Summary of the invention:
The objective of the invention is to overcome above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of manufacturing process of light and thin aluminium alloy sheet materials is provided, it has not only fundamentally changed the high energy consumption of traditional smelting furnace existence, the universal phenomenon of high pollution, reach energy conservation and environment protection, and the aluminum alloy plate materials that casts out has high mechanical performance and good crudy, and yield rate and production efficiency all effectively improve simultaneously.
Manufacturing process according to light and thin aluminium alloy sheet materials provided by the invention comprises the steps:
Batching: the component of each raw metal and weight proportion are: manganese 0.05%~1.5%, copper 0.05%~0.4%, nobelium 0.06%~0.4%, magnesium 0.6%~4.5%, iron 0.025%~0.5%, silicon 0.2%~1%, titanium 0.01%~0.04%, all the other are aluminium.
Melting: the raw metal of said ratio is put into the natural gas smelting furnace, and be heated to 760~780 ℃, make the raw metal fusing form aluminium alloy solution, smelting time is 3~5 hours.
Check: to above-mentioned solution sampling, sampling solution is carried out the composition check, and make corresponding adjustment according to assay by detecting instrument.
Leave standstill: will change electrical heating over to through the aluminium alloy solution of check and leave standstill in the stove, and be heated to 720~740 ℃, stove is left standstill in electrical heating remains in this temperature the temperature of aluminium alloy solution by its inner thermal insulating layer always, and time of repose is 10~20 minutes.
Casting: under the intensity of cooling of 700~740 ℃ temperature and 0.1~0.18mpa, to leave standstill the aluminium alloy solution that flows out by chute in the stove by hydraulic deep-well type casting machine with the speed of 40~60mm/min and be cast as ingot blank, its ingot blank casting length is 8.6m to the maximum.
Sawing with mill face: as required the ingot blank sawing is become Len req, and two big faces of ingot blank is carried out milling, eliminate blemish with milling machine.
Heat treated: will put into gas heating furnace through sawing and the ingot blank that mills face, under 530~580 ℃ temperature, keep 10~20 hours.
Hot rolling: is that 530~580 ℃ ingot blank carries out hot rolling with hot-rolling mill to temperature, is rolled into the thick aluminum alloy plate materials of 12~260mm.
Cold rolling: as at normal temperatures, to be rolled into the finished product of 2.8~10mm with the aluminum alloy plate materials of cold-rolling mill after with hot rolling.
Finished product is sheared: with shearing equipment finished product is sheared on request.
The present invention also has following attached technical characterictic:
In described fusion process, in smelting furnace, add refining agent, slagging agent and nitrogen solution is carried out a slag hitting degasification.
Leave standstill in the process described, in leaving standstill stove, add refining agent, slagging agent and coverture alloy solution is carried out secondary slag hitting degasification.
According to the manufacturing process of light and thin aluminium alloy sheet materials provided by the invention, have following advantage with respect to prior art:
The first, the present invention has adopted novel natural gas aluminium alloy smelting technology, and this technology has the characteristics of energy-conserving and environment-protective, has fundamentally changed the high energy consumption of traditional smelting furnace existence, the universal phenomenon of high pollution.
Second, the present invention has increased the operation that electrical heating is left standstill before the aluminium alloy solution casting, by leaving standstill solution is cast under temperature constant state, thereby avoided the excessive influence of variations in temperature to the ingot blank castability, make the aluminium alloy ingot blank obtain desirable crystalline structure and flat surface, the machined that improves aluminium alloy capability and minimizing aluminum alloy plate materials is had important function.
The 3rd, the present invention adopts the hydraulic deep-well type foundry engieering, and by cooperating of hydraulic control system and deep-wall type structure, its maximum casting length has reached 8.6m, thereby can satisfy the needs of people to large-sized sheet material; Simultaneously, this hydraulic control system has also increased the stationarity of ingot blank casting, makes its moulding that at the uniform velocity descends, thereby has further guaranteed the crudy of ingot blank, and improved yield rate and production efficiency.
The 4th, the present invention carries out hot rolling and cold rolling two procedures with the ingot blank after heat treated, thereby can obtain the thin aluminum alloy plate materials of size on the basis of proof strength, thereby has widened the scope of application of sheet material.
The 5th, the present invention is in melting and leave standstill and carried out a slag hitting degasification and secondary slag hitting degasification in the process respectively, thereby has improved the purity of aluminium alloy solution significantly, and the ingot blank performance that casting is come out is more superior.
The specific embodiment:
Manufacturing process according to light and thin aluminium alloy sheet materials provided by the invention comprises the steps:
Batching: the component of each raw metal and weight proportion are: manganese 0.05%~1.5%, copper 0.05%~0.4%, nobelium 0.06%~0.4%, magnesium 0.6%~4.5%, iron 0.025%~0.5%, silicon 0.2%~1%, titanium 0.01%~0.04%, all the other are aluminium.
Melting: the raw metal of said ratio is put into the natural gas smelting furnace, and be heated to 760~780 ℃, make the raw metal fusing form aluminium alloy solution, smelting time is 3~5 hours; Simultaneously, in body of heater, add refining agent, slagging agent and nitrogen solution is carried out a slag hitting degasification.
Check: to above-mentioned solution sampling, sampling solution is carried out the composition check, and make corresponding adjustment according to assay by the spectrum spectrophotometer.For example, if find that wherein certain metal lacks content, then in smelting furnace, increase respective amount and get final product; Can improve the yield rate of ingot blank casting by this inspection process.
Leave standstill: will change electrical heating over to through the aluminium alloy solution of check and leave standstill in the stove, and be heated to 720~740 ℃, stove is left standstill in electrical heating remains in this temperature the temperature of aluminium alloy solution by its inner thermal insulating layer always, and time of repose is 10~20 minutes; Simultaneously, in stove is left standstill in electrical heating, add refining agent, slagging agent and coverture alloy solution is carried out secondary slag hitting degasification,, improve the processability of ingot blank to guarantee solution purity.
Casting: under the intensity of cooling of 700~740 ℃ temperature and 0.1~0.18mpa, to leave standstill the aluminium alloy solution that flows out by chute in the stove by hydraulic deep-well type casting machine with the speed of 40~60mm/min and be cast as ingot blank, its ingot blank casting length is 8.6m to the maximum, thereby can satisfy the needs of people to large-sized sheet material.During casting, can select to use continuous casting and semi-continuous casting dual mode.
Sawing with mill face: as required the ingot blank sawing is become Len req, and two big faces of ingot blank is carried out milling, eliminate blemish with milling machine.In this process,, then only mill face after the sawing end to end with ingot blank and get final product if when the client needs large-scale aluminum alloy plate.
Heat treated: will put into gas heating furnace through sawing and the ingot blank that mills face, under 530~580 ℃ temperature, keep 10~20 hours.
Hot rolling: is that 530~580 ℃ ingot blank carries out hot rolling with hot-rolling mill to temperature, is rolled into the thick aluminum alloy plate materials of 12~260mm.
Cold rolling: as at normal temperatures, to be rolled into the finished product of 2.8~10mm with the aluminum alloy plate materials of cold-rolling mill after with hot rolling.
Finished product is sheared: with shearing equipment finished product is sheared on request.
The foregoing description is only for the usefulness that the present invention is described; and be not limitation of the present invention; the those of ordinary skill in relevant technologies field; under the situation that does not break away from the spirit and scope of the present invention; can also make various variations and modification; therefore all technical schemes that are equal to also belong to category of the present invention, and scope of patent protection of the present invention should be limited by each claim.