CN101708546A - Casting process of aluminum alloy slab ingot - Google Patents

Casting process of aluminum alloy slab ingot Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101708546A
CN101708546A CN200910230851A CN200910230851A CN101708546A CN 101708546 A CN101708546 A CN 101708546A CN 200910230851 A CN200910230851 A CN 200910230851A CN 200910230851 A CN200910230851 A CN 200910230851A CN 101708546 A CN101708546 A CN 101708546A
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casting
crystallizer
aluminium liquid
aluminium
holding furnace
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CN101708546B (en
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吕正风
孟双
赵英斌
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Shandong Nanshan Aluminium Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention relates to a casting process of a aluminum alloy slab ingot, which is particularly suitable for co-casting the aluminum alloy slab ingot with different specifications and belongs to the production technical field of aluminum processing industry. The casting process comprises the following steps of: 1, establishing casting process parameters; 2, simulating casting; 3, confirming fusant temperature in a heat preserving furnace; 4, laying out a crystallizer; 5, casting; 6, sampling from final components; and 7, cooling aluminum liquid. The casting process of aluminum alloy slab ingot is capable of casting the aluminum alloy slab ingot with two or more than two specifications at one step, and has high production safety, low investment cost and easy operation.

Description

Casting process of aluminum alloy slab ingot
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of casting process of aluminum alloy slab ingot, be specially adapted to belong to aluminium processing industry production technical field with casting time production different size aluminium alloy flat bloom.
Background technology
Existing casting machine is commonly a casting time can only produce a kind of aluminium alloy flat bloom of specification, there is sizable potential safety hazard in casting machine when a casting of casting time two or more specifications, picture leaks that aluminium, ingot casting hang, liquid level is low, the liquid level height is the phenomenon of the easiest appearance, and the casting process of aluminum alloy slab ingot of present same casting time two kinds of specifications of casting even three kinds of specifications is domestic not to be had substantially.Existing light-alloy founding workshop generally is provided with the crystallizer of 20 cover different sizes: thickness range is 520-640mm, width range is 1150-2130mm, the ingot casting length of producing is the longest to be 9150mm, every casting time can only be with a kind of specification mould casting, and a lot of order volume seldom (have the test material) or scold list according to the piece of client's needs, do not reach founding lowest manufactured ability, and in order to draw the client over to one's side, also must produce by tissue, just can only arrangement beyond the planned quota cast a few block casting ingots more, reached founding lowest manufactured ability, the ingot casting of many castings overstocks at the scene, workshop, has so just caused a large amount of metals to overstock, and causes the wasting of resources, strengthened production cost, posed a big pressure for unit metal circulation and capital turnover.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to solve the weak point that above-mentioned prior art exists, provide a kind of disposable aluminium alloy flat bloom, production security height, cost of investment of casting two or more specifications low, the casting process of aluminum alloy slab ingot of easy operating.
The present invention is on the basis of former computer automatic control system, by changing the parameter of computer controlled automatic, realize the casting technique of same casting time two kinds of specifications of casting even plurality of specifications aluminium alloy flat bloom, crystallizer according to selected different size, computer can be realized regulating automatically according to aluminium liquid height, to guarantee to cast the new process system of successfully formulating the casting that meets these crystallizers, guarantee that the presentation quality and the internal soundness of product all satisfies customer requirement.
The casting technique of aluminium alloy flat bloom of the present invention, special character are to comprise following technological process:
1, formulates casting technological parameter
Relatively, promptly compare casting speed, discharge, secondary water valve, control pin open degree, casting changeover portion with the casting technological parameter of the casting time ingot casting of casting; When casting, casting speed is to be as the criterion with the casting time the slowest technology of casting speed, discharge is to be as the criterion with casting time maximum discharge, the secondary water valve is as the criterion time to open the secondary water valve time the earliest with casting, control pin open degree is: the control pin open degree of the inferior small dimension crystallizer of casting is less than the control pin open degree 1.5mm-2.5mm with the inferior big specification crystallizer of casting together, and the casting changeover portion is with casting time the longest being as the criterion of changeover portion together;
2, simulation casting
With the above-mentioned made casting technological parameter input computer of reserving, utilize the PLC automatic control system to select simulation casting program, the PLC automatic control system is according to temperature, the height of aluminium liquid, fill rate, the discharge of the casting technological parameter simulation aluminium liquid of input, if casting technique does not match, computer produces and reports to the police when simulation is cast, in suspension, the mandatory termination simulation of PLC automatic control system meeting casting when leaking aluminium;
3, confirm the holding furnace melt temperature
If the casting technique coupling then starts the inner holding furnace that aluminium is housed, refining 20-40 minute, refining temperature remained on 720-730 ℃, and control holding furnace melt furnace temperature is at 700-720 ℃ before the casting;
4, lay crystallizer
Big specification crystallizer 2 is laid in crystallizer platform 1 outside, and small dimension crystallizer 3 is laid in crystallizer platform 1 inboard, the necessary left-right symmetry of the laying of different size crystallizer;
5, casting
Start swivel nozzle inert gas refining equipment SNIF, aluminium liquid flow in holding furnace the swivel nozzle inert gas refining equipment SNIF that inside is connected with argon gas and chlorine, utilizes argon gas and chlorine to remove hydrogen, impurity, bits in the aluminium liquid;
Then, aluminium liquid flows into inner being provided with among the ceramic foam filter cff of double medium filtration plate and heater from swivel nozzle inert gas refining equipment SNIF, aluminium liquid infiltrates from the upper strata of ceramic foam filter cff filter and oozes out from lower floor, the oxide skin in the aluminium liquid, bits is filtered remove;
Then, the aluminium liquid liquid level that holding furnace is tumbled out is controlled between the 180mm-200mm, aluminium liquid behind the filtering and impurity removing flow in the holding furnace in the T type chute that inside is provided with laser detector and temperature detection compensating wire, and this moment, temperature was controlled at 683-687 ℃;
Adjust the metal liquid level sensor before the casting, the open degree that the metal liquid level sensor is regulated each different control pins automatically according to the good liquid level of calibration, aluminium liquid is evenly distributed to each crystallizer through control pin 6 in T type chute 4, make the liquid level that injects each crystallizer behind the aluminium liquid between 53-58mm, and the aluminium liquid liquid level of each crystallizer is consistent;
6, ultimate constituent sampling
Aluminium liquid in the crystallizer is cooled to solid-state, will be cooled to solid-state aluminium surface with lathe and cuts smoothly, analyze its alloying component, and compare with set-point;
7, the aluminium liquid cooling but
If record alloying component when identical with set-point, casting stops, and holding furnace is got back to original position simultaneously, and the baffle plate of will work rises, and unnecessary aluminium liquid is flowed out, and the aluminium liquid maintenance present situation in the crystallizer platform was cooled off 10-20 minute, finished the casting of different size cast metals.
8, after cooling is finished, specification, alloy number, ingot casting are got on the ingot casting in proper order.
In the step 6, adopt spectrometer that alloying component is analyzed, before the spectrometer analysis, at first select the generating curve corresponding with this alloy, secondly with standard sample and the contrast of this generating curve, see if there is deviation, analyze all alloying components of the ingot casting of casting at last with the finished product sample, compare with set-point.
The casting technique of a kind of aluminium alloy flat bloom of the present invention, performance cast out two or more ingot castings and simple to operation, save resource, safe and efficient, production cost is low, overcome that leakage aluminium, the ingot casting that casting machine exists hangs, potential safety hazards such as liquid level is low, liquid level height when casting of casting time two or more scale aluminium alloy slab ingots, and the whole casting time has shortened half, improve production efficiency greatly, reduced production cost.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1: the arrangement schematic diagram of crystallizer on the crystallizer platform;
Fig. 2: the vertical view of crystallizer platform.
Among the figure: 1, crystallizer platform, 2, crystallizer, 3, crystallizer, 4, T type chute, 5, control pin support, 6, the control pin.
The specific embodiment
Provide the specific embodiment of the present invention below with reference to accompanying drawing, be used for the formation of invention is described further.
Embodiment 1
The casting process of aluminum alloy slab ingot of present embodiment is 1-2 with reference to the accompanying drawings, and the casting specification is 3 of 560 * 1310 * 8400 aluminium alloy flat blooms, and specification is 2 of 620 * 1150 * 8200 aluminium alloy flat blooms, and concrete technological process is as follows:
1, testing fixture and instrument
Check all safety devices, and guarantee that all instrument run well;
Formulate the casting technique system
At first, relatively with the casting technological parameter of casting the inferior different size ingot casting of being cast, it is casting speed, discharge, the secondary water valve, control pin open degree, the casting changeover portion, identical technological parameter and different technological parameters are found out in contrast, wherein, casting speed is to be as the criterion with the casting time the slowest technology of speed, discharge is to be as the criterion with casting time maximum discharge, the secondary water valve is as the criterion time to open the secondary water valve time the earliest with casting, control pin open degree is to cast the crystallizer decline 2mm of the crystallizer of time small dimension than big specification together, and the casting changeover portion is with the longest being as the criterion of changeover portion.
Casting technique system in the checking automatic operation system;
At first open casting kind of class method:
(1) preliminary examination process system
(2) finish casting in advance
(3) simulation casting promoter
(4) the simulation casting is forbidden
After in entering the preliminary examination process, whether the technological parameter that computer meeting automatic inspection is imported meets technological requirement:
(1) hydraulic system ok: the crystallizer base puts in place, casting length and speed make zero.
(2) public auxilliary facility: lubricating oil liquid level ok, fining agent feeder be normal, divide nozzle exit pressure normal.
(3) operator checks: dummy bar head puts in place, certain number holding furnace is selected, filter preheating.
(4) process system: process system is effective.
(5) holding furnace: the holding furnace temperature reaches requirement, holding furnace can be tumbled.
(6) casting well facility: casting well fan operation, crystallizer position base be centering.
(7) system overview: the workbench lasers range is normal, bench apron is closed.
(8) communication: plc ok, hydraulic pressure communication ok, holding furnace communication ok.
(9) MLC:mlc control pin checks that ok, cooling water pressure satisfy, the crystallizer numbering is selected.
(10) water system: emergent water is closed, water filter ok, discharge ok.
(11) crystallizer setting: crystallizer base specification is set, the crystallizer specification is set.
2, simulation casting
To all import computer with the casting technological parameter of casting time different size ingot casting, utilize the PLC automatic control system to select simulation casting program then, the PLC program is according to the height of the temperature of the casting technological parameter imported simulation aluminium liquid, aluminium liquid, fill rate, discharge etc., if casting technique does not match, computer produces and reports to the police when simulation is cast, in suspension, the mandatory termination simulation of PLC automatic control system meeting casting when leaking aluminium.
3, confirm the holding furnace melt temperature
After the simulation casting is finished, if the casting technique coupling is then opened the inner holding furnace that aluminium is housed, refining 30 minutes, refining temperature remains on 725 ℃, and control holding furnace melt Control for Kiln Temperature is at 700-720 ℃ before the casting.
4, lay crystallizer
Big specification crystallizer 2 is laid in crystallizer platform 1 outside, and small dimension crystallizer 3 is laid in crystallizer platform 1 inboard, and the laying of different size crystallizer must left-right symmetry.
5, casting
Start swivel nozzle inert gas refining equipment SNIF, aluminium liquid can flow into swivel nozzle inert gas refining equipment SNIF in holding furnace, the automatic heating system of SNIF equipment can be with the internal temperature Sustainable Control about 720 ℃, in order to avoid aluminium liquid solidifies, while argon gas and chlorine can continue to feed and carry out degasification in the aluminium liquid and remove the gred stopping up to casting;
Then, aluminium liquid flows into ceramic foam filter cff from SNIF equipment, and aluminium liquid infiltrates from the upper strata of ceramic foam filter cff filter and oozes out from lower floor;
Then, aluminium liquid is by T type chute, laser can pass among the plc control holding furnace degree of tumbling and continues to remain on 190mm recording real data, and the simultaneous temperature compensating wire will record real data and also feed back among the plc holding furnace igniting or flame-out temperature remain on 685 ℃ automatically always.
Aluminium liquid is evenly distributed to the crystallizer through the control pin 6 that is provided with control pin support 5 in T type chute 4, and the metal liquid level sensor can be regulated 5 different open degree of controlling pin automatically according to calibrating good 55.6mm, to guarantee the mold liquid level unanimity of different size.
6, ultimate constituent sampling
The aluminium liquid that takes out is cooled to solid-state, with lathe the surface is cut smoothly, generally this alloy need cut away 5mm, analyzes with spectrometer.Before the spectrometer analysis, at first select the generating curve corresponding with this alloy, whether next contrasts this generating curve with standard sample has and departs from, and analyzes all alloying components with the finished product sample at last and contrasts with client's set-point:
Client's set-point Si≤0.21, Fe 0.2-0.3, Cu≤0.15, Mn≤0.1, Mg 2.5-3.6, Cr 0.1-0.3, Zn≤0.15, Ti 0.01-0.02 meets requirement of client fully.
Aluminium liquid in the crystallizer is cooled to solid-state, will be cooled to solid-state aluminium surface with lathe and cuts smoothly, analyze its alloying component, and compare with set-point;
7, the aluminium liquid cooling but
If record alloying component when identical with set-point, casting stops, and holding furnace is got back to original position simultaneously, and the baffle plate of will work rises, and unnecessary aluminium liquid is flowed out, and the aluminium liquid maintenance present situation in the crystallizer platform was cooled off 10-20 minute, finished the casting of different size cast metals.
8, after cooling is finished, specification, alloy number, ingot casting are got on the ingot casting in proper order.
All ingot castings are manually got to ingot casting specification, alloy, ingot casting on the ingot casting of specification 560 * 1310 * 8400 and 620 * 1150 * 8400 after being hung out by crane in proper order.
In the step 6, adopt spectrometer to carry out alloying component is analyzed, before the spectrometer analysis, at first select the generating curve corresponding with this alloy, secondly with standard sample and the contrast of this generating curve, see if there is deviation, analyze all alloying components of the ingot casting of casting at last with the finished product sample, compare with set-point.
The examination casting of same casting time different size at first must guarantee production safety, and secondly the examination casting must be satisfied with alloy and the close condition of crystallizer specification, technological parameter mainly follow following some:
1, casting speed: the inconsistent alloy of casting speed serves as main slowly and can suitably adjust with casting speed, because the too fast meeting of casting speed makes the liquid cave deepen (H liquid cave=KV casting), the intermediate zone size broadens, the crystalline structure alligatoring, feeding worsening condition during crystallization increases the center porosity tendency.
The casting speed of each specification stabilization sub stage is more or less the same, between 55-60mm/min (casting speed of removing the 630*1860 specification is 72mm/min).For example: two kinds of crystallizers of 560*1310 and 620*1150 specification, their casting speed is respectively 55mm/min, 60mm/min, the other 0.7336m of crystallizer cavity surface integration 2, 0.7130m 2, both are more or less the same, and can cast the slab ingot of these two kinds of specifications in same casting is inferior, and casting speed will adopt 55mm/min.
2, discharge: the inconsistent alloy of discharge, with big the serving as main and can suitably adjust of discharge.Solute element has little time diffusion in the increase melt of intensity of cooling, and crystal grain attenuates and diminishes, and the ingot casting density improves.And, when casting speed is slow, can make the tendency of cold shut become big, but the tendency of segregation emersion thing and drawing crack is reduced along with the raising of intensity of cooling.
Still with 560*1310,620*1150 specification crystallizer discharge 560*1310 specification 818ml/ root, 620*1150 specification 641ml/ root will be taked the crystallizer discharge 818ml/ root of 560*1310 specification.
3, liquid level: liquid level is inconsistent, with high the serving as main and can suitably adjust of liquid level.Liquid level is low, intensity of cooling is big, is easy to leak aluminium, the surface quality variation.
4, casting temperature: casting temperature is inconsistent, with high the serving as main and can suitably adjust of casting temperature.Improve temperature within the specific limits, ingot casting liquid cave deepens, crystallization temp gradient at front edge steepening, and cooling velocity is big during crystallization, can make the intracrystalline refinement, and liquid fluidity can improve simultaneously, and oxide-film can reduce.
Crystallizer specification difference, difference in various degree also appears in Dui Ying casting alloy technological parameter with it.In the continuous casting, the factor that influences ingot quality has: liquid level and fill rate, casting speed, casting temperature in the flow of water and cooling velocity, the crystallizer.The common ground that technological parameter at different size compared, analyzed characteristics separately and sums up close specification, with casting time same specification and the comparison of casting time different size ingot casting together:
Surface quality:
Figure G2009102308514D0000071
Contrast two kinds of production methods, the surface quality no significant difference of product ingot casting all meets the correlation technique standard-required.
Internal soundness: to aluminium and aluminium alloy flat bloom, all carried out sampling the ingot casting macrostructure is analyzed, all met the requirement that grain size number is not more than 2 grades with casting time different size.
After repeated discussions with simulation, starting velocity, discharge and fill rate that the key point of two kinds of specifications of collocation is promptly cast.Gather as follows by the inferior situation of finishing two specifications of casting of comparative analysis:
Specification 520x1480 560x1350 560x1310 560x1230 620x1150 630x1570 620x1520 580*1570 520*1700 560x1950 640x2130 620x1780 560x1850 560x1950 620x1780 620x1650 620x1600 560*1850
A kind of casting process of aluminum alloy slab ingot of present embodiment has the following advantages:
1, improve before every casting time can only cast a kind of aluminium alloy flat bloom of specification, improve a back casting and time can cast two kinds even plurality of specifications aluminium alloy flat bloom.
2, brought into play founding production capacity to greatest extent, increased substantially production efficiency, reduced production costs simultaneously.
3, reduce metal and overstock, accelerated velocity of funds.
Reduce labor strength when 4, improving output.

Claims (2)

1. casting process of aluminum alloy slab ingot is characterized in that comprising following technological process:
1), formulates casting technological parameter
Relatively, promptly compare casting speed, discharge, secondary water valve, control pin open degree, casting changeover portion with the casting technological parameter of the casting time ingot casting of casting; When casting, casting speed is to be as the criterion with the casting time the slowest technology of casting speed, discharge is to be as the criterion with casting time maximum discharge, the secondary water valve is as the criterion time to open the secondary water valve time the earliest with casting, control pin open degree is: the control pin open degree of the inferior small dimension crystallizer of casting is less than the control pin open degree 1.5mm-2.5mm with the inferior big specification crystallizer of casting together, and the casting changeover portion is with casting time the longest being as the criterion of changeover portion together;
2), simulation casting
With the above-mentioned made casting technological parameter input computer of reserving, utilize the PLC automatic control system to select simulation casting program, the PLC automatic control system is according to temperature, the height of aluminium liquid, fill rate, the discharge of the casting technological parameter simulation aluminium liquid of input, if casting technique does not match, computer produces and reports to the police when simulation is cast, in suspension, the mandatory termination simulation of PLC automatic control system meeting casting when leaking aluminium;
3), confirm the holding furnace melt temperature
If the casting technique coupling then starts the inner holding furnace that aluminium is housed, refining 20-40 minute, refining temperature remained on 720-730 ℃, and control holding furnace melt furnace temperature is at 700-720 ℃ before the casting;
4), lay crystallizer
Big specification crystallizer (2) is laid in crystallizer platform (1) outside, and small dimension crystallizer (3) is laid in crystallizer platform (1) inboard, the necessary left-right symmetry of the laying of different size crystallizer;
5), casting
Start swivel nozzle inert gas refining equipment SNIF, aluminium liquid flow in holding furnace the swivel nozzle inert gas refining equipment SNIF that inside is connected with argon gas and chlorine, utilizes argon gas and chlorine to remove hydrogen, impurity, bits in the aluminium liquid;
Then, aluminium liquid flows into inner being provided with among the ceramic foam filter cff of double medium filtration plate and heater from swivel nozzle inert gas refining equipment SNIF, aluminium liquid infiltrates from the upper strata of ceramic foam filter cff filter and oozes out from lower floor, the oxide skin in the aluminium liquid, bits is filtered remove;
Then, the aluminium liquid liquid level that holding furnace is tumbled out is controlled between the 180mm-200mm, aluminium liquid behind the filtering and impurity removing flow in the holding furnace in the T type chute that inside is provided with laser detector and temperature detection compensating wire, and this moment, temperature was controlled at 683-687 ℃;
Adjust the metal liquid level sensor before the casting, the open degree that the metal liquid level sensor is regulated each different control pins (6) automatically according to the good liquid level of calibration, aluminium liquid is evenly distributed to each crystallizer through control pin (6) in T type chute (4), make the liquid level that injects each crystallizer behind the aluminium liquid between 53-58mm, and the aluminium liquid liquid level of each crystallizer is consistent;
6), ultimate constituent sampling
Aluminium liquid in the crystallizer is cooled to solid-state, will be cooled to solid-state aluminium surface with lathe and cuts smoothly, analyze its alloying component, and compare with set-point;
7), the aluminium liquid cooling but
If record alloying component when identical with set-point, casting stops, and holding furnace is got back to original position simultaneously, and the baffle plate of will work rises, and unnecessary aluminium liquid is flowed out, and the aluminium liquid maintenance present situation in the crystallizer platform was cooled off 10-20 minute, finished the casting of different size cast metals.
2. according to the described casting process of aluminum alloy slab ingot of claim 1, it is characterized in that
In the step 6), adopt spectrometer to carry out alloying component is analyzed, before the spectrometer analysis, at first select the generating curve corresponding with this alloy, secondly with standard sample and the contrast of this generating curve, see if there is deviation, analyze all alloying components of the ingot casting of casting at last with the finished product sample, compare with set-point.
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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101831567A (en) * 2010-06-02 2010-09-15 东北轻合金有限责任公司 Preparation method of large-size aluminum alloy ingot
CN101831579A (en) * 2010-06-02 2010-09-15 东北轻合金有限责任公司 Preparation method of large-size aluminum alloy ingot
CN102366824A (en) * 2011-07-14 2012-03-07 中国铝业股份有限公司 Method for producing smaller-flakiness-ratio aluminum alloy slab ingot with adjustable crystallizer
CN105018807A (en) * 2015-07-29 2015-11-04 广西柳州银海铝业股份有限公司 Method for manufacturing large-sized 5083 aluminum alloy slab ingot
CN105169741A (en) * 2015-09-09 2015-12-23 安徽银丰药业股份有限公司 Menthol crystallization control system
CN106141129A (en) * 2016-09-14 2016-11-23 青海桥头铝电股份有限公司 A kind of production method of aluminium alloy flat bloom

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1311940C (en) * 2005-05-20 2007-04-25 东北轻合金有限责任公司 Method for founding aluminium alloy slab ingot
CN100393451C (en) * 2006-12-13 2008-06-11 中国铝业股份有限公司 Casting process of 3140 flat aluminium alloy ingot

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101831567A (en) * 2010-06-02 2010-09-15 东北轻合金有限责任公司 Preparation method of large-size aluminum alloy ingot
CN101831579A (en) * 2010-06-02 2010-09-15 东北轻合金有限责任公司 Preparation method of large-size aluminum alloy ingot
CN101831579B (en) * 2010-06-02 2011-09-07 东北轻合金有限责任公司 Preparation method of large-size aluminum alloy ingot
CN102366824A (en) * 2011-07-14 2012-03-07 中国铝业股份有限公司 Method for producing smaller-flakiness-ratio aluminum alloy slab ingot with adjustable crystallizer
CN102366824B (en) * 2011-07-14 2014-03-12 中国铝业股份有限公司 Method for producing smaller-flakiness-ratio aluminum alloy slab ingot with adjustable crystallizer
CN105018807A (en) * 2015-07-29 2015-11-04 广西柳州银海铝业股份有限公司 Method for manufacturing large-sized 5083 aluminum alloy slab ingot
CN105169741A (en) * 2015-09-09 2015-12-23 安徽银丰药业股份有限公司 Menthol crystallization control system
CN106141129A (en) * 2016-09-14 2016-11-23 青海桥头铝电股份有限公司 A kind of production method of aluminium alloy flat bloom

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