CN101666230B - Coal mining method of lengthened front-beam fully-mechanized mining and fully-mechanized top coal carving of three-soft coal seam and equipment - Google Patents
Coal mining method of lengthened front-beam fully-mechanized mining and fully-mechanized top coal carving of three-soft coal seam and equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN101666230B CN101666230B CN2009103081226A CN200910308122A CN101666230B CN 101666230 B CN101666230 B CN 101666230B CN 2009103081226 A CN2009103081226 A CN 2009103081226A CN 200910308122 A CN200910308122 A CN 200910308122A CN 101666230 B CN101666230 B CN 101666230B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a coal mining method of a lengthened front-beam fully-mechanized mining and fully-mechanized top coal carving of a three-soft coal seam and an equipment. The invention is characterized in that the front end of the expansion front end of a fully-mechanized mining hydraulic bracket is provided with the lengthened front beam, a hydraulic cylinder of the expansion front beam is extended after a coal mining machine cuts coal; one part of the front end of the lengthened front beam extends into a coal wall so as to lead the lengthened front beam to support a top plate or top coal; then a scraping plate conveyor is gradually moved to be close to the coal wall behind the coal mining machine; then the hydraulic bracket is moved forward; at the time, the hydraulic cylinder of the expansion front beam is in retracted state again; and and top coal carving at the rear part is carried out at the place where the hydraulic bracket is moved. The invention can control the top coal or the top plate at the coal slide of the coal wall of fully-mechanized caving working face and the fully-mechanized mining working face of the three-soft unstable coal seam to lead the top coal or the top plate not to have the occurrence of leakage and roof fall and is characterized by moving the bracket fast, saving cost, having simple technique, being safer, saving working hour and having high production efficiency and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of coal-mining method and equipment, particularly a kind of three-soft seam lengthening front-axle beam is combined and is adopted, mining coal-mining method and equipment.
Background technology
" three is soft " coal seam coal-face is meant that top board instability, easily inbreak, coal seam are soft, rockiness coefficient f<1.0, easily wall caving and the base plate press in strength is low, bracket base easily falls into the end work plane.Top coal caving, face roof are cherry coal, and roof fall very easily takes place before the frame.Prevent the key that coal wall caving and leading roof fall are exploitation " three is soft " coal seams.The exploitation of three-soft seam is a difficult problem in China always, also is difficult to control on the safety, and back production efficient is also very low, does not find method preferably all the time.The method of traditional exploitation three-soft seam generally all is to annotate the Mary toward coal body and top board punching and loose adopting in the lane up and down of face, to solidify coal body and top board, reaches when mining rib not wall caving or few wall caving, the leading inbreak of top board.But find that in actual recovery process loose solidification to coal body of Mary is especially little even do not work.The discovery of tracing it to its cause: the one, this three-soft seam is met water can argillization diminish the permeability of boring, has hindered the infiltration diffusion that the Mary looses; The 2nd, the volume of coal face coal is too big, and coal body can't be bonded to one.Cause the usually leading wall caving leakage of rib roof fall in exploitation process, face ventilation walkway is adopted in obstruction, kills and adopts the face drag conveyor, brings many potential safety hazards, the safety in production that face is adopted in serious restriction, and diffusing expensive fund and the manpower of also needing of Mary annotated in punching.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention be to provide a kind of can control three soft irregular coal seams combine adopt, the top coal at fully mechanized coal face coal wall caving place or top board by it does not leak that the three-soft seam lengthening front-axle beam that does not emit, saves cost is comprehensively adopted, mining coal-mining method and equipment, thereby overcome the deficiencies in the prior art.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above technical scheme of the present invention: three-soft seam lengthening front-axle beam is combined and is adopted, the mining coal-mining method.This method is at the front end of the cantilever extension of comprehensive mining hydraulic bracket the lengthening front-axle beam to be installed, the hydraulic jack of cantilever extension stretches out after the coal-winning machine coal cutting, the part of lengthening front-axle beam front end is stretched in the rib, allow the lengthening front-axle beam support top board or top coal, behind coal-winning machine, progressively drag conveyor is moved by rib then, moving hydraulic support forward again, this moment, the hydraulic jack of cantilever extension was in retracted mode again; Carry out rear caving coal in the place that moves past hydraulic support.
Above-mentioned three-soft seam lengthening front-axle beam is combined and is adopted, in the mining coal-mining method, the lengthening front-axle beam installation be the face of adopting cut install hydraulic support and drag conveyor in the eyes after, leave 1.6~1.8 meters group in rib the place ahead, complete wire lath and waste and old i iron or track on the top to form false top, after the front-axle beam that will extend was transported to the face of adopting, segmentation was got on the cantilever extension that the front-axle beam that manually will extend is installed to hydraulic support by frame then.
Three-soft seam lengthening front-axle beam is combined and is adopted, the mining coal excavation apparatus.Its formation comprises coal-winning machine, drag conveyor and hydraulic support, at the front end of hydraulic support cantilever extension and cantilever extension hydraulic jack is housed; Cantilever extension and cantilever extension hydraulic jack connect by pin; The lengthening front-axle beam is installed on the front end of cantilever extension, and the tail end of lengthening front-axle beam and the front end of cantilever extension link.
Above-mentioned three-soft seam lengthening front-axle beam is combined and is adopted, in the mining coal excavation apparatus, the lengthening front-axle beam is to be connected on the cantilever extension by bolt.
Aforesaid three-soft seam lengthening front-axle beam is combined and is adopted, in the mining coal excavation apparatus, have horizontal connection holes on the vertical plane at lengthening front-axle beam rear portion; Tail end at the lengthening front-axle beam is welded with buckle, has vertical hold-down apertures on buckle; The lengthening front-axle beam is to be fixed by bolts on the cantilever extension by horizontal connection holes and vertical hold-down apertures.
Aforesaid three-soft seam lengthening front-axle beam is combined and is adopted, in the mining coal excavation apparatus, it is that 125~140 millimeters of φ, stroke are 600~1000 millimeters oil cylinder that the cantilever extension hydraulic jack is preferably selected cylinder diameter for use.
Aforesaid three-soft seam lengthening front-axle beam is combined and is adopted, in the mining coal excavation apparatus, coal-winning machine selects preferably that to cut dark be 600 millimeters for use, power is the coal-winning machine of 350~500KW.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: compared with prior art, the present invention installs a lengthening front-axle beam at the front end of the cantilever extension of comprehensive mining hydraulic bracket, hydraulic jack by cantilever extension when mining puts in the coal body the inside to the part of lengthening front-axle beam front end, allow the lengthening front-axle beam support the empty top zone territory that forms because of wall caving on the one hand, allow coal body that the lengthening front-axle beam is had a support force on the other hand, so just changed the force-bearing situation of hydraulic support back timber, make it by original only by the column cantilever support, becoming an end is upright supports, the other end is supported by coal body, improved the force-bearing situation of hydraulic support, reduced the specific contact pressure of bracket base, reduced amount at the bottom of the brill of bracket base the bottom.And the cantilever extension of support has coal body to support, and tries to stop people from fighting each other and the bracket base front end can be mentioned when falling frame, helps moving frame.Coal-winning machine just can cut ground coal and coalings under the shielding of hydraulic support back timber, cantilever extension and lengthening front-axle beam in three-soft seam, does not worry the wall caving roof fall.
Advantage of the present invention has: 1, it can control three soft irregular coal seams combine adopt, the top coal at fully mechanized coal face coal wall caving place or top board do not leak by it and do not emit; 2, it is quick to move frame, because the lengthening front-axle beam has rib to support, can fall frame by column when trying to stop people from fighting each other bracket base is mentioned, and reduces to move the frame resistance; 3, Jia Gong lengthening front-axle beam can use repeatedly, has saved cost; 4, the hydraulic support that the lengthening front-axle beam has been installed screens the space big, and personnel are far away apart from the wall caving place, and are safer, and the section that ventilates simultaneously is big, helps the gas management; 5, make three soft irregular coal seam coal cutting technologies simple, save man-hour, improved efficient; 6, because some quilt of lengthening front-axle beam is stretched into coal body, it has a fixation to the hydraulic support back timber, helps the anti-down of hydraulic support.Through facts have proved, the coal mining progress is original 3 to 4 times behind employing the present invention, and has played positive acting on such as minimizing support cost, the recovery of increase coal resources, raising security reliability.Exploitation rate also improves greatly, from more than 20,000 ton of 9.3 meters producing coal of past every month propelling, has brought up to every month and has advanced more than 70,000 ton of 36 meters producing coal.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a normal supporting view of installing the hydraulic support of lengthening front-axle beam;
Fig. 2 had just cut coal the supporting view of lengthening front-axle beam when stretching out;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of lengthening front-axle beam of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the upward view of lengthening front-axle beam of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the vertical view of lengthening front-axle beam of the present invention.
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1.As shown in Figure 1, coal excavation apparatus comprises coal-winning machine, drag conveyor 1 and hydraulic support 2, front end at hydraulic support 2 is equipped with cantilever extension 3 and cantilever extension hydraulic jack 4, cantilever extension 3 and cantilever extension hydraulic jack 4 connect by pin, lengthening front-axle beam 5 is installed on the front end of cantilever extension 3, and lengthening front-axle beam 5 is to be connected on the cantilever extension 3 by bolt.The shape of lengthening front-axle beam 5 as shown in Figure 3, its width is the width of cantilever extension 3, length is different according to the soft degree in coal seam, mining height and the wall caving degree of depth of entering, and mining height is generally 1.2~1.6 meters in the length of 2~2.5 meters dead-soft coal seam lengthening front-axle beam 5.Lengthening front-axle beam 5 fixedly is a key of the present invention at cantilever extension 3 beam-ends.When processing welding lengthening front-axle beam 5, the position in the hole of fixing lengthening front-axle beam 5 can be different (if the beam-ends of cantilever extension 3 does not have the hole because of the geomery of the cantilever extension 3 of different hydraulic supports, will bore three holes that can fix the front-axle beam 5 that extends in its relevant position of end face), on relevant position on the vertical plane at lengthening front-axle beam 5 rear portions, bore the connection holes 7 of horizontal (horizontal direction) of three same diameters, welding lastblock thick below the tail end of lengthening front-axle beam 5 is 20~30 millimeters buckle 8, bore the hold-down apertures 9 of two vertical (vertical direction) on buckle 8, the welding of buckle 8 must be solid and reliable.Correspond to and bore two holes on the position of two seams on the cantilever extension 3 being welded with this piece buckle 8 in order to fixing lengthening front-axle beam 5.Utilize two vertical hold-down apertures 9 on the buckle 8 to put down two bolts from above and pass seam on the cantilever extension 3, withhold front end with cushion block and the nut front-axle beam 5 that will extend below at cantilever extension 3, compress with will extend three holes of three horizontal connection holes 7 and cantilever extension 3 leading sections of front-axle beam 5 afterbodys of three bolts again, load on the lengthening front-axle beam 5 mainly is to get on by the cantilever extension 3 that the buckle 8 on the lengthening front-axle beam 5 and three bolts on the horizontal direction are delivered to hydraulic support 2 like this, and on the vertical direction two are flat bolt strained little, it only works to compress lengthening front-axle beam buckle 8, and these two flat bolts just are not easy to damage like this.The lengthening front-axle beam 5 installation be the face of adopting cut install hydraulic support 2 and drag conveyor 1 in the eyes after, manually leave 1.6~1.8 meters group in the place ahead of rib 6, complete wire lath and waste and old i iron or track on the top and after forming false top, carry out, safeguard this space so that lengthening front-axle beam 5 usefulness are installed.After the front-axle beam 5 that will extend was transported to the face of adopting, segmentation was got on the cantilever extension 3 that the front-axle beam 5 that manually will extend is installed to hydraulic support 2 by frame then.
In order to use coal-mining method of the present invention more effective at three soft irregular coal seams, lectotype selection is very important, and following requirement is arranged:
1, the type selecting of hydraulic support and design
(1) low caving coal hydraulic support of employing two column protected type band extensible canopies.Because the top board or the top coal of the most suitable three soft irregular coal seams of two column protected types, can adjust the stress of support by balancing cylinder, support " is not immersed oneself in ".It is lengthening front-axle beam 5 to be installed and can in time lengthening front-axle beam 5 to be stretched out and creep into coal body control top coal or top board in order to help that cantilever extension is arranged.(2) owing to need long lengthening front-axle beam 5 be installed again at cantilever extension 3 front ends, load on load when cantilever extension stretches out above it and the lengthening front-axle beam 5 all will be delivered on the back timber of support by " the drawer mouth " of hydraulic support 2 back timber front ends, therefore the welding of this " drawer mouth ", must be solid and reliable, and must be with the weldering of high-strength alloy steel plate, to guarantee that this " drawer mouth " do not damaged by pressure.(3) adopt the two balancing cylinders of big cylinder diameter, cylinder diameter is not less than 180 millimeters of φ, optimizes the balancing cylinder parameter, and the regulating power that balancing cylinder is made a concerted effort to back timber increases cantilever extension and the lengthening front-axle beam " is not immersed oneself in " to the first control support of top coal or top board.(4) hydraulic support 2 adopts two front rods, single back link structure, helps improving the stability of support, increases the rear portion and puts the coal space, is convenient to the installation and the maintenance of rear portion equipment.(5) to select cylinder diameter for use be the oil cylinder of 125~140 millimeters of φ to cantilever extension hydraulic jack 4, helps the telescopic movable of cantilever extension and lengthening front-axle beam, and its stroke is 600~1000 millimeters, also can control top coal or top board when helping rib 6 wall caving distance.(6) pass oil cylinder and adopt the long push-down of retrodicting, cylinder diameter is 160 millimeters, and stroke is 900 millimeters, and its power of trying to stop people from fighting each other is big, and the base of hydraulic support is longer at this moment in addition, can reduce the specific pressure of support to soft bottom like this.(7) all the sidewalk to be arranged before and after the column of hydraulic support.Because " three is soft " coal seam wall caving is serious, personnel try to stop people from fighting each other, operate coal-winning machine, walking after standing in column, and safety is better, and can also increase the ventilation section.(8) support pattern of the long side guard board of employing integral top beam.Integral top beam is not only simple in structure, the more important thing is to guarantee that support has stronger enabling capabilities and can be equipped with long side guard board roof of head face; Long side guard board can extend the back timber front end, can effectively prevent to leak between frame coal.(9) because the top board and the top coal of three-soft seam are very broken, its pressure ratio concentrates on the first half of hydraulic support back timber, therefore it is very high to require on the hydraulic support back timber the counter-bending and shear strength in this cross section of needling to require, and all needs to weld high-intensity gusset before and after this cross section and improves its intensity.
2, the type selecting of coal-winning machine and drag conveyor
(1) should select for use and cut a dark little coal-winning machine, generally cut and select 600 millimeters deeply, cut the dark little degree of depth that can reduce coal wall caving, help controlling soft top coal or top board; The power of coal-winning machine does not need too big, and general 350~500KW is just enough, and power is a little bit smaller, and its fuselage is also just not too high, helps controlling mining height, and this also can reduce the degree of depth of coal wall caving.(2) drag conveyor 1 should be selected less and the double speed drag conveyor that power of motor is bigger of intermediate channel groove width for use, as the double speed drag conveyor of SGZ-630/400; The intermediate channel groove width is less, and it can reduce unsupported back span, and this also can reduce the degree of depth of coal wall caving; The intermediate channel groove width is less and power of motor is bigger, is difficult for killing drag conveyor like this under the wall caving serious situation.Adopt double-speed motor then to be because its startability is good.
Because three-soft seam coal wall caving, in order to reduce to form the distance on empty top because of wall caving, all need be pulled through hydraulic support 2 in advance during coal mining, just normal supporting state is that drag conveyor 1 is near rib 6, and hydraulic support 2 is again near drag conveyor 1 (as shown in Figure 1).The order of the place ahead coal cutting is: the coal-winning machine coal cutting, rib 6 wall caving inward immediately, advance cherry coal wall 6 li remove control top board or top coal (as shown in Figure 2) cantilever extension 3, lengthening front-axle beam 5 with cantilever extension hydraulic jack 4 this moment, behind coal-winning machine, progressively drag conveyor 1 is moved by rib 6 again, moving hydraulic support 2 forward again, this moment, the cantilever extension hydraulic jack 4 was in retracted mode again, carried out rear caving coal in the place that moves past hydraulic support 2, and it is the same with common caving coal operation to put the coal operation.Repeat above-mentioned steps and can finish the coal mining process.
Embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the foregoing description, and the various variations of making under the prerequisite that does not break away from aim of the present invention all belong within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
- Three-soft seam lengthening front-axle beam combine adopt, the mining coal-mining method, it is characterized in that: the lengthening front-axle beam is installed at the front end of the cantilever extension of comprehensive mining hydraulic bracket, the hydraulic jack of cantilever extension stretches out after the coal-winning machine coal cutting, the part of lengthening front-axle beam front end is stretched in the rib, allow the lengthening front-axle beam support top board or top coal, behind coal-winning machine, progressively drag conveyor is moved by rib then, moving hydraulic support forward again, this moment, the hydraulic jack of cantilever extension was in retracted mode again; Carry out rear caving coal in the place that moves past hydraulic support.
- 2. three-soft seam lengthening front-axle beam according to claim 1 is combined and is adopted, the mining coal-mining method, it is characterized in that: the installation of described lengthening front-axle beam be the face of adopting cut install hydraulic support and drag conveyor in the eyes after, leave 1.6~1.8 meters group in rib the place ahead, complete wire lath and waste and old i iron or track on the top to form false top, after the front-axle beam that will extend was transported to the face of adopting, segmentation was got on the cantilever extension that the front-axle beam that manually will extend is installed to hydraulic support by frame then.
- Three-soft seam lengthening front-axle beam combine adopt, the mining coal excavation apparatus, comprise coal-winning machine, drag conveyor (1) and hydraulic support (2), at the front end of hydraulic support (2) cantilever extension (3) and cantilever extension hydraulic jack (4) are housed; Cantilever extension (3) and cantilever extension hydraulic jack (4) connect by pin, it is characterized in that: lengthening front-axle beam (5) is installed on the front end of cantilever extension (3), and the tail end of lengthening front-axle beam (5) and the front end of cantilever extension (3) link.
- 4. three-soft seam lengthening front-axle beam according to claim 3 is combined and is adopted, the mining coal excavation apparatus, and it is characterized in that: described lengthening front-axle beam (5) is to be connected on the cantilever extension (3) by bolt.
- 5. three-soft seam lengthening front-axle beam according to claim 4 is combined and is adopted, the mining coal excavation apparatus, it is characterized in that: have horizontal connection holes (7) on the steel plate of the latter half of vertical plane of described lengthening front-axle beam (5); Tail end at lengthening front-axle beam (5) is welded with buckle (8), has vertical hold-down apertures (9) on buckle (8); Lengthening front-axle beam (5) is fixed by bolts on the cantilever extension (3) by horizontal connection holes (7) and vertical hold-down apertures (9).
- 6. three-soft seam lengthening front-axle beam according to claim 3 is combined and is adopted, the mining coal excavation apparatus, and it is characterized in that: it is that 125~140 millimeters of φ, stroke are 600~1000 millimeters oil cylinder that described cantilever extension hydraulic jack (4) is selected cylinder diameter for use.
- 7. three-soft seam according to claim 3 lengthening front-axle beam is combined and adopted, the mining coal excavation apparatus, it is characterized in that: described coal-winning machine selects that to cut dark be 600 millimeters for use, and power is the coal-winning machine of 350~500KW.
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CN102251788A (en) * | 2011-06-28 | 2011-11-23 | 河南理工大学 | Hydraulic shield type support for mining steeply inclined coal seam |
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CN103670416A (en) * | 2013-12-31 | 2014-03-26 | 大同煤矿集团有限责任公司 | Method for rapidly and stably arranging equipment on fully mechanized coal mining face |
CN104265291A (en) * | 2014-07-22 | 2015-01-07 | 天地科技股份有限公司 | Comprehensive mechanized coal mining method of steeply inclined and extremely thick coal seam planing conveyor |
CN105422147A (en) * | 2015-12-21 | 2016-03-23 | 西山煤电(集团)有限责任公司 | Lengthened top beam structure for end bracket |
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