Combined semi-directly driven wind-powered speed increasing box
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of wind power speed-increasing gearbox, relate in particular to a kind of combined semi-directly driven wind-powered speed increasing box, belong to parts in the wind power generating set, it is the combined semi-directly driven wind-powered speed increasing box of a kind of compact structure, reliability height, maintenance easy to assemble, be applied in the technical field of wind power generation, be specially adapted in the above high-power half direct-driving permanent magnetic wind-powered electricity generation unit of 1.5MW.
Background technique
Wind power speed-increasing gearbox is the important mechanical part of wind power generating set, and its major function is to give generator with the transmission of power that wind wheel blade is produced under the wind-force effect, and makes generator obtain corresponding rotating speeds, thereby realizes the electricity generate function of generator.Usually the rotating speed of wind wheel is very low, does not far reach the needed rotating speed of generator for electricity generation, is transported in the generator after by wind power speed-increasing gearbox the rotating speed of wind wheel being improved, and makes generator obtain the required rotating speed that generates electricity.
The wind-powered electricity generation unit is subjected to the wind-force effect of irregular break-in varying duty and the impact of strong gusts of wind; stand the extreme temperature difference influence of scorching summer and freezing winter all the year round; narrow and small in addition cabin can not be as have firm support basis ground; the power coupling of whole drive system and the factor of torsional vibration are always embodied a concentrated reflection of on certain weak link, cause the disorderly closedown of wind-powered electricity generation unit.A large amount of facts have proved that this weak link usually is exactly the speedup box in the unit, that is to say that wind power speed-increasing gearbox is the highest parts of rate of breakdown in the whole wind group of motors.
Traditional wind power speed-increasing gearbox is a monolithic construction, and its one-level planet and two-stage parallel axis cylindrical gear pair all are installed in the casing, makes that the volume and weight of speedup box is all very big, thereby brings bigger inconvenience for the carrying and the installation of wind power speed-increasing gearbox.As the applying date be on 06 10th, 2003, notification number is in the Chinese patent of CN2661956, discloses a kind of wind-powered electricity generation connecting shaft speedup box, this speedup box is exactly a monolithic construction, mainly has following shortcoming:
1, because the wind-powered electricity generation unit must be installed in the area of wind resources such as high mountain, wilderness, seabeach, island than horn of plenty, and this just makes that the residing physical environment of wind-powered electricity generation unit is relatively poor, have inconvenient traffic, thereby the transportation and the installation of the equipment of giving bring great difficulty.In the existing wind-powered electricity generation unit, this class integrated type wind power speed-increasing gearbox is installed in the narrow space of cat head cabin, in case wind power speed-increasing gearbox breaks down, can not in the cat head cabin, directly keep in repair, whole wind power speed-increasing gearbox after disassembling, must be keeped in repair cat head again.Because the volume and weight of this class wind power speed-increasing gearbox is all very big, can only use special-purpose huge crane the wind power speed-increasing gearbox on the cat head could be hung on the ground, again wind power speed-increasing gearbox is keeped in repair, each maintenance cost is up to hundreds thousand of units, and expend more human and material resources, thereby increased cost of production, increased the weight of the burden of speedup box manufacturer.
2, in traditional one-level planet and two-stage parallel axis column gear transmission speedup box, because the structural characteristics that helical teeth ring gear, planet wheel, sun gear mesh successively, the roller bearing that has determined the supporting planet wheel is except that bearing normal radial load, also bear the effect of torsional moment all the time, cause the roller bearing unbalance loading, aggravated the wearing and tearing of bearing, easily caused the damage of planet wheel, these parts become the highest link of rate of fault in the speedup box.As the applying date be on 08 30th, 2006, notification number is in the Chinese patent of CN200943679, and disclosed a kind of wind power speed-increasing gearbox is exactly such wind power speed-increasing gearbox, and planet wheel and bearing in this speedup box very easily damage, need often keep in repair, make that the overall performance of equipment is relatively poor.
The quality of product that though speedup box manufacturer constantly employs new technology, new process improves speedup box; but because speedup box is the main carrier of wind-powered electricity generation unit transferring power; under strong bad working environments conditions such as impulsive load; speedup box is still the highest parts of rate of fault in the wind-powered electricity generation unit; speedup box manufacturer all pays a large sum of compensation for the loss that causes because of the speedup box disorderly closedown every year, makes the production of part producer be difficult to maintain.
Also there are at present some to adopt the wind power speed-increasing gearbox of two-stage parallel axis cylindrical gear pair, the structure of this class wind power speed-increasing gearbox is very complicated, easily damaged partss such as the bearing of a greater number and gear have often been used, and adopt heavy main shaft structure and link to each other with the wind wheel wheel hub in the external world, the size and the weight that has increased wind power speed-increasing gearbox of wind power speed-increasing gearbox have not only been enlarged, and make that spent raw material is more in the device fabrication process, improved the cost of production of equipment.
In sum, wind-power electricity generation belongs to the clean and environment-friendly energy, is the rising industry that country supports energetically, and development space is huge, develops high reliability and the wind power speed-increasing gearbox being convenient to keep in repair has very significant meaning for the sound development of China's wind-powered electricity generation industry.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome above shortcomings in the prior art, and provide a kind of structural design simple, rationally, the combined semi-directly driven wind-powered speed increasing box of reliability height, easy to assemble, easy care.
The present invention addresses the above problem the technological scheme that is adopted: this combined semi-directly driven wind-powered speed increasing box comprises air cooling equipment, fuel feeding filtrating equipment and temperature control apparatus, wherein temperature control apparatus comprises the bearing temperature sensor, electric heater and oil temperature sensor, its characteristics are: also comprise one-level speedup body and secondary speedup body, described one-level speedup body comprises the one-level casing, the combined type tapered roller bearing, bull gear, the connected body of hollow barrel structure and at least two gear shafts that have brake disc, wherein the combined type tapered roller bearing is fixed in the one-level casing, described bull gear is positioned at the one-level casing, this bull gear fixes by the inner ring and the connected body of combined type tapered roller bearing, described gear shaft by Bearing Installation in the one-level casing, this gear shaft is evenly distributed in the periphery of bull gear, and described gear shaft is meshed with bull gear; Described secondary speedup body comprises secondary casing and two gear stages that equate with gear shaft quantity, described two gear stages are made up of secondary gear and output gear shaft, described secondary gear is fixed on the corresponding gear shaft, in the secondary casing, this output gear shaft is meshed with corresponding secondary gear described output gear shaft by Bearing Installation; Described one-level casing and secondary casing fix, and described air cooling equipment, electric heater and oil temperature sensor are installed on the one-level casing, and described fuel feeding filtrating equipment is installed on the secondary casing, and described bearing temperature sensor is installed on the bearing of secondary casing.Make structure of the present invention very simple thus, bull gear in the one-level casing fixes by combined type tapered roller bearing and connected body, and connected body can directly be connected with the wind wheel wheel hub in the external world, thereby saved heavy main shaft structure, simplified the overall structure of wind power speed-increasing gearbox greatly.
The radical of gear shaft of the present invention is between the 2-4 root.Make structural design of the present invention more reasonable thus.
Brake disc of the present invention is fixed on an end of gear shaft, and described secondary gear is fixed on the other end of gear shaft.Make topology layout of the present invention more compact thus, be convenient to more safeguard and maintenance.
Secondary gear of the present invention and output gear shaft are angular gear.Make transmission better effects if of the present invention thus.
The present invention compared with prior art, have the following advantages and effect: adopt the combined semi-directly that constitutes by two-stage parallel axis cylindrical gear pair and connected body to drive structure among the present invention, thereby the monolithic construction that has replaced traditional one-level planet and two-stage parallel axis cylindrical gear pair and main shaft to constitute, can shorten mechanical drive train greatly, reduced the number of easily damaged partss such as bearing, gear, promote the overall performance of wind power speed-increasing gearbox, efficiently solved the difficult problem of traditional wind power speed-increasing gearbox rate of fault height and inconvenient maintenance.
Drive mechanism among the present invention is very simple, is meshed with bull gear by 2-4 secondary gear, thereby has improved the overall performance of equipment, is convenient to the maintenance and the maintenance of equipment.Replace heavy main shaft structure with light and handy connected body among the present invention and directly link to each other, thereby effectively reduced boundary dimension and complete machine weight, reduced the inventory charge amount, help the raising of economic benefit with the wind wheel wheel hub in the external world.
The present invention replaces main shaft with a connected body that is similar to the hollow of flange plate structure, makes the structure of wind power speed-increasing gearbox greatly simplify, and can shorten the size in cabin greatly, alleviates the weight of complete machine, helps reducing manufacture cost, prolongs service cycle.
The present invention adopts single combined type tapered roller bearing to replace traditional dual bearing structure, all load of carrying wheel hub, as power and moment, a moment of torsion with wheel hub passes to Transmitted chains simultaneously, can when improving whole drive system working life, can strengthen the reliability of blower fan again.Because reduced the quantity of bearing in the whole wind power speed-increasing gearbox, corresponding friction and the energy consumption of having reduced helps improving transmission efficiency.
Because the start-stop of equipment is comparatively frequent in grid type wind-powered electricity generation unit; the rotary inertia of impeller itself is very big again; brake disc is in order to apply braking moment when unit stops; so that overcoming inertia, impeller stops operating rapidly; and surpass cut-out wind speed at wind speed, play the effect of safety protection during compressor emergency shutdown.
The present invention compares with the integrated type wind power speed-increasing gearbox and has the following advantages:
1) reduces easily damaged partss such as planet wheel bearing, helped improving reliability.
In traditional one-level planet and two-stage parallel axis cylindrical gears auxiliary driving speedup box, because the structural characteristics that helical teeth ring gear, planet wheel, sun gear mesh successively, the roller bearing that has determined the supporting planet wheel is except that bearing normal radial load, also bear the effect of torsional moment all the time, cause the roller bearing unbalance loading, aggravate the wearing and tearing of bearing, easily caused the damage of planet wheel, become the highest link of rate of fault in the speedup box.
The present invention can adopt the bull gear of herringbone tooth, helical teeth or straight-tooth structure and along the circumferential direction equally distributed two or three or four gear shafts are meshed, thereby eliminated the influence of torsional moment, the force-bearing situation of gear and bearing has obtained very big improvement, remove this maximum potential faults of planet wheel bearing, will significantly improve the functional reliability of wind power speed-increasing gearbox.
2) little, in light weight, the compact structure of casing is convenient to dismounting and maintenance.
Traditional integrated type speedup box concentrates on whole gear train assemblies in the casing, and the present invention is divided in gear train assembly in one-level casing and the secondary casing.Comprise parts such as connected body, bull gear and gear shaft in the one-level casing, owing to cancelled planetary wheeling mechanism, make no easily damaged parts in the casing, prolonged the working life of equipment greatly.Owing to cancelled heavy main shaft structure among the present invention, made whole weight obviously alleviate.
Comprise parts such as secondary gear and output gear shaft in the secondary casing of the present invention, according to practical experience, the bearing of output shaft is an easily damaged parts, because the secondary casing only accounts for the smaller portions of gross weight, and the end face of casing can adopt the end cap form, structure is very light and handy, can dismantle and keep in repair in the cat head cabin, can greatly reduce maintenance expenses.
Combined semi-directly driven wind-powered speed increasing box is the horizontal hollow structure, and the maintainer can be entered wind wheel wheel hub inside by the cavity at casing center and carry out Maintenance and Repair.Because one-level, secondary casing put together on together, have effectively reduced boundary dimension, help the optimal design of wind-powered electricity generation unit.
Different according to gear shaft that is meshed with bull gear and generator quantity, can form one drag two, respectively drags three, one to drag fourth class combining form, promptly a combined semi-directly driven wind-powered speed increasing box can be connected with four generators with two, three respectively, to adapt to the needs of different size wind-powered electricity generation unit, widened application area.
Of the present invention simple in structure, easily manufactured, reliable performance, long service life, equipment is convenient to install and dismounting.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the main TV structure schematic representation that is equipped with in the embodiment of the invention behind the magneto-electric generator;
Fig. 2 is the plan structure schematic representation of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the left TV structure schematic representation that removes among Fig. 1 behind the magneto-electric generator;
Fig. 4 is the right TV structure schematic representation that removes among Fig. 1 behind the magneto-electric generator;
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of transmission system in the embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and by embodiment.
Embodiment:
Referring to Fig. 1 to Fig. 5, combined semi-directly driven wind-powered speed increasing box in the present embodiment is made up of air cooling equipment 3, fuel feeding filtrating equipment 7, temperature control apparatus, one-level speedup body and secondary speedup body, and wherein temperature control apparatus comprises bearing temperature sensor 5, electric heater 9 and oil temperature sensor 10.
One-level speedup body in the present embodiment comprises connected body 1, one-level casing 2, combined type tapered roller bearing 11, bull gear 13 and four gear shafts 14 that have brake disc 12, wherein connected body 1 is the barrel-like structure of hollow, thereby has alleviated the overall weight of one-level speedup body greatly.Combined type tapered roller bearing 11 in the present embodiment is installed in the one-level casing 2, the inner ring of combined type tapered roller bearing 11 can rotate, bull gear 13 is positioned at one-level casing 2, connected body 1 is positioned at outside the one-level casing 2, bull gear 13 fixes with connected body 1 by the inner ring of combined type tapered roller bearing 11, that is to say that connected body 1 and bull gear 13 lay respectively at the left and right sides of combined type tapered roller bearing 11, make that connected body 1 can drive bull gear 13 by combined type tapered roller bearing 11 and rotate together when connected body 1 rotates.
All have a brake disc 12 on the four rooted tooth wheel shafts 14 in the present embodiment, brake disc 12 is fixed on an end of corresponding teeth wheel shaft 14, gear shaft 14 by Bearing Installation in one-level casing 2, make gear shaft 14 in one-level casing 2, to rotate, four rooted tooth wheel shafts 14 in the present embodiment are evenly distributed in the periphery of bull gear 13, and four rooted tooth wheel shafts 14 all are meshed with bull gear 13, just can drive the rotation of four rooted tooth wheel shafts 14 by the rotation of bull gear 13.Certainly, the radical of middle gear axle 14 of the present invention can be provided with as the case may be more than two, and the radical of gear shaft 14 is preferably between the 2-4 root usually.
Secondary speedup body in the present embodiment comprises secondary casing 4 and four two gear stages, each two gear stage is made up of a secondary gear 15 and an output gear shaft 6, because be provided with four rooted tooth wheel shafts 14 in the present embodiment, promptly one two gear stage is corresponding with a rooted tooth wheel shaft 14, and the number of two gear stages keeps equating with the radical of gear shaft 14 among the present invention.Four output gear shafts 6 in the present embodiment all by Bearing Installation in secondary casing 4, make output gear shaft 6 in secondary casing 4, to rotate, in each two gear stage of present embodiment, secondary gear 15 is fixed on the other end of corresponding with it gear shaft 14, rotation by gear shaft 14 can drive secondary gear 15 and be rotated, and secondary gear 15 is meshed with corresponding output gear shaft 6, promptly in same two gear stages, output gear shaft 6 and secondary gear 15 are meshing with each other, and the rotation by secondary gear 15 can drive corresponding output gear shaft 6 and rotate.Secondary gear 15 and output gear shaft 6 in the present embodiment are angular gear, and secondary gear 15 among the present invention and output gear shaft 6 also can be selected the gear of other types as required for use.
One-level casing 2 and secondary casing 4 in the present embodiment are hollow structure, and one-level casing 2 and secondary casing 4 interfix.Air cooling equipment 3 in the present embodiment, electric heater 9 and oil temperature sensor 10 are installed on the one-level casing 2, fuel feeding filtrating equipment 7 is installed on the secondary casing 4, bearing temperature sensor 5 is installed on the bearing of secondary casing 4, is used to measure the fixedly temperature of the bearing of output gear shaft 6.Need to prove that the air cooling equipment 3 in the present embodiment, fuel feeding filtrating equipment 7 and temperature control apparatus are prior art, no longer describe in detail herein.
The drive mechanism of wind power speed-increasing gearbox is very simple in the present embodiment, and is effective to the speedup of transmission.Outside wind wheel wheel hub directly is fixed on the connected body 1 of present embodiment, rotation by the wind wheel wheel hub drives connected body 1 and rotates, driving bull gear 13 by combined type tapered roller bearing 11 then is rotated, bull gear 13 drives four rooted tooth wheel shafts 14 again and rotates, and drives secondary gear 15 successively by gear shaft 14 again and output gear shaft 6 rotates.Wind power speed-increasing gearbox in the present embodiment is applicable to and in the high-power half direct-driving permanent magnetic wind-powered electricity generation unit magneto-electric generator 8 is installed all on the every output gear shaft 6, and the rotation by output gear shaft 6 drives magneto-electric generator 8 and generates electricity.
Combined semi-directly driven wind-powered speed increasing box is applicable in the above high-power half direct-driving permanent magnetic of the 1.5MW wind-powered electricity generation unit in the present embodiment, below the use of the combined semi-directly driven wind-powered speed increasing box in the present embodiment is simply introduced, at first, equipment is before running, start fuel feeding filtrating equipment 7 earlier, from one-level casing 2 and secondary casing 4, lubricant oil is transported to oil distributor through precise oil filter, through lubricating pipe driving components such as the gear of each several part, bearing is lubricated again.Lubrication system is provided with oil level, oil pressure, oily temperature supervisory device, guarantees that the wind power speed-increasing gearbox in the present embodiment the oil-break phenomenon can not occur in operation process, treats that each lubricating point all obtains restarting after the sufficient lubrication wind power speed-increasing gearbox in the present embodiment.
When the residing ambient temperature of wind power speed-increasing gearbox in the present embodiment was lower than 10 ℃, the lubricant oil that start in 9 pairs of one-level casings 2 of electric heater and the secondary casing 4 heated, and put into operation after reaching predetermined temperature again.When oily temperature was higher than 65 ℃, control system imported lubricant oil in the air cooling equipment 3 at one-level casing 2 tops, and lubricant oil is transported to each lubricating point again after cooling.When oily temperature was higher than 85 ℃ or bearing outer ring temperature and is higher than 95 ℃, oil temperature sensor 10 or bearing temperature sensor 5 sent coherent signal, and wind power speed-increasing gearbox is with regard to autostop.As break down, supervisory system is sent alarm signal, makes the operator can judge rapidly that fault is also got rid of.
For the noise that guarantees wind power speed-increasing gearbox in the present embodiment is not higher than 85dB (A), take following measure control noise:
1) improve the gear engagement contact ratio, guarantee the accuracy of gear, carry out profile modification, axial modification, flank of tooth contact (area) pattern reaches the regulation requirement;
2) rigidity of driving components such as raising axle and bearing;
3) reasonable Arrangement axle system and train transmission are avoided resonating;
Take vibration reducing measure when 4) installing, with the mechanical vibration control of speedup box within the C level of GB/T8543 regulation.
It is flexibly moving to reach artificial disc after wind power speed-increasing gearbox in the present embodiment is installed, no catching phenomenon, the machine oil of filling regulation reaches the oil ga(u)ge graduation line, and no-load running before formal the use, utilize the wind power speed-increasing gearbox running in the motor driving present embodiment, the running that reaches wind power speed-increasing gearbox is steady, no impact shock and abnormal sound, lubrication circumstances is good, and seals everywhere and junction plane ne-leakage phenomenon.
Though the present invention with embodiment openly as above; but it is not in order to limit protection scope of the present invention; any technician who is familiar with this technology, change and the retouching done in not breaking away from design of the present invention and scope all should belong to protection scope of the present invention.