CN101660606B - Combined locking mechanism for shifting between master and slave boxes in mechanical transmission - Google Patents
Combined locking mechanism for shifting between master and slave boxes in mechanical transmission Download PDFInfo
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- CN101660606B CN101660606B CN200910190907A CN200910190907A CN101660606B CN 101660606 B CN101660606 B CN 101660606B CN 200910190907 A CN200910190907 A CN 200910190907A CN 200910190907 A CN200910190907 A CN 200910190907A CN 101660606 B CN101660606 B CN 101660606B
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- declutch shift
- lock pin
- shift shaft
- shelves
- forward gears
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Abstract
The invention discloses a combined locking mechanism for shifting between master and slave boxes in a mechanical transmission, which comprises a times-gears fork shaft, two forward-gear fork shafts parallel with the same, a locking pin perpendicular to the three shafts, and two steel balls. A structure with an upper end pushed for locking on the locking pin and a circular groove for unlocking, which are key components of the mechanism, can be both turned sequentially by multiple process steps after clamped once on a lathe. As special cutters and a plurality of work fixtures as well as excessive working procedures are saved during the processing of the inventive mechanism, and as the locking pins all can be processed after clamped once on the lathe to improve product percents of pass, the aggregate cost of the inventive mechanism is greatly reduced, which is at most 70% of the prior locking mechanism after an initial estimation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to be used for the lockable mechanism of shifting between master and slave boxes in the combined mechanical transmission of heavy-duty car.
Background technique
The loading mass of heavy-duty car is big, and service condition is complicated, and desire guarantees that heavy-duty car has good power character, Economy and acceleration, except that still adopting the mechanical transmission, also need improve its gear range and increase its gear number.For the structure of avoiding mechanical transmission too complicated be convenient to producing in serial form, adopt combined mechanical transmission more.Combined mechanical transmission is also becoming the main pattern that heavy-duty car adopts at present.
In the combined mechanical transmission, the normal back odd-side that adopts doubles the main tank gear, is called doubly shelves; Odd-side interleaves into gear at existing gear before normal the employing, makes the difference between gear littler, is called stepping (this patent only is used for the back odd-side of combined mechanical transmission and the locking of main tank gear shift).In main tank, have two parallel and can make the forward gears declutch shift shaft of synchronization-sliding operation, these two forward gears declutch shift shafts when doing the slippage operation, drive shift fork on it stir the forward gears synchronizer, to carry out the automobile gear-change operation in the process that advances; In the odd-side of back; The parallel doubly shelves declutch shift shaft that also can do the slippage operation with the forward gears declutch shift shaft is arranged; This times shelves declutch shift shaft is being done slippage when operation, drives shift fork on it and stirs synchronizer, the gear number when increasing (or under increase situation, withdrawing from) automobile and advance gear-change operation in the process (carry out what is called doubly shelves operate).Can carry out gear-change operation to main tank separately in the back during odd-side gearing in; When needs carry out doubly the shelves operation, according to back odd-side gear shift preceding, main tank gear shift after order substep ground independent operation.If engage a gear is too fast, back odd-side does not have gearing in just to the main tank gear shift, then can aggravate the wearing and tearing of synchronizer in this speed changer, causes descend the working life of synchronizer.So; In this combined mechanical transmission; Two lockable mechanisms that the forward gears declutch shift shaft temporarily locks in just having additional in carrying out doubly the shelves operating process main tank, the key member in this lockable mechanism are perpendicular to shelves declutch shift shaft doubly and advance the lock pin of grade declutch shift shaft.Structure when existing lock pin carries out the locking operation; All process (with reference to figure 1) through milling---existing lock pin 3 ' front end mill out the convexity 30 on a band inclined-plane '; Doubly having and this convexity 30 ' corresponding pit that also has respective ramp on the shelves declutch shift shaft; Operate and do not have under the state of gearing in when carrying out doubly shelves at odd-side through the shelves declutch shift shaft that slides doubly; The convexity 30 of this lock pin front end ' under the effect of Returnning spring falls into doubly the pit corresponding with it on the shelves declutch shift shaft fully; After continue moving doubly the shelves declutch shift shaft and then making the odd-side gearing in, along with the moving of this times shelves declutch shift shaft, through two relative inclined-planes the convexity 30 of lock pin front end ' from corresponding pit, release, and then drive lock pin itself is mobile.Intersection at this lock pin and two forward gears declutch shift shafts; Two grooves that mill out through at least two operations are all arranged; Arc groove a 31 ' part that is complementary with the external diameter circle of corresponding forward gears declutch shift shaft is all arranged in each groove; Under the state of odd-side gearing in, the external diameter of two forward gears declutch shift shafts circle is identical with corresponding arc groove 31 ' part, promptly they can within the arc groove 31 ' part of correspondence, carry out move operation, to carry out the main tank gear shift.In two grooves of this lock pin, be close to its arc groove 31 ' partly, through milling retained each locking tongue 32 ', the radius of arc that is milled away part is not less than corresponding forward gears declutch shift shaft external diameter radius of a circle; At the corresponding position of two forward gears declutch shift shafts a lock groove with its locking tongue 32 ' coupling is arranged respectively.In the convexity 30 of lock pin front end ' fall into fully doubly on the shelves declutch shift shaft under the state of corresponding pit; Each locking tongue 32 ' all be inserted in the corresponding lock groove; Also promptly carrying out doubly shelves operation through times shelves declutch shift shaft that slides and do not having under the state of gearing at odd-side; This forward gears declutch shift shaft all can not be carried out the main tank gear-change operation by locking tongue 32 ' pinning, thereby has reduced the wearing and tearing of synchronizer in this speed changer, has prolonged working life.Certainly; For preventing the too short purpose that can not reach the wearing and tearing of minimizing synchronizer of locking time; With the pit on the convexity 30 of the lock pin 3 ' front end ' corresponding times shelves declutch shift shaft, its effective control section has sufficient length along the axial direction of this times shelves declutch shift shaft.Yet; Just because of this lock pin carries out the locking structure in when operation, all process through milling, so; For guaranteeing the precision and the quality of fit thereof of relative dimensions itself; Just must design and manufacture special-purpose milling cutter and a series of frock, anchor clamps, so, cutter, frock, anchor clamps cost just will inevitably strengthen; And; The Milling Process of whole lock pin; Can only be divided into several operations to it and accomplish, the clamping times of workpiece in process equipment is also more, so; Not only time cost has increased, and maybe be also can because of clamping times too much influence workpiece accurate location, cause actual machining accuracy to descend.In brief, the structure of existing lock pin itself determined, not only the overall cost of its acceptable product is higher but also to produce the possibility of waste product also bigger.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is,, a kind of structure of its key member lock pin is provided, can bring the lockable mechanism of shifting between master and slave boxes in the product percent of pass combined mechanical transmission high, comprehensively low cost of manufacture to deficiency of the prior art.
Technological scheme of the present invention is the lockable mechanism of shifting between master and slave boxes in a kind of like this combined mechanical transmission.The aspect identical with existing technology be, this lockable mechanism comprises shelves declutch shift shaft doubly, parallel with this times shelves declutch shift shaft two forward gears declutch shift shafts and perpendicular to the lock pin of these three axles; The inner fovea part that the band inclined-plane is being arranged on shelves declutch shift shaft doubly is equipped with Returnning spring at the afterbody of lock pin, under this action of reset spring, the front end of this lock pin can be against on this times shelves declutch shift shaft within the bottom of recess; Make slide and released the front end of this lock pin fully under the state of its inner fovea part by the inclined-plane in its inner fovea part at this times shelves declutch shift shaft, the forward gears declutch shift shaft is in the state that can carry out slide; Be against at the front end of this lock pin under the state of bottom of the inner fovea part on this times shelves declutch shift shaft; Be positioned at the lockings structure of and the coupling corresponding on this lock pin, pin these two forward gears declutch shift shafts and placed restrictions on their move operation with two forward gears declutch shift shafts.Its improvements are that the front end of lock pin of the present invention is that its top is the cone of sphere; Between two forward gears declutch shift shafts and lock pin, be equipped with moreover all be the dividing plate of Spielpassung state with this, on this dividing plate with these two forward gears declutch shift shafts and lock pin simultaneously opposite position two bullports are arranged; Each steel ball is installed in these two bullports with being the Spielpassung state, the circular cone hole that can hold 1/4～1/3 steel ball is arranged at these two forward gears declutch shift shafts and this steel ball corresponding part; Locking structure on the lock pin of the present invention; Be two sections cylndrical surface on this lock pin; Be against at the cone of lock pin front end under the state of bottom of the inner fovea part on the shelves declutch shift shaft doubly, in the circular cone of these two steel ball roof pressures on two forward gears declutch shift shafts cheated in these two sections cylndrical surface; Be close to the annular groove that two circle tapers are arranged on this lock pins of this two sections cylndrical surface; Made the doubly shelves declutch shift shaft of doubly shelves operation releases under the state of the inner fovea part on it at the cone of this lock pin front end; Steel ball can be when two forward gears declutch shift shafts are made move operation be released in from it the circular cone hole, and the part that this steel ball surpasses block board thickness is positioned at the annular groove that two on this lock pin encloses taper.
From scheme, can find out, key member in the lockable mechanism of the present invention---lock pin, the annular groove of its front end, its locking structure and its circle taper all is to divide the turning successively of several work steps to come out on the lathe once behind the clamping.Compared with prior art; (member that plays guiding, position-limiting action in dividing plate and the existing technology is suitable though the present invention has increased by two steel balls; Can not increase at last), but owing in course of working, having saved dedicated tool, saved a large amount of frock clampings, having saved too much operation; Again owing to this lock pin can once accomplish behind the clamping on the lathe its all processing improved product percent of pass.So its overall cost greatly reduces on the contrary, through initial estimate, compared with prior art, overall cost of the present invention can descend at least 30%.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is further described.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the shaft side figure (for demonstrating concrete structure, this shaft side figure is with respect to the upset back, mounting point of Fig. 2 and the several angle that tilted) of existing lock pin
Fig. 2 is the shaft side figure of lock pin of the present invention under installment state (clear for map sheet, be convenient to identification, omit and drawn Returnning spring and play the member of guiding, position-limiting action with some)
Fig. 3 for the A among Fig. 2 to (amplifications) sectional drawing (doubly a grade declutch shift shaft is in the odd-side position of gearing in not as yet)
Fig. 4 for the A among Fig. 2 to (amplifications) sectional drawing (doubly a grade declutch shift shaft is in the odd-side position of gearing in)
Fig. 5 be among Fig. 3 B to view a kind of tectonic maps of declutch shift shaft (doubly shelves)
Fig. 6 schemes for Fig. 5 look up (biopsy cavity marker devices)
Fig. 7 is times another kind of tectonic maps (identical with Fig. 5 projecting direction) of shelves declutch shift shaft
Embodiment
The lockable mechanism of shifting between master and slave boxes in a kind of combined mechanical transmission (comparison diagram 1 is with reference to figure 2,3,4).This lockable mechanism comprises doubly shelves declutch shift shaft 4, parallel with this times shelves declutch shift shaft 4 two forward gears declutch shift shafts 5 and perpendicular to the lock pin 3 of these three axles; Doubly on the shelves declutch shift shaft 4 inner fovea part of being with the inclined-plane is being arranged; Afterbody at lock pin 3 is equipped with Returnning spring 2 (in this embodiment; One end of this Returnning spring 2 is mounted in the hole of lock pin 3 afterbodys; Its other end is supported on the housing 1 of this speed changer), under 2 effects of this Returnning spring, the front end of this lock pin 3 can be against on this times shelves declutch shift shaft 4 within the bottom of recess; Make slide and released the front end of this lock pin 3 fully under the state of its inner fovea part by the inclined-plane in its inner fovea part at this times shelves declutch shift shaft 4, forward gears declutch shift shaft 5 is in the state that can carry out slide; Be against at the front end of this lock pin 3 under the state of bottom of the inner fovea part on this times shelves declutch shift shaft 4; Be positioned at the lockings structure of and the coupling corresponding on this lock pin 3, pin these two forward gears declutch shift shafts 5 and placed restrictions on their move operation with two forward gears declutch shift shafts 5.In the present invention, the front end of lock pin 3, be its top be sphere cone 30 (also promptly with this cone 30 substituted existing lock pin 3 ' on the band inclined-plane convexity 30 '); Between two forward gears declutch shift shafts 5 and lock pin 3, be equipped with moreover all be the dividing plate 8 of Spielpassung state with this, on this dividing plate 8 with these two forward gears declutch shift shafts 5 and lock pin 3 simultaneously opposite position two bullports are arranged; Each steel ball 7 is installed in these two bullports with being the Spielpassung state, the circular cone hole that can hold 1/4～1/3 steel ball 7 is arranged in these two forward gears declutch shift shafts 5 and these steel ball 7 corresponding parts; Locking structure on the lock pin 3 of the present invention; Be on this lock pin 3 two sections cylndrical surface 32 (also promptly with this cylndrical surface 32 substituted existing lock pin 3 ' on locking tongue 32 '); Be against at the cone 30 of lock pin 3 front ends under the state of bottom of the inner fovea part on the shelves declutch shift shaft 4 doubly; These two sections cylndrical surface 32 are (also promptly just in odd-side, carrying out doubly shelves operation this moment in the circular cone hole of these two steel ball 7 roof pressures on two forward gears declutch shift shafts 5; And do not allow in main tank, to advance gear-change operation---with reference to figure 3, the arrow among Fig. 3 on the lock pin 3 is illustrated under the effect of Returnning spring 2, the movement direction of this lock pin 3); Be close to annular groove 31 that two circle tapers are arranged on this lock pins 3 of this two sections cylndrical surface 32 (also promptly with this annular groove 31 substituted existing lock pin 3 ' on arc groove 31 '); Release at the doubly shelves declutch shift shaft 4 that the cone of these lock pin 3 front ends 30 is done doubly shelves operation under the state of the inner fovea part on it (promptly under Returnning spring 2 compressed states); Steel ball 7 can be when two forward gears declutch shift shafts 5 be made move operation release in from it the circular cone hole; The part that this steel ball 7 surpasses dividing plate 8 thickness is arranged in the annular groove 31 of the circle of two on this lock pin 3 taper and (has also promptly accomplished doubly shelves operation or need not carry out doubly shelves operation this moment at odd-side; And the gear-change operation that can in main tank, advance---with reference to figure 4, the movement direction the when arrow among Fig. 4 on the lock pin 3 representes that this lock pin 3 is pushed out the process of the inner fovea part on the shelves declutch shift shaft 4 doubly).
Those skilled in the art are fully aware of; The dividing plate of mentioning among the present invention 8 is not need to be provided with separately under normal conditions; Can (during position suitable also should) utilize the corresponding part of cutting off in existing this case of transmission fully, process bullport at this partitions in partly and get final product.Certainly, under the situation of this bullport inconvenience of processing, also can make dividing plate 8 or former partition part dismountable.Those skilled in the art are fully aware of equally; Said 1/4～1/3 steel ball 7; Measure from its diameter angle; Its concrete numerical value should at first guarantee under the situation of physical dimension with due regard to: after in the circular cone hole of these steel ball 7 roof pressures on forward gears declutch shift shaft 5, locking is lived this forward gears declutch shift shaft 5 reliably; Move and after letting the annular groove 31 of its taper aim at steel balls 7 at shelves declutch shift shaft 4 doubly, can let on the forward gears declutch shift shaft 5 the circular cone hole therefrom release steel ball 7 again reliably.
Further say, for the driving link among the present invention---times shelves declutch shift shaft 4.Design more accurately at the intensity of this times shelves declutch shift shaft 4, the safety factor of rigidity, promptly safety factor is not under the too big situation, and the inner fovea part on this times shelves declutch shift shaft 4 (with reference to figure 5,6) is the rectangle pit 40 on band inclined-plane.Also promptly still to process through milling.
Under the bigger situation of the safety factor of the intensity of this times shelves declutch shift shaft 4, rigidity, the inner fovea part on this times shelves declutch shift shaft 4 (with reference to figure 7), be a circle cone tank 40 '.Also promptly should with shelves declutch shift shaft 4 doubly in clamping, through turning process, further to cut down finished cost.
Obviously; Identical with existing technology; For preventing the too short purpose that can not reach the wearing and tearing of minimizing synchronizer of locking time; Inner fovea part on the doubly shelves declutch shift shaft 4 among the present invention (be above-mentioned rectangle pit 40 or circle cone tank 40 '), its effective control section also has sufficient length along the axial direction of this times shelves declutch shift shaft 4.
Claims (3)
1. the lockable mechanism of shifting between master and slave boxes in the combined mechanical transmission, this lockable mechanism comprise shelves declutch shift shaft (4) doubly, two piece forward gears declutch shift shafts (5) parallel with this times shelves declutch shift shaft (4) and perpendicular to the lock pin (3) of these three axles; The inner fovea part that the band inclined-plane is arranged on said times of shelves declutch shift shaft (4); Afterbody at said lock pin (3) is equipped with Returnning spring (2), this Returnning spring (2) effect down, the front end of this lock pin (3) can be against on said this times shelves declutch shift shaft (4) within the bottom of recess; Make slide and released the front end of this lock pin (3) fully under the state of its inner fovea part by the inclined-plane in its inner fovea part at this times shelves declutch shift shaft (4), said forward gears declutch shift shaft (5) is in the state that can carry out slide; Be against at the front end of this lock pin (3) under the state of bottom of the inner fovea part on this times shelves declutch shift shaft (4); Be positioned at the locking structure of and the coupling corresponding on this lock pin (3), pin these two forward gears declutch shift shafts (5) and placed restrictions on their move operation with two forward gears declutch shift shafts (5); It is characterized in that the front end of said lock pin (3) is that its top is the cone (30) of sphere; Between described two forward gears declutch shift shafts (5) and lock pin (3), be equipped with this moreover all be the dividing plate (8) of Spielpassung state, this dividing plate (8) is gone up with these two forward gears declutch shift shafts (5) and lock pin (3) while opposite position has two bullports; Each steel ball (7) is installed in these two bullports with being the Spielpassung state, the circular cone hole that can hold 1/4～1/3 steel ball (7) is arranged in these two forward gears declutch shift shafts (5) and this steel ball (7) corresponding part; Locking structure on the said lock pin (3); Be the two sections cylndrical surface (32) on this lock pin (3); Be against at the cone (30) of said lock pin (3) front end under the state of bottom of the inner fovea part on the said times of shelves declutch shift shaft (4), these two sections cylndrical surface (32) are in the circular cone hole of this two steel balls (7) roof pressure on described two forward gears declutch shift shafts (5); Be close to the annular groove (31) that two circle tapers are arranged on this lock pins (3) of this two sections cylndrical surface (32); Made the said times of shelves declutch shift shaft (4) of doubly shelves operation releases under the state of the inner fovea part on it at the cone (30) of this lock pin (3) front end; Said steel ball (7) can be released in from it the circular cone hole when making move operation at said two forward gears declutch shift shafts (5), and the part that this steel ball (7) surpasses said dividing plate (8) thickness is positioned at the annular groove (31) that two on this lock pin (3) encloses taper.
2. according to the lockable mechanism of shifting between master and slave boxes in the said combined mechanical transmission of claim 1, it is characterized in that the inner fovea part on the said times of shelves declutch shift shaft (4) is the rectangle pit (40) on band inclined-plane.
3. according to the lockable mechanism of shifting between master and slave boxes in the said combined mechanical transmission of claim 1, it is characterized in that the inner fovea part on the said times of shelves declutch shift shaft (4) is a circle cone tank (40 ').
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200910190907A CN101660606B (en) | 2009-09-21 | 2009-09-21 | Combined locking mechanism for shifting between master and slave boxes in mechanical transmission |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200910190907A CN101660606B (en) | 2009-09-21 | 2009-09-21 | Combined locking mechanism for shifting between master and slave boxes in mechanical transmission |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101660606A CN101660606A (en) | 2010-03-03 |
| CN101660606B true CN101660606B (en) | 2012-10-10 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200910190907A Expired - Fee Related CN101660606B (en) | 2009-09-21 | 2009-09-21 | Combined locking mechanism for shifting between master and slave boxes in mechanical transmission |
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| CN (1) | CN101660606B (en) |
Families Citing this family (10)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101886700A (en) * | 2010-07-17 | 2010-11-17 | 中国重汽集团大同齿轮有限公司 | Mechanically interlocking mechanism of main and auxiliary boxes of speed changer |
| CN102563058A (en) * | 2012-02-09 | 2012-07-11 | 上海三一精机有限公司 | Transmission and numerical-control machine tool |
| CN102756693A (en) * | 2012-07-05 | 2012-10-31 | 长春富维—江森自控汽车饰件***有限公司 | Manual sliding system for armrests of auxiliary fascia consoles |
| CN103591285A (en) * | 2012-08-14 | 2014-02-19 | 天津建筑机械厂 | Interlocking device of rotating shaft and moving shaft |
| CN102886707A (en) * | 2012-10-19 | 2013-01-23 | 无锡市百顺机械厂 | Inter-shaft interlocking mechanism |
| CN103447977B (en) * | 2013-01-07 | 2016-03-30 | 浙江吉利汽车研究院有限公司杭州分公司 | A kind of positioning tool assembling reverse speed fork assembly |
| CN104196999B (en) * | 2014-08-29 | 2016-08-17 | 长城汽车股份有限公司 | A kind of manual gear of vehicle gearshift interlock |
| CN107542923B (en) * | 2016-06-28 | 2019-02-15 | 长城汽车股份有限公司 | Speed changer, transmission control and the positioning locking device for shift fork axle |
| CN110017371A (en) * | 2019-01-30 | 2019-07-16 | 新疆钵施然农业机械科技有限公司 | A kind of gearbox-gear retaining mechanism and cotton picker |
| CN112096857B (en) * | 2020-09-18 | 2021-10-15 | 陕西法士特齿轮有限责任公司 | High-integration-level electric control mechanical automatic transmission |
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| US4936431A (en) * | 1987-11-09 | 1990-06-26 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Shift lever apparatus for automatic transmission |
| EP0940606A2 (en) * | 1998-03-05 | 1999-09-08 | Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft | Locking device for gear shift mechanism |
| DE10019776A1 (en) * | 2000-04-20 | 2001-10-25 | Volkswagen Ag | Multi-stepped speed change gearbox has slide block with detent holes in which engages by axial displacement a guide pin by section with diameter corresponding to detent hole |
| FR2827355A1 (en) * | 2001-07-11 | 2003-01-17 | Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa | Internal control mechanism for gearbox used in road vehicle, uses electromagnet or hydraulic screw, and includes sliding locking pin actuator |
| CN1739995A (en) * | 2004-08-23 | 2006-03-01 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | Vehicle gearshifting locking device with pivoted detent and connecting device |
| CN2844580Y (en) * | 2005-11-15 | 2006-12-06 | 春风控股集团有限公司 | Full-field speed-adjusting operating structure of automobile integrated with parking brake operation function |
| CN101115940A (en) * | 2005-01-04 | 2008-01-30 | 克诺尔商用车制动***有限公司 | Device for activating gearshift forks |
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2009
- 2009-09-21 CN CN200910190907A patent/CN101660606B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4936431A (en) * | 1987-11-09 | 1990-06-26 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Shift lever apparatus for automatic transmission |
| EP0940606A2 (en) * | 1998-03-05 | 1999-09-08 | Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft | Locking device for gear shift mechanism |
| DE10019776A1 (en) * | 2000-04-20 | 2001-10-25 | Volkswagen Ag | Multi-stepped speed change gearbox has slide block with detent holes in which engages by axial displacement a guide pin by section with diameter corresponding to detent hole |
| FR2827355A1 (en) * | 2001-07-11 | 2003-01-17 | Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa | Internal control mechanism for gearbox used in road vehicle, uses electromagnet or hydraulic screw, and includes sliding locking pin actuator |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN101660606A (en) | 2010-03-03 |
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Granted publication date: 20121010 Termination date: 20130921 |