CN101694358A - Efficient corrosion-proof lightweight heat pipe - Google Patents
Efficient corrosion-proof lightweight heat pipe Download PDFInfo
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- CN101694358A CN101694358A CN200910197517A CN200910197517A CN101694358A CN 101694358 A CN101694358 A CN 101694358A CN 200910197517 A CN200910197517 A CN 200910197517A CN 200910197517 A CN200910197517 A CN 200910197517A CN 101694358 A CN101694358 A CN 101694358A
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- heat pipe
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D15/00—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies
- F28D15/02—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes
- F28D15/04—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes with tubes having a capillary structure
- F28D15/046—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes with tubes having a capillary structure characterised by the material or the construction of the capillary structure
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Abstract
The invention provides an efficient corrosion-proof lightweight heat pipe which uses industrial pure titanium as the material of a pipe casing thereof and pure water as working medium. 3-6 layers of titanium wire mesh (100-400 meshes) are welded on the inner wall of the heat pipe by vacuum diffusion so as to form a porous layer, the mesh number of the wire mesh increases inwards gradually from the inner wall of the pipe casing along the radial direction of the pipe, the pore formed by the wire mesh is recessed aperture which can offer a great amount of stable gasification cores to the working medium at an evaporation segment, reinforce boiling heat transfer, greatly reduce boiling superheat extent and intensify the initiation performance of the heat pipe simultaneously when providing capillary force for liquid reflux at a condensation segment. Based on the mixed mechanism that steam generates dropwise or membranaceous condensing coexistence on the surface of titanium, heat exchange by condensation is intensified at the condensation segment, thus achieving high-efficient overall heat-transferring performance of the heat pipe; and compared with copper-water heat pipes with the same specification, the heat-transferring performance of the heat pipe can be improved by at least one time.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of efficient corrosion-proof lightweight titanium and heat pipe, can be used for fields such as chemical industry, petrochemical industry, hydrometallurgy, pharmacy, nuclear power, desalinization, Aero-Space.
Technical background
In numerous heat transfer elements, heat pipe is known one of the most effective heat transfer element, and it can transmit a large amount of heats at a distance by its very little sectional area and need not additionaling power.Typical heat pipe is made up of shell, imbibition core and end cap, will be pumped into 1.3 * (10 in the pipe
-1～10
-4) fill with an amount of hydraulic fluid after the negative pressure of Pa, make to be sealed after being full of liquid in the imbibition core capillary porous material of being close to inwall.One end of pipe is an evaporator section, and the other end is a condensation segment.Liquid when evaporator section is heated in capillary wick evaporation gasification, steam flow to condensation segment and emit heat and condense into liquid under small pressure reduction, liquid flows back to evaporator section along porous material by the effect of capillary force again.So repeatedly, heat reaches the other end by an end of heat pipe.The heat pipe of present industrial application mostly is carbon steel and copper heat pipe, is the consistency problem that has shell and hydraulic fluid for significant defective of carbon steel-water heat pipe, has influenced the service life of heat pipe to a great extent.And because characteristic such as the proportion of carbon steel and copper is higher, corrosion resisting property is relatively poor has limited the application of its heat pipe at special dimension (as Aero-Space, some strong corrosive environments).
The most outstanding characteristics of titanium material are: one, and density is little, specific strength (the especially specific strength under the high temperature) height, and these characteristics make it obtain increasingly extensive application at aerospace field; Its two, have excellent decay resistance, can be at neutrality, oxidisability, week reduction medium, as medium-term and long-term uses such as fresh water, seawater, wet chlorine, nitric acid, acetic acid, phthalic acid, urea.In addition, titanium uses as heat exchange element and has the following advantages: 1. because of its superior corrosion resistance, tube wall can be very thin, improved the heat exchange effect; 2. any surface finish, nothing are dirty layer, and sealing factor reduces greatly; 3. the surface of titanium can be lower, and liquid is little to the wellability of titanium, is easy to form dropwise condensation on its surface, and this condensing mode is compared in carbon steel, the copper common formed film condensation in surface with liquid, and heat transfer coefficient can improve an order of magnitude.At present, the titanium heat exchanger made on the naval vessel, the application of industrial circle such as power, petrochemical industry, desalinization is increasing, accounts for 57% of titanium inhibition and generation construction equipment.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides the porous laminated structure of a kind of inwall diffusion welding (DW), working media is that pure water, shell material are the heat pipe of industrially pure titanium, its corrosion resistance, heat transfer efficiency improve greatly, and do not have shell, the consistency problem of imbibition core and working solution.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
A kind of efficient corrosion-proof lightweight heat pipe; form by shell 1, imbibition core 2, upper cover 4-a, low head 4-b and protective sleeve 5; it is characterized in that; the material of shell 1 is a titanium, and imbibition core 2 is the titanium silk screen of the porous laminated structure that forms through vacuum diffusion welding in the pipe, and described silk screen is 3～6 layers; the order number is 100～400 orders; with the inner wall of tube shell metallurgical binding, to inwardly increasing gradually, the hole that silk screen forms is inner concave shape hole 3 to the order number of silk screen from inner wall of tube shell along caliber.
In the technique scheme, be 100～200 orders near the outermost layer meshcount of inner wall of tube shell, along caliber to the innermost layer meshcount be 400 orders.
In the technique scheme, one timing of heat pipe length, the silk screen number of plies increases along with reducing of heat pipe draw ratio.
The present invention also provides a kind of preparation method of above-mentioned heat pipe:
A kind of preparation method of efficient corrosion-proof lightweight heat pipe is characterized in that, adopts special welding procedure to eliminate thermal resistance between imbibition core and inwall, forms inner concave shape loose structure enhanced water evaporation section simultaneously and conducts heat, and described method step is as follows:
1, clean tube wall, silk screen is wrapped on the plug, silk screen and inside pipe wall are interference fit, the plug of wound web is pressed in the pipe together then plug is extracted out;
2,3～6 layer of 100～400 purpose silk screen and silk screen and tube wall are carried out vacuum diffusion welding, diffusion welding craft is as follows: vacuum 10
-1Pa, 1000～1200 ℃ of temperature, pressure is between 20～30MPa, and be 15～30 minutes weld interval;
3, fill the pure water medium in pipe, filling amount is 20%～30% of a heat pipe total measurement (volume), vacuumize in managing, and opposite heat tube carries out vacuum seal.
The imbibition core is a kind of porous laminated web-roll core structure of being made up of the different silk screen of mesh size in the pipe of the present invention, shown in Fig. 2,3.Porous laminated structure is that the multilayer titanium silk screen diffusion welding (DW) of different meshes forms, and can eliminate the thermal contact resistance of silk screen type imbibition core and tube wall like this, prevents from hot-spot to occur at evaporator section.
Near the inside pipe wall place is the silk screen of order number less (aperture is bigger), and radially the order number of silk screen increases (aperture reduces) gradually, and the purpose of doing like this, the first make full use of the capillary force while of aperture silk screen, and the resistance that the macropore silk screen makes liquid reflux is less; It two is that the hole form of formed loose structure is inner concave shape hole 3, as shown in Figure 4, can play significant invigoration effect to the boiling of evaporator section working media, and significantly reduce the boiling degree of superheat, strengthens the startability of heat pipe.
The titanium silk screen number of plies and the number of plies are selected relevant with heat pipe length and draw ratio, select the also corresponding increase of meshcount along with heat pipe length increases, and with the capillary force of raising imbibition core, but are not less than 100 orders near the inside pipe wall meshcount, also should not surpass 200 orders.The internal layer meshcount radially increases gradually.The imbibition core silk screen number of plies is then chosen according to the heat pipe draw ratio, and under the certain prerequisite of heat pipe length, the silk screen number of plies increases along with reducing of draw ratio, and range of choice should be no less than 3 layers, is no more than 6 layers.To consider the imbibition core capillary limit and maximum delivered power simultaneously, comprehensively choose.
Utilize steam to be easy to form the characteristics of dropwise condensation on the titanium surface, titanium heats the condensation segment heat transfer of pipe to be strengthened.Studies show that the condensation segment heat transfer coefficient of titanium-water two-phase closed type hot siphon is carbon steel-water and copper-water two-phase closed type hot siphon 2～4 times.
Like this, strengthen in the time of by evaporator section and condensation segment, realize the high efficiency of the whole heat transfer property of heat pipe.
Beneficial effect
There is not the consistency problem of titanium and water in titanium-hydro-thermal pipe with method manufacturing of the present invention, be difficult for to produce incoagulable gas in the pipe, and increased substantially heat pipe corrosion resistance, alleviated heat pipe weight, improved heat exchange efficiency.
Heat pipe wicks of the present invention and tube wall adopt Pervasion Weld Technology, eliminated tube wall and with imbibition core thermal contact resistance, avoided the hot-spot problem of evaporator section; The imbibition core adopts the different meshes silk screen, has strengthened heat pipe evaporator section and has conducted heat and startability, has reduced the tube fluid resistance.
The present invention utilizes steam to be easy to form the characteristic of dropwise condensation on the titanium surface, has strengthened the heat transfer property of heat pipe condenser section.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a heat pipe structure schematic diagram of the present invention:
Wherein, 1: shell, 1-a: condensation segment, 1-b: evaporator section, 2: imbibition core, 4-a: upper cover, 4-b: low head, 5-protective sleeve.
Fig. 2 is heat pipe of the present invention and imbibition core cross-sectional view:
Wherein, 1: shell, 201,202,203,204: by tube wall along the pipe radially inner the 1st, 2,3,4 layer of silk screen.
Fig. 3 is a combinational network imbibition core schematic diagram in the pipe of the present invention:
Wherein, 1: shell, 2: imbibition core, 3: the inner concave shape hole.
Fig. 4 is a combinational network imbibition core schematic diagram in the pipe of the present invention:
Wherein, 1: shell, 201,202,203,204: by tube wall along the pipe radially inner the 1st, 2,3,4 layer of silk screen, 3: the inner concave shape hole.
Fig. 5 is heat pipe of the present invention and the contrast of contrast heat pipe evaporator section heat transfer coefficient.
Fig. 6 is heat pipe of the present invention and the contrast of contrast heat pipe condenser section heat transfer coefficient.
The specific embodiment
The present invention is described further below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Shown in Fig. 1,2,3,4.
Preparation titanium as shown in the figure heats pipe, and by the housing 1 that condensation segment 1-a and evaporator section 1-b form, imbibition core 2 is the porous laminated web-roll core structure of being made up of the different silk screen of mesh size.The imbibition core is connected to form by diffusion welding (DW) by 4 layers of titanium silk screen 201,02,203,204, is increased gradually by the inside meshcount of tube wall.Outer silk screen 201 forms metallurgical binding with inwall by diffusion welding (DW), guarantees that simultaneously each layer titanium silk screen of different meshes has formed porous laminated structure in the diffusion welding (DW) process.
Concrete manufacturing step is as follows:
Clean tube wall earlier, remove oxide-film.Then silk screen is wrapped on the plug, the fiting property of silk screen and inside pipe wall is an interference fit, during assembling, the plug of wound web is pressed in the pipe together, separately plug is extracted out again.
The meshcount and the number of plies are chosen according to heat pipe length and draw ratio, the long 1000mm of heat pipe, and bore 25mm then can select the order number to be respectively 4 layers of silk screen of 200,250,300,350 purposes, is 200 orders near inside pipe wall, and radially the order number increases gradually.
Secondly,, reach between the silk screen and weld silk screen and tube wall 1 by diffusion welding (DW), the concrete technological parameter of diffusion welding (DW) is: vacuum is 10
-1Pa guarantees the not oxidated and pollution of material; The control welding temperature is at 1100 ℃; Pressure is at 25MPa; Weld interval, 25 minutes.
The 3rd, after the opposite heat tube housing is hunted leak, in pipe, fill the pure water medium, filling amount is 25% of a heat pipe cumulative volume, needs working media is carried out degasification before filling.Vacuumize in managing then, technology can be with reference to carbon steel and copper heat pipe related process.
At last, be that opposite heat tube carries out vacuum seal, the process of sealing can be with reference to welding of titanium material and the relevant handbook of heat pipe manufacturing.Part that the present invention does not relate to can adopt prior art to be realized.
Comparative Examples 1:
Comparative Examples 2:
Fig. 5,6 is respectively contrast heat pipe 1 and the evaporator section of contrast heat pipe 2 and the correlation curve of condensation segment heat transfer coefficient under different heat flux conditions of heat pipe of the present invention and same inner diameter, wall thickness and length.Obviously, under identical heat flow density, heat pipe evaporator section heat transfer coefficient of the present invention contrasts heat pipe 2 and is significantly increased, and remains basically stable with contrast heat pipe 1, and the condensation segment heat transfer coefficient all has raising largely than other two kinds contrast heat pipes, and heat conduction reinforced effect is obvious.
Claims (4)
1. efficient corrosion-proof lightweight heat pipe; form by shell 1, imbibition core 2, upper cover 4-a, low head 4-b and protective sleeve 5; it is characterized in that; the material of shell 1 is a titanium, and imbibition core 2 is the titanium silk screen of the porous laminated structure that forms through vacuum diffusion welding in the pipe, and described silk screen is 3～6 layers; the order number is 100～400 orders; with the inner wall of tube shell metallurgical binding, the order number of silk screen radially inwardly increases gradually from inner wall of tube shell along heat pipe, and the hole that silk screen forms is inner concave shape hole 3.
2. efficient corrosion-proof lightweight heat pipe as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described outermost layer meshcount near inner wall of tube shell is 100～200 orders, along caliber to the innermost layer meshcount be 400 orders.
3. efficient corrosion-proof lightweight heat pipe as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, under the heat pipe length of determining, the described silk screen number of plies increases along with reducing of heat pipe draw ratio.
4. a method for preparing efficient corrosion-proof lightweight heat pipe as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described method step is as follows:
1) clean tube wall, silk screen is wrapped on the plug, silk screen and inside pipe wall are interference fit, the plug of wound web is pressed in the pipe then plug is extracted out;
2) 3～6 layer of 100～400 purpose silk screen carried out vacuum diffusion welding, and silk screen and tube wall also carry out vacuum diffusion welding, the technological parameter of diffusion welding (DW) is as follows: vacuum 10
-1Pa, 1000～1200 ℃ of temperature, pressure is between 20～30MPa, and be 15～30 minutes weld interval;
3) fill the pure water medium in pipe, filling amount is 20%～30% of a heat pipe total measurement (volume), vacuumize in managing, and opposite heat tube carries out vacuum seal.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200910197517A CN101694358A (en) | 2009-10-22 | 2009-10-22 | Efficient corrosion-proof lightweight heat pipe |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200910197517A CN101694358A (en) | 2009-10-22 | 2009-10-22 | Efficient corrosion-proof lightweight heat pipe |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101694358A true CN101694358A (en) | 2010-04-14 |
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ID=42093345
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200910197517A Pending CN101694358A (en) | 2009-10-22 | 2009-10-22 | Efficient corrosion-proof lightweight heat pipe |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102445097A (en) * | 2011-09-20 | 2012-05-09 | 华东理工大学 | High-efficiency gravity heat pipe and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN104227164A (en) * | 2013-06-14 | 2014-12-24 | 富瑞精密组件（昆山）有限公司 | Heat pipe and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN105460996A (en) * | 2015-11-30 | 2016-04-06 | 江苏润海能源科技有限公司 | Capillary driven sea water desalination evaporator |
| CN106052436A (en) * | 2016-06-13 | 2016-10-26 | 深圳市华普新能源科技有限公司 | Multi-dimensional vacuum degree heat pipe and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN106500536A (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2017-03-15 | 张海娟 | Heat-pipe radiator |
| CN106838843A (en) * | 2015-12-03 | 2017-06-13 | 广东茵坦斯能源科技有限公司 | A kind of high-powered LED lamp cooling system |
| CN111660062A (en) * | 2020-05-06 | 2020-09-15 | 中国航天空气动力技术研究院 | High-temperature heat pipe based on 3D printing and forming method thereof |
| CN113724963A (en) * | 2020-05-25 | 2021-11-30 | 新疆金风科技股份有限公司 | Transformer, cooling system and wind generating set |
-
2009
- 2009-10-22 CN CN200910197517A patent/CN101694358A/en active Pending
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102445097A (en) * | 2011-09-20 | 2012-05-09 | 华东理工大学 | High-efficiency gravity heat pipe and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN102445097B (en) * | 2011-09-20 | 2013-10-16 | 华东理工大学 | High-efficiency gravity heat pipe and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN104227164A (en) * | 2013-06-14 | 2014-12-24 | 富瑞精密组件（昆山）有限公司 | Heat pipe and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN105460996A (en) * | 2015-11-30 | 2016-04-06 | 江苏润海能源科技有限公司 | Capillary driven sea water desalination evaporator |
| CN106838843A (en) * | 2015-12-03 | 2017-06-13 | 广东茵坦斯能源科技有限公司 | A kind of high-powered LED lamp cooling system |
| CN106052436A (en) * | 2016-06-13 | 2016-10-26 | 深圳市华普新能源科技有限公司 | Multi-dimensional vacuum degree heat pipe and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN106500536A (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2017-03-15 | 张海娟 | Heat-pipe radiator |
| CN111660062A (en) * | 2020-05-06 | 2020-09-15 | 中国航天空气动力技术研究院 | High-temperature heat pipe based on 3D printing and forming method thereof |
| CN113724963A (en) * | 2020-05-25 | 2021-11-30 | 新疆金风科技股份有限公司 | Transformer, cooling system and wind generating set |
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Open date: 20100414 |