For this reason, people make every effort to arrange exhaust turbine supercharger as far as possible close to the relief opening of explosive motor on the one hand, so that optimization ground utilizes the exhaust enthalpy of the high-temperature exhaust air that depends primarily on drain pressure and the discarded temperature of exhaust in this way, and guarantee the fast switching respective performances of turbosupercharger.On the other hand, the path that high-temperature exhaust air leads to different exhaust after treatment system also should be lacked as much as possible, thereby make exhaust obtain at short notice cooling, and make exhaust after treatment system reach as quickly as possible running temperature or cranking temperature, particularly after the cold starting of explosive motor.
Consider this ATM layer relationsATM, thereby make every effort in principle reduce thermal inertia at the outlet pipe parts between cylinder block valve and the exhaust after treatment system or between cylinder block valve and turbine, and this point can realize by quality and the length that reduces described parts.
In order to achieve the above object, according to a solution of prior art state, outlet pipe is converged to together by at least one gas exhaust manifold that is configured in the integration in the cylinder head.
By being integrated in the cylinder head, the length of outlet pipe has been shortened.On the one hand, reduced thus piping volume, the exhaust volume in the turbine upstream exhaust pipe namely, thus improved the corresponding switching capacity of turbine.On the other hand, the outlet pipe that is shortened is also so that reduced in the thermal inertia of the vent systems of turbine upstream, thereby make the Exhaust temperature rise at turbine inlet place, therefore, the enthalpy of the exhaust at turbine inlet place has also just raise, and the exhaust after treatment system that may be arranged on the turbine upstream just can reach essential running temperature quickly.
In addition, outlet pipe converges in cylinder internal and can also make gear unit have compact package.
Object of the present invention also is a kind of like this cylinder head that matches with at least two cylinders, and in described cylinder head, each exhaust valve is connected with an outlet pipe, and a plurality of outlet pipes of described at least two cylinders pool a total air escape pipe in cylinder head inside.
But a kind of cylinder head of structure like this need bear higher heat load than traditional cylinder head that is equipped with external manifold, thereby aspect cooling higher requirement is arranged.
In the heat that heat release and chemical change in when burning by fuel discharges, some passes to cylinder head and cylinder block by the inwall that limits the firing chamber, and a part passes to adjacent part and surrounding environment by exhaust stream.For the heat load with cylinder head remains in certain limit, a part that is passed in the hot-fluid of cylinder head must migrate out from cylinder head again.
Because the thermal capacitance of the heat capacity ratio air of liquid is much higher, thereby compares with air cooling equipment, liquid cooling equipment can be taken away more heat, so the cylinder head in the present technique invention is equipped with liquid cooling equipment.
Liquid cooling equipment needs cylinder head to be equipped with a coolant jacket, namely install and use so that cooling liquid flows the coolant duct through cylinder head, and this will cause the structure complicated of cylinder cover construction.By introducing coolant duct, weakened on the one hand the intensity of the cylinder head that is bearing high degree of mechanical load and heat load here.At first it is passed to cylinder head surface in order to derive heat like that when on the other hand, being unlike in the air cooling.Heat has just passed to cooling liquid in cylinder head inside, and described cooling liquid normally is mixed with the water of additive.Here, cooling liquid is to carry by means of the pump that is installed in the cooling cycle system, and like this, cooling liquid just can circulate in coolant jacket.The heat that passes to cooling liquid is derived from the inside of cylinder head by this method, and the heat in the cooling liquid then is diverted in heat exchanger once more.
When liquid refrigerating equipment and corresponding refrigerating efficiency thereof were carried out appropriate design, cylinder head may be fully or at least in part by the aluminium manufacturing, because compare with adopting resistant to elevated temperatures austenite steel, uses aluminium to have cost advantage.In addition, make cylinder head with aluminium and can alleviate the weight of cylinder head, thereby alleviate the weight of whole power plant.
Refrigerating efficiency preferably should reach such high level, so that need not to reduce delivery temperature as among EP 1 722 090 A2 for example write rich turning sludge into fuel (λ＜1), add this mode of fuel from the angle of energy for reducing delivery temperature, particularly consider the fuel consumption of explosive motor, and from the angle of discharge harmful, all be disadvantageous.Because increasing in the situation of fuel, the fuel that sprays into is more than the fuel that can burn with the air that provides, and at this moment, extra fuel is heated equally and evaporates, thereby has reduced the temperature of combustion gas product.Particularly will start in this way explosive motor, rich turning sludge into fuel is always unessential, for example then is absolutely necessary for the exhaust after treatment system of appointment, that is to say, in the existence in service of the explosive motor constraint to it.
Outlet pipe converges in cylinder head, that is to say and be integrated at least one gas exhaust manifold, on cylinder head, assemble in an advantageous manner simultaneously liquid cooling equipment, both combine and just can heat cooling liquid quickly when the explosive motor cold starting, thereby preheating explosive motor quickly, and, if be equipped with the heating equipment that drives with cooling liquid in the Motor Vehicle main cabin, heated up in the main cabin.
If further notice, now developed the motor of small-sized height supercharging, and this development trend is also continuing, so clearly, develop in practice efficient Control device of liquid cooling and had increasing meaning, because compare with traditional explosive motor, the heat load of supercharged engine enlarges markedly.
Just as at object of the present invention, namely the same in the described assemblying body, for the supercharging of explosive motor, also exhaust turbine supercharger can be set, in this exhaust turbine supercharger, the coaxial setting of gas compressor and turbine; High-temperature exhaust air stream is introduced turbine, it is reduced pressure by releasing energy in turbine, the energy that wherein discharges drives above-mentioned axis rotation.The energy that is transferred to turbine and finally passes to axle from exhaust stream also is used to drive co-axially fixed gas compressor or compressor.Gas compressor is carried and compression introducing pressurized air wherein, has so just realized supercharge cylinders.
Particularly turbine is installed near the turbine next door the motor, turbine and cylinder head is linked together or rather with exactlying, also owing to narrow position relationship, difficult.According to the prior art situation, turbine disposes flange at the entrance region place, and is bolted and is fixed on the cylinder head.In addition, the entrance region place round turbine is provided with boss in order to screw in bolt.
Must be noted that at the structural design aspect of turbine shroud, in order to assemble turbine and cylinder head, need to enough positions be set to assembly tool around boss, like this assembly tool ability and bolt engagement.The structural requirement of this turbine shroud causes housing relatively large, and namely size is huge, and turbine wheel is installed in the position far away apart from the turbine inlet location, will bring many defectives like this, particularly weight increases, and the structure space demand is larger, and the switching performance of turbine descends.
The cost of production of turbine is relatively high, and is usually nickeliferous because be used for bearing the turbine shroud of high heat load, cost of material and very high, and particularly to compare cost very high with the material (for example aluminium) that cylinder head preferably uses.Not only the cost of material own is relatively high, and it is also higher that the material that turbine shroud uses is carried out processing cost.Summary of the invention
Under aforementioned background, the objective of the invention is, a kind of assemblying body according to technical solution of the present invention formation new technique is provided, this assemblying body has especially been considered the optimization of cost of production.
Purpose of the present invention is solved by the assemblying body of invention cylinder head and turbine, wherein, described cylinder head-can be connected with a cylinder block in assembled end,-be equipped with a local at least coolant jacket that is incorporated on the cylinder head,-have at least two cylinders, wherein each cylinder has at least one is discharged exhaust from cylinder exhaust valve, connect an outlet pipe at each exhaust valve, and the outlet pipe of-at least two cylinders pools a total air escape pipe in the mode that forms the gas exhaust manifold of an integration in cylinder head in cylinder head.And, it is characterized in that-turbine cartridge with turbine shroud is useful on the coolant jacket that consists of liquid cooling equipment, wherein, be incorporated into coolant jacket in the cylinder head and the coolant jacket of turbine and link together.
According to the present invention, cylinder head and turbine all are equipped with coolant jacket.Turbine according to prior art is realized cooling by means of air cooling equipment, and it shifts heat by the air-flow of blowing over the turbine shroud surface, and/or by the thermal radiation cooling, the turbine of having used assemblying body of the present invention then has liquid cooling equipment.
Because liquid cooling equipment is compared with air cooling equipment and had much higher cooling effectiveness, thereby when producing turbine or turbine shroud, just need not or use with only needing at the most small part the material that can bear high heat load.According to the present invention, just no longer need or can use less significantly expensive, usually nickeliferous, material.
Favourable mode of execution is that turbine shroud is at least part of made of aluminum.This compares with the common material of employing has cost advantage.Produce turbine shroud with aluminium in addition and also can alleviate its weight.
Assemblying body of the present invention is particularly useful for owing to higher delivery temperature needs the effectively boosting explosive motor of the cooling equipment of optimization.
Therefore following mode of execution also is favourable, that is, turbine is the constituent element of exhaust turbine supercharger, and turbine shroud is the constituent element of turbocharger housing.
According to the present invention, the coolant jacket that is incorporated in the cylinder head links to each other with the coolant jacket of turbine, all the other need only with simple form setting in principle for the structure requisite part of cool cycles and external member like this, the cool cycles that just can be used for turbine also can be used for the cool cycles of cylinder head, thereby can collaborative work, and save considerable cost, certainly can also weight reduction.Therefore, favourable scheme is a pump only to be set be used for liquid circulation, and a container is used for the storage cooling liquid.The heat that passes to cooling liquid in cylinder head and in the turbine shroud can move away from cooling liquid in common heat exchanger again.
In addition, because cooling liquid can be offered the coolant jacket of turbine by cylinder head, so other cooling liquid input and delivery outlet needn't be set, do not need other coolant duct on turbine shroud yet.
Like this, purpose of the present invention has just been solved, and namely provides a kind of according to the described assemblying body of technical solution of the present invention, and described assemblying body has particularly obtained optimization aspect cost of production.
Even the cylinder head of an assemblying body has 3 or more cylinders, and only has the outlet pipe of two cylinders to converge to a total air escape pipe in the cylinder head, is assemblying body of the present invention too.
Assemblying body of the present invention equally also comprises a kind of like this embodiment, in this embodiment, cylinder head for example has the cylinder that 4 orders are installed, and inner at cylinder head, the outlet pipe of the outlet pipe of the cylinder of outer installation and the cylinder of inner installation is pooled to a total air escape pipe separately.
Have in 3 or the more cylinder situations, therefore the embodiment of following assemblying body also is useful, wherein,-at least 3 cylinders that arrange in the following manner, namely be divided into two groups, every group comprises respectively a cylinder at least, and ,-outlet pipe of the cylinder of each cylinder group accumulates a total air escape pipe separately with the form that becomes a gas exhaust manifold in the cylinder head internal integration.
The embodiment of this assemblying body is specially adapted to the turbine of double hose or the turbine of two entry-types.The double hose turbine has two inlet channeles at entrance region, and wherein two total air escape pipes are connected by this way with this double hose turbine, that is, each root total air escape pipe passes into respectively in the inlet channel.The exhaust stream that guides in two total air escape pipes may be in the turbine downstream, rather than converges in the turbine upstream as it is.If outlet pipe is assembled with a kind of like this mode, namely so that high pressure, particularly initial load is discharged and can be held, and so double hose turbine be specially adapted to pulse supercharging or force supercharging is even if because it also can realize high turbosupercharging ratio when the slow-speed of revolution.
When using a plurality of turbines and exhaust turbine supercharger, cylinder or outlet pipe are divided into groups, so that wherein every total air escape pipe links to each other with a turbine, also be good.
Cylinder is disposed in suitable mode, namely with it such as converging with such form or being separated from each other, so that the dynamic wave process produces the least possible negative effect in the outlet pipe of cylinder group, like this, just outlet pipe can be pooled two or many total air escape pipes in principle.Preferably, should make the pressure wave of propagating in outlet pipe is not mutual weakening, and make the cylinder in the cylinder group have large as far as possible drop in their working procedure, the cylinder that is included in like this in the cylinder group just can not have a negative impact mutually when ventilation, namely can mutually not hinder.
Because the pipe range of single outlet pipe has shortened by being incorporated in the cylinder head, thereby in principle also so that the danger that cylinder hinders when ventilation mutually, the in other words danger that has a negative impact in the outlet pipe of cylinder of dynamic wave process has increased, and these danger should be avoided in fact.Thus, the grouping of cylinder is favourable, particularly considers according to the present invention outlet pipe has been incorporated into cylinder head, because in this way so that exhaust stream is separated from each other before arriving total air escape pipe at least.
About said assemblying body, such embodiment is favourable, and in these embodiments, for guaranteeing enough coolings, the coolant jacket of cylinder head extends between two total air escape pipes.
At outlet pipe, also may be the part outlet pipe that beginning is mentioned, pool the zone of a total air escape pipe, may assemble at this from a plurality of cylinder high-temperature exhaust airs, so the heat load of the cylinder head in this scope is especially high.This has more reasons equally.
On the one hand, in afflux district or total air escape pipe, there is more exhaust to pass through, and in contrast, in being connected to an independent outlet pipe of cylinder exhaust valve, the air inlet that only is subject to the exhaust of a cylinder or a part of gas is wherein impacted, that is to say, pass to that maybe can to pass to the cylinder head heat and cause the absolute magnitude of the exhaust that cylinder head heats up be maximum in afflux district or total air escape pipe.
On the other hand, afflux district and total air escape pipe almost are subject to continuously the air inlet of high-temperature exhaust air and impact, and in contrast, the outlet pipe of cylinder only just has high-temperature exhaust air stream to pass through when each cylinder ventilation, in other words, for four-stroke ic engine, during two weeks of crankshaft rotating in for once high-temperature exhaust air stream pass through cylinder exhaust pipe.
Need consider that in addition in the inflow scope of total air escape pipe, namely in the scope in afflux district, the exhaust stream of single outlet pipe must be turned to more or less strongly, so that outlet pipe can accumulate a total air escape pipe.Each exhaust stream is in the part scope in this scope at least, has one perpendicular to the velocity component of outlet pipe inwall, like this, by the convection current transferring heat, thereby has increased extraly the heat load of cylinder head.
For above-mentioned reasons, at total air escape pipe next door cooling cylinder lid, dispose or rather liquid refrigerating equipment, it is favourable namely coolant jacket being at least partially disposed between two total air escape pipes.
Certainly such embodiment also is favourable, and in these embodiments, the outlet pipe of whole cylinders of cylinder head pools a unique or common total air escape pipe in cylinder head inside.
The embodiment of the assemblying body that other are favourable will set forth together with each technological scheme.
The embodiment of such assemblying body is favourable, in these embodiments, the coolant jacket that is incorporated in the cylinder head has a bottom coolant jacket and upper coolant cover, the former is arranged between outlet pipe and the cylinder head assembled end, and the latter is arranged on the relative side of outlet pipe up and down section coolant jacket.
Wherein, such embodiment of described assemblying body is favourable, and in these embodiments, bottom coolant jacket and/or upper coolant cover link together with the coolant jacket of turbine.
The embodiment of such assemblying body is favourable, in these embodiments, a side that deviates from described at least two cylinders at the integration gas exhaust manifold is provided with the joint that at least one is used for connecting described upper coolant cover and bottom coolant jacket, so that cooling liquid is passed, described joint and outlet pipe maintain the interval.
Described cylinder head has at least one joint, and it is arranged on the cylinder head outer wall, that is to say the outside at described at least one integration gas exhaust manifold.
This joint is an outlet, passage of flowing through more precisely, and it couples together bottom coolant jacket and upper coolant cover, and cooling liquid can flow and/or reverse flow from the bottom coolant jacket to the top coolant jacket by it.
Therefore on the one hand, in fact cooling equipment also exists in the outer wall scope of cylinder head, and according to prior art, described in EP 1 722 090 A2, for the compact this design of implementation structure has been abandoned.On the other hand, the vertical stream of traditional cooling liquid, namely cooling liquid is replenished by the cooling liquid crossing current along the flowing of the y direction of cylinder head, and described crossing current is horizontally through vertical stream, and its preferred mode is approximately along flowing on the casing longitudinal axis direction.Shift the cooling liquid stream that transmits by described at least one joint dissipation of heat is played conclusive effect.Particularly carry out corresponding construction by the cross-sectional dimension to described at least one joint, just can reach the purpose that affects the cooling liquid speed in the joint, thereby can affect the dissipation of heat in described at least one joint scope.
Thereby such embodiment also is particularly advantageous, and in these embodiments, bottom and upper coolant cover are not to be connected in the gamut of outer wall, and its connection is only to extend by described at least one joint to realize in the part scope of outer wall.Like this, the flow velocity in this at least one joint has been enhanced, thereby makes the heat transmission also obtain reinforcement by convection current.This scheme is also showing advantage aspect the mechanical stability of cylinder head.
Cooling equipment can further be optimized improvement in the following manner: make a pressure difference between the coolant jacket of upper and lower, in this way so that the speed in this at least one joint again improve, thereby strengthen the heat transmission that occurs by convection current.
If the coolant jacket of bottom coolant jacket and upper coolant cover and turbine or the coolant jacket by turbine are connected to each other be in the same place, a kind of like this pressure difference is also beneficial.Pressure difference helps to promote cooling liquid as driving force in the coolant jacket of turbine.
Such embodiment is favourable, and in these embodiments, described at least one joint fully is integrated in the outer wall of cylinder head.These embodiments are different from for example following structure of cylinder head, and an opening is namely arranged in outer wall, and this opening is used for cooling liquid is inputted into the upper and lower coolant jacket, perhaps cooling liquid is derived from the upper and lower coolant jacket.
When making cylinder head, described at least one joint can outwards open passway be used to such as in the casting cycle by it during this period fully, in order to remove core or fixing core.But, with said embodiment correspondingly, the cylinder head of described completion of processing has at least one fully integrated joint at outer wall at this moment, will close the entrance that leads to joint that may arrange for this reason.
Assemblying body also can be implemented so in principle, and in these assemblying bodys, the input of cooling liquid and/or output are carried out in stating the scope of at least one joint, for this reason from this at least one joint at least one path that need to diverge out.Cooling liquid input and output are used for cooling liquid feed fluid chiller plant and form refrigeration cycle.Joint also can be connected with the coolant jacket of turbine, particularly is connected by this way, that is, the supply of the liquid refrigerating equipment of turbine realizes by described at least one joint.
Such embodiment is favourable, in these embodiments, distance between described at least one joint and the total air escape pipe is than the diameter of cylinder, and the radius that cans be compared to cylinder most is the least, and wherein said distance refers to the distance from the outer wall of total air escape pipe to the outer wall of joint.Like this, this at least one joint helps preferentially to cool off afflux district, in other words total air escape pipe environs.Relate to the top further embodiment who does for the high heat load of this respect.
Such embodiment is favourable, in these embodiments, is provided with at least two joints in the both sides opposite one another of total air escape pipe.These at least two joints are symmetricly set in the scope of outer wall and must consider such situation, that is, the air outlet duct system that is incorporated in the cylinder head also should be constructed in principle symmetrically.The setting consistent with each other of vent systems and cooling equipment also makes the temperature distribution symmetrization in the cylinder head.
Such embodiment is favourable, and in these embodiments, turbine and cylinder head are parts independently, and their intensity is complementary, shape is complementary and/or material is configured to assemblying body matchingly.
By modular design and at first have the following advantages by turbine and cylinder head are engaged the assemblying body that forms, its single parts, be turbine or cylinder head according to the modular design principle also can with miscellaneous part, especially other cylinder head or turbine are grouped together.This many-sided use possibility can increase the workpiece number usually, thereby can reduce the cost of production of single parts.
Such embodiment also is favourable, and in these embodiments, described turbine shell is incorporated in the cylinder head at least in part, so that the parts of at least one forming as one of part of described cylinder head and turbine shell.
Advantageously described unitary member was configured to one and watered foundry goods this moment, and wherein preferentially available aluminium casting forms, and compares with adopting steel, adopts aluminium can reduce especially significantly component weight.Equally, the processing cost of aluminum enclosure is also lower.
However, the parts of integrated design also can be made by spheroidal graphite cast iron or other casting materials.Because no matter adopt which kind of material, the parts of integrated design still comprise these advantages, the composite unit structure of described compactness particularly, reduced weight by removing unnecessary connected element in principle, turbine is arranged near the motor and has made its improved switching respective performances and other similar advantage.
Near setting and the compact structure of turbine motor especially can be realized, because needn't consider the path problem of assembly tool for the topology layout of turbine shroud again.The housing relative volume is less, and the turbine of turbosupercharger can be arranged near the entrance position.
Be at least partially integrated in turbine shroud in the cylinder head so that more simple according to being connected of the coolant jacket that is incorporated into coolant jacket and turbine in the cylinder head of the present invention.A part that is incorporated into the coolant jacket in the cylinder head also can be set together with the coolant jacket of turbine simultaneously, the connection that such two scripts independently freeze between the outer cover in fact just no longer exists or no longer needs to have made up, and the design opposite with the present invention needed originally.
By integrated setting, just no longer need to have constructed airtight, resistant to elevated temperatures, expensive connection in principle.Therefore, the danger of overflowing that the exhaust that is caused by leakage is not expected to environment also no longer exists.Similarly, the danger that is related to the leakage of the joint of liquid circulation or coolant jacket and cooling liquid also no longer exists.
If turbine is the constituent element of exhaust turbine supercharger, then these embodiments are useful, in these embodiments, the axle of exhaust turbine supercharger and whole pre-installation turbines and compressor rotor are as independently prefabricated structural group component, for example with the form of little case, when assembling, be inserted in the turbine shroud or turbocharger housing that is incorporated in the cylinder head.Can significantly shorten installation time like this.
As long as used exhaust turbine supercharger, that is to say that turbine is a part of exhaust turbine supercharger, so basically in other words whole all will be such a case in according to assemblying body of the present invention, namely, housing not only holds the constituent element of turbine, and it also holds the constituent element of gas compressor.Thus, housing also has been used as compressor housings.
Integrated by turbine shroud, described assemblying body necessary structure space in the engine compartment of Motor Vehicle has obtained further reducing.The integrated of other constituent elements is useful.Fresh air pipe can be connected to compressor is gas compressor, and draws fresh air pipe from gas compressor, for example pipeline is communicated to the inlet end of cylinder head from blower outlet.Also fresh air pipe can be incorporated on the lid of cylinder head further, it can be by a conduit bridge joint to the distance of compressor housings, and this conduit also can be the part of cylinder head.
Because integration and cooling according to resistant to elevated temperatures structure member of the present invention have been arranged, traditional thermal baffle has just no longer needed, and according to prior art, described thermal baffle is used for covering gas exhaust manifold and/or turbine shroud, with the structure member of the vicinity under the protection high temperature.
These embodiments of assemblying body are favourable, and in these embodiments, each cylinder has at least two exhaust valves and is used for discharging exhaust from cylinder.As the time mentioning in beginning, in the process of when ventilation exhaust being discharged, primary target is to form as quickly as possible large as far as possible fluid cross-section, effectively exhaust is derived guaranteeing, the exhaust valve that therefore arranges more than is favourable.
Such embodiment is favourable, in these embodiments, and between the outlet pipe of at least one cylinder---and these outlet pipes keep intervals---and between bottom coolant jacket and upper coolant cover, at least one joint is set.Can realize cooling in the place that exhaust valve directly closes in this way, consider that exhaust temperature when discharging cylinder is the highest, thereby this be useful.
These embodiments of assemblying body are favourable, in these embodiments, the outlet pipe of at least two exhaust valves of each cylinder at first pools a part outlet pipe that belongs to this cylinder, and then the part outlet pipe of described at least two cylinders pools total air escape pipe again.
Like this, the total kilometres of all outlet pipes have just shortened.This mode that pools step by step total air escape pipe of outlet pipe so that the cylinder head arrangement compactness volume is less in other words, thereby particularly help weight reduction.And in engine compartment, realize more efficiently packing.
At this moment, such embodiment is favourable, in these embodiments, and between the part outlet pipe of at least two adjacent cylinders---and these outlet pipes keep intervals---and between bottom coolant jacket and upper coolant cover, at least one joint is set.
Usually be converging in the process of fork-shaped at the part outlet pipe, the gradually attenuation of thickness of the tube wall that the part outlet pipe is separated from each other, so particularly these tube walls need bear high temperature in converging the scope of actual generation.Therefore the joint that arranges for the heat conduction purpose, namely the cooling channel is useful.These considerations and relation are equally applicable to an aforementioned embodiment of cylinder head, wherein between the outlet pipe of at least one cylinder, at least one joint are set between bottom coolant jacket and upper coolant cover.
More such embodiments of cylinder head also are favourable certainly, and in these embodiments, each cylinder has an exhaust valve and is used for discharging exhaust from this cylinder.
At this moment, such embodiment is favourable, in these embodiments, and between the outlet pipe of at least one cylinder---and these outlet pipes keep intervals---and between bottom coolant jacket and upper coolant cover, at least one joint is set.
Such embodiment of assemblying body may be favourable in principle, in these embodiments, separate outlet pipe at the gas exhaust manifold of integrating towards that sides of at least two cylinders at least one joint is set, and make this connection part between bottom coolant jacket and upper coolant cover, described joint is used for cooling liquid is passed, to reduce the temperature of cylinder head.
More such embodiments of assemblying body are favourable, in these embodiments, more such embodiments of assemblying body are favourable, in these embodiments, be provided with the tapping point that removes from cylinder head for exhaust on integrated gas exhaust manifold next door, at this tapping point, the exhaust that at least a portion derives from cylinder can be removed from gas exhaust manifold, wherein be connected with bypass duct in the lower end of tapping point, the exhaust that removes out can guide from the turbine next door by this bypass duct.
For getting around turbine, bypass duct diverges out the gas exhaust manifold in being integrated in cylinder head in cylinder head, this structurally can realize like this: the gas exhaust manifold next door in cylinder head arranges a tapping point that is used for removing exhaust, and described bypass duct is connected to this tapping point.
Bypass duct and possible control mechanism are set not in turbine or in the turbine shroud now.So just reduced the volume and weight of the turbine installed, particularly because the remarkable reduction of housing processing cost, so reduced cost of production.Considering assemblying body and whole gear unit compact structure, so also is useful.
Also can be provided for the pipeline of exhaust gas recirculatioon.
At this moment, such embodiment is favourable, in these embodiments, in cylinder head, be provided with the conduit for exhaust gas recirculatioon, its gas exhaust manifold in being incorporated into cylinder head the fork and go out, by means of this conduit, the part of the exhaust of deriving from cylinder can be removed the gas exhaust manifold in cylinder head.
The turbine of installing can with variable turbine geometry assembling, can make turbine be adapted to each operating mode of explosive motor by adjustment turbine geometry or effective turbine cross section.Here, at the entrance position of turbine turbine blade is set and affects airflow direction.Opposite with the working blade of the turbine that rotates, turbine blade does not rotate with the axle of turbine.
If turbine has fixing constant geometrical shape, then turbine blade is not only regularly, and also fully fixedly installs in addition, that is to say to be fixed on the ingress.If adopt in contrast the turbine of form-varied, although then turbine blade is set to staticly, be not completely fixed, but can rotate around its axle, can affect like this rotation of working blade.
More such embodiments of assemblying body are favourable, and in these embodiments, turbine is an axial-flow turbine.In axial-flow turbine, working blade is axial rotation basically, that is to say by this way to rotate, namely its axial velocity component specific diameter to velocity component want large.If rotate and to carry out vertically accurately, the velocity vector of the turbine rotation axle or the axis that are parallel to exhaust turbine supercharger moves so.
The use of axial-flow turbine so that in the radial turbine compulsory essential in other words in principle essential inevitably radially the input by the exhaust of shaped spiral housing or volute body seem unnecessary, thus, the pressure loss of the exhaust that is caused by deflection reduces, and the exhaust heat content of ingress raises in the turbine.
Such embodiment is favourable, and in these embodiments, the entrance position of axial-flow turbine is that exhaust is the axial turbine that flows to like this with the coaxial expansion of the axle of axial-flow turbine and structure.Exhaust flows in such a way turbine and has stoped larger in the exhaust stream or the obvious pressure loss.In addition, adopt the entrance position of axial-flow turbine and like this setting so that encapsulation is tight as far as possible, particularly it has reduced quality and the length of the outlet pipe between cylinder and the turbine.
Yet in axial-flow turbine, shaped spiral housing or the volute body to launch around mode also can be arranged in the entrance position that is used for the input exhaust, particularly when assembly environment needs.
Such embodiment is favourable, and in these embodiments, turbine is radial turbine.The accompanying drawing summary
The below conducts further description the present invention by means of two embodiments according to Fig. 1 to 3.Here: Fig. 1 is the simplification plan view of having showed according to the first embodiment's of assemblying body the core that is incorporated into the outlet pipe in the cylinder head; Fig. 2 has showed core shown in Figure 1 and the perspective view that is incorporated into the coolant jacket in the cylinder head; Fig. 3 is the second embodiment's of assemblying body cross-sectional view.Reference numeral 1 Combination of 2 The cylinder head coolant jacket 2a Lower cooling liquid jacket 2b Upper cooling fluid sleeve 3 The exhaust valve 3a First exhaust valve 3b second exhaust valve 4 exhaust pipe 4a first exhaust pipe 4b second exhaust pipe 5 part exhaust pipe 6 total exhaust pipe 7 connecting portion 8 entry site, collector region 9 cylinder head 10 turbine 11 the intake valve 11a first intake valve 11b II the intake valve 12 inlet 13 sand core 14 flange connection 15 optional connection portion 16 turbine housing 17 screw housing 18 turbine coolant sleeve 19 turbine 20 shaft 21 the intake valves 22 exhaust valve 23 plug 24 mounting face 25 coolant jacket preferred embodiment of the connecting portion detailed description
Figure 1 shows that and be incorporated into outlet pipe 4a, the 4b, 5 in the cylinder head, 6 core 13 according to the first embodiment of assemblying body.
Fig. 1 has shown outlet pipe 4a, the 4b, 5,6 that is incorporated in the cylinder head indirectly, therefore also represents outlet pipe 4a, 4b, 5,6 with reference character.
That core 13 shown in Figure 1 and the gas exhaust manifold of integrating relate to is outlet pipe 4a, the 4b, 5,6 of the cylinder head of four cylinder in line engine.In four cylinders each has two exhaust valve 3a, 3b, wherein is connected with respectively outlet pipe 4a, 4b at each exhaust valve 3a, 3b.
Outlet pipe 4a, the 4b of each cylinder converges to a part outlet pipe 5 that belongs to this cylinder, and wherein part outlet pipe 5 connects and continues to pool a total air escape pipe 6 along this direction.
---spaced apart with these part outlet pipes 5---between the part outlet pipe 5 of two adjacent cylinders joint 15 is set alternatively, described connection part is between bottom coolant jacket and upper coolant cover (shown in dashed circle).These selectable joints 15 are arranged on gas exhaust manifold towards cylinder one side, and are positioned at gas exhaust manifold inside.
The cooling in the afflux district 8 of high temperature is born in selectable joint 15 promotions, and all the exhaust stream of cylinders converges, and also just says to be gathered in this.The whole exhausts of explosive motor also can be described as the entrance position 8 of part outlet pipe 5 through this afflux district 8, and part outlet pipe 5 imports total air escape pipe 6 here, and in contrast, outlet pipe 3a, the 3b of cylinder is only temporary transient to be flowed through by high-temperature exhaust air.In addition, exhaust stream is diverted in the zone in afflux district 8.
On the outer wall of cylinder head, the position of drawing of total air escape pipe 6 is provided with two joints 7, and described connection part is between bottom coolant jacket and upper coolant cover, and it is used for equally cooling liquid and flows through (shown in dotted ellipse).
Joint 7 is installed in the vicinity of total air escape pipe 6, namely in the scope near afflux district 8, converges at this scope inside exhaust pipe 4a, 4b, 5,6 and to be total air escape pipe 6.
Fig. 2 be core shown in Figure 1 13 with cylinder head in the perspective view of the coolant jacket 2 integrated.
Coolant jacket 2 comprises a bottom coolant jacket 2a and a upper coolant cover 2b, the former is arranged between the assembled end (seeing Fig. 3) of outlet pipe 5 and a unshowned cylinder head, the latter be installed in outlet pipe 5 with opposed that side of bottom coolant jacket 2a.
On the outer wall of cylinder head, in total air escape pipe 6 outsides, be provided with two joints 7, described connection part is between bottom coolant jacket 2a and upper coolant cover 2b, and it again is used for cooling liquid and flows through.
Bottom and upper coolant overlap 2a, 2b not on the Zone Full of outer wall, and only connect in the part area of outer wall, and next-door neighbour's total air escape pipe 6.
Two joints 7 are installed near the zone that outlet pipe 5 pools total air escape pipe 6, and are high especially in heat load of this place's cylinder head.
Two joints 7 also can make the outer wall scope of cylinder head obtain cooling, and the vertical stream that carries out in upper and lower coolant jacket 2a, 2b---along cylinder head y direction---is replenished by two cooling liquid streams that cross vertical stream.The flow direction of cooling liquid as shown by arrows.
In order after the casting of cylinder head, to remove core 13, two entrances 12 are set in the scope of joint 7, it is closed after removing core 13, and joint 7 is fully integrated on outer wall like this.Entrance 12 also is used for fixing or supporting core 13 in casting cycle.
What can also find out is that each cylinder not only has two exhaust valve 3a, 3b, also has two intake valve 11a, 11b.
Two cooling liquid joints 25 are delineated in the drawings, its be positioned at the top of total air escape pipe 6 and below, the coolant jacket that is incorporated into coolant jacket 2,2a, 2b and turbine in the cylinder head links together by these two joints.The upper coolant cover 2b of cylinder head and the bottom coolant jacket 2a of cylinder head are separately by the liquid refrigerating equipment of a cooling liquid joint 25 with turbine, and the coolant jacket that namely is arranged in the turbine shroud is connected.
Fig. 3 is the second embodiment's the cross-sectional view of the assemblying body 1 of cylinder head 9 and turbine 10.Cylinder head 9 can be connected with cylinder block by assembled end 24, is fixed on the cylinder head 9 and turbine 10 can connect 14 by flange.Thereby this assemblying body 1 is modular construction, and turbine 10 and cylinder head 9 are the parts that originally separate, and their strength connects to form assemblying body 1 with matching.
Cylinder obtains incoming mixture via intake valve 11 when ventilation, and described intake valve is closed or opened by suction valve 21.Gas after the burning is discharged by exhaust valve 3, and described exhaust valve is connected with outlet pipe 4 and cuts out or open by outlet valve 22.Igniting lights a fire to excite by means of external source, and this external source igniting adopts spark plug 23 to realize.
Outlet pipe 4 pools a total air escape pipe 6 behind the gas exhaust manifold that forms an one in cylinder head 9, wherein total air escape pipe 6 imports or walk around the entrance position of turbine 10.High-temperature exhaust air imports in the turbine 19 that is arranged on the axle 20 by shaped spiral housing 17 therefrom, and promotes turbine 19 rotations.
Here, the coolant jacket 2 of cylinder head 9 comprises a bottom coolant jacket 2a and a upper coolant cover 2b, described bottom coolant jacket outlet pipe 4,6 and the assembled end 24 of cylinder head 9 between, and described upper coolant is set on opposed that side of outlet pipe 4, the 6 coolant jacket 2a of up and down section.
Bottom coolant jacket 2a is connected with the coolant jacket 18 of turbine 10 by coolant jacket joint 25 with upper coolant cover 2b.
For driving cooling liquid, can in the coolant jacket 2a of the bottom of cylinder head 9, generate a high pressure, thereby make cooling liquid from bottom refrigeration outer cover 2a, enter and flow coolant jacket 18 through turbine 10 through coolant jacket joint 25, then, enter by coolant jacket joint 25 among the upper coolant cover 2b of cylinder head 9 in the side that gas exhaust manifold deviates from assembled end 24.
Claims (11)
1. the assemblying body (1) of cylinder head (9) and turbine (10), wherein said cylinder head (9)
-be connected with cylinder block in assembled end (24),
-be equipped with at least part of coolant jacket in the described cylinder head (9) (2,2a, 2b) that is incorporated into,
-have at least two cylinders, wherein each described cylinder has at least one exhaust valve that exhaust is discharged (3,3a, 3b) from described cylinder, connect an outlet pipe (4,4a, 4b) at each described exhaust valve (3,3a, 3b), and, in described cylinder
The described outlet pipe of-at least two described cylinders (4,4a, 4b, 5) is gathered into a total air escape pipe (6) form an Integral exhaustion type manifold in described cylinder head (9) after,
It is characterized in that,
-described turbine (10) with turbine shroud (16) is equipped with for the coolant jacket (18) that consists of liquid cooling equipment, wherein, be incorporated into the described coolant jacket (2 in the described cylinder head (9), 2a, 2b) comprise bottom coolant jacket (2a) and upper coolant cover (2b), described bottom coolant jacket is arranged on outlet pipe (4,4a, 4b, 5,6) and between the described assembled end (24) of described cylinder head (9), and described upper coolant is set on described outlet pipe (4,4a, 4b, 5,6) a upper relative side with described bottom coolant jacket (2a), described bottom coolant jacket (2a) and/or described upper coolant cover (2b) link together with the described coolant jacket (18) of described turbine (10).
2. assemblying body according to claim 1 (1), it is characterized in that, spaced apart with described outlet pipe (4,4a, 4b, 5,6), and be provided with at least one joint (7) in the side that described Integral exhaustion type manifold deviates from described at least two cylinders, described joint (7) is positioned between described bottom coolant jacket (2a) and the described upper coolant cover (2b), with the passage as cooling liquid.
3. assemblying body according to claim 2 (1) is characterized in that, the distance between described at least one described joint (7) and the described total air escape pipe (6) is less than the radius of described cylinder.
4. according to claim 2 or 3 described assemblying bodys (1), it is characterized in that, be provided with at least two described joints (7), it is installed in relatively both sides of described total air escape pipe (6).
5. assemblying body according to claim 1 (1), it is characterized in that, described turbine (10) and described cylinder head (9) are parts separately, are configured to their strength matching, form fit and/or match materials described assemblying body (1).
6. assemblying body according to claim 1 (1), it is characterized in that, described turbine shroud (18) is incorporated in the described cylinder head (9) at least in part, thereby makes at least a portion of described cylinder head (9) and described turbine shroud (18) form a unitary member.
7. assemblying body according to claim 1 (1) is characterized in that, each described cylinder has at least two described exhaust valves (3,3a, 3b) and be used for discharging exhaust from cylinder.
8. assemblying body according to claim 7 (1), it is characterized in that, the described outlet pipe of at least two described exhaust valves (3,3a, 3b) (4,4a, 4b) at first accumulates a part outlet pipe (5) that belongs to this cylinder, and then the described part outlet pipe (5) of at least two cylinders accumulates described total air escape pipe (6) again.
9. assemblying body according to claim 2 (1), it is characterized in that, spaced apart with outlet pipe (4,4a, 4b, 5,6), and be provided with at least one joint (15) at the Integral exhaustion type manifold towards a side of described at least two cylinders, described connection part is between described bottom coolant jacket (2a) and described upper coolant cover (2b), with the passage as described cooling liquid.
10. assemblying body according to claim 1 (1), it is characterized in that, be provided with the tapping point that shifts out from cylinder head (9) for exhaust on described Integral exhaustion type manifold next door, at described tapping point, the exhaust that at least a portion derives from cylinder can be moved out of from gas exhaust manifold in cylinder head (9), wherein be connected with bypass duct in the lower end of described tapping point, the exhaust of shifting out can be conducted through described turbine (10) by this bypass duct.
11. assemblying body according to claim 1 (1), it is characterized in that, in described cylinder head (9), be provided with for the conduit with gas recirculation, branch out in the gas exhaust manifold of described conduit from be incorporated into described cylinder head (9), by means of described conduit, at least a portion of the described exhaust of discharging from described cylinder can shift out by the described gas exhaust manifold in the described cylinder head (9).
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP08105484A EP2143926A1 (en) | 2008-07-11 | 2008-10-02 | Combination with cylinder head and turbine |
| EM08105484.3 | 2008-10-02 | ||
| EP08105484.3 | 2008-10-02 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101713327A CN101713327A (en) | 2010-05-26 |
| CN101713327B true CN101713327B (en) | 2013-05-01 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009101691932A Expired - Fee Related CN101713327B (en) | 2008-10-02 | 2009-09-15 | An explosive motor of a water cooling trubine |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN101713327B (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102010037378A1 (en) * | 2010-09-07 | 2012-03-08 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Cylinder head with turbine |
| DE102010017558A1 (en) * | 2010-06-24 | 2011-12-29 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc. | Internal combustion engine for driving motor vehicles, has cylinder head and turbine, where dosing device, which is provided for dosing liquid coolant in cavity for evaporation |
| JP5700006B2 (en) * | 2012-09-12 | 2015-04-15 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Turbine housing |
| JP2014145285A (en) * | 2013-01-28 | 2014-08-14 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Cylinder head of internal combustion engine |
| CN106368846B (en) * | 2016-10-27 | 2019-01-01 | 奇瑞汽车股份有限公司 | A kind of engine cylinder cap of Integrated design |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3948052A (en) * | 1972-10-27 | 1976-04-06 | Daimler-Benz Aktiengesellschaft | Installation of an exhaust gas turbo-charger at an internal combustion engine |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2709815B2 (en) * | 1988-01-11 | 1998-02-04 | ヤマハ発動機株式会社 | Cylinder head structure of turbocharged engine |
| US20040083730A1 (en) * | 2002-07-26 | 2004-05-06 | Eberhard Wizgall | Cooling system for turbocharged internal combustion engine |
-
2009
- 2009-09-15 CN CN2009101691932A patent/CN101713327B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3948052A (en) * | 1972-10-27 | 1976-04-06 | Daimler-Benz Aktiengesellschaft | Installation of an exhaust gas turbo-charger at an internal combustion engine |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| JP平1-182560A 1989.07.20 |
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