CN101709486B - Aluminium electrolysis bath - Google Patents
Aluminium electrolysis bath Download PDFInfo
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- CN101709486B CN101709486B CN2009102433853A CN200910243385A CN101709486B CN 101709486 B CN101709486 B CN 101709486B CN 2009102433853 A CN2009102433853 A CN 2009102433853A CN 200910243385 A CN200910243385 A CN 200910243385A CN 101709486 B CN101709486 B CN 101709486B
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- alumina
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- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title abstract description 30
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 title abstract description 19
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 claims description 90
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 79
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 claims description 70
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical compound [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 57
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 55
- YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] Chemical compound [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 47
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- 210000002421 cell wall Anatomy 0.000 claims description 29
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000010431 corundum Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000378 calcium silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052918 calcium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 210000005056 cell body Anatomy 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000323 aluminium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011094 fiberboard Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- -1 compound aluminum silicate Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 5
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 5
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910026551 ZrC Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- OTCHGXYCWNXDOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C].[Zr] Chemical compound [C].[Zr] OTCHGXYCWNXDOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl(1,1,2,2,2-pentafluoroethyl)silane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ZVWKZXLXHLZXLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium nitride Chemical compound [Zr]#N ZVWKZXLXHLZXLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 241000269980 Pleuronectidae Species 0.000 description 3
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 3
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 206010039509 Scab Diseases 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000754 Wrought iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003818 cinder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical group N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003245 working effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JHXCINJSAAFBDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Ca].O[Si](O)(O)O Chemical compound [Ca].O[Si](O)(O)O JHXCINJSAAFBDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;sodium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Na+].[Al+3] ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010425 asbestos Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052728 basic metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003818 basic metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013590 bulk material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000000038 chest Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008119 colloidal silica Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009970 fire resistant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005405 multipole Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000011218 segmentation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001388 sodium aluminate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention relates to an aluminium electrolysis bath used in primary aluminium production. The aluminium electrolysis bath is characterized in that the electrolysis bath comprises an aluminium electrolysis bath body and an aluminium electrolysis bath cover plate, wherein the bath body comprises a horizontal bath bottom and vertical side bath walls connected with the bath body into a whole; and the cover plate is a horizontal cover plate which covers the upper ends of the vertical bath walls and is provided with an electrode through hole. The aluminium electrolysis bath has the advantages of ideal airtightness of bath body structure, high energy utilization rate, no pollution, small land occupation and high capacity per unit area, scientifically realizes heat preservation in a melt zone and the upper part of the electrolysis bath, and has a long service life.
Description
Technical field
A kind of aluminium cell relates to a kind of aluminium cell that primary aluminum is produced that is used for.
Background technology
The bottom surface of conventional aluminum cell lining is different with side structure; The bottom surface generally lay calcium silicate board, light-weight insulating brick, refractory brick, anti-bleed, cathode block which floor; The side is generally built silicon carbide bulk, carbon piece or silicon carbide-carbon composite block by laying bricks or stones, and side and bottom surface seam crossing ramming negative electrode are stuck with paste; Negative electrode and anode are that level is relative, and ionogen and aluminium liquid are horizontal layer and distribute between negative electrode and anode.
US 5149412 discloses the production technique of a kind of internal lining of aluminium electrolytic bath and refractory materials thereof; This cell lining comprises the metal pot shell; Side lining, end liner and the refractory lining of sealing; Have at least one deck refractory materials can high temperature resistance basic metal and fluoride corrosion in the liner, this layer refractory materials be generally processed by red mud, colloidal alumina, colloidal silica, Calucium Silicate powder or sodium aluminate.
US 4589967 discloses a kind of internal lining of aluminium electrolytic bath, and this liner is made up of box hat, graphite block, insulated thermal insulating layer, and insulated thermal insulating layer is laid between box hat and the graphite block.
US 6436272 discloses a kind of low-temperature aluminum electrolysis groove that adopts hollow cathode; This electrolyzer adopts inert anode, and negative electrode is a hollow structure, and negative electrode is vertical with anode to be immersed in the ionogen; Two sides of negative electrode are relative with two anodes respectively, and two side afterbodys of negative electrode link to each other and form an Aluminum storage pond.
US 5368702 discloses a kind of multipole aluminium cell; Adopt erosion-resisting not consumable anode and do not consume negative electrode, the comparatively ideal structure of anode is tubulose and has active anode internal surface that negative electrode is bar-shaped or tubulose; Be installed in the middle of the sheath, negative electrode extends beyond the anode bottom.
US 4624766 discloses the moistening negative electrode of a kind of aluminum electrolyzing cell used aluminium, and cathode surface can be moistening by aluminium, and the surface is made up of hard refractory materials and non-graphitized carbon base body, adopts wedged bottom or water conservancy diversion cathode can and non-consumable anode.
CN 96100352.9 discloses a kind of internal lining of aluminium electrolytic bath and preparation method thereof, and the liner cathode block bottom of electrolyzer is formed with refractory castable with by the insulation material that looses of doing that plastic diaphragms separates.Owing to adopt cheap lightweight bulk material; Replace rock cotton board, light cinder brick and aluminum oxide powder, replaced refractory brick, make electrolyzer guarantee that the cost of manufacture under the constant situation of use characteristics reduces greatly with refractory castable; And make easily; Saving of work and time has significantly reduced workmen's labour intensity, and is good in economic efficiency.
CN 97213795.5 discloses a kind of internal lining of aluminium electrolytic bath; Include sidepiece cathode carbon pieces, bottom cathode charcoal piece, conduction rod iron, fire brick layer and insulating brick-layer, wherein, between fire brick layer and insulating brick-layer, also be provided with the packing layer that aluminum oxide, silicon oxide, titanium oxide, red stone, quicklime are formed.Adopt the high internal lining of aluminium electrolytic bath of this anti-seepage heat insulating property, in the work-ing life that can improve aluminium cell, cut down the consumption of energy and cost.
CN 00223634.6 discloses a kind of lining structure of aluminium electrolytic bath; The composite block that carbonitride of silicium and carbon piece are arranged around its top in electrolytic bath shell; Electrolytic bath shell inner cathode carbon piece vertically be cast with the high-strength cast bed of material, and between the inwall of the high-strength cast bed of material and electrolytic bath shell, built insulating brick by laying bricks or stones, between the high-strength cast bed of material and composite block, refractory brick is arranged; The lagging material piece is arranged at the bottom in electrolytic bath shell, and one deck antiseepage bed of material is arranged on the lagging material piece.The advantage that this liner has good antiscour and corrosion resistance, is difficult for that the runout phenomenon takes place, can improves the electrolyzer production stability and grow work-ing life.
CN 200720012572.7 discloses a kind of lining structure of aluminium electrolytic bath; Comprise cathode block, cathode steel bar, bottom fire-resistant layer structure; It is characterized in that: (1) cathode steel bar is positioned at pot shell, exposes the outer part of cathode block, behind U-shaped metal sheet parcel, makes firm by ramming with refractory mortar again; (2) wrap up with the segmentation of fireinsulation paper on the cathode steel bar, stick with paste with rod iron again and tamp; (3) nexine of negative electrode two ends adopts refractory brick, the shutoff of outer employing insulating brick; Be loose particulate state refractory materials in the middle of the carbon piece bottom, two ends are refractory brick; (4) straight flange between cathode block and the sidewall silicon carbide brick is stuck with paste structure and is changed arc limit paste structure into.The bottom insulation and the sidepiece radiating effect of this inner lining structure all have improvement, and negative electrode is not yielding, can prolong the electric tank working life-span.
CN 200410100487.7 discloses a kind of lining structure of aluminium electrolytic bath; It comprises cathode carbon pieces, electrolytic bath shell; It is characterized in that between the bottom of the bottom surface of electric tank cathode charcoal piece and electrolytic bath shell from top to bottom; Built antiseepage brick layer, insulating brick-layer and fire brick layer respectively by laying bricks or stones, the part that links to each other with electrolytic bath shell in the side of antiseepage brick layer, insulating brick-layer and fire brick layer is provided with the sidepiece impact plies, between cathode carbon pieces and electrolytic bath shell inwall, builds impact plies and sidepiece antiseepage brick layer by laying bricks or stones; Build silicon nitride bonded silicon carborundum lateral mass by laying bricks or stones around in the top of electrolytic bath shell, between cathode carbon pieces and silicon nitride bonded silicon carborundum lateral mass, charcoal paste layer is arranged.This liner has the higher groove thorax degree of depth, satisfies the requirement that electrolyzer extinguishes effect automatically, can increase area of dissipation; And be provided with a plurality of impact pliess, can absorb the bulging force that the charcoal piece produces; In the electrolyzer production process, show good thermal equilibrium.
CN 200710048985.5 discloses a kind of lining structure of large-scale pre-baking aluminium electrolysis trough.This inner lining structure has been built the asbestos flaggy by laying bricks or stones from top to bottom successively in the electrolytic bath shell bottom; The thermal insulation layer that high temperature resistant silicic acid calcium plate constitutes, the thermal insulation layer that two-layer light cinder brick constitutes, the impervious barrier that one deck aluminum oxide constitutes; The impervious barrier that two-layer refractory brick constitutes, semi-graphite cathode composite Ti B
2Coating block, sidepiece are special-shaped lateral mass.The advantage of this liner: (1) has higher heat conductivity, lower resistivity and lower electrolytic expansivity, and the distribution of current in the cathode carbon pieces is more even; (2) impervious barrier is to prolonging the cell life particularly advantageous; (3) the special-shaped lateral mass of sidepiece has higher thermal conductivity and lower resistivity, helps especially to prolong bath life.
But the technical spirit of above-mentioned patent remains the negative electrode cell construction relative with the anode level.Traditional internal lining of aluminium electrolytic bath capacity usage ratio is low, energy consumption is high; Use carbon electrode to produce PFC, CO
2, SO
2And PAH, pollution is big, Greenhouse effect are strong; The electrolyzer floor space is big, and the unit occupied area production capacity is low; Bath life short (general 1500-2000 days).
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is exactly the deficiency that exists to above-mentioned prior art, and a kind of aluminium cell that can effectively overcome short, problem such as floor space is big, capacity usage ratio is low, pollution is big conventional aluminum bath life is provided.
The objective of the invention is to realize through following technical scheme.
A kind of aluminium cell is characterized in that its structure comprises:
The vertical side cell wall that aluminium cell cell body---this cell body combines as a whole with cell body at the bottom of by level trough;
Aluminium cell cover plate---this cover plate is the horizontal cover plate that covers vertical cell wall upper end, on the cover board has the electrode through hole.
A kind of aluminium cell of the present invention; It is characterized in that the structure at the bottom of the level trough of said electrolyzer comprises what ecto-entad set gradually, be selected from least three kinds of material layers in calcium silicate board, light-weight insulating brick, refractory brick, anti-bleed, aluminum silicate fiber paper, aluminum oxide, conventional cathode carbon piece/high-strength graphite piece, high alumina ceramic brick or corundum brick or silicon carbide brick or anti-corrosion nitride (like SP 1, zirconium nitride), the carbide (like titanium carbide, zirconium carbide).
A kind of aluminium cell of the present invention; The structure that it is characterized in that the vertical side cell wall of said electrolyzer comprises what ecto-entad set gradually, is selected from least three kinds of material layers in high-alumina cement mould material, refractory brick, aluminum silicate fiber paper, aluminum oxide, conventional cathode carbon piece/high-strength graphite piece, carborundum plate or corundum plate or silicon-carbide-silicon nitride plate or high alumina ceramic plate or other anti-corrosion nitride (like SP 1, zirconium nitride), the carbide (like titanium carbide, zirconium carbide).
A kind of aluminium cell of the present invention; It is characterized in that said aluminium cell cover plate is a multilayered structure; Comprise setting gradually from top to bottom, be selected from least two kinds of material layers in high-alumina cement precoated plate, aluminosilicate fiberboard, high alumina ceramic plate or carborundum plate or corundum plate or the silicon-carbide-silicon nitride plate.
A kind of aluminium cell of the present invention is characterized in that at the bottom of the level trough of said electrolyzer comprising successively from outside to inside with the structure of vertical side cell wall: Calucium Silicate powder flaggy, light-weight insulating brick layer, fire brick layer, the antiseepage bed of material or high alumina ceramic flaggy, aluminum silicate fiber ply of paper, alumina layer, carborundum plate or corundum flaggy; The aluminium cell covering plate structure is formed and to be comprised corundum plate or high alumina ceramic plate or silit flaggy, aluminum silicate fiber flaggy, high-alumina cement precoated plate layer from bottom to top successively.
A kind of aluminium cell of the present invention is characterized in that structure at the bottom of the level trough of said electrolyzer forms ecto-entad and comprise Calucium Silicate powder flaggy, insulating brick-layer, the antiseepage bed of material, aluminum silicate fiber ply of paper, alumina layer and high alumina ceramic brick layer successively; The structure of vertical side cell wall is formed and is comprised fire brick layer, aluminum silicate fiber ply of paper, alumina layer and high alumina ceramic flaggy from outside to inside successively; The aluminium cell covering plate structure is formed and is comprised corundum flaggy and the corundum flaggy compound aluminum silicate fiber flaggy that is positioned at bottom.
A kind of aluminium cell of the present invention is characterized in that structure at the bottom of the level trough of said electrolyzer forms ecto-entad and comprise Calucium Silicate powder flaggy, insulating brick-layer, the antiseepage bed of material, aluminum silicate fiber ply of paper, alumina layer and silicon carbide brick layer successively; The structure of vertical side cell wall is formed and is comprised fire brick layer, aluminum silicate fiber ply of paper, high alumina ceramic flaggy, alumina layer and silicon-carbide-silicon nitride flaggy from outside to inside successively; The aluminium cell covering plate structure is formed and is comprised the happy porcelain plate layer of high alumina, high-alumina cement precoated plate layer and aluminum silicate fiber flaggy from bottom to top successively; And outside vertical base side channel wall, be provided with and be high-alumina cement mould material horn shape intensive aspect.
A kind of aluminium cell of the present invention is characterized in that structure at the bottom of the level trough of said electrolyzer forms ecto-entad and comprise insulating brick-layer, the antiseepage bed of material, aluminum silicate fiber ply of paper, alumina layer and corundum brick layer successively; The structure of vertical side cell wall is formed and is comprised fire brick layer, high-alumina cement pouring layer, aluminum silicate fiber ply of paper, alumina layer and corundum flaggy from outside to inside successively; The aluminium cell covering plate structure is formed and is comprised silit flaggy and aluminum silicate fiber ply of paper from bottom to top successively; And be provided with the tabular intensive aspect of brick firebrick layer and Calucium Silicate powder flaggy in the middle and lower part in the vertical side cell wall outside.
A kind of aluminium cell of the present invention is characterized in that at the bottom of the level trough of said electrolyzer comprising successively from outside to inside with the structure of vertical side cell wall: aluminum silicate fiber flaggy, alumina layer and carbon piece layer; The aluminium cell covering plate structure is formed and is comprised compound flaggy of silicon-carbide-silicon nitride and aluminum silicate fiber flaggy from bottom to top successively.
A kind of aluminium cell of the present invention is characterized in that the laminate of going to the bottom most of the cover plate of said electrolyzer is the cored slab structure, and the cored slab two ends have through hole.
A kind of aluminium cell of the present invention, this electrolyzer does not have the cathode steel bar of common aluminium cell, does not need windowing on the pot shell, helps prolonging the life-span of electrolyzer; The bottom surface of cell lining is a multilayered structure, and material can be used calcium silicate board, light-weight insulating brick, refractory brick, anti-bleed, aluminum silicate fiber paper/plate, aluminum oxide, silit and other anti-corrosion nitride, carbide and matrix material thereof; The side of cell lining is a multilayered structure, and material can be used SiC, SiC-Si
3N
4, high-alumina cement mould material, high alumina ceramic, aluminum oxide, aluminum silicate fiber paper and other anti-corrosion nitride, carbide and matrix material thereof; The vertically opposite arrangement of negative electrode and anode, the cathode and anode sum is greater than 3; Cell cover plate is a multilayered structure, and material can be used high alumina ceramic plate, aluminum silicate fiber paper/plate, carborundum plate, high-alumina cement precoated plate and corundum plate, cell cover plate horizontal positioned; Inner lining material can contain or not contain carbon product.This inner lining structure good airproof performance, capacity usage ratio is high, and is pollution-free; Floor space is little, and the unit surface production capacity is high, the life-span long (can reach more than 3000 days); Science has realized the insulation on bath of cell district and top, and is particularly suitable for the inert material electrolyzer that the electrolytic process heating power is little.
A kind of aluminium cell of the present invention, sealing structure property is good, and capacity usage ratio is high, and pollution-free, floor space is little, and the unit surface production capacity is high, and science has realized the insulation on bath of cell district and top, and bath life is long.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is an another kind of structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is an another kind of structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is an another kind of structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is an another kind of structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the veneer structure synoptic diagram of going to the bottom most of the cover plate of electrolyzer of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the cross-section cutaway view of Fig. 6.
Embodiment
A kind of aluminium cell, its structure comprises: the aluminium cell cell body---the vertical side cell wall that this cell body combines as a whole with cell body at the bottom of by level trough; Aluminium cell cover plate---this cover plate is the horizontal cover plate that covers vertical cell wall upper end, on the cover board has the electrode through hole.
Structure at the bottom of the level trough of electrolyzer comprises what ecto-entad set gradually, is selected from least three kinds of material layers in calcium silicate board, light-weight insulating brick, refractory brick, anti-bleed, aluminum silicate fiber paper, aluminum oxide, conventional cathode carbon piece/high-strength graphite piece, high alumina ceramic brick or corundum brick or silicon carbide brick or anti-corrosion nitride (like SP 1, zirconium nitride), the carbide (like titanium carbide, zirconium carbide).
The structure of the vertical side cell wall of electrolyzer comprises what ecto-entad set gradually, is selected from least three kinds of material layers in high-alumina cement mould material, refractory brick, aluminum silicate fiber paper, aluminum oxide, conventional cathode carbon piece/high-strength graphite piece, carborundum plate or corundum plate or silicon-carbide-silicon nitride plate or high alumina ceramic plate or other anti-corrosion nitride (like SP 1, zirconium nitride), the carbide (like titanium carbide, zirconium carbide).
A kind of aluminium cell of the present invention; It is characterized in that said aluminium cell cover plate is a multilayered structure; Comprise setting gradually from top to bottom, be selected from least two kinds of material layers in high-alumina cement precoated plate, aluminosilicate fiberboard, high alumina ceramic plate or carborundum plate or corundum plate or the silicon-carbide-silicon nitride plate.
Carborundum plate or corundum plate or silicon-carbide-silicon nitride plate refractoriness are high, corrosion resistance is good, generally lay innermost layer or upper strata, and thickness is 30-90mm; Alumina layer thickness is 20-100mm; The general laying depth 10-50mm of aluminum silicate fiber paper; High alumina ceramic plate or the general laying depth of high-alumina cement mould material are 10-50mm; Anti-bleed is the particulate state bulk cargo, and general laying depth is 50-140mm.
During use, negative electrode and anode are vertically opposite arrangement, are positioned at the aluminium electrolysis cell intracoelomic cavity, and through hole and electrode bus bars that the electroplax link rod passes on the aluminium cell cover plate link.
Embodiment 1
A kind of aluminium cell, the structure with the vertical side cell wall at the bottom of the level trough of electrolyzer comprises from outside to inside successively: Calucium Silicate powder flaggy 1, light-weight insulating brick layer 2, refractory brick 3, the antiseepage bed of material 4, aluminum silicate fiber ply of paper 5, alumina layer 6, silicon carbide brick or corundum brick or high alumina ceramic brick layer 7; The aluminium cell covering plate structure is formed and to be comprised corundum plate or high alumina ceramic plate or silit flaggy 8, aluminum silicate fiber flaggy 9, high-alumina cement precoated plate layer 10 from bottom to top successively.Referring to Fig. 1.
Embodiment 2
A kind of aluminium cell, the structure at the bottom of the level trough of electrolyzer is formed ecto-entad and is comprised Calucium Silicate powder flaggy 11, insulating brick-layer 12, the antiseepage bed of material 13, ca silicate fibre ply of paper 14, alumina layer 15 and high alumina ceramic brick layer 16 successively; The structure of vertical side cell wall is formed and is comprised fire brick layer 17, aluminum silicate fiber ply of paper 18, alumina layer 19 and high alumina ceramic flaggy 20 from outside to inside successively; The aluminium cell covering plate structure is formed and is comprised the corundum flaggy 21 and corundum flaggy compound aluminum silicate fiber flaggy 22 that is positioned at bottom.Referring to Fig. 2.
Embodiment 3
A kind of aluminium cell, the structure at the bottom of the level trough of electrolyzer is formed ecto-entad and is comprised Calucium Silicate powder flaggy 23, insulating brick-layer 24, the antiseepage bed of material 25, ca silicate fibre ply of paper 26, alumina layer 27 and silicon carbide brick layer 28 successively; The structure of vertical side cell wall is formed and is comprised fire brick layer 29, aluminum silicate fiber ply of paper 30, high alumina ceramic flaggy 31, alumina layer 32 and silicon-carbide-silicon nitride flaggy 33 from outside to inside successively; The aluminium cell covering plate structure is formed and is comprised high alumina ceramic flaggy 34, high-alumina cement precoated plate layer 35 and aluminum silicate fiber flaggy 36 from bottom to top successively; And be provided with high-alumina cement mould material horn shape intensive aspect 37 in the vertical base side channel wall outside.Referring to Fig. 3.
Embodiment 4
A kind of aluminium cell, the structure at the bottom of the level trough of electrolyzer is formed ecto-entad and is comprised insulating brick-layer 38, the antiseepage bed of material 39, aluminum silicate fiber ply of paper 40, alumina layer 41 and corundum brick layer 42 successively; The structure of vertical side cell wall is formed and is comprised fire brick layer 43, high-alumina cement pouring layer 44, aluminum silicate fiber ply of paper 45, alumina layer 46 and corundum flaggy 47 from outside to inside successively; The aluminium cell covering plate structure is formed and is comprised silit flaggy 48 and aluminum silicate fiber ply of paper 49 from bottom to top successively; And be provided with the tabular intensive aspect of brick firebrick layer 50 and Calucium Silicate powder flaggy 51 in the middle and lower part in the vertical side cell wall outside.Referring to Fig. 4.
Embodiment 5
A kind of aluminium cell, the structure with the vertical side cell wall at the bottom of the level trough of electrolyzer comprises from outside to inside successively: aluminum silicate fiber flaggy 52, alumina layer 53 and carbon piece layer 54; The aluminium cell covering plate structure is formed and is comprised compound flaggy 55 of silit-silicon oxide and aluminum silicate fiber flaggy 56 from bottom to top successively.Referring to Fig. 5.
The laminate of going to the bottom most of the cover plate of said electrolyzer is the cored slab structure, and the cored slab two ends have through hole 57.Referring to Fig. 6.
Groove cover plate horizontal positioned helps the airtight of electrolyzer, and capacity usage ratio is high, and the convenient ionogen volatile matter that reclaims; Groove cover plate bottom is a hollow structure, and air is unrestricted flow in hole, helps the temperature regulation of electrolyzer.
Embodiment 6
With the 20kA electrolyzer is example, is four-layer structure at the bottom of the level trough, from inside to outside is followed successively by thick aluminum silicate fiber paper and one deck refractory brick of 90mm thick high alumina ceramic plate, 100mm thick aluminum oxide, 50mm.The vertical side cell wall is six layers of structure, and the innermost layer is built the high alumina ceramic shaped brick by laying bricks or stones, and the fissure of displacement is built by laying bricks or stones, thickness 60mm; Sublevel is laid the thick aluminum oxide of 60mm, and layer is laid the thick aluminum silicate fiber paper of 40mm once more, and sublevel is the thick anti-bleed of 100mm again, and sublevel is two-layer insulating brick again, and sublevel is a calcium silicate board again.The liner furnace construction engineering is undertaken by the electrolysis of aluminum industry standard.The orlop of groove cover plate is hollow corundum plate, thickness 40mm; On be the thick aluminosilicate fiberboard of 15mm layer by layer.This electrolyzer does not contain carbon materials, can better satisfy the requirement of vertical electrode electrolysis process, and capacity usage ratio is greater than 70%.
Embodiment 7
With the 20kA electrolyzer is example, and the vertical side cell wall is a five-layer structure, from inside to outside is followed successively by thick silicon-carbide-silicon nitride plate of 60mm or carborundum plate, thick thick aluminum silicate fiber paper and one deck refractory brick of high alumina ceramic plate, 30mm of aluminum oxide, 30mm that 60mm is thick.Be seven-layer structure at the bottom of the level trough, the innermost layer is built the silit shaped brick by laying bricks or stones, and the fissure of displacement is built by laying bricks or stones, thickness 30mm; Sublevel is laid the thick aluminum oxide of 20mm, and layer is laid the thick aluminum silicate fiber paper of 10mm once more, and sublevel is the thick anti-bleed of 50mm again, and sublevel is one deck refractory brick again, and sublevel is two-layer insulating brick again, and sublevel is a calcium silicate board again.The liner furnace construction engineering is undertaken by the electrolysis of aluminum industry standard.The orlop of groove cover plate is the thick hollow high alumina ceramic plate of 20mm, and the middle level is the thick high-alumina cement precoated plate of 20mm, on be the thick aluminosilicate fiberboard of 15mm layer by layer.This cell body does not contain carbon materials, can better satisfy the requirement of vertical electrode electrolysis process, and capacity usage ratio is greater than 70%.
Embodiment 8
With the 160kA electrolyzer is example, and the vertical side cell wall is six layers of structure, from inside to outside is followed successively by thick thick aluminum silicate fiber paper, one deck refractory brick and the calcium silicate board of high-alumina cement mould material, 10mm of 30mm thick corundum plate, 20mm thick aluminum oxide, 50mm.Be five-layer structure at the bottom of the level trough, the innermost layer is built the corundum shaped brick by laying bricks or stones, and the fissure of displacement is built by laying bricks or stones, thickness 90mm; Its sublevel is laid the thick aluminum oxide of 80mm, and layer is laid the thick aluminum silicate fiber paper of 40mm once more, and sublevel is the thick anti-bleed of 120mm again, and sublevel is one deck refractory brick again, and sublevel is one deck insulating brick again, and sublevel is a calcium silicate board again.The liner furnace construction engineering is undertaken by the electrolysis of aluminum industry standard.The orlop of cell cover plate is the thick hollow carborundum plate of 40mm, on be the thick aluminosilicate fiberboard of 15mm layer by layer.This cell body does not contain carbon materials, can better satisfy the requirement of vertical electrode electrolysis process, and capacity usage ratio is greater than 70%.
Embodiment 9
With the 160kA electrolyzer is example, and the vertical side cell wall is a three-decker, from inside to outside is followed successively by thick conventional cathode carbon piece of 80-500mm or high-strength graphite piece, the thick aluminum silicate fiber paper of aluminum oxide, 50mm that 100mm is thick.Be three-decker at the bottom of the level trough, the innermost layer is different types of cathode block or high-strength graphite piece, thickness 80-500mm; The thick aluminum oxide of 100mm is laid in the middle layer, lays the thick aluminum silicate fiber paper of 50mm outward layer by layer.Carbon piece internal surface has the crust 57 of 50-200mm.The liner furnace construction engineering is undertaken by the electrolysis of aluminum industry standard.The orlop of cell cover plate is the thick hollow carborundum plate of 40mm, and the upper strata is the thick aluminosilicate fiberboard of 15mm.This cell body crusts through formation sidepiece and bottom and forms the protection to inner lining material, can better satisfy the requirement of vertical electrode electrolysis process, and realize good thermal equilibrium.
Claims (6)
1. aluminium cell is characterized in that its structure comprises:
The vertical side cell wall that aluminium cell cell body---this cell body combines as a whole with cell body at the bottom of by level trough;
Aluminium cell cover plate---this cover plate is the horizontal cover plate that covers vertical cell wall upper end, on the cover board has the electrode through hole;
Structure at the bottom of the level trough of said electrolyzer comprises what ecto-entad set gradually, is selected from least three kinds of material layers in calcium silicate board, light-weight insulating brick, refractory brick, anti-bleed, aluminum silicate fiber paper, aluminum oxide, conventional cathode carbon piece/high-strength graphite piece, high alumina ceramic brick or corundum brick or silicon carbide brick or other anti-corrosion nitride, the carbide;
The structure of the vertical side cell wall of said electrolyzer comprises what ecto-entad set gradually, is selected from least three kinds of material layers in high-alumina cement mould material, refractory brick, aluminum silicate fiber paper, aluminum oxide, conventional cathode carbon piece/high-strength graphite piece, carborundum plate or silicon-carbide-silicon nitride plate or high alumina ceramic plate or other anti-corrosion nitride, the carbide;
Said aluminium cell cover plate is a multilayered structure, comprises setting gradually from top to bottom, is selected from least two kinds of material layers in high-alumina cement precoated plate, aluminosilicate fiberboard, carborundum plate or high alumina ceramic plate or the corundum plate.
2. a kind of aluminium cell according to claim 1 is characterized in that structure at the bottom of the level trough of said electrolyzer forms ecto-entad and comprise Calucium Silicate powder flaggy, insulating brick-layer, the antiseepage bed of material, ca silicate fibre ply of paper, alumina layer and high alumina ceramic brick layer successively; The structure of vertical side cell wall is formed and is comprised fire brick layer, aluminum silicate fiber ply of paper, alumina layer and high alumina ceramic flaggy from outside to inside successively; The aluminium cell covering plate structure is formed and is comprised corundum flaggy and the corundum flaggy compound aluminum silicate fiber flaggy that is positioned at bottom.
3. a kind of aluminium cell according to claim 1 is characterized in that structure at the bottom of the level trough of said electrolyzer forms ecto-entad and comprise Calucium Silicate powder flaggy, insulating brick-layer, the antiseepage bed of material, ca silicate fibre ply of paper, alumina layer and silicon carbide brick layer successively; The structure of vertical side cell wall is formed and is comprised fire brick layer, aluminum silicate fiber ply of paper, high alumina ceramic flaggy, alumina layer, silit flaggy or silicon-carbide-silicon nitride flaggy from outside to inside successively; The aluminium cell covering plate structure is formed and is comprised high alumina ceramic flaggy, high-alumina cement precoated plate layer and aluminum silicate fiber flaggy from bottom to top successively; And the side channel wall outside perpendicular to the bottom is provided with the horn shape intensive aspect into the high-alumina cement mould material.
4. a kind of aluminium cell according to claim 1 is characterized in that structure at the bottom of the level trough of said electrolyzer forms ecto-entad and comprise insulating brick-layer, the antiseepage bed of material, ca silicate fibre ply of paper, alumina layer and corundum brick layer successively; The structure of vertical side cell wall is formed and is comprised fire brick layer, high-alumina cement pouring layer, aluminum silicate fiber ply of paper, alumina layer and corundum flaggy from outside to inside successively; The aluminium cell covering plate structure is formed and is comprised silit flaggy and aluminum silicate fiber ply of paper from bottom to top successively; And be provided with the tabular intensive aspect of fire brick layer and Calucium Silicate powder flaggy in middle and lower part perpendicular to the side channel wall outside.
5. a kind of aluminium cell according to claim 1 is characterized in that at the bottom of the level trough of said electrolyzer comprising successively from outside to inside with the structure of vertical side cell wall: aluminum silicate fiber flaggy, alumina layer and carbon piece layer; The aluminium cell covering plate structure is formed and is comprised compound flaggy of silit-silicon oxide and aluminum silicate fiber flaggy from bottom to top successively.
6. a kind of aluminium cell according to claim 1 is characterized in that the laminate of going to the bottom most of the cover plate of said electrolyzer is the cored slab structure, and the cored slab two ends have through hole.
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| CN102296328A (en) * | 2011-07-01 | 2011-12-28 | 云南云铝涌鑫铝业有限公司 | Low temperature control method for aluminum electrolysis |
| CN103320817A (en) * | 2013-07-09 | 2013-09-25 | 中国铝业股份有限公司 | Preparation method of heat-preserving and sealing structure above hearth of inert electrode aluminum electrolyzing tank |
| CN103834967A (en) * | 2013-12-12 | 2014-06-04 | 中国铝业股份有限公司 | Method for adjusting energy balance of aluminium electrolytic tank |
| CN103741166A (en) * | 2013-12-30 | 2014-04-23 | 云南云铝涌鑫铝业有限公司 | Electrolytic cell |
| FR3023301B1 (en) * | 2014-07-04 | 2016-07-01 | Rio Tinto Alcan Int Ltd | ELECTROLYSIS TANK |
| CN104197717B (en) * | 2014-09-05 | 2016-05-11 | 辽宁伊菲科技股份有限公司 | A kind of aluminum alloy smelting furnace construction method with high nitrogen composite ceramics inner liner |
| CN104404572A (en) * | 2014-11-25 | 2015-03-11 | 湖南创元铝业有限公司 | Aluminum electrolysis cell |
| RU2621197C1 (en) * | 2016-02-09 | 2017-06-01 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Объединенная Компания РУСАЛ Инженерно-технологический центр" | Method of loading the electrolyser cathode for preparing aluminium |
| CN105887139B (en) * | 2016-06-28 | 2018-03-30 | 中南大学 | A kind of controllable aluminium cell anode covering sealing structure |
| RU2657395C1 (en) * | 2017-07-03 | 2018-06-13 | Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Сибирский федеральный университет" | Electrolyzer for obtaining aluminum |
| CN109267102B (en) * | 2018-08-23 | 2020-09-25 | 贵州能矿锰业集团有限公司 | Composite structure electrolytic cell and electrolytic cell assembly |
| CN112066391A (en) * | 2020-09-07 | 2020-12-11 | 上海灿州环境工程有限公司 | Hearth refractory layer and manufacturing method thereof |
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