CN101669816A - High-resolution photoacoustic imaging method based on multi-angle observation - Google Patents
High-resolution photoacoustic imaging method based on multi-angle observation Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a high-resolution photoacoustic imaging method based on multi-angle observation, which comprises the following steps: when a pulse laser irradiates on biological tissues, producing a photoacoustic signal; simultaneously observing the photoacoustic signal by a multi-element array ultrasonic probe, and collecting, storing and uploading all the collected photoacoustic signals to a computer; quickly reconstructing the photoacoustic image on the computer on the basis of a phased dynamic focusing algorithm and a reverse coordinate transformation algorithm; and realizing the multi-angle observation on the biological tissues to be observed by changing dynamic focusing parameters, and carrying out the data fusion treatment on the images observed from different angles. The method realizes the multi-angle observation on the biological tissues to be observed and effectively enhances the lateral resolution and the signal-to-noise ratio of the image; by adopting a distributedquick reconstruction algorithm on the computer, the method increases the imaging speed and realizes the digitalization of the device; and the method realizes the multi-angle and multi-position imagingon the biological tissues to be observed by using the array probe so as to enhance the adaptability and the application range of the system.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the photoacoustic tomography technology, relate in particular to a kind of high-resolution photoacoustic imaging method based on multi-angle observation.
Background technology
Photoacoustic imaging is a kind of harmless medical imaging method that development in recent years is got up, and combines the high contrast features of pure optical imagery and the high-penetration characteristic of pure ultra sonic imaging.It is with short-pulse laser as driving source, photoacoustic signal as information carrier, specific wavelength laser had the bigger optical absorption coefficient of difference and then the hyperacoustic principle of radiation varying strength is carried out imaging according to different biological tissues, by the one group of photoacoustic signal that collects is carried out a kind of formation method that image reconstruction process obtains the organization internal structural information.The photoacoustic imaging technology organically combines optics and acoustics, has partly overcome the influence of organizing the strong scattering effect in tissue when light transmits, so the photoacoustic imaging technology has the penetrance than the better biological tissue of optical coherent chromatographic imaging (OCT) technology.Photoacoustic signal had both depended on the optical characteristics of biological tissue, also depended on the acoustic characteristic of biological tissue, can provide a large amount of effective informations to medical diagnosis.Tumor needs more blood supply usually in growth course, follow more blood capillary hypertrophy, hematochrome in the blood vessel makes pathological tissues significantly strengthen the absorption of laser, apparently higher than normal position, photoacoustic signal intensity is also far above normal structure, therefore the photoacoustic imaging technology is suitable for the early diagnosis of tumor very much, has a extensive future, and becomes a research focus of biological tissue's technical field of nondestructive testing just gradually.
At present, photoacoustic image is limited by the restriction of arrayed ultrasonic probe cutting technique, and general low 2～3 times than longitudinal resolution of the lateral resolutions of ultra sonic imaging cause the lateral resolution of photoacoustic image to reduce.Therefore at this problem, based on phased dynamic focusing algorithm flexibly, utilize the optoacoustic information of same array ultrasonic probe perception simultaneously from different angles, optoacoustic echo data with these different angles carries out Data Fusion under same reference frame then, promptly same measured target is carried out simultaneously the observation of multi-angle, and observed result carried out Data Fusion, processing can effectively improve the lateral resolution and the signal to noise ratio of imaging like this, realizes the high-resolution of photoacoustic image.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to shortcoming and defect, a kind of high-resolution photoacoustic imaging method based on multi-angle observation is provided at the prior art existence.
Purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions, and a kind of high-resolution photoacoustic imaging method based on multi-angle observation comprises the steps:
(1) pulsed laser irradiation produces photoacoustic signal to biological tissue to be measured;
(2) utilize complex array ultrasonic probe simultaneous observation photoacoustic signal, the photoacoustic signal that collects is all gathered, stored and uploads in the computer;
(3) based on phased dynamic focusing algorithm and reverse coordinate transformation algorithm photoacoustic image is carried out Fast Reconstruction on computers;
(4) by changing the multi-angle observation of dynamic focusing parameter realization to biological tissue to be measured, the image that different angles are observed carries out Data Fusion.
In the step (1), described pulse laser optimal wavelength is 400～1100nm.
In the step (2), what described complex array ultrasonic probe adopted is the broadband linear array probe of 128 array elements, and the probe bandwidth is 5～10MHz, is consistent with the photoacoustic signal frequency.
In the step (3), described phased dynamic focusing algorithm, the image reconstruction mode that adopts parallel distributed to handle to the echo data of 128 array elements of popping one's head in.Probe scanning adopts integer step pitch and 1/2 step pitch switch mode, with the integer step pitch is example, at first the echo data with the 1st array element is a benchmark, all echo datas of this array element all are regarded as the focus of different depth, to focus on the address pointer of time-delay as other array element echo array, mode by address lookup finds each array element resonance point, and they are added up, and just having obtained with the 1st array element is the focused beam of main shaft.Equally, be benchmark with the echo data of the 2nd array element, repeat said process, can obtain with the 2nd array element is the acoustic beam of main shaft, same process repeats 128 times, can reconstruct a two-dimentional photoacoustic image that is made of 128 acoustic beams.
In the step (3), described reverse coordinate transformation algorithm adopts the mode against coordinate transform, utilizes bilinear interpolation method, the data of polar format is converted to the data of rectangular coordinate system form.
In the step (4), described realization utilizes same group of initial data to the multi-angle observation of biological tissue to be measured, focuses on the direction of main shaft by control, and then changes the multi-angle observation of dynamic focusing parameter realization probe to biological tissue to be measured.
In the step (4), described image co-registration is handled, and adopts data anastomosing algorithm, with image overlay together, guarantees to improve the lateral resolution and the signal to noise ratio of photoacoustic image under the situation that detection sensitivity does not reduce, and realizes the high-resolution of photoacoustic image.
The present invention also provides a kind of device of realizing said method, comprise laser instrument, complex array ultrasonic probe, multi-channel parallel Acquisition Circuit and computer, described complex array ultrasonic probe array element face is over against biological tissue to be measured, the center of biological tissue to be measured is aimed in the center of array element face, and complex array ultrasonic probe, multi-channel parallel Acquisition Circuit and computer are electrically connected successively.
What described complex array ultrasonic probe adopted is the broadband linear array probe of 128 array elements, and the probe bandwidth is 5～10MHz, is consistent with the photoacoustic signal frequency; The port number of multi-channel parallel Acquisition Circuit is 128, and passage is corresponding one by one with array element.
The present invention compared with prior art has following advantage and effect:
(1) the present invention is directed to the low problem of complex array ultrasonic probe lateral resolution, utilize same array ultrasonic probe that same measured target is carried out the observation of multi-angle simultaneously, and observed result carried out Data Fusion, effectively improved the lateral resolution and the signal to noise ratio of imaging.
(2) the present invention has carried out the distributed Fast Reconstruction of photoacoustic image on computers based on phased dynamic focusing algorithm and reverse coordinate transformation algorithm, has improved image taking speed, has realized the digitized of device, has improved the sensitivity and the dynamic range of device.
(3) the present invention not only can make the complex array ultrasonic probe realize the multi-angle observation imaging in the fixed position, also can realize multi-angle, multiposition imaging by mobile probe, and the device adaptability is strong, applied range.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 the present invention is based on the structural representation of the high-resolution photoacoustic imaging device of multi-angle observation.
Fig. 2 complex array ultrasonic probe multi-angle observation sketch map.
Among Fig. 1:
1 pulse laser
2 beam expanding lens
3 reflecting mirrors
4 focus lamps
5 clouded glass
6 sample cells
7 coupling liquid
8 biological tissues to be measured
9 complex array ultrasonic probes
10 multi-channel parallel Acquisition Circuit
101 governor circuits
The 102TGC amplifying circuit
103 pre-filtering circuit
The 104A/D sample circuit
105 data acquisition circuits based on FPGA
The 106USB data transmission circuit
11 computers
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail.
The present invention is based on multi-angle observation the high-resolution photoacoustic imaging device concrete structure as shown in Figure 1, this device mainly comprises pulse laser (1), complex array ultrasonic probe (9), multi-channel parallel Acquisition Circuit (10) and computer (11), complex array ultrasonic probe (9) array element face is over against biological tissue to be measured (8), the center of biological tissue to be measured is aimed in the center of array element face, and complex array ultrasonic probe (9), multi-channel parallel Acquisition Circuit (10) and computer (11) are electrically connected successively.
Described multi-channel parallel Acquisition Circuit (10) comprises governor circuit (101), TGC amplifying circuit (102), pre-filtering circuit (103), A/D sample circuit (104), based on data acquisition circuit (105) and the usb data transmission circuit (106) of FPGA, TGC amplifying circuit (102), pre-filtering circuit (103), A/D sample circuit (104), be electrically connected successively based on data acquisition circuit (105) and the usb data transmission circuit (106) of FPGA, governor circuit (101) all is electrically connected with other each circuit except that pre-filtering circuit (103).
Apparatus of the present invention member type selecting is as follows: laser instrument (1) is selected the Q-Switched Nd:YAG pulse laser of frequency multiplication for use, and wavelength is 532nm, and pulse width is 7ns, and repetition rate is 30Hz; Complex array ultrasonic probe (9) is selected the broadband linear array probe of 128 array elements for use, and the probe bandwidth is 5～10MHz, and array element distance is 0.3mm.
Utilize said apparatus to realize that the implementation step of the inventive method is:
(1) governor circuit (101) trigger impulse laser instrument (1), emission pulse laser shine in the biological tissue to be measured (8), produce photoacoustic signal;
(2) utilize complex array ultrasonic probe (9) observation photoacoustic signal, utilize multi-channel parallel Acquisition Circuit (10) that photoacoustic signal is carried out synchronous acquisition, TGC amplification, signal pre-filtering, AD sampling, buffer memory, finally upload in computer (11) internal memory;
(3) upward photoacoustic image is carried out Fast Reconstruction at computer (11) based on phased dynamic focusing algorithm and reverse coordinate transformation algorithm;
(4) by changing the multi-angle observation of dynamic focusing parameter realization to biological tissue to be measured (8), the image that different angles are observed carries out Data Fusion, obtains best image effect.
Complex array ultrasonic probe multi-angle observation sketch map of the present invention as shown in Figure 2, measurand is propagated to all directions through the photoacoustic signal that produces after the laser irradiation, so each array element sensitivity of complex array ultrasonic probe 9 to be the stack of a plurality of angle optoacoustic echo-signals, and finally the echo-signal of which direction is strengthened, which is suppressed, and depends on the position that focuses on main shaft fully.
Can utilize same frame initial data to measurand, focus on the yawing moment of main shaft, thereby change the dynamic focusing parameter, realize multi-angle observation measurand by control.Wherein, the deflection angle of acoustic beam main shaft is
When acoustic beam and probe normal direction (directions X) when having certain drift angle, the echo data R on the acoustic beam main shaft has projection on horizontal (the Y direction) of probe, can utilize axial high-resolution to remedy the deficiency of lateral resolution like this.The maximum observation angle of array ultrasonic probe is closely related with probe array element distance and technology, and when observation angle was 0 °, the observation sensitivity of probe array element was the highest, and along with the increasing of observation angle, observation sensitivity meeting significantly descends.Therefore, can carry out multi-angle observation, adopt the data fusion technology together then, guarantee under the situation that detection sensitivity does not reduce, to improve the lateral resolution of image these image overlay to measurand.But the acoustic beam scanning is with polar form storage, and final video picture is carried out under rectangular coordinate system, so the observed image of different angles must carry out coordinate transform processing before stack.
Consider from the angle of this performance, adopt the mode of contrary coordinate transform.The process of coordinate transform as shown in Figure 2, (following inversion process is carried out to it in x, the y) position on the corresponding pixel points:
In the formula (1), the integer part of R, θ is respectively as axial address, the line address of frame memory, the fractional part R of R, θ
Frac, θ
FracAs interpolation coefficient.Utilize bilinear interpolation method, obtain (x, pixel value P y) (x, y):
P(x，y)＝[P(R
0，θ
0)·(1-R
frac)+P(R
1，θ
0)·R
frac]·(1-θ
frac)
+[P(R
0，θ
1)·(1-R
frac)+P(R
1，θ
1)·R
frac]·θ
frac
＝P(R
0，θ
0)·(1-R
frac)·(1-θ
frac)+P(R
1，θ
0)·R
frac·(1-θ
frac) (2)
+P(R
0，θ
1)·(1-R
frac)·θ
frac+P(R
1，θ
1)·R
frac·θ
frac
Handle through carrying out image co-registration after the coordinate transform shown in formula (2), the data of the simplest fusion method fast after with coordinate transform directly superpose, and this is certainly not optimum.Should consider data fusion and coordinate transform are combined closely herein, data fusion process is placed on before the two-wire shape interpolation, from the view data of a plurality of observation angles, select the optimal interpolation point, select best probe observation angle, optimum blending algorithm makes the lateral resolution the best that merges the back photoacoustic image.
Claims (4)
1. the high-resolution photoacoustic imaging method based on multi-angle observation is characterized in that comprising the steps:
(1) pulsed laser irradiation produces photoacoustic signal to biological tissue to be measured;
(2) utilize complex array ultrasonic probe simultaneous observation photoacoustic signal, the photoacoustic signal that collects is all gathered, stored and uploads in the computer;
(3) based on phased dynamic focusing algorithm and reverse coordinate transformation algorithm photoacoustic image is carried out Fast Reconstruction on computers;
(4) by changing the multi-angle observation of dynamic focusing parameter realization to biological tissue to be measured, the image that different angles are observed carries out Data Fusion.
2. the high-resolution photoacoustic imaging method based on multi-angle observation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in the step (3), described reverse coordinate transformation algorithm, adopt the mode of contrary coordinate transform, utilize bilinear interpolation method, the data of polar format are converted to the data of rectangular coordinate system form.
3. the high-resolution photoacoustic imaging method based on multi-angle observation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in the step (4), described realization is to the multi-angle observation of biological tissue to be measured, utilize same group of initial data, focus on the direction of main shaft by control, and then change the multi-angle observation of dynamic focusing parameter realization probe biological tissue to be measured.
4. the high-resolution photoacoustic imaging method based on multi-angle observation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in the step (4), described image co-registration is handled, adopt data anastomosing algorithm, with image overlay together, under the situation that detection sensitivity does not reduce, improve the lateral resolution and the signal to noise ratio of photoacoustic image.
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| CN103149152A (en) * | 2013-01-29 | 2013-06-12 | 广州佰奥廷电子科技有限公司 | Varifocal scanning optoacoustic microimaging device and method thereof |
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| CN103211620B (en) * | 2013-04-26 | 2015-05-20 | 杨迪武 | Breast carcinoma early-stage detecting instrument based on annular array opto-acoustic sensing technology |
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| CN106447717B (en) * | 2016-09-30 | 2019-05-03 | 中国科学院自动化研究所 | A kind of method for reconstructing of the light selective film illumination micro-imaging based on multi-angle |
| CN111067482A (en) * | 2019-12-13 | 2020-04-28 | 中国科学院苏州生物医学工程技术研究所 | Magnetic control polarization photoacoustic imaging method and system |
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Effective date of registration: 20200622 Address after: 264209 No. 2, Wenhua West Road, Shandong, Weihai Co-patentee after: Shandong chenjing Photoelectric Technology Co.,Ltd. Patentee after: HARBIN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY (WEIHAI) Address before: 264209 No. 2, Wenhua West Road, Shandong, Weihai Patentee before: HARBIN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY (WEIHAI) |