CN101709393A - Method for preparing contact material having high performance and low mixed copper-chromium alloy content - Google Patents
Method for preparing contact material having high performance and low mixed copper-chromium alloy content Download PDFInfo
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- CN101709393A CN101709393A CN200910191267A CN200910191267A CN101709393A CN 101709393 A CN101709393 A CN 101709393A CN 200910191267 A CN200910191267 A CN 200910191267A CN 200910191267 A CN200910191267 A CN 200910191267A CN 101709393 A CN101709393 A CN 101709393A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing a contact material having high performance and low mixed copper-chromium alloy content. The method comprises the following steps of: (1) mixing a metal copper material and a metal chromium material according to a proportion of 10-75 weight percent of the weight content of the chromium to prepare a sample according to alloy components required by a process; (2) pressing the prepared mixed material powder into blocks, or preparing the prepared mixed material powder into alloy prefabricating ingots through vacuum induction smelting or vacuum non-consumable arc smelting; (3) under the protection of inert gas, heating and smelting the alloy prefabricating ingots in a vacuum electromagnetic suspension stove or a cold crucible stove through high-frequency induction; and (4) cooling and solidifying by adopting high-purity inert gas or a water-cooling copper crucible to obtain copper-chromium alloy ingots. The preparation method has uniform alloy components, low content of gas such as oxygen, nitrogen, and the like, dense texture, uniform component, high purity and fewer impurities, greatly improves the performance of the copper-chromium alloy contact material, can avoid pollution of crucible materials to the alloy at high temperature and ensures that the microscopic structure of the alloy is more uniform.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method who makes the contact material of chrome copper alloy of using in the electrical material field, especially utilize electromagnetic suspension smelting technique production high-performance, the low preparation method who is mingled with contact material of chrome copper alloy.
Background technology
Copper chromium (CuCr) alloy is the contact material that is widely used in the mesohigh vacuum interrupter, has proof voltage and dropout current ability preferably.Wherein gas and foreign matter content index are the keys of its performance of decision.When containing gas contents such as higher oxygen, nitrogen or more inclusion in the material, will greatly damage the contact performance even can not use.Therefore, the pollution that constantly reduces the gas content in the material and reduce inclusion is the key of development high-performance CuCr contact material.
At present, produce the CuCr alloy both at home and abroad and mainly contain five kinds of operational paths.
1. powder mixing method: with a certain proportion of Cu powder and Cr powder thorough mixing, coldmoulding forms through vacuum sintering or hot isostatic pressing again.The advantage of powder mixing method is that technology is simple, the ripening degree height, and shortcoming is that raw gas content is had very strict requirement, is difficult to obtain the product of low-gas content, density is low also to be a major defect.
2. infiltration method: with proper C r powder and the compacting of other component thorough mixing; in vacuum or inert protective atmosphere, sinter the Cr skeleton of certain porosity into; then ooze Cu in a vacuum; because wicking action; liquid Cu is inhaled in the hole of skeleton, forms the CuCr contact alloy of the densification of density more than 98% theoretical density.
3. consumable method: pack into Cu powder and Cr powder in the thin-walled Cu pipe or the CuCr alloy bar that powder mixing method is made is carried out consumable smelting as negative electrode in vacuum arc fumace, the gained ingot blank further improves density through hot extrusion again.Consumable method complicated process of preparation, the cost height.
4. vacuum melting method: a certain proportion of copper billet and chromium piece melted in the induction melting furnace in a vacuum frequently degas, pour into then in the special mould.
5. atomizing preparation method: after a certain proportion of copper billet and chromium piece be fused into the prealloy ingot in the induction melting furnace in a vacuum frequently, the prealloy ingot is prepared the chromiumcopper block materials by the gas atomization rapid solidification.The chromiumcopper of this method preparation is because the temperature of fusion height has special requirement to the crucible mouth.
In these five kinds of processing methodes first three plant to starting material particularly the Cr mealiness strict demand can be arranged; if the oxygen level of Cr powder is higher; the oxygen that sintering all can not effective elimination Cr powder in vacuum or protective atmosphere environment makes to have high oxygen level in the CuCr contact the most at last.Too high oxygen level can make contact emit a large amount of gases when dropout current, and the vacuum and the insulating power of infringement vacuum interrupter make vacuum interrupter cut-off failure, cause major accident.Though adopt in the vacuum smelting method and can obtain low gas content, but because vacuum melting is to carry out in the oxide compound crucible under excessive temperature, since under the high temperature chromiumcopper easily and material react, cause alloy to be polluted, and often there is more inclusion in the crucible material, reduced the reliability of contact.Because the melting of chromiumcopper is carried out under excessive temperature, adopt vacuum induction melting method and atomizing preparation method all easily and crucible material react, cause alloy to be polluted, and often have more inclusion in the crucible material, reduced the reliability of contact.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the above-mentioned deficiency of preparation CuCr alloy method in the prior art, the melting technology of preparing that adopts vacuum electromagnetic to suspend, a kind of contact material of chrome copper alloy that is used to prepare high-performance, hypoxemia, low nitrogen, low inclusion is provided, increase substantially the performance of contact material of chrome copper alloy, fundamentally solve the pollution problem of crucible material.
Technical scheme of the present invention: the preparation method of contact material having high performance and low mixed copper-chromium alloy content is characterized in that comprising following operation steps:
(1), be that the ratio of 10wt%～75wt% is joined sample according to weight of chromium content with copper metallic substance and chromium metallic substance according to the alloying constituent of processing requirement; Corresponding copper metallic substance weight content is 25wt%～90wt%;
(2) material for preparing is mixed powder and be pressed into block, perhaps make the prefabricated ingot of alloy by vacuum induction melting and vacuum non-consumable arc melting; After material put into vacuum induction melting furnace or vacuum non-consumable arc-melting furnace, extract the gas in the smelting furnace earlier, charge into high purity inert gas then;
(3) under protection of inert gas, the prefabricated ingot of alloy is melted through high-frequency induction heating in vacuum electromagnetic shower furnace or cold crucible furnace; The prefabricated ingot of alloy gets up at the effect low suspension of electromagnetic force, and heat fused, after treating that alloy pig melts fully, insulation for some time (make that dissolved gases evaporates as far as possible in the alloy sample, reduce associated gas content and also make both thorough mixing) to mix;
(4) adopt high purity inert gas cooled and solidified or employing water jacketed copper crucible cooled and solidified to obtain the chromiumcopper ingot.
Further feature is: in vacuum induction melting and vacuum non-consumable arc melting, and in vacuum electromagnetic suspended smelting and cold crucible fusion process, adopt high-purity argon gas as inert protective atmosphere.
High-performance of the present invention, the low preparation method who is mingled with contact material of chrome copper alloy with respect to prior art, have following characteristics:
1, alloying constituent is even, and gas contents such as oxygen, nitrogen are low, dense structure, even, the high purity of composition, and inclusion is few, increases substantially the performance of contact material of chrome copper alloy.
2, can avoid under the high temperature crucible material to the pollution of alloy, and can utilize the intensive function composite by electromagnetic stirring to make alloy microscopic structure more even.
3, present method is simple to operation, does not need complex apparatus.
Embodiment
High-performance of the present invention, the low preparation method who is mingled with contact material of chrome copper alloy, its working method is as follows:
1. according to the alloying constituent of processing requirement, be that the ratio of 10wt%～75wt% is joined sample with copper metallic substance and chromium metallic substance according to weight of chromium content, copper metallic substance weight content is 25wt%～90wt%;
2. the material for preparing is mixed powder and be pressed into block, perhaps make the prefabricated ingot of alloy by vacuum induction melting and vacuum non-consumable arc melting; After material put into vacuum induction melting furnace or vacuum non-consumable arc-melting furnace, extract the gas in the smelting furnace earlier, charge into high purity inert gas then;
3. under protection of inert gas, the prefabricated ingot of alloy is melted through high-frequency induction heating in vacuum electromagnetic shower furnace or cold crucible furnace; The prefabricated ingot of alloy gets up at the effect low suspension of electromagnetic force, and heat fused, treat that alloy pig melts fully after, the insulation for some time, soaking time is usually within 1 minute; Make that dissolved gases evaporates as far as possible in the alloy sample, reduce associated gas content and also both are mixed;
4. adopt the high purity inert gas cooled and solidified or adopt the water jacketed copper crucible cooled and solidified to obtain the chromiumcopper ingot.
Embodiment 1:
Get copper billet and the chromium piece respectively accounts for 50% of gross weight, put into vacuum non-consumable arc-melting furnace, be evacuated to 8.0 * 10
-4Charge into high-purity argon gas behind the Pa to 0.6MPa, connect the power supply starting the arc and be smelted into the prefabricated ingot of alloy, the prefabricated ingot of resulting alloy is put into the vacuum electromagnetic suspension smelting furnace, and the alumina-ceramic support bar by hollow heads into alloy pig in the radio-frequency induction coil, is evacuated to 7.0 * 10
-4Charge into high-purity argon gas behind the Pa to 0.6MPa, connect high frequency electric source, regulate received current and power, the prefabricated ingot of alloy gets up at the effect low suspension of electromagnetic force, and heat fused, observe the temperature of alloy pig by infrared thermometer, after treating that alloy pig melts fully, insulation 10-30 second (makes that dissolved gases evaporates as far as possible in the alloy sample, reduce associated gas content and both are mixed), outage rapidly, sample drops to (water jacketed copper crucible) in the copper crucible under the effect of gravity, and cooled and solidified obtains alloy pig rapidly.
Embodiment 2:
Get copper billet and chromium piece weight ratio is 85: 15, be evacuated to 1.5 * 10
-3Charge into high-purity argon gas behind the Pa to 0.3MPa, carry out induction melting and be cast into the prefabricated ingot of alloy, the prefabricated ingot of resulting alloy is put into the vacuum electromagnetic suspension smelting furnace, alloy pig is headed in the radio-frequency induction coil, be evacuated to 1.5 * 10 by hollow alumina-ceramic support bar
-3Charge into high-purity argon gas behind the Pa to 0.3MPa, connect high frequency electric source, regulate received current and power, the prefabricated ingot of alloy gets up at the effect low suspension of electromagnetic force, and heat fused, observe the temperature of alloy pig by infrared thermometer, shift out the alumina-ceramic support bar, treat that alloy pig melts fully after, insulation 10-30 second, blow high-purity helium from the alumina-ceramic bar of hollow, sample cooled and solidified under high-purity helium obtains alloy pig.
Embodiment 3:
Get copper billet and chromium piece weight ratio is 70: 30, put into vacuum induction melting, be evacuated to 1.0 * 10
- 3Charge into high-purity argon gas behind the Pa to 0.5MPa, carry out induction melting and be cast into the prefabricated ingot of alloy, the prefabricated ingot of resulting alloy is put into the cold crucible smelting furnace, be evacuated to 1.0 * 10
-3Charge into high-purity argon gas behind the Pa to 0.5MPa, connect high frequency electric source, regulate received current and power, the prefabricated ingot of alloy gets up at the effect low suspension of electromagnetic force, and heat fused, observe the temperature of alloy pig by infrared thermometer, after treating that alloy pig melts fully, be incubated 10-30 second, rapidly outage, sample drops in the copper crucible under the effect of gravity, and cooled and solidified obtains alloy pig rapidly.
Embodiment 4:
Getting copper powder and chromium powder weight ratio is 75: 25, is pressed into the prefabricated ingot of alloy by powder mixing method then, and the prefabricated ingot of alloy that mixes the powder compacting is put into the cold crucible smelting furnace, is evacuated to 1.2 * 10
-3Charge into high-purity argon gas behind the Pa to 0.4MPa, connect high frequency electric source, regulate received current and power, the prefabricated ingot of alloy gets up at the effect low suspension of electromagnetic force, and heat fused, observe the temperature of alloy pig by infrared thermometer, after treating that alloy pig melts fully, be incubated 10-30 second, rapidly outage, sample drops in the water jacketed copper crucible under the effect of gravity, and cooled and solidified obtains alloy pig rapidly.
Copper billet and chromium piece weight ratio can also be following ratios, 90: 10, and 88: 12,85: 15,80: 20,78: 22,73: 37,68: 32,65: 35,60: 40,58: 42,55: 45,48: 52,45: 55,42: 58,40: 60,38: 62,35: 65,33: 67,30: 70,25: 75 etc., can both satisfy preparation method's of the present invention requirement.
Need to prove at last, above embodiment is only in order to illustrate technical scheme of the present invention but not the restriction technologies scheme, although the applicant has been described in detail the present invention with reference to preferred embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that, those are made amendment to technical scheme of the present invention or are equal to replacement, and do not break away from the aim and the scope of the technical program, all should be encompassed in the middle of the claim scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. the preparation method of contact material having high performance and low mixed copper-chromium alloy content is characterized in that comprising following operation steps:
(1), be that the ratio of 10wt%～75wt% is joined sample according to weight of chromium content with copper metal and chromium metallic substance according to the alloying constituent of processing requirement;
(2) material for preparing is mixed powder and be pressed into block, perhaps make the prefabricated ingot of alloy by vacuum induction melting and vacuum non-consumable arc melting; After material put into vacuum induction melting furnace or vacuum non-consumable arc-melting furnace, extract the gas in the smelting furnace earlier, charge into high purity inert gas then;
(3) under protection of inert gas, the prefabricated ingot of alloy is melted through high-frequency induction heating in vacuum electromagnetic shower furnace or cold crucible furnace; The prefabricated ingot of alloy gets up at the effect low suspension of electromagnetic force, and heat fused, treat that alloy pig melts fully after, the insulation for some time;
(4) adopt high purity inert gas cooled and solidified or employing water jacketed copper crucible cooled and solidified to obtain the chromiumcopper ingot.
2. the preparation method of contact material having high performance and low mixed copper-chromium alloy content according to claim 1; it is characterized in that: in vacuum induction melting and vacuum non-consumable arc melting; and in vacuum electromagnetic suspended smelting and cold crucible fusion process, adopt high-purity argon gas as inert protective atmosphere.
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| CN200910191267A CN101709393A (en) | 2009-10-29 | 2009-10-29 | Method for preparing contact material having high performance and low mixed copper-chromium alloy content |
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101892361A (en) * | 2010-06-23 | 2010-11-24 | 重庆理工大学 | Method for preparing nano structure on copper chromium alloy surface |
| CN102294462A (en) * | 2011-09-26 | 2011-12-28 | 重庆理工大学 | Quick solidification preparation method of copper iron alloy material |
| CN102728843A (en) * | 2012-07-12 | 2012-10-17 | 陕西斯瑞工业有限责任公司 | Preparation method for copper-chromium alloy powder and preparation method for copper-chromium contacts |
| CN105349809A (en) * | 2015-10-25 | 2016-02-24 | 无棣向上机械设计服务有限公司 | Preparing method for copper-chromium alloy |
| CN106435234A (en) * | 2016-09-30 | 2017-02-22 | 攀枝花学院 | Method for removing inclusions from titanium-aluminum based alloy |
| CN110295294A (en) * | 2019-06-19 | 2019-10-01 | 陕西斯瑞新材料股份有限公司 | A kind of preparation method mutually optimizing copper chromium contact by adding Ultra-fine Grained chromium |
| CN111621656A (en) * | 2020-04-21 | 2020-09-04 | 陕西斯瑞新材料股份有限公司 | Method for preparing CuCr-MgBi contact material by adopting electromagnetic-ultrasonic suspension smelting |
| WO2021139245A1 (en) * | 2020-01-10 | 2021-07-15 | 陕西斯瑞新材料股份有限公司 | Method for preparing high te content cucr contact |
| CN114540729A (en) * | 2022-02-23 | 2022-05-27 | 陕西斯瑞新材料股份有限公司 | Method for preparing alloy ingot for copper-chromium contact by adopting suspension smelting down-drawing process |
| CN114628178A (en) * | 2022-03-16 | 2022-06-14 | 桂林金格电工电子材料科技有限公司 | Preparation method of copper-chromium contact consumable electrode |
| CN114939665A (en) * | 2022-05-30 | 2022-08-26 | 承德天大钒业有限责任公司 | Preparation method of high-uniformity vanadium-aluminum alloy powder |
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2009
- 2009-10-29 CN CN200910191267A patent/CN101709393A/en active Pending
Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101892361A (en) * | 2010-06-23 | 2010-11-24 | 重庆理工大学 | Method for preparing nano structure on copper chromium alloy surface |
| CN102294462A (en) * | 2011-09-26 | 2011-12-28 | 重庆理工大学 | Quick solidification preparation method of copper iron alloy material |
| CN102728843A (en) * | 2012-07-12 | 2012-10-17 | 陕西斯瑞工业有限责任公司 | Preparation method for copper-chromium alloy powder and preparation method for copper-chromium contacts |
| CN105349809A (en) * | 2015-10-25 | 2016-02-24 | 无棣向上机械设计服务有限公司 | Preparing method for copper-chromium alloy |
| CN106435234A (en) * | 2016-09-30 | 2017-02-22 | 攀枝花学院 | Method for removing inclusions from titanium-aluminum based alloy |
| CN106435234B (en) * | 2016-09-30 | 2017-12-15 | 攀枝花学院 | A kind of method of field trash in removal titanium aluminium base alloy |
| CN110295294A (en) * | 2019-06-19 | 2019-10-01 | 陕西斯瑞新材料股份有限公司 | A kind of preparation method mutually optimizing copper chromium contact by adding Ultra-fine Grained chromium |
| WO2021139245A1 (en) * | 2020-01-10 | 2021-07-15 | 陕西斯瑞新材料股份有限公司 | Method for preparing high te content cucr contact |
| CN111621656A (en) * | 2020-04-21 | 2020-09-04 | 陕西斯瑞新材料股份有限公司 | Method for preparing CuCr-MgBi contact material by adopting electromagnetic-ultrasonic suspension smelting |
| CN111621656B (en) * | 2020-04-21 | 2021-08-06 | 陕西斯瑞新材料股份有限公司 | Method for preparing CuCr-MgBi contact material by adopting electromagnetic-ultrasonic suspension smelting |
| CN114540729A (en) * | 2022-02-23 | 2022-05-27 | 陕西斯瑞新材料股份有限公司 | Method for preparing alloy ingot for copper-chromium contact by adopting suspension smelting down-drawing process |
| CN114628178A (en) * | 2022-03-16 | 2022-06-14 | 桂林金格电工电子材料科技有限公司 | Preparation method of copper-chromium contact consumable electrode |
| CN114628178B (en) * | 2022-03-16 | 2024-03-19 | 桂林金格电工电子材料科技有限公司 | Preparation method of consumable electrode of copper-chromium contact |
| CN114939665A (en) * | 2022-05-30 | 2022-08-26 | 承德天大钒业有限责任公司 | Preparation method of high-uniformity vanadium-aluminum alloy powder |
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Open date: 20100519 |