CN101691647B - Hot-spraying coating with high performance - Google Patents
Hot-spraying coating with high performance Download PDFInfo
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- CN101691647B CN101691647B CN2009101721459A CN200910172145A CN101691647B CN 101691647 B CN101691647 B CN 101691647B CN 2009101721459 A CN2009101721459 A CN 2009101721459A CN 200910172145 A CN200910172145 A CN 200910172145A CN 101691647 B CN101691647 B CN 101691647B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a hot-spraying coating with high performance, which is characterized in that a coating material comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 8 to 15 percent of Co, 3 to 8 percent of Cr, and the balance of tungsten carbide. Besides, NiCrAlY can also be added in the coating material in an amount accounting for 30 to 60 percent of the total mass of the NicrrAlY and the coating material. The hot-spraying coating has high micro hardness and good toughness; the organization structure of the coating is changed into metallurgical bonding from layered superposition; and the mechanical bonding between the coating and a matrix is also changed into the metallurgical bonding. A compact organization and an excellent microstructure of the coating can improve the bonding force between coating particles, greatly strengthen the anti-wear capacity of the coating, and effectively prevent the invasion of a corrosion medium, so the anti-wear and corrosion-resistant performance of the coating is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is a kind of high performance hot spray coating that has, and belongs to the hot spray coating technical field.
Background technology
Thermospray prepares the important branch that coating technology is surfacecti proteon, becomes the preparation technology of present most widely used wear-resistant corrosion-resistant finishes with the characteristics of its economical and efficient.Hot-spraying techniques is meant utilizes various thermals source; The solid cladding material of desire spraying is heated to fusing or molten state; Atomizing effect by means of high velocity air makes it form fine molten drop, and jet deposition is to the technology that forms the packed structures coating through pretreated workpiece substrate surface.Difference according to thermal source is divided into electric arc spraying, flame plating, and supersonic spray coating, plasma spraying, or the like.
Working environment such as aircraft engine, rocket is very abominable in the Aeronautics and Astronautics; Stand the comprehensive action of high temperature, wearing and tearing, oxidation, corrosion etc.; The component failure that is caused thus not only can cause enormous economic loss, and influences national security, in order to prolong the work-ing life of weaponry; Need carry out various protection to its key part surface; As wear-resisting, corrosion-resistant, anti-oxidant, heat insulation etc., hot spray coating is being brought into play more and more important effect thus, and wherein the development of multi-functional coatings becomes the focus of coating research especially.But between the coating of traditional hot-spraying techniques spraying and matrix is mechanical bond; Being coated with interlayer is the stratiform overlaying structure, though different hot-spraying techniquess, with the raising of spraying rate; The increase of spray power; Carefulization of powder etc., its wear-corrosion resistance can increase, but mechanical bond and stratiform overlaying structure have determined that the performance of coating is the raising of magnitude; And can't realize qualitative leap, therefore independent hot-spraying techniques can not satisfy the demand of parts to high-performance coating under many circumstances.
The spraying principle of hot-spraying techniques; Determined the prepared coating of hot-spraying techniques inside to be all the stratiform overlaying structure; Reaching the coating interior tissue between coating interface and basal body interface is mechanical bond; Therefore all to exist the bonding strength that is caused because of mechanical bond, stratiform overlaying structure low for coating, is prone to the shortcoming of spalling failure, had a strong impact on performance and the work-ing life of coating of the performance such as wear-resistant of coating; Coating porosity is high in addition, crackle is many, and the local corrosion that these can quicken coating makes that the coating corrosion resistance is poor.
If can make between coating and matrix and between the coating and realize metallurgical binding, but not the stratiform stack, the compactness of coating and bonding strength all will improve greatly, and its performance will have a substantive leap.Performance raising for high-performance coating preparation field and weaponry all is significant.
Present improved method:
1. between matrix and surface layer, spray bond coating, promptly the middle layer utilizes the good wellability between middle layer and matrix and surface layer, finally reaches the purpose that increases bonding force between coating and matrix.
The middle layer has increased the interface of coating in fact, and impurity is prone to invade, and causes disbonding to lose efficacy thereby be prone to produce the oxidation growth thing);
2. spraying back laser remolten makes coating and matrix realize metallurgical binding, and the increase coating compactness strengthens its bonding force and performance such as corrosion-resistant, wear-resistant.
Laser remolten can be realized the purpose of metallurgical binding and dense coating, but because it need carry out laser remolten processing again after spraying finishes, so be equivalent to prolong the preparation cycle of coating; And the difficult control of remelting parameter, in addition, because of it needs the whole coating of penetration so institute's energy requirement is very high; Coated material is prone to by scaling loss; Lost the original excellent properties of spray material, unrelieved stress that easy generation is bigger and more crackle hole finally cause coating performance decline and are prone to spalling failure.
Summary of the invention
The present invention designs to having shortcoming in the above-mentioned present technology just a kind of high performance hot spray coating that has is provided; Technical scheme of the present invention is not started with from the angle of technology; But study to the material that forms hot spray coating; A kind of new heat spray coating layer material has been proposed, its objective is utilize laser and atmospheric plasma composite spraying method to prepare to have high bond strength, high abrasion decreases corrosion resistant coating.This coating has realized metallurgical binding; Coating structure is fine and close; Excellent microtexture can improve the bonding force between the coating particles, and then improves the wear-resistant corrosion resistance nature of coating, makes thermospray prepare the abrasion-proof corrosion-proof coating and on weave construction and performance, has all realized qualitative leap.
The objective of the invention is to realize through following technical scheme:
This kind has high performance hot spray coating, it is characterized in that: the Chemical Composition of this coated material and weight percent are: Co, and 8～15%, Cr, 3～8%, all the other are wolfram varbide.
In addition, in this coated material, can also add NiCrAlY, add-on is 30～60% of it and a coated material quality sum.
The variation of coated material and coating texture and the height of bonding force all can produce influence greatly to the wear-corrosion resistance of coating.Therefore the material of coating is selected extremely important.
Why selecting WC in the technical scheme of the present invention, is because the WC powder has very high microhardness, and this is the prerequisite of the high anti-scuff coating of preparation, but pure WC powder wettability is relatively poor, can not directly be used as thermal spraying material, necessary and other metal composite.The interpolation of Co element can improve coating fragility; Useful to improving coating abrasion performance; Co plays cohesive action to the WC hard mutually in coating simultaneously, makes the WC hard particles erect a blocky wear-resisting skeleton through the sticking action of Co bonding phase, gives full play to its wear-resisting effect; The interpolation of Cr is that the Cr element is prone to form stable passive film at coatingsurface because the Cr element has high resistance to high temperature corrosion performance, and this layer passive film is present in coatingsurface with the form of oxide compound; This oxidation products itself has excellent antiwear anti-corrosion performance; And it can effectively stop the intrusion of etchant solution, the generation and the diffusion of opposing corrosion pit, thus protect whole coating to have splendid corrosion resistance; Simultaneously; The Cr element can effectively suppress the dissolving of phase Co that bonds, thereby reduces the corrosion speed of coating, improves the corrosion resisting property of coating.
NiCrAlY also is a kind of nickel base powder commonly used that is used for preparing corrosion-resistant coating, and its adding is the bonding force between enhancement coating and matrix further, increases the toughness of coating, improves coating anti-corrosion anti-abrasion damage performance.
The wear out failure mechanism of coating according to the invention is: in wear process, soft bonding phase Co at first is removed under hard friction pair effect, and WC particle loses the cohesive action of Co and removed by mill ball subsequently.So after coating had realized metallurgical binding, the bonding of the coating power that combines with hard was stronger obviously, frictional force will be difficult to it is removed, so its wear resistance will improve greatly.
The corrosion mechanism of coating of the present invention: the corrosion of coating all is to begin from weakness such as hole or crackles; Corrosive medium is at first invaded in the coating porosity; Hole by running through matrix is penetrated into matrix; Matrix is corroded, and corrosion product is grown, spreads, is spread, and finally causes disbonding to lose efficacy.And after coating realized metallurgical binding, coating structure was fine and close more, and porosity is extremely low; This is beneficial to the intrusion that stops corrosive medium very much; Prevent the generation of local corrosion, thereby avoided the generation and the diffusion of corrosion pit, greatly improved the corrosion resistance of coating.
The said coating of technical scheme of the present invention is selected laser and atmospheric plasma composite spraying processes; Rather than independent hot-spraying techniques; Be in line with the purpose that realizes the coating metallurgical binding; Metallurgical binding can realize high bond strength and high compactness, has another major cause of high abrasion high anti-corrosion and high bonding strength and low porosity are coatings.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the metallographic microstructure structure of traditional hot spraying coated material of the present invention
Fig. 2 be composite spraying coated material of the present invention the metallographic microstructure structure
The bonding interface of Fig. 3 traditional hot spraying WC-10Co4Cr coating and matrix
Fig. 4 composite spraying WC-10Co4Cr coating and matrix bond interface
Embodiment
Below will combine accompanying drawing and embodiment that technical scheme of the present invention is done to detail further:
Table one is the embodiment tabulation of the Chemical Composition and the weight percent thereof of the said coated material of technical scheme of the present invention.
Table 1
| Embodiment | WC (％) | Co (％) | Cr (％) | NiCrAlY (％) | Bonding strength/MPa | Corrosion resistance is compared with conventional coatings | Wear resistance is compared with conventional coatings |
| Embodiment 1 | 84 | 8 | 8 | - | 103 | 8 times | 3 times |
| Embodiment 2 | 86 | 10 | 4 | - | 120 | 13 times | 7 times |
| Embodiment 3 | 87 | 13 | 3 | - | 117 | 10 times | 6 times |
| Embodiment 4 | 85 | 15 | 3 | - | 116 | 12 times | 5 times |
| Embodiment 5 | 60 | 7 | 3 | 30 | 124 | 17 times | 6 times |
| Embodiment 6 | 43 | 5 | 2 | 50 | 129 | 20 times | 9 times |
| Embodiment 7 | 34 | 4 | 2 | 60 | 133 | 23 times | 7 times |
Adopt laser and atmospheric plasma composite spraying technology, prepare coating according to the invention, its technological process is:
1. the cleaning of sample and sandblast
2. in powder feeder, add dusty spray material, granularity 15～45um.
3. put sample well, adjustment composite spraying distance is confirmed each parameter of plasma spraying parameter and laser processing, writes the mechanical manipulator spray procedure.
Coating composite spraying parameter such as following table 2: wherein plasma gun is selected GE nozzle (anti-WC scaling loss) for use
Table 2
| Powder | Voltage | Electric current | Powder feeding | Spacing | Spray fast sweep velocity | The spray distance | Main gas Ar | Inferior gas H2 | Defocusing amount | Laser power |
| WC-10Co4Cr powder+NiCrAlY | 45～65 V | 440～560 A | 1～4r/m | 2mm | 20～40 mm/s | 75～95 mm | 60 slm | 1.2～3 slm | 7～12 mm | 1.5～ 3.0 KW |
4. open water coolant, open cooling air, open powder feeder, drive laser apparatus, the plasma gun starting the arc, operation mechanical manipulator program, the spraying beginning after coating prepn finishes, is turned off spraying equipment and cooling system.
Shown in accompanying drawing 1～4, through Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the advantage that obtains technical scheme of the present invention is analyzed in the contrast of Fig. 3 and Fig. 4.Utilize the prepared laser plasma composite spraying corrosion-resistant finishes of spray material described in the present invention, it has realized metallurgical binding, and coating heterogeneous microstructure and performance have all realized qualitative leap.Be in particular in that coating has high microhardness and good toughness, coating texture becomes metallurgical binding (Fig. 2) by the stratiform stack, also becomes metallurgical binding (Fig. 4) by mechanical bond between coating and matrix; Its dense microstructure; Excellent microtexture can improve the bonding force between the coating particles, has greatly strengthened the antiwear property of coating, has effectively stoped the intrusion of corrosive medium; Thereby improved the wear-resistant corrosion resistance nature of coating; Make thermospray prepare the abrasion-proof corrosion-proof coating and on weave construction and performance, all realized qualitative leap, more than its bonding strength 100Mpa, wear resisting property and corrosion resistance nature reach more than 5 times of traditional hot spray-on coating.This coating all has great importance for the development of high-performance coating preparation field and for the fighting capacity that promotes weaponry, possesses wide application prospect.
Claims (1)
1. one kind has high performance hot spray coating, it is characterized in that: the Chemical Composition of this coated material and weight percent are: Co 4%, and Cr 2%, and WC 34%, and NiCrAlY 60%.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102586712A (en) * | 2012-03-11 | 2012-07-18 | 赣州章源钨业新材料有限公司 | Thermal spraying powder for preparing superhigh pressure sealing coating and preparation process thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103695832B (en) * | 2013-12-27 | 2015-12-30 | 中国航空工业集团公司北京航空制造工程研究所 | A kind of complex function coating of antiwear anti-corrosion |
| CN104498857A (en) * | 2014-05-04 | 2015-04-08 | 水利部产品质量标准研究所 | Method for preparation of cobalt chromium bonded tungsten carbide coating by high enthalpy plasma spraying technology |
| CN112095070A (en) * | 2020-10-20 | 2020-12-18 | 西安交通大学 | Aluminum-containing metal powder applied to plasma spraying |
| CN113351884B (en) * | 2021-08-11 | 2021-10-15 | 天津大学 | Method for connecting CuCrZr/W dissimilar mutual non-solid-solution alloys based on laser additive manufacturing technology |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102586712A (en) * | 2012-03-11 | 2012-07-18 | 赣州章源钨业新材料有限公司 | Thermal spraying powder for preparing superhigh pressure sealing coating and preparation process thereof |
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