CN101713012B - Method for increasing molybdenum yield in stainless steel smelting - Google Patents
Method for increasing molybdenum yield in stainless steel smelting Download PDFInfo
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- CN101713012B CN101713012B CN2009101551960A CN200910155196A CN101713012B CN 101713012 B CN101713012 B CN 101713012B CN 2009101551960 A CN2009101551960 A CN 2009101551960A CN 200910155196 A CN200910155196 A CN 200910155196A CN 101713012 B CN101713012 B CN 101713012B
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of two-step-method steelmaking, and in particular relates to a method for increasing molybdenum yield in stainless steel smelting. Stainless steel is smelted by a two-step method using an electric stove and a argon-oxygen furnace. The method has the main technical characteristics of: (1) controlling the carbon content of crude molten steel and ensuring that the carbon content of the crude molten steel is between 1.2 and 1.6 percent through carbon-proportioning operation; (2) adding 70 to 80 percent of ferromolybdenum needing to be added in an initial stage of a decarburization stage of argon-oxygen furnace smelting; and (3) adding 20 to 30 percent of the ferromolybdenum needing to be added and a reducing agent in a reducing stage of argon-oxygen furnace smelting and keeping alkalinity at over 1.8 in the reducing process. The method can increase the yield of molybdenum to over 97 percent.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the two step method steelmaking technical field, improve the molybdenum yield method in particularly a kind of stainless steel smelting.
Background technology
At present, stainless steel smelting is to add argon oxygen stove two step method with electric furnace to produce more than 70%, and main raw material is steel scrap, returns, alloy etc.Molybdenum has obtained widespread use as a kind of main alloy element in the stainless steel smelting on metallurgical production, it can improve the passivation film strength, strengthens stainless corrosion resistance nature.Molybdenum element joins in the stainless steel with the form of molybdenum-iron.Molybdenum-iron is abundanter China's reserves, but costs an arm and a leg, and is bigger to the influence of stainless steel production cost.
Existing electric furnace adds argon oxygen stove two step method and produces and to contain the molybdenum stainless steel art and be: slightly refine molybdenum-iron through directly adding electric furnace with steel scrap, returns after the charge calculation by certain target value (1), obtains the molten steel of certain composition and temperature; (2) molten steel is blended into argon oxygen stove, detects the initial composition of molten steel; (3) after the initial composition of molten steel is confirmed, add in the argon/oxygen furnace at the smelting initial stage with other alloys and slag making material being used for revising the molybdenum-iron that contains the molybdenum amount; (4) molten steel obtains the finished product molten steel through decarburization, reduction refining.Steel-smelting electric furnace is mainly based on direct-heating type, and promptly electric arc occurs in the electrode special rod and by between the furnace charge of melting, furnace charge directly is subjected to arc heat and fusing.The ferro-molybdenum fusing point is about 1750 ℃, and be distributed in three electrode bar tip temperatures on the utmost point heart circle up to 3000 ℃ about, very easily cause the molybdenum-iron volatilization.For enhancing productivity, most steel-smelting electric furnace adopts Returning blowing keto technique simultaneously, and the oxygen-supply operation of melting period also can make the molybdenum-iron oxidation, thereby causes the molybdenum-iron oxidation to make the molybdenum element recovery rate low, and cost increases.
On April 22nd, 2009, disclosed application number was that 200810227814.3 innovation and creation disclose a kind of alloy addition method that is used to improve yield of ferromolybdenum, and technology is: the molybdenum-iron mode that adds is changed in the tapping process by the converter when filling with substance and being added by high hopper; The molybdenum-iron granularity of control requires to adopt the block molybdenum-iron of 15mm-30mm; Guarantee that ladle bottom gas permeable brick working order is good; Tapping temperature is controlled at 1680-1710 ℃; Control steel ladle bottom argon blowing flow guarantees that at 6-7NL/ (mint) the molten steel face opens during tapping; Reach at 1/2 o'clock in tap and add alloy and molybdenum-iron, addition sequence is AlFe-MnFe-MoFe; The quantity of slag under the control converter, the thick 30-60mm of slag; Tapping finishes to add the 40kg aluminum shot on the ladle top of the slag.Though this scheme can bring up to 95% with the recovery rate of molybdenum, it is only applicable to produce a ton steel molybdenum-iron add-on and is not more than 10 kilograms, the structural alloy steel of finished product molybdenum content between 0.1-0.3%.In addition, this scheme is had relatively high expectations to molybdenum-iron granularity and argon blowing rate in order latter stage molybdenum-iron to be melted in smelting, and needs to guarantee that higher tapping temperature be arranged, and this is bigger to converter and the anti-material loss of ladle, and furnace life and bag are all lower age.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide and improve the molybdenum yield method in a kind of stainless steel smelting, this method can be brought up to the recovery rate of molybdenum more than 97%.
Above-mentioned technical purpose of the present invention is achieved by the following technical programs: improve the molybdenum yield method in a kind of stainless steel smelting, stainless steel adds argon oxygen stove two-step smelting with electric furnace, it is characterized in that: (1) control crude molten steel carbon content makes the crude molten steel carbon content 1.2%～1.6% by joining the carbon operation; (2) need being added 70～80% of molybdenum-iron total amount added at the carbon period initial stage that argon oxygen stove is smelted; (3) 20～30% reduction periods of smelting at argon oxygen stove that need added the molybdenum-iron total amount add with reductive agent, keep basicity more than 1.8 during reduction.
It has been generally acknowledged that: molybdenum-iron needs to be blended into argon oxygen stove again in electric furnace after other furnace charges melt in advance and carries out refining, and molybdenum-iron does not add at the carbon period initial stage.Because under certain starting temperature condition, do not have external thermal source, the cooling of the big more then crude steel of add-on in early stage liquid is fast more, causes oxygen-supplying amount to increase, and the vast scale oxygen blow duration prolongs, thereby causes the molybdenum-iron oxidation to make the molybdenum element recovery rate low, and cost increases.In addition, consider balance and the consumption that reduces argon gas, oxygen between the chromium carbon, the crude molten steel carbon content generally is controlled between 1.0%～1.5%.1.0%～1.5% carbon content is enough to molybdenum-iron is melted, and provides refining required heat, and temperature is high more in the high more then argon of the carbon content oxygen stove, and slag stirs severe more in body of heater, and the ratio that molybdenum is taken away by argon gas is big more, and the recovery rate of molybdenum can reduce; On the other hand, carbon content is high more, and the interior temperature fluctuation of stove is big more, and is just big more to the damage intensity of furnace lining.
The applicant in the primary smelting process since the miscount of molybdenum-iron need supply the amount of molybdenum-iron, just part molybdenum-iron in reductive agent is added to stove, found that the recovery rate of molybdenum had improved than in the past.Find the crude molten steel carbon content is brought up to 1.2%～1.6% through overtesting, keep molten steel basicity more than 1.8 during reduction, the recovery rate of molybdenum is the highest.The reason that produces this technique effect is: after (1) crude molten steel carbon content improved, the reductibility of molten steel in the stove strengthened, and molybdenum-iron is difficult for oxidized; (2) fusing point of molybdenum-iron is higher, and the probability that loses because of self volatilizing is less, also is not easy to be taken out of outside the stove by argon gas; (3) part molybdenum-iron in reductive agent is added to stove, keep molten steel basicity more than 1.8 during reduction, have the molybdenum-iron that helps to allow in the absorption slag and get back to molten steel; (4) oxidation susceptibility of molybdenum will be slightly smaller than elements such as chromium in the molten steel or manganese, in reductive agent is added to stove, keeps part molybdenum-iron molten steel basicity more than 1.8 during reduction, may impel molybdenum to have precedence over other elements and be reduced and directly enter molten steel; (5) after the crude molten steel carbon content improves, can improve the argon oxygen temperature in the blowing end of term, guarantee that the molybdenum-iron that adds for the second time fully fuses, and also facilitates to restoring operation simultaneously.The applicant also finds: but carbon content can not surpass 1.6%, otherwise can prolong tap to tap time, furnace lining damages and can accelerate, and carbon content is the same substantially with carbon content damage intensity to furnace lining between 1.0%～1.5% in the damage intensity to furnace lining between 1.2%～1.6%.
As further technical scheme, described to join carbon operation material therefor be the pig iron or carbon dust.
As further technical scheme, described reductive agent is aluminium and ferrosilicon.
As further technical scheme, molybdenum content is 60% in the described molybdenum-iron.
As further technical scheme, described stainless molybdenum content is 2～4%.
Usually, reductive agent is general only with aluminium or only use ferrosilicon, the present invention to use aluminium and ferrosilicon to make reductive agent simultaneously, and the applicant finds that not only reductive action is stronger than adding aluminium separately or adding ferrosilicon, and help the fusion of the molybdenum-iron of adding for the second time, help the raising of the recovery rate of molybdenum.In addition, contain the molybdenum amount and be 60% molybdenum-iron, more help the fusion of molybdenum and molten steel.
Embodiment
This specific embodiment only is an explanation of the invention; it is not a limitation of the present invention; those skilled in the art can make the modification that does not have creative contribution to present embodiment as required after reading this specification sheets, but as long as all are subjected to the protection of patent law in claim scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
Smelting steel grade is 18 tons of 316L steel, adds argon oxygen stove two-step smelting with electric furnace.Requiring the molybdenum amount that contains of 316L steel is 2%, and then the molybdenum that need add is 360 kilograms, promptly need add molybdenum content and be 600 kilograms of 60% molybdenum-irons.Improve the carbon content of furnace charge with the pig iron, making the crude molten steel carbon content in the electric furnace is 1.2%, and the tapping temperature of crude molten steel is 1650 ℃ in the electric furnace.Molten steel is blended into behind the argon oxygen stove that to add lime that slag making uses and molybdenum content with hopper be 480 kilograms of 60% molybdenum-irons, promptly adds 80% molybdenum-iron in advance.Begin refining after just steel-making water is poured argon oxygen stove into, be blown into the argon oxygen gas mixture.The oxidation of carbon is thermopositive reaction, and molybdenum-iron is fusion immediately in molten steel.Available variation for argon and oxygen flow ratio reaches the purpose of decarburization and cr yield in the smelting process.In whole converting process, the pressure of oxygen can be regulated according to the requirement of decarbonization rate, and the pressure of argon gas is unsuitable excessive, in order to avoid cause and splash.The refining of argon oxygen contains a large amount of chromic oxide and molybdenum-iron after finishing in the slag.Add 120 kilograms molybdenum-iron, the aluminium of double centner and 200 kilograms ferrosilicon, carry out reduction step, keep molten steel basicity during reduction 1.8.Reduction step obtains the finished product molten steel after finishing.Other processing parameters are knowledge well known to those skilled in the art in the smelting process, repeat no more.
The recovery rate of molybdenum is calculated as follows: the total molybdenum yield=Finished Steel water yield * finished product molybdenum content/(steel scrap weight * steel scrap molybdenum content+adding molybdenum-iron gross weight * molybdenum-iron content).Obtaining the average recovery rate of molybdenum is 97.46%.For verifying the technique effect of this scheme, smelt the 316L steel by the described method of background technology.The consumption of each raw material is all identical with present embodiment with controlled variable in the smelting process, calculates to such an extent that the recovery rate of its molybdenum is 95.53% at last.Pass-through mode is adjusted recovery rate and is improved 1.93%, and molybdenum content is that 60% molybdenum-iron price is 175 yuan every kilogram, and a stove is saved cost=600 * 1.93% * 175=2026.5 unit altogether.
Embodiment 2
Smelting steel grade is 18 tons of 316L steel, adds argon oxygen stove two-step smelting with electric furnace.Requiring the molybdenum amount that contains of 316L steel is 4%, and then the molybdenum that need add is 720 kilograms, promptly need add molybdenum content and be 1200 kilograms of 60% molybdenum-irons.Improve the carbon content of furnace charge with carbon dust, making the crude molten steel carbon content in the electric furnace is 1.4%, and the tapping temperature of crude molten steel is 1650 ℃ in the electric furnace.Molten steel is blended into behind the argon oxygen stove that to add lime that slag making uses and molybdenum content with hopper be 840 kilograms of 60% molybdenum-irons, promptly adds 70% molybdenum-iron in advance.The molybdenum-iron, the aluminium of double centner and 300 kilograms the ferrosilicon that add 360 kilograms during reduction carry out reduction step, keep molten steel basicity 2.0 during reduction.Obtaining the average recovery rate of molybdenum is 97.78%.
Embodiment 3
Smelting steel grade is 18 tons of 316L steel, adds argon oxygen stove two-step smelting with electric furnace.Requiring the molybdenum amount that contains of 316L steel is 3%, and then the molybdenum that need add is 540 kilograms, promptly need add molybdenum content and be 900 kilograms of 60% molybdenum-irons.Improve the carbon content of furnace charge with the pig iron, making the crude molten steel carbon content in the electric furnace is 1.5%, and the tapping temperature of crude molten steel is 1700 ℃ in the electric furnace.Molten steel is blended into behind the argon oxygen stove that to add lime that slag making uses and molybdenum content with hopper be 675 kilograms of 60% molybdenum-irons, promptly adds 75% molybdenum-iron in advance.The molybdenum-iron, the aluminium of double centner and 250 kilograms the ferrosilicon that add 225 kilograms during reduction carry out reduction step, keep molten steel basicity 1.8 during reduction.Obtaining the average recovery rate of molybdenum is 98.62%.
Embodiment 4
Smelting steel grade is 18 tons of 316L steel, adds argon oxygen stove two-step smelting with electric furnace.Requiring the molybdenum amount that contains of 316L steel is 3%, and then the molybdenum that need add is 540 kilograms, promptly need add molybdenum content and be 900 kilograms of 60% molybdenum-irons.Improve the carbon content of furnace charge with carbon dust, making the crude molten steel carbon content in the electric furnace is 1.6%, and the tapping temperature of crude molten steel is 1700 ℃ in the electric furnace.Molten steel is blended into behind the argon oxygen stove that to add lime that slag making uses and molybdenum content with hopper be 693 kilograms of 60% molybdenum-irons, promptly adds 77% molybdenum-iron in advance.The molybdenum-iron, the aluminium of double centner and 300 kilograms the ferrosilicon that add 207 kilograms during reduction carry out reduction step, keep molten steel basicity 1.9 during reduction.Obtaining the average recovery rate of molybdenum is 99.15%.
Claims (5)
1. improve the molybdenum yield method in a stainless steel smelting, stainless steel adds argon oxygen stove two-step smelting with electric furnace, it is characterized in that: (1) control crude molten steel carbon content makes the crude molten steel carbon content 1.2%～1.6% by joining the carbon operation; (2) need being added 70～80% of molybdenum-iron total amount added at the carbon period initial stage that argon oxygen stove is smelted; (3) 20～30% reduction periods of smelting at argon oxygen stove that need added the molybdenum-iron total amount add with reductive agent, keep basicity more than 1.8 during reduction.
2. improve the molybdenum yield method in a kind of stainless steel smelting as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described to join carbon operation material therefor be the pig iron or carbon dust.
3. improve the molybdenum yield method in a kind of stainless steel smelting as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described reductive agent is aluminium and ferrosilicon.
4. improve the molybdenum yield method in a kind of stainless steel smelting as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: molybdenum content is 60% in the described molybdenum-iron.
5. improve the molybdenum yield method in a kind of stainless steel smelting as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described stainless molybdenum content is 2～4%.
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1928140A (en) * | 2006-09-26 | 2007-03-14 | 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 | Method for adding Mn into high Mn content stainless steel in smelting process |
| CN101338396A (en) * | 2008-04-29 | 2009-01-07 | 永兴特种不锈钢股份有限公司 | Method for smelting very-low carbon and high silicon stainless steel by AOD |
| CN101413044A (en) * | 2008-11-28 | 2009-04-22 | 首钢总公司 | Alloy addition method for improving yield of ferromolybdenum |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1928140A (en) * | 2006-09-26 | 2007-03-14 | 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 | Method for adding Mn into high Mn content stainless steel in smelting process |
| CN101338396A (en) * | 2008-04-29 | 2009-01-07 | 永兴特种不锈钢股份有限公司 | Method for smelting very-low carbon and high silicon stainless steel by AOD |
| CN101413044A (en) * | 2008-11-28 | 2009-04-22 | 首钢总公司 | Alloy addition method for improving yield of ferromolybdenum |
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Address after: 313005 Huzhou Development Zone, Zhejiang, Yang Jiabu Patentee after: Yongxing special material technology Co., Ltd Address before: 313005 Huzhou Development Zone, Zhejiang, Yang Jiabu Patentee before: Yongxing Special Stainless Steel Co., Ltd. |
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