CN101706474A - Orthorhombic double-U-type intelligent visual detection array probe based on alternating current field measurement (ACFM) - Google Patents
Orthorhombic double-U-type intelligent visual detection array probe based on alternating current field measurement (ACFM) Download PDFInfo
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- CN101706474A CN101706474A CN200910229900A CN200910229900A CN101706474A CN 101706474 A CN101706474 A CN 101706474A CN 200910229900 A CN200910229900 A CN 200910229900A CN 200910229900 A CN200910229900 A CN 200910229900A CN 101706474 A CN101706474 A CN 101706474A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an orthorhombic double-U-type intelligent visual detection array probe based on alternating current field measurement (ACFM). A probe excitation part takes an orthorhombic double-U-type magnetic core as a frame and is wound with two groups of current-carrying coils to form an excitation array, thereby providing a necessary rotary uniform induction magnetic field for defect intelligent visual detection and eliminating the influence of a defect direction on detection sensitivity; each group of detection coils is formed by winding on the same I-type magnetic core frame in an orthorhombic way and is respectively used for detecting the magnetic flux density in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction, and a plurality of groups of detection coil sets are arranged in an array way to form a detection array. When the array probe moves on the surface of a workpiece at uniform speed, a similar uniform strong magnetic field which uniformly rotates is generated on the surface of a workpiece to be detected so that the probe has higher detection sensitivity on defects in any direction; in addition, the detection array extracts magnetic field disturbance information used for defect identification and visualization and marks a numerical value in a voltage form, thereby achieving the aim of detecting the position, the size and the shape of defects.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of cracks of metal surface intelligent visual pick-up unit, more particularly, the present invention relates to a kind of quadrature double-U-type intelligent visual detection probe that is applied to the ac magnetic field detection technique based on the ac magnetic field detection technique.
Background technology
It is a kind of emerging nondestructiving detecting means that ac magnetic field detects (ACFM), and the surface crack detection at various occasion members such as petrochemical complex, Aero-Space is particularly suited for members such as offshore platform and submerged structure.Its principle is: go out the uniform alternate electric current by the probe driver unit at the workpiece for measurement surface induction, during when zero defect in the workpiece or away from defective, the surface of the work induced field is even; If defectiveness exists, because the difference of air and workpiece resistivity, induction current is walked around in the both sides and the bottom of defective, causes the surface electrical disturbance of magnetic field, detection probe is gathered defective top electromagnetic field distortion information and analyzing and processing, can obtain to describe the field signal of defect state.The detection probe of present ACFM, all be with the single rectangular coil stimulating, inductive current direction is owing to the definite of drive coil direction fixes in the workpiece, when having only the square coil normal direction parallel with defective, be that induction current flows to when mutual vertical with the defective trend, the sensitivity of detection is the highest, and lower to the flaw detection sensitivity of other direction, when current direction and defective trend was parallel to each other, detection sensitivity was minimum.Therefore the single direction current-carrying coil can only produce the electromagnetic field of single direction at surface of the work, detects the defect information of single direction, and can't describe the 3D shape of defective or detect the defective of other direction.Is to solve the key that above intelligent visual defect detects problem and how to design sonde configuration so that sufficient defect information to be provided.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of intelligent visual defect detection arrays probe, can detect the crackle of surface of the work any direction, and size, orientation and the shape information of defective are provided based on ACFM.The double-U-shaped quadrature excitation array of probe can all be responded to ac magnetic field by force what the workpiece for measurement surface induction went out at the uniform velocity rotation, makes probe all have higher detection sensitivity to any direction defective.The magnetic test coil of probe is arrayed, and every group of coil comprises the magnetic test coil of the magnetic field levels and the vertical component of pair of orthogonal.Probe scans at surface of the work, obtains the three-dimensional magnetic field distortion information that defective causes.
The present invention includes excitation array and detection arrays two parts.
Excitation array portion structure is made up of current-carrying coil and magnetic core skeleton two parts as shown in Figure 1, can go out the induction ac magnetic field that constant magnitude, direction are at the uniform velocity rotated in time at the workpiece for measurement surface induction.The magnetic core skeleton is that 2 U type manganese-zinc ferrite core quadratures fixedly form, 2 groups of current-carrying coils are wound in the horizontal component of U type magnetic core respectively, also form orthogonality relation, during work with the shank contact measured workpiece of U type magnetic core, pass to size respectively in two groups of quadrature current-carrying coils, frequency is identical, the simple alternating current electric signal that the phase phasic difference is 90 °, surface of the work are arranged in the square area that 2 U type magnetic core shanks are surrounded and produce all strong induction field of at the uniform velocity rotation.
The detection arrays part-structure is organized the magnetic test coil group more and is arranged with array way as shown in Figure 2, according to electromagnetic induction principle, gathers field signal, with voltage form sign numerical value.
The enameled wire that magnetic test coil winds with the specific number of turn on the skeleton of definite shape constitutes, and every group of magnetic test coil comprises flux density level component B
XMagnetic test coil and vertical component B
ZMagnetic test coil is in order to guarantee detected B
ZAnd B
XBe the flux density value of same point, with the form that two coil design are orthogonal, be wrapped on the same I shape skeleton that as shown in Figure 3, the skeleton middle column partly is the MnZn FERRITE CORE, cross sectional shape is a square, and inner coil is for surveying B
ZCoil, outer coil is for surveying the coil of BX.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is the double-U-shaped quadrature excitation array junctions composition of probe;
Fig. 2 is a probe detection arrays structural drawing;
Fig. 3 is a magnetic test coil group structural drawing;
Embodiment:
The invention will be further described below by accompanying drawing and mathematical analysis.
(1) as shown in Figure 1, in the current-carrying coil of double-U-shaped quadrature excitation array portion, pass to size respectively, frequency is identical, the sinusoidal excitation signal that the phase phasic difference is 90 °, by the law of electromagnetic induction as can be known, the induction current that two groups of coils produce in workpiece also should be that size is identical, frequency is identical with excitation frequency, the sinusoidal signal that phase differential is 90 °, and the induction current of then establishing two groups of drive coils generations is as follows:
In the formula, ω=2 π f, f is the coil stimulating power frequency,
The expression initial phase, I
0Be amplitude.
Induction field in the workpiece can be regarded the stack of the induction field of two groups of quadrature excitation coils generations as, and therefore, the induction current amplitude and the phase place of surface of the work are:
By following formula as can be known, the induction current size that double-U-shaped structure quadrature excitation probe produces in workpiece remains unchanged, and direction generating period is in time at the uniform velocity rotated.Known easily that by Maxwell equation the induced field in the workpiece also is big or small substantially constant, direction is the even high field of class of approximate Rotating with Uniform in time.
(2) driver unit produces even strong induction field at surface of the work, if when having the surface of the work defectiveness to exist, because the difference of air and workpiece resistivity, induction current is walked around in the both sides and the bottom of defective, cause the surface electrical disturbance of magnetic field, magnetic test coil designs according to electromagnetic induction principle, and detection probe is gathered defective top electromagnetic field signal, with voltage form sign numerical value.The two-dimensional detection array structure is done 12 groups of detecting coils with identical size as shown in Figure 2, by the neat below that is arranged in drive coil of 3 * 4 two-dimensional array form, constitutes a complete array probe, l
X, l
ySize decision probe handling area of detection once, the big more then detection speed of size is fast more, d
X, d
yDecision minimum detectable flaw size, the more little then accuracy of detection of size is high more.The two-dimensional detection array detects with face and replaces point to detect or the line detection, not only can improve detection speed, and because the stationkeeping between the magnetic test coil group, defect location and dimensional measurement are more accurate.
The structure of each coil groups as shown in Figure 3, a pair of B
ZAnd B
XMagnetic test coil is wrapped on the same I shape skeleton with quadrature, has guaranteed detected B
ZAnd B
XBe the flux density value of same point, take all factors into consideration the measurement in spatial point magnetic field and the requirement of assurance detection sensitivity simultaneously, designed B
XAnd B
ZThe detecting coil size should satisfy following formula:
The intelligent visual defect detection arrays probe that the present invention proposes based on ACFM, double-U-shaped quadrature excitation array design can weaken the influence of defective direction to detection sensitivity effectively, reach the purpose that any direction defective is all had higher detection sensitivity, make the detection in defect shape and orientation become possibility, because the characteristics of the configuration aspects of U type magnetic core own, the magnetic flux that can well current-carrying coil be produced is introduced surface of the work, reduced the loss of magnetic flux, the induced field that obtains is stronger, has improved detection sensitivity effectively.And, guaranteeing B because the magnetic test coil group is twined with the quadrature form
XMagnetic test coil and vertical component B
ZWhen the magnetic test coil concurrent detects, reduce the coil groups requisite space effectively, improved the spatial resolution and the accuracy of detection of probe.
Claims (5)
1. ac magnetic field intelligent visual detection probe, it is characterized in that, the probe driver unit adopts double-U-shaped orthohormbic structure array design, go out big or small substantially constant at the workpiece for measurement surface induction, direction is done the even high field of class of Rotating with Uniform in time, make probe all have higher detection sensitivity, size, orientation and the shape information of defective can be provided any direction defective; Two-dimensional array structure is adopted in the test section, and this array probe scans at surface of the work, extracts the flux density value of surface of the work.
2. the excitation of the probe described in the claim 1 array is made up of magnetic core skeleton and alternating current current-carrying coil, and skeleton adopts the manganese-zinc ferrite core of 2 U type orthohormbic structures to constitute, and 2 groups of current-carrying coils are arranged with orthogonal manner and are wound on the skeleton.
3. the probe detection arrays described in the claim 1 is to constitute two-dimensional array structure by many groups magnetic test coil, and every group of magnetic test coil comprises the B of 1 pair of quadrature
XMagnetic test coil and B
ZMagnetic test coil is respectively applied for horizontal component and the vertical component of extracting magnetic flux density.
4. 2 U type core structures of the excitation array described in the claim 1 are measure-alike, and 2 groups of alternating current current-carrying coil numbers of turn are identical, use the enameled wire of same diameter to be entwined, and it is also identical to twine radius.
5. the B of every group of magnetic test coil in the detection arrays described in the claim 1
XMagnetic test coil and B
ZThe magnetic test coil quadrature is wound on the same rectangle skeleton, with the B that guarantees that every group of coil measured
XAnd B
ZValue is the value on the identical point.
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| CN102539518A (en) * | 2011-10-31 | 2012-07-04 | 北京理工大学 | Magnetism in-situ detection method for metal cracking expansion under condition of variable magnetic excitation |
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