CN101655069A

CN101655069A - Wind turbine system

Info

Publication number: CN101655069A
Application number: CN200910165864A
Authority: CN
Inventors: J·J·尼斯
Original assignee: General Electric Co
Current assignee: General Electric Co
Priority date: 2008-08-08
Filing date: 2009-08-06
Publication date: 2010-02-24

Abstract

This invention relates to wind turbine system, further more, disclosed a wind turbine to convert wind energy into electricity by a positive displacement hydraulic pump (300). The hydraulic pump (300)is disposed adjacent a shaft (312) coupled to a hub (110). In one embodiment, the rotation of the hub (110) drives the hydraulic pump (300). In another embodiment, the hub (110) rotates the shaft (312) to drive the hydraulic pump (300).

Description

Wind turbine system

Technical field

The present invention openly relates to a kind of wind turbine system, and more particularly, relates to a kind of wind turbine system that comprises the hydraulic system that is used to store the wind energy of being caught.

Background technique

Wind turbine obtains growing concern as Environmental security and relatively cheap alternative energy source in recent years.Along with this growing interest, made great effort and developed reliable and effective wind turbine.

Wind turbine uses wind energy to produce electric power.Traditional wind turbine comprises the turbine blade of wind-drive, and blade is connected on the rotor that is installed on pylon or the platform.Rotor can be with the speed rotation up to about 60rpm under the stable wind-force of about 20mph.Rotor typically is connected on the generator by speed changer.Typical generator comprises synchronously or induction generator, and the constant input shaft speed of needs about 1200 to about 1800rpm is to produce power.Though variable-speed generator is available, the output of the power of variable-speed generator must be regulated before can being fed to it in utility network.Low wind condition may cause wind turbine to produce the interruption of electric power.For example, this condition can cause the remarkable reduction of the electric power quality that is produced.

Needed is a kind of wind turbine system, it provides a kind of effective transmission, this transmission combines the endurance of interrupting or the potential reduction of frequency, interruption be by of short duration low wind condition cause in the interruption aspect the generation of electrical network quality electric power.

Summary of the invention

Purpose disclosed by the invention provides a kind of wind turbine with oil hydraulic pump, and oil hydraulic pump provides pressure fluid for motor, to produce electric power.

According to first embodiment disclosed by the invention, a kind of wind turbine system is disclosed, it comprises wheel hub, be connected in the axle on the wheel hub and be arranged near the axle and be configured as the oil hydraulic pump that motor provides pressure fluid.

According to second embodiment disclosed by the invention, a kind of method that is produced electric power by wind-force is disclosed, this method comprises uses the wind energy rotary hub, drive the pump that is provided with round the axle that is connected on the wheel hub by rotary hub, so that pressurized with fluid, and utilize the pressurized fluid driven motor to produce electric power.

This paper also discloses the others of this method and system.Those of skill in the art from following embodiment and accompanying drawing with distinct and understand above-mentioned feature disclosed by the invention and further feature and advantage.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the schematic side view of wind turbine.

Fig. 2 is the schematic representation according to an one exemplary embodiment of wind turbine machine power generating system disclosed by the invention.

Fig. 3 is the schematic representation of an one exemplary embodiment of the pumping subtense angle shown in Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 A is according to a kind of exemplary pump disclosed by the invention and the partial section of rotor shaft device.

Fig. 4 B is the partial section according to another exemplary pump disclosed by the invention and rotor shaft device.

Fig. 4 C is according to the another exemplary pump disclosed by the invention and the partial section of rotor shaft device.

Fig. 4 D is according to the another exemplary pump disclosed by the invention and the partial section of rotor shaft device.

Fig. 4 E is according to the another exemplary pump disclosed by the invention and the partial section of rotor shaft device.

Fig. 4 F is according to the another exemplary pump disclosed by the invention and the partial section of rotor shaft device.

Anywhere possible, will all use identical label to represent same or analogous parts in the accompanying drawing.

Embodiment

Fig. 1 has shown according to a kind of exemplary wind turbine 100 disclosed by the invention.Wind turbine 100 comprises gondola 102 and rotor 106, and gondola 102 is installed on the top of pylon 104.Gondola 102 holds wind turbine machine power generating system 105 (Fig. 2), and this system is used for converting the wind energy that rotor 106 is caught to electric power.Gondola 102 also can hold the miscellaneous equipment that is used to control and operate wind turbine 100.Rotor 106 comprises the rotor blade 108 on the wheel hub 110 that is attached at rotation.The wheel hub 110 of rotation is connected on the wind turbine machine power generating system, and is configured as this system mechanical energy is provided.In this one exemplary embodiment, wind turbine 100 comprises three rotor blades 108.In another embodiment, wind turbine can comprise one or more rotor blades 108.The height of pylon 104 is based on factor as known in the art and condition and select, and may extend to up to 60 meters or higher height.Wind turbine 100 can be installed on any landform in the zone that can approaching have required wind condition.This landform may alter a great deal, and can include but not limited to the landform or the offshore locations on many mountains.

In some configuration,, shown a kind of exemplary illustrative arrangement that is contained in the wind turbine machine power generating system 105 in the gondola 102 (Fig. 1) with reference to Fig. 2.As can be from seen in fig. 2, rotor 106 be connected on the hydraulic pump system 120 by axle 112.Further disclose combinative hydraulic pump system 120 in the U.S. Patent application of submitting on November 6th, 2,008 12/265,824, this patent application is combined in herein by reference and intactly.

The rotation of rotor 106 is live axle 112 rotatably, so that for hydraulic pump system 120 provides mechanical energy, thereby high pressure hydraulic fluid is circulated in hydraulic pump system 120.Hydraulic pump system 120 is connected on the motor 136 by the hydraulic fluid circulatory system 125.The transformation of energy of the high-pressure liquid of motor 136 self-loopas in the future becomes mechanical energy.Motor 136 can be any fluid pressure motor that is applicable to this purpose as known in the art.Motor 136 is connected on the generator 140 by transmission device 138.Motor 136 comprises the 3rd sensor 141 that is used for the electric motor operated data are offered power generation system 105.Transmission device 138 can be an axle.Generator 140 converts mechanical energy to electric power.Generator 140 offers electrical network 150 by transmission line 142 with the electric power that is produced.In another embodiment, motor 136 and generator 140 can be combined in the single assembly.

Fig. 3 has shown the exemplary arrangements of the more detailed illustrative diagram of hydraulic pump system 120.As can be from seen in fig. 3, hydraulic pump system 120 comprises pumping subtense angle 160, high-pressure bottle 138 and low pressure vessel 134.Pumping subtense angle 160 comprises the oil hydraulic pump 300 (Fig. 4) that is driven by axle 112, so that by high-pressure liquid pipeline 121 high-pressure liquid is offered motor 136.After removing some energy, be that the fluid of low-pressure fluid is back in the pumping subtense angle 160 by the low-pressure fluid pipeline 127 with 134 one-tenth fluids connections of low-pressure fluid container now by motor 136.

Hydraulic pump system 120 also is included in the assistant subsystem 142 that becomes fluid to be communicated with between high-pressure liquid pipeline 121 and the low-pressure fluid pipeline 127.Assistant subsystem 142 is carried out one or more miscellaneous functions.Miscellaneous function refers to the function that high-pressure spray played by the working fluid that relates to electrical production indirectly, does not promptly need this fluid to flow to the function of generator 140.For example, the high-pressure spray of the working fluid in the assistant subsystem 142 can be used for lubricating bearings and/or axle 112.In this exemplary embodiment, hydraulic pump system 120 comprises an assistant subsystem 142, yet in another embodiment, hydraulic pump system 120 can comprise one or more assistant subsystem 142.In another embodiment, hydraulic pump system 120 can omit assistant subsystem 142.

Hydraulic pump system 120 also comprises first flow control gear 146, and the flow that this control gear passes bypass conduit 131 by control is adjusted the flow of pressurized working fluid between high-pressure bottle 138 and assistant subsystem 142 from pumping subtense angle 160.In addition, first flow control gear 146 can with from the flow control of pumping subtense angle 160 within predetermined operating parameters and/or threshold value, these threshold values can vary depending on the application.Hydraulic pump system 120 can comprise other flow control device (not shown), with the flow in the control hydraulic pump system 120.For example, the second flow control device (not shown) may command from high-pressure bottle 138 to motor 136 flow.First flow control gear 146 and other flow control device can be valve (for example safety check) or other device that is applicable to this purpose known in the art.

Still with reference to Fig. 3, wind-power generating system 125 comprises the first sensor 148 and second sensor 161.First sensor 148 is determined one or more operating parameters (for example power output) of generator, and keeps communicating by letter with the control subsystem (not shown).Pressure in second sensor, the 161 sensing high-pressure bottles 138, and keep communicating by letter with control subsystem.Control subsystem can include, but are not limited to microprocessor, and microprocessor disposes hardware and software, to receive and to handle communicating by letter from the first sensor 148 and second sensor 161.Control subsystem is by first flow control gear 146 control flow rate, and the discharge capacity (displacement) (for example changing the discharge capacity of pumping subtense angle 160) of control pumping subtense angle 160.Those skilled in the art will understand can increase extra sensor and/or flow control device as required under the situation that does not break away from the spirit and scope of the present invention disclosed herein.

When generator 140 overloads (being caused by the high-speed wind power condition usually), first sensor 161 is with this advisory control subsystem, and this control subsystem is determined appropriate action.This action can comprise that (1) reduces the discharge capacity of pumping subtense angle 160 (under extreme wind condition, pumping subtense angle 160 can be thrown off from rotor shaft 112 in fact); (2) reduce from high-pressure bottle 138 to motor any high pressure flow of 136 working fluid; (3) reduce from pumping subtense angle 160 to motor the high pressure flow of 136 working fluid, and increase (from pumping subtense angle 160) flow simultaneously to the pressurized working fluid of assistant subsystem 142; (4) reduce from pumping subtense angle 160 to motor the high pressure flow of 136 working fluid, and increase (from pumping subtense angle 160) high pressure flow simultaneously to the working fluid of high-pressure bottle 138, suppose that second sensor 161 senses container 138 and still has residual capacity; Or the combination in any of (5) above action.Suppose that second flow control device 146 is under its proper state, the high pressure flow that then flows to any working fluid of high-pressure bottle 138 all is stored in wherein.High-pressure bottle 138 provides the deposit of pressurized working fluid, and this deposit can be drawn towards motor 136, so that compensate at least in part owing to hanging down the pressure loss from pumping subtense angle 160 that wind condition or other reason cause.

When generator 140 underload (underdriven) (the normally result of low wind condition), first sensor 148 is with this this advisory control subsystem, and this control subsystem is determined appropriate action.This action can comprise that (1) increases the discharge capacity of pumping subtense angle 160, removes nonsystematic and operates under full capacity; (2) increase from high-pressure bottle 138 to motor the high pressure flow of 136 working fluid, unless second sensor 161 senses the underpressure of the high-pressure bottle 138 that is used for this action; (3) reduce any high pressure flow of the working fluid that flows to assistant subsystem 142 in whole or in part, and increase the high pressure flow that flows to motor 136; Or the combination in any of (4) above action.

Fig. 4 A has shown the partial section according to the one exemplary embodiment of pump-unit 400 disclosed by the invention.In this embodiment, device 400 comprises near the pump 300 that is arranged on the rotor shaft 312.Axle has front end 313 and rear end 314.Front end 313 is near wheel hub 110.Pump 300 is positioned between clutch shaft bearing 320 and the wheel hub 110, and wheel hub 110 is back shaft 312 rotatably.Device 400 also can comprise second bearing 322.Clutch shaft bearing 320 is positioned to the wheel hub 110 than the 322 more close rotations of second bearing.Axle 312 comprises at least one cam 328.This at least one cam 328 can be provided with one or more salient angles or change to some extent aspect the cam thickness, thereby provides do action at least one pump head 325 when cam rotates with rotor shaft 312.When rotor shaft 312 rotation, this at least one cam 328 is pushed at least one pump head 325 at least one cylinder 360 at least one piston 330, so that convection cell 340 pressurizations.Pressure fluid 340 is collected the pipeline (not shown) by high-pressure liquid and is collected.In this one exemplary embodiment, pump 300 comprises three cylinders 330 that have corresponding pump head 325.In another embodiment, pump 300 can comprise the one or more cylinders 330 that have one or more corresponding pumps head 325.

The same with pump head 325, first group of bearing 320 and second group of bearing 322 are supported by the inner frame (not shown) of gondola 102 (Fig. 1).In addition, though the rotor shaft 312 shown in Fig. 2 is hollow, the present invention is openly so not limited.Similarly, be not strict with for the layout or the quantity of bearing pack.For example, a side that makes bearing be positioned at pump head 325 in some applications may be favourable.

Pump head 325 also can comprise the technology that stops cylinder or other change fluid displacement, thereby is that pumping subtense angle 160 (Fig. 3) provides by making one or more cylinder portion ground stop the ability that (or startup) changes discharge capacity.Yet,, or, also can use other known variable displacement technology of those skilled in the art as the substituting of this technology except cylinder stops technology.For example, in some applications, it may be favourable using the variable positive-displacement pump with wobbler.In pumping subtense angle with two (or more a plurality of) pumps head, variation on the required discharge capacity also can be by starting one or more pumps head 325 (for example in order to manage the situation of underspeed, this situation usually occurs in during the low wind condition) or realize by making one or more pumps head stop (for example in order to manage the hypervelocity situation, this situation usually occurs in during the high-speed wind power condition).For example, under the condition of very high wind-force, stop or starting may command pump head 325 to change torque capacity from rotor shaft 312 by making its some or all cylinder 330.This ability has reduced the control demand (pitch-control) mechanism, arrestment mechanism and other costliness or high maintenance cost member that tilts.

Fig. 4 B has shown the partial section according to another one exemplary embodiment of pump-unit 400 disclosed by the invention.In this device 400, pump 300 is positioned between the clutch shaft bearing 320 and second bearing 322.Fig. 4 C has shown the another one exemplary embodiment according to pump-unit 400 disclosed by the invention.In this device 400, pump 300 is positioned between second bearing 322 and the shaft rear end 314.

Fig. 4 D has shown the another one exemplary embodiment according to pump-unit 400 disclosed by the invention.In this embodiment, be different from embodiment shown among Fig. 4 A-C, axle 312 is fixed.Axle 312 is supported by the inner frame (not shown) of gondola 102 (see figure 1)s.Pump 300 is positioned between clutch shaft bearing 320 and the wheel hub 110.In this embodiment, pump head 325 is oriented such that piston 330 drives main central axis to gondola 102 with working fluid 340, and passes the central axis of axle 312, and with the embodiment shown in Fig. 4 A-C in opposite away from this axis.As being explained in more detail hereinafter, this orientation can promote pressurized working fluid 340 to run through the distribution of axle 312.In this typical embodiment, the wheel hub 110 of rotation makes the rotation of shaft component (not shown), and shaft component makes cam 328 rotations.When wheel hub 110 rotations, cam 328 actuation piston 330, the pressure of increase working fluid 340.Pressure ducts 360 in the rotor shaft 312 are assisted its destination of leading of the high pressure flow with working fluid 340.As long as pressure duct 360 is enclosed in the core of rotor shaft 312, this embodiment's pressure duct 360 just can reduce rate of fault, and therefore needs less maintenance.Pump head 325 comprises that alternatively cylinder stops technology, thereby as required by making one or more cylinders 380 stop and starting respectively, thereby the ability of the situation of management hypervelocity and underspeed is provided for this embodiment of pumping subtense angle 160.

Fig. 4 E has shown according to disclosed by the invention to have pump 300, rotor shaft 312, clutch shaft bearing 320 and second bearing 322, and has the partial section of another exemplary embodiments of the pump-unit 400 of fixing rotor shaft 312.In this device 400, pump 300 is positioned between the clutch shaft bearing 320 and second bearing 322.Fig. 4 F has shown the another one exemplary embodiment of the pump-unit 400 with fixing rotor shaft 312.In this device 400, pump 300 is positioned between second bearing 322 and the shaft rear end 314.

In alternative, in order to reduce construct noise, axle 312 and pump 300 can break away from by utilizing the elastic coupling flexible coupling (not shown).In other words, between cam 328 and axle 312, has the flexible member of reversing.

In another embodiment, pump 300 can be connected on the axle 312 by the pump shaft (not shown).In this device, pump 300 can be directly installed on the underframe (not shown) of gondola 102 (Fig. 1), and this has considered being rigidly connected to other pressing element that can be combined in the underframe and/or on the underframe.Alternatively, pump 300, motor 136 and other hydraulic pressure additional device can be installed on flexible slide plate (skid) (not shown) of installing.

According to the layout of valve (not shown) in pump 300, in certain embodiments, comprise that the connector that separates the torque arm (not shown) may be useful.In another embodiment, pump 300 and/or motor 136 can be placed on respect on the vertical angled direction, so that pump 300 is discharged.This has caused reducing the leakage of pump 300.

In another embodiment, can be in low power applications a more than cylinder 380 be stopped among both at pump 300 and motor 136.With oil piston 330 being pressurized to upper dead center (TDC) can carry out and start/stop.This also can be by will be than the lower force applications of barometric pressure in cylinder 380, by will perhaps realizing by directly applying on the pump 300 than atmospheric pressure than the lower force applications of barometric pressure in pressure duct 360.

In another embodiment, if can not avoid the discharging fully of pump 300 or motor 136, can use the interim oil in reserve of accumulator chamber (not shown).In this case, may not need accumulator is reduced pressure.In some cases, can be partly accumulator to be decompressed to need not to make pressurized air to reach the too degree of high pressure.Perhaps, can use the fluid bag to come interim oil in reserve.

In base frame construction, pump 300 or motor 136, the auxiliary part (not shown) can be set, for example accumulator, circulation and supply pump, valve, filter and pipeline.

In another embodiment, for fear of the use of piston accumulator and have the free surface centrifugation, can reequip a kind of many compartment systems (not shown) or cylinder 380 independently.In this embodiment, cylinder 380 can have double gas port (not shown).This can be by the cylinder 380 that overload capacity is provided, or is realized by the conversion of operating point propagation of pressure.The elimination of air bag and/or piston has also promoted to be used to safeguard the accumulator purposes of discharge function.

Any interface of oil in hydraulic pump system 120 and air all can provide air to enter coil neutralization oil and enter airborne conveying.In order from oil, to remove air, can use compressor to carry it in the accumulator (not shown) so that remove.In one embodiment, this can carry out under the pressure of 250 crust.In another embodiment, this can carry out under the pressure greater than 250 crust.After emptying any low-pressure clearance that produces by air, can concrete accumulator parts be pressurizeed again.

Potential transition loss source in the hydraulic pump system 120 is the flexible of the compressibility of fluid and pump 300.In addition, by controlling the air diffusion in the oil, can strengthen the performance of hydraulic pump system 120.For example, thereby, all moving elements do not have Free Surface in the oil by being immersed in, utilize the air in the centrifuge (not shown) extraction oil, by reducing pressure in the oil partly to evaporate the water and to be easy to from oil, isolate air, and the combination in any of passing through these measures, all can reduce the air diffusion in the oil.In another embodiment, oil can sequentially pass two pumps 300, and second pump 300 is compared with first pump 300 have the bigger volume flowrate of revolution.In this way, the oil between the pump 300 will be under low pressure or the vacuum.Low pressure or vacuum may must keep by taking the air that is evaporated out of, and may increase the oil that replenishes by high pressure oil is flowed into.

Though the present invention has been described with reference to preferred embodiment, those skilled in the art will understand, can carry out various variations without departing from the scope of the invention, and substitutes its element with equivalent.In addition, under the situation that does not break away from essential scope of the present invention, also can make many remodeling, so that special situation or material adapt to instruction of the present invention.Therefore, it is intended to the present invention and is not limited to as being considered to realize optimal mode of the present invention and disclosed certain embodiments, and opposite the present invention will comprise all embodiments that fall in the claims scope.

Claims

1. wind turbine system comprises:

Wheel hub;

Be connected in the axle on the described wheel hub; With

Oil hydraulic pump, its be arranged on described axle near, and be configured to provide pressure fluid to motor.

2. wind turbine according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described oil hydraulic pump is directly driven by described axle.

3. wind turbine system according to claim 1 is characterized in that described wheel hub is configured to drive described pump, and described axle is fixed.

4. wind turbine system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described wheel hub makes described axle rotation to drive described pump.

5. wind turbine system according to claim 3 is characterized in that, described wind turbine system also comprises the clutch shaft bearing that rotatably supports described axle, and wherein said pump is positioned between described clutch shaft bearing and the described wheel hub.

6. wind turbine system according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, described wind turbine system also comprises the clutch shaft bearing and second bearing that rotatably supports described axle, and wherein said clutch shaft bearing is positioned near the described wheel hub, and described pump is positioned between described clutch shaft bearing and described second bearing.

7. wind turbine system according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, described wind turbine system also comprises the clutch shaft bearing and second bearing that rotatably supports the described axle with front-end and back-end, and wherein said clutch shaft bearing is near near the location of the front end described wheel hub, and described pump is positioned between described second bearing and the described rear end.

8. wind turbine system according to claim 4 is characterized in that, described wind turbine system also comprises the clutch shaft bearing that rotatably supports described axle, and wherein said pump is positioned between described clutch shaft bearing and the described wheel hub.

9. wind turbine system according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, described wind turbine system also comprises the clutch shaft bearing and second bearing that rotatably supports described axle, and wherein said clutch shaft bearing is positioned near the described wheel hub, and described pump is positioned between described clutch shaft bearing and described second bearing.

10. wind turbine system according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, described wind turbine system also comprises the clutch shaft bearing and second bearing that rotatably supports described axle, and wherein said clutch shaft bearing is positioned near the described wheel hub, and described pump is positioned at after described second bearing.