CN101671856B - Ultra-fine denier nylon stable fiber production method - Google Patents

Ultra-fine denier nylon stable fiber production method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101671856B
CN101671856B CN2009103064930A CN200910306493A CN101671856B CN 101671856 B CN101671856 B CN 101671856B CN 2009103064930 A CN2009103064930 A CN 2009103064930A CN 200910306493 A CN200910306493 A CN 200910306493A CN 101671856 B CN101671856 B CN 101671856B
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tow
spinning
radical
nylon
speed
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CN101671856A (en
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来国桥
郝超伟
马清芳
蒋剑雄
徐怡庄
陆达天
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Nantong Jiurun Network Technology Co.,Ltd.
Nantong Wote Optoelectronics Technology Co ltd
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Hangzhou Normal University
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Abstract

The invention relates to an ultra-fine denier nylon stable fiber production method which solves technical problems that a conventional spinning device can produce ultra-fine denier nylon, the spun ultra-fine nylon has stable performance and is easily dyed, and the production cost is substantially reduced. The production method comprises the following steps: (1) spinning, on a double-screw melt-spinning device, master batches are added and mixed with nylon slices to lead that the content of the master batches is 1-10%, the melt mixture fusant is extruded into a spinning pack by a screw, filtered by sea sand and squeezed out by a spinneret orifice to form silk flock, wherein the diameter of the spinneret orifice is 0.15-0.35mm and the length-diameter is 2-4; the pressure of the screw is 80-100kg/cm<2>; sea sand is 60 meshes, 80 meshes or 100 meshes; and a filter screen is 250 meshes or 400 meshes; (2) cooling; (3) oiling and winding; (4) bundling; (5) oil immersion; (6) drawing; (7) curling; (8) loosing and heat shaping; (9) cutting, obtaining the product.

Description

A kind of ultra-fine denier nylon stable fiber production method
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of synthetic fiber, specifically a kind of method of producing ultra-fine denier nylon stable fiber with conventional spin processes.
Background technology
Superfine fibre its specific structure performance, the just increasing interest that causes people is also carried out the research of the type fiber fast widely.The method of making superfine fibre at present has several kinds, comprises conventional spinning improved method, sea-island-type composite spun method, methods such as exfoliated composite spinning.Conventional spinning improved method is through the raw material of selecting suitable relative molecular mass, optimizes condition such as spinning technique and carry out necessary key equipment transformation; Traditional spinning process is transformed but a kind of method of first superfine fibre spinning, and this method has that equipment is simple, the after-processing technology process is simple, and production cost is low; Characteristics such as the quality of production is stable; But this method requires very high to raw material section, filament spinning component and spinning process condition, and because fiber finer; Be prone to produce the broken end lousiness, big limitations apply.And this method is only applicable to the production of super fine polyester and polypropylene fibre.The sea-island-type composite spun method is a kind of a kind of polymer to be distributed among the another kind of polymer (sea) with the form of a plurality of superfine fentos (island), after this fibrid is made fabric, with specific solvent sea component is dissolved, and remaining " island " component is superfine fibre.The fiber that this method is produced is thinner, but because with an organic solvent, causes the spinning cost significantly to increase, and also faces problem of environmental pollution.Exfoliated composite spinning method adopts the mechanical stripping method, and utilization rate of active components is high, but equipment investment is big, and the spinning process difficulty is also big, promotes difficult.
Polyamide fibre has superior physical property, is widely used in fields such as knitted underwear, hosiery, sweat shirt, ski-wear, Lingerie.Compare with polyolefin, polyester fiber, the molecular structure property of polyamide fibre (containing amide group, the analogous protein structure) has good hydrophilic skin-friendly, hygroscopicity, excellent properties such as gas permeability; The thin dawnization of polyamide fibre can further improve quality of fibre and value, produces the top grade that meets fashion trend and voguish style and takes product.Toray company utilized the island method to produce the fine-denier polyamide fiber technology in 1970, and slowly was able to improve popularization.But utilize fabric of island-in-sea type spin processes complex manufacturing, with high costs, also can cause large amount of organic discharging and environmental pollution, limited it and applied.
Utilize conventional spinning improved method directly to be spun into the thin dawn at present and the super fine denier polyamide fibre does not also appear in the newspapers.
Summary of the invention
The technical issues that need to address of the present invention are, the production of super fine denier polyamide fibre can easily be realized on conventional spinning equipment, and spun ultra-fine nylon stable performance, easy dyeing, and production cost significantly reduces, and is easy to wide popularization and application.
Said fiber is the ultra-fine short fiber that a kind of conventional spin processes is produced, and it is characterized in that: utilize the master batch additive technology, said master batch is the master batch of developing voluntarily, and master batch comprises nylon matrix modifier, anti-oxidant, auxiliary agent etc.The master batch addition is 1~10%, spinning after the fusion of directly will cutting into slices, and gained fibre single thread fiber number is 0.22~0.55dtex.Fibrous fracture intensity is 3.3~3.8cN/dtex, and elongation at break is 60~120%.After many tow are carried out boundling, oil again, cut off after the stretching and winding, the gained staple length is 3~40mm.The present invention can produce the polyamide fibre short fiber on conventional spinning equipment, this technology is simple, and is easy to operate, greatly reduces production cost, and gained short fiber product is stable, and Color is good, is a kind of production technology of environmental protection.
Ultra-fine denier nylon stable fiber of the present invention and production method is characterized in that as follows:
1) spinning on the twin-screw apparatus for melt spinning, is added master batch and is mixed with nylon (nylon 6 or nylon 66) section; Making master batch content is 1~10%; The mixture melt of fusion is squeezed into spinning pack through screw rod, filters after spinneret orifice is extruded, form tow through extra large sand; Wherein orifice diameter is 0.15~0.35mm, and draw ratio is 2~4; Described screw pressure is 80~100kg/cm 2Described extra large sand is 60 orders, 80 orders or 100 orders; Screen pack is 250 orders or 400 orders;
2) cooling, spinning head ring blowing device, 28~40 ℃ of the wind-warm syndrome that blows out, humidity 40~60%, wind speed 0.3~0.5m/s;
3) coiling that oils, cooled tow oils at upper oil-pan, after lower oil pan is reeled on winder through behind the draw-off godet; Wherein draw-off godet speed is 200~800m/min; The upper oil-pan rotating speed is 12~15r/min; The used finish that oils is that the polyamide fibre oil content is 8~10% secondary aqueous emulsion, and winding speed is 200~800m/min;
4) boundling, the tow after oiling passes through the creel boundling again, and the dawn number of the tow behind the boundling was 2~30,000 dawn;
5) again through the immersion cell immersion oil, finish is that the polyamide fibre oil content is 8~10% secondary aqueous emulsion behind boundling for immersion oil, tow;
6) stretch, in air dielectric, carry out succeeding stretch again through the tow behind the immersion oil, during room temperature tensile, first and second drawing roller speed is respectively 15~20m/min and 50~80m/min, and drafting multiple is 2.3~3.8 times;
7) curl, the tow after the stretching curls on crimping machine again through 60~65 ℃ of preheatings then, crimping machine speed 55~65m/min, and the tow after curling at room temperature cools off;
8) relaxation heat setting: the tow after curling in setting machine, 65~70 ℃ of following relaxation heat settings, the time is 6~10min;
9) cut off, the tow that relaxation heat setting is good cuts off through cutting machine, and length is 3~40mm, promptly gets product.
Above-mentioned master batch is matrix with nylon, and wherein modifier content is 1%~10%, and oxidation preventive content is 0.01%~1%; Other auxiliary agent---dispersant and/or stabiliser content are 0.01%~1%; Described modifier is one or more in the element salt of first or second main group; Described anti-oxidant is selected from one or more among antioxidant 1010, antioxidant CA, antioxidant 163, antioxidant 168, antioxidant 3114, anti-oxidant DLTP and the antioxidant TNP;
The said first main group metal element is selected from lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium or caesium; The compound of first main group metal is the first main group metal salt or/and complex compound, and it is nitrogenous and/or contain oxygen and/or sulfur-bearing organic ligand that wherein the part of the anion of slaine or complex compound is selected from phosphate radical, carbonate, carboxylate radical, nitrate radical, sulfate radical, sulfonate radical, inferior sulfate radical, halide anion, pseudohalogen ion and other; The said second main group metal element is selected from magnesium, calcium or strontium; The compound of second main group metal is the second main group metal salt or/and complex compound, and it is nitrogenous and/or contain oxygen and/or sulfur-bearing organic ligand that wherein the part of the anion of slaine or complex compound is selected from phosphate radical, carbonate, carboxylate radical, nitrate radical, sulfate radical, sulfonate radical, inferior sulfate radical, halide anion, pseudohalogen ion and other;
Described dispersant is a polyethylene glycol, one or more in PLA or the polyvinyl alcohol;
Described stabilizing agent is an atoleine, n-hexane, one or more in the cyclohexane.
In the described step 1), the master batch content that mixes with nylon chips is 2~8%, and screw speed is 15~30r/min, and spinning temperature is 230~290 ℃.
The present invention has following advantage:
1. the present invention adopts and adds the master batch method, on conventional spinning machine, produces the polyamide fibre short fiber, and with the island method, peel off composite spinning method such as method and compare, technology is simple, is a kind of eco-friendly high-performance fiber production technology;
2. the present invention utilizes conventional spinning equipment to produce, and cost declines to a great extent;
3. the resulting superfine fibre of the present invention has plurality of specifications, the part products through Zhejiang Province examination of fibers check, various performances all reach excellent or the Grade A specification requirement; Can satisfy the back and make the different demands of arrangement processing, the superfine fibre kind of this kind technological development also can be produced non-weaving cloth, and medical, filtering material etc. enlarge its range of application.
The specific embodiment
Through embodiment, do further bright specifically below to technical scheme of the present invention.
The present invention adopts conventional spinning production method, develops master batch voluntarily through adding, and interacts with the nylon molecule, to change the molecular structure of nylon melt, is utilizing conventional spin processes to produce the purpose of ultra-fine nylon thereby finally reach.
(1) raw material: see embodiment 1.
(2) spinning equipment:
What the present invention used is the conventional spinning machine (type is ASKV102A type Spinning Machine for Long Filament) of twin-screw; Adopt the master batch measuring pump accurately to control the master batch adding proportion; Utilize specific spinning pack, filtering material is with Control Component pressure, and suitable The hole diameter of spinneret compares etc.Screw rod respectively distinguishes temperature and spin manifold temperature is controlled automatically, and screw rod, measuring pump rotating speed and melt pressure frequency conversion are controlled automatically.
(3) conventional process parameter:
A) nylon chips: vacuum drum is dry, 85~95 ℃ of baking temperatures, and drying time, the section moisture content was controlled in the 600ppm at 18~24 hours.
B) spinning technology parameter
Measuring pump specification: 0.6ml/rep; Its rotating speed is according to calculating such as finished product fiber number, proportioning raw materials, spinning speed, stretching ratios
Spinning speed: 200~800m/min;
Spinning temperature: 230~290 ℃
Lateral blowing cooling: temperature, 28~40 ℃, humidity 40~60%, wind speed 0.3~0.5m/s.
C) winding process parameter
Draw-off godet speed: 200~800m/min;
Upper oil-pan rotating speed: 12~15r/min;
Oil concentration: weight fraction is 8~10% polyamide fibre finish secondary aqueous emulsion.
Winding speed: 200~800m/min;
D) after-processing technology parameter
The immersion cell oil concentration: weight fraction is 8~10% polyamide fibre finish secondary aqueous emulsion
First drawing roller speed: 15~20m/min
Second drawing roller speed: 50~80m/min,
Drafting multiple is 2.3~3.8 times
Curling preheating cabinet temperature: 60~65 ℃
Coiling machine speed: 55~65m/min
The relaxation heat setting temperature: 65~70 ℃, time 10min
Cutter speed: 20~25m/min, length is that 3~40mm is adjustable
(4) finished silk performance
1. filament number: 0.22~0.55dtex;
2. fracture strength: 3.3~3.8cN/dtex;
3. elongation at break is 60~120%;
4. crispation number (individual/25mm): 10~15;
5. moisture content: 0.9~1.1%;
6. oil content: 1.0~1.2%;
7. length: 3~40mm.
Embodiment 1:
This example as follows.
1) spinning on the twin-screw apparatus for melt spinning, is added master batch and is mixed with nylon 6 slice, and the mixture melt of fusion is squeezed into spinning pack through screw rod, through extra large sand filtration after spinneret orifice is extruded the formation tow; The master batch addition is 5% of two raw material gross weights;
The raw material that this example adopts is a nylon 6 slice, relative viscosity 2.47 ± 0.02, density 1.14g/cm 3, fusing point is 215~222 ℃.Special-purpose master batch is to be matrix with the nylon 6 slice; Adding content is 0.5% anti-oxidant---antioxidant 168 and antioxidant 1010 (both weight ratios 1: 1); Content is 0.5% dispersant---polyethylene glycol; Content is 0.5% stabilizing agent---atoleine, and content is 4% modifier---K 25O 4And SrCl 2(both weight ratios 1: 3) melt extrude granulation on double screw extruder, gained master batch melt flow index 5~15g/10min, and melting range is 100~200 ℃;
Wherein orifice diameter is 0.20mm, and draw ratio is 3; Described extra large sand is 60 orders, 80 orders or 100 orders; Screen pack is 250 orders or 400 orders;
Nylon chips pump confession amount is 86.4g/min, and it is 4.32g/min that the master batch pump supplies flow, and spinning temperature is 240~270 ℃; Screw speed is 25r/min; Screw pressure is 80~100kg/cm 2Spinning speed is 400m/min;
2) cooling, spinning head ring blowing device, 35 ℃ of the wind-warm syndrome that blows out, humidity 50%, wind speed 0.4m/s;
3) coiling that oils, cooled tow oils at upper oil-pan, after lower oil pan is reeled on winder through behind the draw-off godet; Wherein draw-off godet speed is 400m/min; The upper oil-pan rotating speed is 12~15r/min; The used finish that oils is that the polyamide fibre oil content is 10% secondary aqueous emulsion, and winding speed is 400m/min;
4) boundling, the tow after oiling passes through the creel boundling again, single 2.5 ten thousand dawn of dawn numerical digit of the tow behind the boundling;
5) again through the immersion cell immersion oil, finish is that the polyamide fibre oil content is 8% secondary aqueous emulsion behind boundling for immersion oil, tow;
6) stretch, in air dielectric, carry out succeeding stretch again through the tow behind the immersion oil, during room temperature tensile, first and second drawing roller speed is respectively 18~20m/min and 50~60m/min, and drafting multiple is 3 times;
7) curl, the tow after the stretching curls on crimping machine again through 60~65 ℃ of preheatings then, crimping machine speed 55~65m/min, and the tow after curling at room temperature cools off;
8) relaxation heat setting: the tow after curling in setting machine, 65~70 ℃ of following relaxation heat settings, the time is 8min;
9) cut off, the tow that relaxation heat setting is good cuts off through cutting machine, and length is 10mm, promptly gets product.
Above-mentioned 400m/min spins the undrawn yarn of speed, stretches 2.5 times, and fibrous fracture intensity is 3.65cN/dtex, and elongation at break is 90%.Stretch 3 times, fibrous fracture intensity is 3.95cN/dtex, and elongation at break is 70%.Stretch 3.5 times, fibrous fracture intensity is 4.10cN/dtex, and elongation at break is 54%.Gained fibre single thread fiber number is 0.35dtex.

Claims (2)

1. ultra-fine denier nylon stable fiber production method is characterized in that as follows:
1) spinning on the twin-screw apparatus for melt spinning, is added master batch and is mixed with nylon chips, and making master batch content is 1~10%, and the mixture melt of fusion is squeezed into spinning pack through screw rod, through extra large sand filtration after spinneret orifice is extruded the formation tow; Wherein orifice diameter is 0.15~0.35mm, and draw ratio is 2~4; Described screw pressure is 80~100kg/cm 2Described extra large sand is 60 orders, 80 orders or 100 orders; Screen pack is 250 orders or 400 orders;
2) cooling, spinning head ring blowing device, 28~40 ℃ of the wind-warm syndrome that blows out, humidity 40~60%, wind speed 0.3~0.5m/s;
3) coiling that oils, cooled tow oils at upper oil-pan, after lower oil pan is reeled on winder through behind the draw-off godet; Wherein draw-off godet speed is 200~800m/min; The upper oil-pan rotating speed is 12~15r/min; The used finish that oils is that the polyamide fibre oil content is 8~10% secondary aqueous emulsion, and winding speed is 200~800m/min;
4) boundling, the tow after oiling passes through the creel boundling again, and the dawn number of the tow behind the boundling was 2~30,000 dawn;
5) again through the immersion cell immersion oil, finish is that the polyamide fibre oil content is 8~10% secondary aqueous emulsion behind boundling for immersion oil, tow;
6) stretch, in air dielectric, carry out succeeding stretch again through the tow behind the immersion oil, during room temperature tensile, first and second drawing roller speed is respectively 15~20m/min and 50~80m/min, and drafting multiple is 2.3~3.8 times;
7) curl, the tow after the stretching curls on crimping machine again through 60~65 ℃ of preheatings then, crimping machine speed 55~65m/min, and the tow after curling at room temperature cools off;
8) relaxation heat setting: the tow after curling in setting machine, 65~70 ℃ of following relaxation heat settings, the time is 6~10min;
9) cut off, the tow that relaxation heat setting is good cuts off through cutting machine, and length is 3~40mm, promptly gets product;
The described master batch of step 1) is matrix with nylon, and wherein modifier content is 1~10%, and oxidation preventive content is 0.01~1%; Other auxiliary agent---dispersant and/or stabiliser content are 0.01~1%; Described modifier is one or more in the element salt of first or second main group; Described anti-oxidant is selected from one or more among antioxidant 1010, antioxidant CA, antioxidant 163, antioxidant 168, antioxidant 3114, anti-oxidant DLTP and the antioxidant TNP;
The said first main group metal element is selected from lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium or caesium; The compound of first main group metal is the first main group metal salt or/and complex compound, and it is nitrogenous and/or contain oxygen and/or sulfur-bearing organic ligand that wherein the part of the anion of slaine or complex compound is selected from phosphate radical, carbonate, carboxylate radical, nitrate radical, sulfate radical, sulfonate radical, inferior sulfate radical, halide anion, pseudohalogen ion and other; The said second main group metal element is selected from magnesium, calcium or strontium; The compound of second main group metal is the second main group metal salt or/and complex compound, and it is nitrogenous and/or contain oxygen and/or sulfur-bearing organic ligand that wherein the part of the anion of slaine or complex compound is selected from phosphate radical, carbonate, carboxylate radical, nitrate radical, sulfate radical, sulfonate radical, inferior sulfate radical, halide anion, pseudohalogen ion and other;
Described dispersant is a polyethylene glycol, one or more in PLA or the polyvinyl alcohol;
Described stabilizing agent is an atoleine, n-hexane, one or more in the cyclohexane.
2. ultra-fine denier nylon stable fiber production method according to claim 1 is characterized in that in the described step 1) that the master batch content that mixes with nylon chips is 2~8%, and screw speed is 15~30r/min, and spinning temperature is 230~290 ℃.
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