CN101709427A - Low-cost, high-strength, high-toughness and high-abrasion resistance cold-working die steel and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Low-cost, high-strength, high-toughness and high-abrasion resistance cold-working die steel and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a low-cost, high-strength, high-toughness and high-abrasion resistance alloy steel and a preparation method thereof. The invention belongs to the technical field of preparation technologies of special alloy steel. The alloy steel comprises the following elements by weight percent: 0.88-1.10% of C, 0.45-0.65% of Si, 0.20-0.50% of Mn, 7.50-9.0% of Cr, 1.30-1.80% of Mn, 0.30-0.60% of V and the balance of Fe. The preparation process comprises the following steps: (1) preparing materials and melting by using the conventional method, wherein the melting temperature is 1500-1550 DEG C; (2) carrying out electro-slag re-melting; (3) annealing after the electro-slag re-melting; (4) forging; (5) annealing after the forging, and annealing at the temperature of 850-880 DEG C for 8 hours; (6) carrying out shpheroidizing annealing to 860-550 DEG C; and (7) carrying out the heat treatment technology, adopting the low temperature quenching and low temperature tempering or high temperature quenching and high temperature tempering technology for carrying out heat treatment, and finally preparing the high-strength, high-toughness and high-abrasion resistance cold-working die steel. The hardness of the die steel is 62-63HRC and the average impact toughness is 80J. Compared with the imparted steel, the alloy steel has the equivalent hardness and toughness, and can completely replace the imported high-strength, high-toughness and high-abrasion resistance cold-working die steel.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to tough high-wearing feature cold-work die steel of a kind of high strength and low cost and preparation method thereof.Belong to Special Alloy Steel manufacturing process field.
Background technology
Cold-work die steel is mainly used in and is manufactured on the mould that carries out press forming under cold state (room temperature) condition, as cold stretching mould, cold-heading mould, cold extrusion die, impressing mould, rolling die etc.The working conditions of cold-work die is similar a bit with cutlery, but because of machined material is out of shape under cold conditions, so resistance to deformation is very big.Compare with Cutlery Steel, cold-work die steel should require higher hardening capacity, wear resistance and toughness, and the requirement of red hardness can be hanged down, and the temperature rising can be above 200～300 ℃ when general cold-work die was worked.
For a long time, China extensively adopts CrWMn, the Cr12 shaped steel main separation material as cold-work die.Because the former easily forms carbide network, the latter easily forms banded carbide, and the macrosegregation of carbide reduces the obdurability of mould, causes the mould tipping, ruptures or subsides.
Along with processing technology, machined material reach the variation to the mould demand, original basic series can not be satisfied the demand, it is not a lot of reducing for the toughness that improves cold-work die steel and the wear resistance that makes steel, the main enterprises that more external die steel are produced has been developed the cold-work die steel that a series of high tenacity, high-wearing feature have both in succession.The general carbon content of this class steel is about 1%, contains Cr8%, adds alloying elements such as Mo, V, Si, and its carbide is tiny, be evenly distributed, toughness is far above the Cr12 types of steel, and wear resistance is then close with it.Their hardness, bending strength, fatigue strength and fracture toughness property height, anti-temper resistance also are higher than Cr12 type die steel, are suitable for high velocity ram machine and multi-work-station punch press.As the K340 steel of Lesco wear, the BOHLER of the CRU-WEAR steel of U.S. CRUCIBLE company exploitation, Timken, the QCM8 of Japanese adret special steel, the DC53 of Datong District's special steel, the Hitachi Metals novel cold-work die steel of SLD-Magic newly developed in recent years, like to know the steel such as SX5 (Cr8MoV), TCD of system steel company.
The high-end high-toughness cold-work mould steel of China mainly relies on import before, but owing to import steel fancy price makes the cold-work die manufacturing enterprise cost of China increase or the enterprise that has continues to use low side die steel and production efficiency is low, this not only makes a lot of manufacturing enterprises lack international and domestic competitive power, also causes the waste of China's ample resources.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide cold-work die steel of a kind of novel low-cost, high tough high abrasion and preparation method thereof.
The cold-work die steel of a kind of low cost of the present invention, high tough high abrasion is characterized in that the alloy element component of this die steel and percentage composition thereof are as follows:
C 0.88～1.10％，Si 0.45～0.65％，
Mn 0.20～0.50％，Cr 7.50～9.0％，
Mo 1.30～1.80％，V 0.30～0.60％，
The Fe surplus.
The preparation method of the cold-work die steel of a kind of low cost of the present invention, high tough high abrasion is characterized in that having following process and step:
A. melting: after the alloying element of die steel carries out weighing and burden by above-mentioned design mix and weight percent,, admixtion is positioned in the medium-frequency induction furnace, carries out melting at 1500～1550 ℃ by traditional ordinary method melting; Pour into a mould steel ingot then, it is stand-by to enter next step;
B. esr: utilize electric current to melt the alloy mother metal of consumable electrode by the electroslag layer heat that has a resistance, in slag blanket fell to metal pool in the water mold, steel ingot is progressively crystallization from bottom to top with the molten drop form for liquid metal.Behind esr, can reduce the content of gas and inclusion, and obtain uniform ingredients, dense structure, steel ingot that quality is high.Alloy obtains further refining during remelting, and inclusion is by wash heat and come-up removal in the molten bath;
C. esr after annealing: steel ingot after pouring into a mould in 850～880 ℃ of annealing 8 hours, furnace cooling subsequently;
D. forge: steel ingot is heated to 1200～1230 ℃, carries out rough forge, 850～950 ℃ of final forging temperatures;
E. forging rear annealing: in 850～880 ℃ of annealing 8 hours, furnace cooling subsequently;
F. Spheroidizing Annealing: 860 ℃ of insulations 3 hours, then,, be incubated 4 hours when temperature is cooled to 730 ℃ so that per hour 30 ℃ speed of cooling stove is cold, then so that per hour 30 ℃ speed of cooling stove is cold, air cooling after temperature reaches 550 ℃;
G. thermal treatment process: adopt low quenching hang down back or the height height time technology of quenching is heat-treated;
(1) low quenching hanged down back technology: 1020～1040 ℃ of quenchings, 180～230 ℃ of tempering 2 hours 2 times;
(2) the height high technology of returning of quenching: 1080～1080 ℃ of quenchings, 480～540 ℃ of tempering 2 hours 2 times;
After heat treatment promptly obtain high tough high wear-resisting cold process die steel.
Characteristics of the present invention and advantage are as described below:
(1) alloy element component of cold-work die steel of the present invention design is suitably reducing C and Cr on the Cr12MoV basis, increasing Mo and V, to reduce and the refining eutectic carbide crystal grain thinning.In matrix, improve obdurability with an amount of Si solid solution, under austenitizing temperature, make C amount in the austenite reach 0.6% about and have a high hardenability.
(2) cold-work die steel and the Cr12Mo V that make of the inventive method, Cr8 and DC53 are recommending under the thermal treatment process condition hardness suitable separately, obdurability is significantly improved than Cr12MoV, import high-toughness cold-work mould steels such as its over-all properties and DC53, SLD-Magic and ASSAB88 quite and cost is lower than the import steel can substitute the import high-toughness cold-work mould steel fully.
(3) thermal treatment process in the inventive method, can adopt low quench hang down back or the thermal treatment process of the high height time quenched with, its system of heat treatment process sees Table 1.
The thermal treatment process of table 1 cold-work die steel of the present invention
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the hardness and the impelling strength comparison diagram (under the low low backheat treatment process of quenching) of cold-work die steel of the present invention and import steel
Fig. 2 is the hardness and the impelling strength comparison diagram (under height is quenched high backheat treatment process) of cold-work die steel of the present invention and import steel
Embodiment
After now specific embodiments of the invention being described in.
Embodiment
The embodiment of the invention adopts the composition and the weight percent thereof of die steel as follows:
C 0.90％；
Si 0.55％；
Mn 0.35％；
Cr 8.0％；
Mo 1.60％；
V 0.50％；
The Fe surplus.
The preparation process and the step of present embodiment are as follows:
(1). melting: after the alloying element of die steel carries out weighing and burden by above-mentioned design mix and weight percent,, admixtion is positioned in the medium-frequency induction furnace, carries out melting at 1500～1550 ℃ by traditional ordinary method melting; Pour into a mould steel ingot then, it is stand-by to enter next step;
(2). esr: utilize electric current to melt the alloy mother metal of consumable electrode by the electroslag layer heat that has a resistance, in slag blanket fell to metal pool in the water mold, steel ingot is progressively crystallization from bottom to top with the molten drop form for liquid metal.Behind esr, can reduce the content of gas and inclusion, and obtain uniform ingredients, dense structure, steel ingot that quality is high.Alloy obtains further refining during remelting, and inclusion is by wash heat and come-up removal in the molten bath;
(3). the esr after annealing: steel ingot after pouring into a mould in 850～880 ℃ of annealing 8 hours, furnace cooling subsequently;
(4). forge: steel ingot is heated to 1200～1230 ℃, carries out rough forge, 850～950 ℃ of final forging temperatures;
(5). forging rear annealing: in 850～880 ℃ of annealing 8 hours, furnace cooling subsequently;
(6). Spheroidizing Annealing: 860 ℃ of insulations 3 hours, then,, be incubated 4 hours when temperature is cooled to 730 ℃ so that per hour 30 ℃ speed of cooling stove is cold, then so that per hour 30 ℃ speed of cooling stove is cold, air cooling after temperature reaches 550 ℃;
(7). thermal treatment process: adopt low quench low backheat treatment process or the height high backheat treatment process of quenching;
Low quenching hanged down back technology: 1040 ℃ of quenchings, 210 ℃ of tempering 2 hours 2 times;
The height high technology of returning of quenching: 1080 ℃ of quenchings, 540 ℃ of tempering 2 hours 2 times;
Finally make high tough high wear-resisting cold process die steel.
In the embodiments of the invention, under above-mentioned thermal treatment process condition, its hardness of the cold-work die steel that makes is at 62～63HRC, and average impelling strength is 80J, and its hardness and Cr12MoV are suitable, and its toughness is suitable with SLD-Magic with import steel DC53, ASSAB88.
Cold-work die steel of the present invention recommend under the heat-treat condition with the hardness of other steel alloys and impelling strength relatively, can be referring to the Fig. 1 in the accompanying drawing and Fig. 2.Fig. 1 is the performance comparison under the low low backheat treatment process of quenching, and Fig. 2 compares for the performance under height is quenched high backheat treatment process.
Claims (2)
1. tough high wear-resisting cold process die steel of high strength and low cost is characterized in that the alloy element component of this die steel and weight percent thereof are as follows:
C 0.88～1.10％，
Si 0.45～0.65％，
Mn 0.20～0.50％，
Cr 7.50～9.0％，
Mo 1.30～1.80％，
V 0.30～0.60％，
The Fe surplus.
2. the preparation method of the tough high wear-resisting cold process die steel of high strength and low cost is characterized in that having following process and step:
A. melting: after the alloying element of die steel carries out weighing and burden by above-mentioned design mix and weight percent,, admixtion is positioned in the medium-frequency induction furnace, carries out melting at 1500～1550 ℃ by traditional ordinary method melting; Pour into a mould steel ingot then, it is stand-by to enter next step;
B. esr: utilize electric current to melt the alloy mother metal of consumable electrode by the electroslag layer heat that has a resistance, in slag blanket fell to metal pool in the water mold, steel ingot is progressively crystallization from bottom to top with the molten drop form for liquid metal.Behind esr, can reduce the content of gas and inclusion, and obtain uniform ingredients, dense structure, steel ingot that quality is high.Alloy obtains further refining during remelting, and inclusion is by wash heat and come-up removal in the molten bath;
C. esr after annealing: steel ingot after pouring into a mould in 850～880 ℃ of annealing 8 hours, furnace cooling subsequently;
D. forge: steel ingot is heated to 1200～1230 ℃, carries out rough forge, 850～950 ℃ of final forging temperatures;
E. forging rear annealing: in 850～880 ℃ of annealing 8 hours, furnace cooling subsequently;
F. Spheroidizing Annealing: 860 ℃ of insulations 3 hours, then,, be incubated 4 hours when temperature is cooled to 730 ℃ so that per hour 30 ℃ speed of cooling stove is cold, then so that per hour 30 ℃ speed of cooling stove is cold, air cooling after temperature reaches 550 ℃;
G. thermal treatment process: adopt low quenching hang down back or the height height time technology of quenching is heat-treated;
(1) low quenching hanged down back technology: 1020～1040 ℃ of quenchings, 180～230 ℃ of tempering 2 hours 2 times;
(2) the height high technology of returning of quenching: 1080～1080 ℃ of quenchings, 480～540 ℃ of tempering 2 hours 2 times;
After heat treatment promptly obtain high tough high wear-resisting cold process die steel.
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