CN101662052A - Lead acid battery charging method and device - Google Patents
Lead acid battery charging method and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN101662052A CN101662052A CN200910157415A CN200910157415A CN101662052A CN 101662052 A CN101662052 A CN 101662052A CN 200910157415 A CN200910157415 A CN 200910157415A CN 200910157415 A CN200910157415 A CN 200910157415A CN 101662052 A CN101662052 A CN 101662052A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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Abstract
The invention relates to a lead acid battery charging method and a device. The lead acid battery charging device charges a lead acid battery, wherein a constant current pulse power is used for charging the lead acid battery; the pulse current Ip of the constant current pulse power is larger than the discharging current If of the lead acid battery when a backup power works; moreover, the pulse current Ip is more than 0.1 C; and C is the nominal capacity of the lead acid battery. The lead acid battery charging method comprises the steps of adopting the pulse current to charge, and adjusting theduty factor of the pulse current according to the voltage of the battery to realize the average charging current variation at different charging periods, and reduce the water loss in the charging process. Meanwhile, charging under a large enough pulse current can eliminate the acid corrosion and oxide precipitate occurring at the bottom part of the battery caused by the long term fixation of the lead acid battery. The invention adopts the form of regularly supplementing to replace the traditional floating charging at constant voltage, which reduces the phenomena caused by long term floating charging such as water loss of the lead acid battery, unit cell unbalance of battery and the like, and prolongs the service life of the lead acid battery.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the battery charge field, particularly back-up source charging lead-acid cells method and apparatus.
Technical background:
The lead-acid battery main energy storage device of power supply in support is widely used in visual plant, facility or the building of all trades and professions.
From 1972, U.S. scientist Maas was since having proposed famous Maas three laws in second world's electric automobile annual meeting, and charging lead-acid cells just on this basis.No matter be early stage constant voltage charge, still recent syllogic charging, or theoretical perfect not enough pulse current charge all are to be based upon on the Maas three law bases.Maas three laws, ability to accept when disclosing the lead-acid battery charging, but, but can't solve the bottom acid corrosion (being commonly called as mashed root) that the inside battery sulfuric acid concentration progressively raises under the long-term floating charge situation, the uneven single lattice capacity that occurs of the inner self discharge of lead-acid battery is unbalance and sulfuric acid sinks to forming.
The charging method that the present invention proposes is relied on Maas three laws, adopts bigger pulse current charge, to break through battery pole plates sulfuration gradient from top to bottom, the nethermost sulfide of battery is fully reduced.Adopt the regularly mode of boost charge, avoid the long-term floating charge of lead-acid battery, reduce the battery dehydration, simultaneously, it is unbalance to break single lattice capacity that self-discharge of battery causes.
Summary of the invention:
According to an aspect of the present invention, a kind of lead-acid cell charge method is provided, wherein described lead-acid battery is charged with the constant-current pulse power supply, lead-acid battery discharging current If when the pulse current Ip of described constant-current pulse power supply works greater than back-up source, it is characterized in that pulse current Ip＞0.1C, C is the nominal capacity of lead-acid battery.
Charging process of the present invention adopts pulse current charge, and the duty ratio according to cell voltage adjustment pulse current realizes the average electrorheologicalization of charging of different charging stages, reduces the dehydration of charging process.Simultaneously, enough big pulse current charge is eliminated lead-acid battery because of leaving standstill acid corrosion and the oxidate that appears at battery bottom for a long time.The present invention adopts the mode of regularly replenishing to replace traditional constant voltage floating charge, reduces phenomenons such as long-term floating charge causes ground lead-acid battery dehydration, cell negative terminal is unbalance, prolongs the lead-acid battery life-span.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 illustrates the block diagram of lead-acid battery charging device of the present invention;
The schematic diagram that charging current is modulated when Fig. 2 illustrates according to the present invention lead-acid battery charged.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 illustrates the block diagram of lead-acid battery charging device of the present invention.
This charging device charges to lead-acid battery 104, wherein charge with 103 pairs of described lead-acid batteries of constant-current pulse power supply, lead-acid battery discharging current If when the pulse current Ip of described constant-current pulse power supply 103 works greater than back-up source, and pulse current Ip＞0.1C, C are the nominal capacity of lead-acid battery.
Lead-acid battery charging device of the present invention may further include detecting unit 101, control unit 102.
Detecting unit 101 is used to check the voltage of described lead-acid battery, thereby the voltage VB of lead-acid battery 104 is monitored in real time.
Control unit 102 is used to modulate described constant-current pulse power supply, and according to the cell voltage VB that detecting unit 101 is checked through the duty ratio of constant-current pulse power supply is modulated, and modulated drive signal is DRV.The switch of drive signal DRV control constant-current pulse power supply is to control the constant-current pulse power supply to the charging lead-acid cells process.
The schematic diagram that charging current is modulated when Fig. 2 illustrates according to the present invention lead-acid battery charged.Wherein, pulse current is Ip, and the pulse current width is Tc, and a charge cycle is T.
Charge cycle
I wherein
PBe pulse current, I
CBe charging average current, T
CWidth for pulse current.
The size of lead-acid battery discharging current If required Ip 〉=If when the size of pulse current Ip depended on back-up source work, and Ip＞0.1C, C are the nominal capacity of lead-acid battery.
The rate of rise of lead-acid battery voltage when the width Tc of pulse current depends on charging, as shown in Figure 2.When voltage rises when slowing down, promptly rate of rise dV/dt equals or near before 0, the inside battery chemical potential will be tending towards before the maximum, so control unit 102 is closed the charging current of constant-current pulse power supply.Like this dehydration in the charging process is reduced to minimum.
The width of Tc is relevant with the inner sulfuric acid concentration of lead-acid battery, and is also promptly relevant with lead-acid battery charging degree of filling.Along with the carrying out of charging, Tc will reduce gradually, and when Tc was worth less than certain, battery was full of.Dynamic, real-time battery charge degree is like this judged, can satisfy the lead-acid battery charging of different temperatures, the different time of making the product and different manufacturing process.
In addition, can carry out step charge, this process below is described in detail in detail lead-acid battery.
1, precharge:
When deep discharge appearred in the lead-acid battery of back-up source, cell voltage was lower, and internal resistance is bigger.Softening and hot dehydration occur for fear of the battery pole plates heating, need to reduce the average current of charging.The described constant-current pulse power supply of described control unit 102 modulation is lower than 2.0V at the lead-acid battery cell tension, and the average current Ic of charging is:
Ic＝Ip·Tc/T≤0.05C，
Wherein, C is the nominal capacity of battery, and cell voltage is as the criterion before opening with pulse current.
Charge cycle
I wherein
PBe pulse current, I
CBe charging average current, T
CWidth for pulse current.
2, middle charging:
The described constant-current pulse power supply of described control unit 102 modulation is higher than 2.0V and when being lower than 2.35V, the average current Ic of charging is at the lead-acid battery cell tension:
0.1C≤IC＝IP·Tc/T≤0.2C
3, boost charge:
When cell negative terminal voltage was higher than 2.35V, charging entered a large amount of gassing voltages of battery, and this moment, the average current Ic of charging was:
Ic=IpTc/T≤0.05C, C are the nominal capacity of battery;
After entering boost charge, charge cycle T no longer changes, when the average current that replenishes drops to
Ic=IpTc/T≤0.01C～0.025C C is the nominal capacity of battery, is judged as battery charge and is full of, and finishes battery charge.
As control I
P, I
CDuring for steady state value, T direct ratio T
CAnd T
CCarry out with battery charge ground, diminish gradually, therefore, T is also diminishing gradually, has so just guaranteed that the average current of charging is invariable.Precharge and middle charging are that the average current constant of charging is constant.
When entering boost charge, at first determine an initial T value according to Ic=IpTc/T≤0.05C, this T value is no longer with T
CReduce, so the average current I of charging
CTo reduce gradually, when reaching complete charge criterion (Ic=IpTc/T≤0.01C～0.025C C is the nominal capacity of battery), complete charge.
Regularly replenish:
In addition, the described constant-current pulse power supply of described control unit 102 modulation, be full of electricity back charge closing device at lead-acid battery, descend at lead-acid battery self discharge capacity and with interior lead-acid battery is charged, promptly adopt 1～5 day at interval regularly once the lead-acid battery charging less than 10% to back-up source.
Lead-acid battery exists self-discharge phenomenon, and static battery capacity as time passes descends gradually.In order to overcome self discharge, guarantee the back-up source operate as normal, traditional back-up source charger all adopts constant voltage floating charge, remedies the capacity decline that self-discharge of battery causes with little floating current.This mode requires the float charge voltage must be very accurate because 3% float charge voltage error, will make shorter battery life half.Battery float voltage is relevant with the sulfuric acid concentration of battery, and the high more float charge voltage of concentration is also high more.Therefore, different producers, battery newness degree, ambient temperature etc. all make the lead-acid battery float charge voltage accurately to judge, Here it is must traditional floating charge pattern can't guarantee battery life.Simultaneously, charge efficiency is low under the floating charge state, and energy waste is serious, does not also meet the environmental protection and energy saving requirement.
When the self discharge capacity of battery descends less than 2%/sky, think that battery is normal.10% descends with interior capacity can not draw the operate as normal of ringing back-up source, therefore, adopts and regularly lead-acid battery is charged once at interval in 1～5 day, not only can satisfy the back-up source requirements of one's work, simultaneously, cut down the consumption of energy, extend the life of a cell, reach the purpose of environmental protection and energy saving.
Lead-acid cell charge method of the present invention below is described.
Lead-acid cell charge method of the present invention charges to described lead-acid battery with the constant-current pulse power supply, lead-acid battery discharging current If when the pulse current Ip of described constant-current pulse power supply works greater than back-up source, it is characterized in that pulse current Ip＞0.1C, C is the nominal capacity of lead-acid battery.
In addition, lead-acid cell charge method of the present invention further comprises the voltage that detects described lead-acid battery, modulates described constant-current pulse power supply, make pulse current the rate of rise dV/dt of lead-acid battery voltage equal or near 0 before, charge closing.
In addition, lead-acid cell charge method of the present invention further comprises the described constant-current pulse power supply of modulation, is lower than 2.0V at the lead-acid battery cell tension, and the average current Ic of charging is:
Ic＝Ip·Tc/T≤0.05C，
Wherein, C is the nominal capacity of battery, and cell voltage is as the criterion before opening with pulse current,
Charge cycle
I wherein
PBe pulse current, I
CBe charging average current, T
CWidth for pulse current;
When the lead-acid battery cell tension was higher than 2.0V and is lower than 2.35V, the average current Ic of charging was: 0.1C≤Ic=IpTc/T≤0.2C
When the lead-acid battery cell tension was higher than 2.35V, the average current Ic of charging was:
Ic=IpTc/T≤0.05C, C are the nominal capacity of battery;
After entering boost charge, charge cycle T no longer changes, and when the average current that replenishes drops to Ic=IpTc/T≤0.01C～0.025C, C is the nominal capacity of battery, is judged as battery charge and is full of, and finishes battery charge.
In addition, lead-acid cell charge method of the present invention further comprises the described constant-current pulse power supply of modulation, be full of electricity back charge closing device at lead-acid battery to back-up source, with interior lead-acid battery is charged less than 10% in the decline of lead-acid battery self discharge capacity, promptly adopt 1～5 day at interval regularly once the lead-acid battery charging.
More than the present invention is described in detail.Should be appreciated that foregoing description is schematically, but not be used to limit the present invention.Those of ordinary skill in the art can carry out various modifications on the basis of foregoing description, these modifications should belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. lead-acid cell charge method, wherein described lead-acid battery is charged with the constant-current pulse power supply, lead-acid battery discharging current If is characterized in that pulse current Ip＞0.1C when the pulse current Ip of described constant-current pulse power supply worked greater than back-up source, and C is the nominal capacity of lead-acid battery.
2. according to the lead-acid cell charge method of claim 1, it is characterized in that:
Detect the voltage of described lead-acid battery, the rate of rise dV/dt of lead-acid battery voltage equal or near 0 before, close the charging current of constant-current pulse power supply.
3. according to the lead-acid cell charge method of claim 1, it is characterized in that:
Modulate described constant-current pulse power supply, be lower than 2.0V at the lead-acid battery cell tension, the average current Ic of charging is:
Ic＝Ip·Tc/T≤0.05C，
Wherein, C is the nominal capacity of battery, and cell voltage is as the criterion before opening with pulse current,
Charge cycle
I wherein
PBe pulse current, I
CBe charging average current, T
CWidth for pulse current;
When the lead-acid battery cell tension was higher than 2.0V and is lower than 2.35V, the average current Ic of charging was: 0.1C≤Ic=IpTc/T≤0.2C
When the lead-acid battery cell tension was higher than 2.35V, the average current Ic of charging was:
Ic=IpTc/T≤0.05C, C are the nominal capacity of battery;
After entering boost charge, charge cycle T is not changing, and when the average current that replenishes drops to Ic=IpTc/T≤0.01C～0.025C, C is the nominal capacity of battery, is judged as battery charge and is full of, and finishes battery charge.
4. according to the lead-acid cell charge method of claim 1, it is characterized in that:
Modulate described constant-current pulse power supply, be full of electricity back charge closing device, descend at lead-acid battery self discharge capacity and with interior lead-acid battery is charged, promptly adopt 1～5 day at interval regularly once the lead-acid battery charging less than 10% at lead-acid battery to back-up source.
5. lead-acid battery charging device, wherein described lead-acid battery is charged with the constant-current pulse power supply, lead-acid battery discharging current If is characterized in that pulse current Ip＞0.1C when the pulse current Ip of described constant-current pulse power supply worked greater than back-up source, and C is the nominal capacity of lead-acid battery.
6. according to the lead-acid battery charging device of claim 5, it is characterized in that further comprising:
Voltage detection unit is used to check the voltage of described lead-acid battery,
Control unit, be used for the rate of rise dV/dt of lead-acid battery voltage equal or near 0 before, close the charging current of constant-current pulse power supply.
7. according to the lead-acid battery charging device of claim 5, it is characterized in that:
Described control unit is modulated described constant-current pulse power supply, is lower than 2.0V at the lead-acid battery cell tension, and the average current Ic of charging is:
Ic＝Ip·Tc/T≤0.05C，
Wherein, C is the nominal capacity of battery, and cell voltage is as the criterion before opening with pulse current,
Charge cycle
I wherein
PBe pulse current, I
CBe charging average current, T
CWidth for pulse current;
When the lead-acid battery cell tension was higher than 2.0V and is lower than 2.35V, the average current Ic of charging was: 0.1C≤Ic=IpTc/T≤0.2C
When the lead-acid battery cell tension was higher than 2.35V, the average current Ic of charging was:
Ic=IpTc/T≤0.05C, C are the nominal capacity of battery;
After entering boost charge, charge cycle T is not changing, and when the average current that replenishes drops to Ic=IpTc/T≤0.01C～0.025C, C is the nominal capacity of battery, is judged as battery charge and is full of, and finishes battery charge.
8. according to the lead-acid battery charging device of claim 5, it is characterized in that:
Described control unit is modulated described constant-current pulse power supply, be full of electricity back charge closing device at lead-acid battery to back-up source, with interior lead-acid battery is charged less than 10% in the decline of lead-acid battery self discharge capacity, promptly adopt 1～5 day at interval regularly once the lead-acid battery charging.
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| CN200910157415A CN101662052A (en) | 2009-07-28 | 2009-07-28 | Lead acid battery charging method and device |
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| CN200910157415A CN101662052A (en) | 2009-07-28 | 2009-07-28 | Lead acid battery charging method and device |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104242408A (en) * | 2014-10-08 | 2014-12-24 | 上海锦鹏科技有限公司 | Lead-acid battery management instrument with intervention in charging modes |
| CN107819165A (en) * | 2017-10-27 | 2018-03-20 | 神龙汽车有限公司 | A kind of charging method of automobile using power shortage lead-acid accumulator |
| CN111766523A (en) * | 2020-07-09 | 2020-10-13 | 东莞塔菲尔新能源科技有限公司 | Method and device for determining charging strategy of lithium ion battery |
| CN112224023A (en) * | 2020-10-15 | 2021-01-15 | 中车唐山机车车辆有限公司 | High-speed motor train unit storage battery charging protection method |
-
2009
- 2009-07-28 CN CN200910157415A patent/CN101662052A/en active Pending
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104242408A (en) * | 2014-10-08 | 2014-12-24 | 上海锦鹏科技有限公司 | Lead-acid battery management instrument with intervention in charging modes |
| CN107819165A (en) * | 2017-10-27 | 2018-03-20 | 神龙汽车有限公司 | A kind of charging method of automobile using power shortage lead-acid accumulator |
| CN111766523A (en) * | 2020-07-09 | 2020-10-13 | 东莞塔菲尔新能源科技有限公司 | Method and device for determining charging strategy of lithium ion battery |
| CN111766523B (en) * | 2020-07-09 | 2022-01-14 | 东莞塔菲尔新能源科技有限公司 | Method and device for determining charging strategy of lithium ion battery |
| CN112224023A (en) * | 2020-10-15 | 2021-01-15 | 中车唐山机车车辆有限公司 | High-speed motor train unit storage battery charging protection method |
| CN112224023B (en) * | 2020-10-15 | 2022-06-28 | 中车唐山机车车辆有限公司 | High-speed motor train unit storage battery charging protection method |
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