CN101648775A - High-quality and high-efficiency composite production technology of glass basis fiber composite - Google Patents
High-quality and high-efficiency composite production technology of glass basis fiber composite Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-quality and high-efficiency composite production technology of a glass basis fiber composite, which is a composite production technology for adding fiber with higher softening temperature or tolerance temperature and expansion coefficient being close to or less than the expansion coefficient of the glass basis into a glass basis which is completely softened or liquidized and has a lower softening temperature within a specific temperature range and a specific time range by a chopped fiber, mixing addition method, a long fiber, fibermesh or fiber cloth addition method, a composite addition method, and the like. Products produced by the composite production technology has the advantages of fewer holes, less impurity content, higher intensity, stronger press resistance, unbreakable performance, excellent transparency and good rotproofness and can replace wood, plastics and the like and can be applied to building, furniture, artware, mechanical production, such as mechanical parts, auto glass, aerospace, other machinery and appliances, and other fields.
Description
Technical field:
Hole is arranged the glass basis fibre composites product of producing with present technique invention and magazine is considerably less, crushing resistance is strong, hardness is big, resistance to elevated temperatures is good, transparency is very high, production technique simple, the production efficiency advantages of higher.The glass basis fibre composites that the present technique invention is produced can be used for building, furniture, artwork, daily necessities, machinofacture---as: mechanical component, vehicle glass, fields such as aerospace, other machinery, utensil.
Technical background:
Glass has hardness big, and also bigger than the hardness of steel, density is little, and the transparency is good, resistance to elevated temperatures is good.And the very abundant advantages such as (content in the earth's crust tens kms reach 65%) of starting material.But the shortcoming of its maximum is an impact resistance not.Be easy to fragmentation when meeting bump, easy spalling when meeting high temperature.Hurt sb.'s feelings easily after the fragmentation.Therefore its use range and safety range have been reduced.
Intensity is big, the toughened glass of better performances though have now.Its mechanical property, compressive property neither be very desirable.When being subjected to bump greater than ability to bear as toughened glass, monolithic glass all can be broken into a lot of fritters, and splashes easily and hurt sb.'s feelings.
Laminated glass is the PVC plastics that fold up layer of transparent between two blocks of glass.It can only prevent the effect that the glass fragment disperses and hurts sb.'s feelings, the effect of no reinforcing glass when glass is subjected to clashing into fragmentation.
Wire glass is also to be in when softening at glass, and wire that pre-thermal expansivity is close or wire netting are pressed and put in the remollescent glass.It has reinforcing glass and prevents the effect that broken glass disperses.But its increase effect to glass is not very big, and after adding wire netting, the transparency of glass and aesthetic property are subjected to very big influence.
Plastics and fiber composite article, glass fiber reinforced plastics product.Glass reinforced plastic is the mixture of Resins, epoxy and glass fibre, and their shortcoming is that Resins, epoxy and plastics hardness are low, non-refractory, anti-uv-ray are poor.
In order to overcome above-mentioned numerous shortcoming, the glass basis fibre composites has occurred.But general production technology is three kinds of mud pickling process, sol-gel method, mud pickling process and sol-gel method produced with combination methods etc.
The invention of US 4314852 and US 5391213 is the making production of mud pickling process.Their main making method is: glass basis is burnt through high temperature melt earlier, again the water trip quench, processing such as pulverizing, ball milling.Glass basis is made small powdery granule.Add propyl alcohol or other solvent and polymeric adhesive and make the muddy complex body.Fortifying fibre is by behind the mud dipping, arranges, drying treatment, and cutting, lamination are made impregnated tape again.High Temperature High Pressure moulding under the protection of nitrogen or other rare gas element behind impregnated tape drying, the binder removal.
US 5399440 inventions are made as sol-gel method.Its invention making method mainly is: utilize the metal alkoxide hydrolysis to produce metal oxide, form colloidal sol and prepare glass basis.Fortifying fibre is directly compound with the glass basis of preparation, and the glue particle is assembled the formation gel on fortifying fibre.And then it is hot-forming.Make the glass basis fibre composite.
The production technology of ZL 93117961.0 is the invention of puddling and sol-gel method produced with combination glass basis fibre composite.Its main making method is: prepare glass basis with sol-gel method, make the colloidal sol of cohesive action at the adding binding agent.Fortifying fibre is impregnated in the glass basis suspensoid that is prepared into, and row's silk is on drum then, and the hot repressing sintering is made the glass basis fibre composite.
The technological invention of manufacturing that also has is: make glass basis with glass fine-powder or ORGANDY, glassmat, fabric or this several combination.Adopt glass basis thing and fortifying fibre apart from one another by the ordering lay then.High pressure, elevated temperature heat sintering are made the glass basis fiber reinforced material under the protection of nitrogen or other rare gas element then.
The shortcoming that the product of manufacturing technological method and producing of above-mentioned glass basis fibre composite exists has:
Loaded down with trivial details, the consuming time length of production process, material cost height, production efficiency is low, product lot quantity production difficulty is bigger.
2. the glass basis fiber composite product shortcoming of producing:
(1). voids content is big: voids content is about 5%--10%, and reason is that glass basis contains other material such as impurity such as solvent propyl alcohol or binding agent, and solvent and binding agent high temperature evaporation form in the making processes.Or the glass basis starting material are solid, contain gas, and gas can not be discharged in the making processes.
(2), influenced the quality of product to a great extent because voids content is big.Thereby compressive property, surface hardness, transparency, resistance to elevated temperatures of making product etc. have substantial degradation.
The compound production technology of the high-quality and high-efficiency of glass basis fibre composites of the present invention, be in specific range of temperatures and specified time scope, softening fully or liquefaction, in the lower glass basis of softening temperature, it is higher directly to add tolerable temperature, thermal expansivity near or less than the technology of the fiber of glass basis.Before making production or in the making production process, not only impurity such as other solvent, binding agent need not be added, the gas in the glass basis can also be got rid of.The advantage of the product that the compound production technology of this high-quality and high-efficiency is invented and produced has:
This compound production technology simple, produce the time spent short, production cost is low, can produce in batches fast.
2. the product voids content of this compound production technology production is considerably less, and voids content is below 0.5%.The product compressive property of this method, surface hardness, transparency, resistance to elevated temperatures etc. all have very big mentioning, particularly transparency of products.Increased the range of application of glass basis fibre composite.
Summary of the invention:
The present invention is in specific range of temperatures and specified time scope, and softening fully or liquefaction, in the lower glass basis of softening temperature, it is higher to add tolerable temperature, thermal expansivity near or less than the fiber of glass basis.Compound adition process can be in normal barometric pressure or high pressure or the high pressure compacting again of first low pressure removing gas; Air or other rare gas element as: finish under the gases such as nitrogen, argon gas.
Softening temperature or high more its thermal expansivity of tolerable temperature of general glass, fiber are more little.
Add fiber thermal expansivity will near or less than the reason of the glass basis coefficient of expansion be: the glass composite product that adds fiber is when the expanded by heating, and the excessive fiber of the anti-coefficient of expansion is the little glass basis spalling of the coefficient of expansion.
Adition process is to finish in specific temperature range and specific time range.
Specific range of temperatures is meant: above following this specific range of temperatures of tolerable temperature to add of fiber of the softening temperature of glass basis, the big more Vietnamese side of this specific range of temperatures is convenient to make and produces.Specific temperature range is different because of the fiber of glass basis and adding, and its scope is also different.
As: its specific range of temperatures of simple glass adding silicon nitride fiber is that the about 500 ℃ of tolerable temperatures to silicon nitride fiber more than-600 ℃ of the softening temperature of simple glass are about below 2000 ℃.If simple glass adds carbon fiber, its specific range of temperatures is that the about 500 ℃ of tolerable temperatures to carbon fiber more than-600 ℃ of the softening temperature of simple glass are about below 3000 ℃.
The specified time scope is meant: fiber in adding the process of glass basis, adds the time of being heated to be heated can not meet or exceed a certain temperature of fiber in specific range of temperatures the time in the time range of the fiber unchangeability that can bear in specific range of temperatures.Its scope is different because of the kind of fiber and temperature.
Being heated 1100 ℃ the time as: quartz glass fibre to keep the characteristic of fiber in the halfhour time range, so the specified time scope of quartz glass fibre in the time of 1100 ℃ is in 30 minutes.If add quartz glass fibre 1100 ℃ temperature, the required time of the process of that adding will finish in 30 minutes.If quartz glass fibre its specified time scope more than 1100 ℃ temperature just shortens.If quartz glass fibre its specified time scope below 1100 ℃ temperature just prolongs.
The softening temperature and the tolerable temperature of part glass basis, fiber:
| The glass basis kind | Softening temperature (℃) | Kinds of fibers | Tolerable temperature (℃) |
| Simple glass | ??500--600 | Boron nitride fibre | ??1200--1400 |
| Potassic glass | ??700 | Titaniferous cracking silica fibre | ??1300 |
| Borate glass | ??750--800 | Silicon nitride fiber | ??2000 |
| Alumina silicate glass | ??800--900 | Zirconium oxide fibre | ??2000--2500 |
| Vagcor | ??1700 | Carbon fiber | ??3000--3500 |
| Silica glass | ??1710 | The ceramic-like fiber | ??2500 |
| ??--- | ??--- | Resurrection glass fibre | ??1500 |
| ??--- | ??--- | Quartz glass fibre | ??1500 |
In the making processes of various adding technology, it is good more that the temperature of adding fiber can be chosen in low more temperature adding, and the time of adition process is short more good more.Purpose is to make the fibre property of adding to be retained in best state.
Add the glass of fiber, be referred to as glass basis.Can be various types of glass.As (example goes out segment glass matrix title, do not represent all): simple glass, borate glass, alumina silicate glass, potassic glass, vagcor, silica glass etc.
The fiber that adds glass basis can be various fibers.The fiber that adds will satisfy three conditions:
1. add the temperature that the softening temperature of fiber maybe can bear, be higher than the softening temperature of glass basis.
The thermal expansivity of fiber will near or less than the thermal expansivity of molten mass glass.
3. in specific range of temperatures and specified time scope, adding under the air pressure, the fiber of adding can not produce chemical reaction with glass basis or physical property is dissolved and the characteristic of destruction fiber.
The fiber that can add has (example goes out the qualified fiber of part, does not represent all): carbon fiber, ceramic-like fiber, silicon nitride fiber, boron nitride fibre, titaniferous cracking silica fibre, Zirconium oxide fibre, resurrection glass fibre, quartz glass fibre etc.
The glass fibre that adds or the kind of other fiber can only add a kind ofly, also can add multiple simultaneously.Additional proportion can be any.
Elder generation's preheating when the proportion of fibers that adds is big, make its temperature near or be higher than the temperature of the glass basis of softening fully or liquefaction.If add proportion of fibers after a little while or glass basis temperature when higher, not preheating does not influence when adding quality, can be without preheating.
As: by producing the kind that needs selected glass basis.As to select silica glass be glass basis, and its softening temperature is 1710 ℃.The fiber that it can add must be tolerable temperature greater than 1710 ℃, and and 1710 ℃ certain temperature spread will be arranged.The big more Vietnamese side of temperature spread is convenient to make and produces.The thermal expansivity and the silica glass coefficient of expansion that add fiber in addition are approaching, or less than the fiber of the silica glass coefficient of expansion.As: can add carbon fiber, Zirconium oxide fibre, silicon nitride fiber, ceramic-like fiber etc.Then can not select to add tolerable temperature and be lower than the boron nitride fibre of quartz glass substrate softening temperature or titaniferous cracking silica fibre etc.
Because glass basis only is heated to softening temperature or higher, the chemical structure of itself does not also change, and its physicals of back of bringing down a fever can not change yet.The fiber heating does not reach its tolerable temperature, therefore adds back fiber physical property and chemical property and can not change yet.
Glass basis will be removed clean as far as possible when glass basis contains gas before making compound adding and in the recombination process, or glass basis can add various tinting materials, makes and is with versicolor product.
Fiber can be done various physics and chemical treatment before adding.As plate layer of substance, or coat high temperature resistant, inert material.Make its surface have shades of colour, or fiber surface form one deck passivation layer protective glass fiber.The quality of protection fiber and fortifying fibre adding, the effect of intensity are arranged.
The glass basis fibre composite products quality height that the compound production technology of the high-quality and high-efficiency of this glass basis fibre composites is produced can carry out other glass processings such as quarter, chemical tempering, top coat, chemical treatment in tempering, plated film, interlayer, glass surface cleaning, glass surface enhancing, the laser again.
The adding method:
One. chopped strand, mixing addition method:
With glass basis heating or bring down a fever to specific range of temperatures, glass basis will soften or liquefy fully.
To select chopped strand preheating in specific range of temperatures of adding again, make its temperature near or be higher than the temperature of softening back glass basis.But can not reach or be higher than the tolerable temperature of fiber itself.Mix then.The proportion of fibers that adds can be any, adds as required.
This method is applicable to that the tolerable temperature that adds fiber is higher than the softening temperature of glass basis more greatly.So that when in adding the blending in of fibers process, air being arranged, the glass basis viscosity is diminished,, or add finings etc. and remove air in low pressure or negative pressure.
Mix, remove behind the air again with tractive, die casting, compacting, pressure put, layering compacting, calendering, float glass process, calendering and float glass process combination etc. are made into other products.
Two. macrofiber, fibrous reticulum, cloth addition method:
Fiber is made macrofiber, fibrous reticulum or cloth, again with mould add, press put, method addings such as layering compacting, calendering, calendering and float glass process combination.Fibrous reticulum or cloth can be pressed and be put one deck, also can press and put multilayer.Can only press and put a kind of types of fibers net or cloth, also can press simultaneously and put multiple fibrous reticulum or cloth.This method is mainly used in the less production of tolerable temperature gap of the fiber of the softening temperature of glass basis and adding, also can be used for the big production of gap.
Also can be earlier the glass basis of or liquefaction softening fully at surface impregnation one deck of macrofiber, fibrous reticulum or cloth.Glass basis will remain on softening fully or liquefaction, and the methods such as addition method, layering pressing, calendering addition method of putting with mould addition method, pressure again add.
1. mould addition method:
(1). die perfusion casting: fiber is made into macrofiber, fibrous reticulum or cloth, makes and produce needed shape.Put into mould.In specific range of temperatures, be preheating to temperature near glass basis.The tolerable temperature that can not be higher than fiber itself during preheating.Liquid glass matrix in the specific range of temperatures of reinjecting.
(2). impregnation mold pressing: the first glass basis that softens or liquefy fully at surface impregnation one deck of macrofiber, fibrous reticulum or cloth.The glass basis of fiber surface will keep fully softening or liquefaction, surface impregnation is had that fibre composites softening or the liquefaction glass basis is put into mould inner pressure system, the moulding of bringing down a fever again.
2. press and put addition method:
Fiber is made into macrofiber, fibrous reticulum or cloth, makes and produce needed shape.In specific range of temperatures, be preheating to temperature near glass basis, again with equipment press insert softening fully or liquefaction in the glass basis of specific range of temperatures.
3. layering compacting:
As make a sheet glass that adds fiber: the glass basis that one deck softens or liquefies is fully put in tiling earlier in specific range of temperatures; One or more layers fibrous reticulum or cloth are inserted in pre-again hot pressing; The glass basis that one deck softens or liquefies is fully put in tiling in specific range of temperatures again, and one or more layers fibrous reticulum or cloth are inserted in pre-again hot pressing.The thickness that keeps flat glass basis can be any.Place so repeatedly, reach the needed thickness and the number of plies.
4. calendering adds:
In the glass basis of softening fully or liquefaction, add the fibrous reticulum or the cloth of preheating with rolling equipment.Can simultaneously or add one or more layers fibrous reticulum or cloth in batches.
5. rolling process and float glass process are in conjunction with adding:
When if the tolerable temperature of the fiber that adds is very high.This temperature is in the time of will meeting or exceeding process " float glass process operation " glass basis to be heated to the temperature that viscosity is the 501-15884.9Pas scope.As this temperature of simple glass is 1100 ℃--about 1600 ℃.Use earlier rolling equipment, add one or more layers fibrous reticulum or the cloth of preheating.And then make the glass basis mixture that adds fibrous reticulum or cloth pass through the production process of " float glass process system ".Make smooth on pyritous liquid tin face, the polishing of the mixture that adds fibrous reticulum or cloth.Be processed into product by various polishings, annealing, cutting etc. again after coming out of the stove.
Three. compound addition method:
1. above-mentioned all adding methods.Can use separately.Also can two or more compound use.Make a glass as first chopped strand, hybrid system, then also when softening, press on single face or two sides and to insert the fibrous reticulum or the cloth of preheating.
2. forward and backward two kinds of kinds of fibers that method added of compound addition method can be the same, also can be different.Chopped strand, macrofiber, fibrous reticulum and cloth can two or more compound addings.
Specific implementation method one: chopped strand, mixing add:
Be selected in simple glass (500 ℃ of softening temperatures--600 ℃) and add carbon fiber (can tolerate 3000 ℃), the fiber additional proportion is any.
(1). with the heating of complete remollescent simple glass or bring down a fever and (arrive the temperature range below the softening temperature of carbon fiber the softening temperature of simple glass more than to specific range of temperatures.Be about 600 ℃-3000 ℃) in, select now to heat or bring down a fever to about 1100 ℃.Note, heat the temperature of complete remollescent simple glass, can not meet or exceed about 3000 ℃ of the tolerable temperatures of carbon fiber.The carbon fiber chemical property of avoiding adding changes, and the performance of its fiber changes.General selected temperature is lower than the tolerable temperature of carbon fiber as far as possible.Make the tolerable temperature of liquid simple glass of the complete remollescent of heating and carbon fiber that certain temperature spread be arranged.It is constant so more to cut the properties of carbon of protecting adding.Be beneficial to production.
(2). with chopped carbon fiber.Its staple length is not too long, and is oversize when adding, and can be wound in bulk.Can not be too short, the draw properties of having lacked very much in glass is not strong.The length of establishing carbon fiber now is 1 centimetre.Be preheating near about 1100 ℃ of the temperature of remollescent simple glass.But can not meet or exceed 3000 ℃ of the withstand temps of carbon fiber.
(3). the weak point after the preheating is cut 1 centimetre carbon fiber add in the softening fully simple glass and mix.Mixing to stir is being uniformly dispersed carbon fiber fully in the remollescent simple glass.
(4). mix.If be mixed with air interior, with heat (temperature of heating back mixture can not near or reach 3000 ℃ of the withstand temps of carbon fiber), the viscosity that makes the liquid simple glass in the mixture can add finings simultaneously and use low pressure less than 10Pa.s, and air is removed in vacuum suction.Again with tractive, die casting, compacting, pressure put, layering compacting, calendering, float glass process, calendering and float glass process in conjunction with etc. manufacture other products.
Specific implementation method two: macrofiber, fibrous reticulum, cloth addition method:
Be selected in simple glass (500 ℃-600 ℃ of softening temperatures) and add silicon nitride fiber net or cloth (2000 ℃ of silicon nitride fiber tolerable temperatures).
1. mould addition method:
A. die perfusion casting:
(1). silicon nitride fiber is made into fibrous reticulum or cloth, makes the needed shape of product.Put into mould.In specific range of temperatures, be preheating to 1100 ℃ or be higher than 1100 ℃, but can not meet or exceed 2000 ℃ of the soft tolerable temperatures of silicon nitride, or the heated time about 1000 ℃ can not surpass the time range that silicon nitride fiber is heated in this temperature.
(2). the complete remollescent simple glass (establishing temperature is 1100 ℃) that also is in that clarification is made injects in the mould.Bring down a fever then and make product.
B. impregnation mold pressing:
(1). earlier long carbon fiber or carbon fibre web or carbon cloth, be impregnated in the alumina silicate glass matrix of softening fully or liquefaction.The alumina silicate glass matrix of the softening fully or liquefaction of the surface attachment one deck that makes long carbon fiber or carbon fibre web or carbon cloth.
(2). the alumina silicate glass matrix will remain on softening fully or liquefaction, the long carbon fiber that has the alumina silicate glass matrix or carbon fibre web or carbon cloth, presses and inserts in the mould of required shape.Suppress, bring down a fever, moulding makes product.
2. press and put addition method:
(1). also be in the sheet glass that complete remollescent simple glass (establishing about 1000 ℃ of temperature) is made 1 meter x1 rice to what clarification was made.Make the back simple glass and will remain on soft state.
(2). silicon nitride fiber is made into two 1 meter x1 rice fibrous reticulums or cloth.In specific range of temperatures, be preheating near complete 1000 ℃ of dull and stereotyped simple glass temperature of remollescent or higherly (but can not meet or exceed 2000 ℃ of the tolerable temperatures of silicon nitride fiber, or the heated time about 1000 ℃ can not surpass the time range that silicon nitride fiber is heated in this temperature.)。
(3). the silicon nitride fiber net or the cloth of one or more 1 meters x1 rice of preheating, alignment is pressed to insert and still is in the complete remollescent ordinary plate glass.Bring down a fever, make product.
3. layering compacting:
(1). one deck liquid simple glass (establishing temperature is about 1000 ℃) of complete remollescent in specific range of temperatures tiles earlier.
(2). in specific range of temperatures about preheating one deck silicon nitride fiber net or cloth to 1000 ℃, smooth pressure is put on the remollescent simple glass again.
(3). one deck liquid simple glass of complete remollescent in specific range of temperatures that tiles again,
(4). one deck silicon nitride fiber net or cloth are inserted in pre-again hot pressing.
The thickness of the softening simple glass of tiling can be appointed and got.Add so repeatedly, up to required thickness.Other the cloth or the fibrous reticulum that also can add multiple class simultaneously.
4. calendering adds:
Earlier silica glass is softened to about 1800 ℃ fully.Carbon fibre web that will add or cloth are preheating to 1800 ℃ in specific range of temperatures.Then the carbon fibre web of remollescent silica glass and preheating or cloth are passed through rolling equipment.Carbon fibre web or cloth concora crush are gone in the remollescent silica glass.Can simultaneously or be pressed into multilayer in batches or only be pressed into one deck.Also can be pressed into the cloth or the fibrous reticulum of other multiple class simultaneously.
5. calendering combines adding with float glass process:
The tolerable temperature of the fiber that this method adds requires very high.Therefore in this specific implementation method, the fiber that adds at simple glass is carbon fibre web or the cloth that can bear comparatively high temps.
(1). simple glass is heated.Simple glass is melted fully, and its viscosity is reached in the scope of 501-15884.9Pas.General this temperature is 1100 ℃--about 1600 ℃.
(2). the carbon fibre web that add or cloth are preheating to temperature near the simple glass after the heating in specific range of temperatures.Temperature as the liquid simple glass is very high, or the amount of adding carbon fiber is less, and the liquid simple glass is just when viscosity is the 501-15884.9Pas scope after adding carbon fibre web or the cloth.Can be without preheating cloth or fibrous reticulum.
(3). add carbon fibre web after one or more layers preheating or cloth by rolling equipment and press and insert in the liquid simple glass.
(4). again the glass composite of pressing postpone is passed through " float glass process system ".The viscosity of the liquid simple glass when entering the float glass process system will remain in the scope of 501-15884.9Pas.Make glass mixture on the tin face, under gravity and tensile effect, shakeout voluntarily, polish.
(5). after bringing down a fever again through various processing, as cutting, edging, etc. make product.
Specific implementation method three: compound addition method:
All above-mentioned methods can be used separately, also can two or more compound use.Now the pressure of chopped strand, mixing addition method and fibrous reticulum, cloth addition method is put addition method, two kinds of compound together uses add with kind or different types of fiber.
(1). (making method is identical with the making method step that above-mentioned simple glass mixes the adding chopped carbon fiber, no longer describes in detail here with blending means earlier.) the short carbon fiber of cutting of adding in simple glass.Simple glass still remains on soft state after adding, and establishing remollescent simple glass temperature is about 1000 ℃.
(2). silicon nitride fiber is made fibrous reticulum or cloth.In specific range of temperatures, be preheating near 1000 ℃ of remollescent simple glass temperature.
(3). add silicon nitride fiber net, cloth by rolling equipment again.
(4). one side can be pressed into, also the two sides can be pressed into.Being pressed into silicon nitride fiber net or cloth can be one deck, also can successively be pressed into multilayer.
Specific implementation method four:
1. selecting simple glass is glass basis, and the fiber of adding is carbon fibre web or cloth.Glass basis adds tinting material before adding carbon fibre web or cloth.
(1). the simple glass in softening fully or liquefaction adds an amount of ferric oxide, makes simple glass yellowly.And painted simple glass is remained in the specific temperature range.
(2). carbon fiber is made fibrous reticulum or cloth.Preheating in specific range of temperatures makes the temperature of its temperature near simple glass.
(3). again with mould add, press put, methods such as layering compacting, calendering are carbon fibre web or cloth, be pressed in the painted simple glass single or multiple lift.
2. glass basis can add multiple tinting material simultaneously, makes molten mass glass be band shades of colour pattern.
(1). add cupric oxide (cyan), ferric oxide (yellow), Cadmium Sulfide (redness) respectively at simple glass.
(2). versicolorly be in complete remollescent simple glass and be mixed together adding, but do not mix, make the natural pattern of three kinds of colors of simple glass.
(3). with calendering, press and to put, to divide lamination the method preheating such as to put to add carbon fibre web or cloth.
Concrete enforcement five:
(1). carry out chemistry or physical treatment at carbon fiber surface earlier.Increase the performance of fiber or the effect of protection fiber.
(2). simple glass heating or bring down a fever in specific range of temperatures, establishing its temperature is 1000 ℃.And be in complete soft state.
(3). the carbon fiber of chemistry or physical treatment is preheating to the approaching temperature of remollescent simple glass fully.
(4). with calendering, press and to put, to divide lamination method such as to put, the carbon fibre web or the cloth of passing through chemistry or physical treatment are added in the complete remollescent simple glass.
Specific implementation method six:
(1). with calendering, press put, divide that lamination is put, float glass process, calendering add one or more layers carbon fibre web or cloth with methods such as float glass process combine in simple glass.Processing such as polishing, edging then.Make polylith sheet glass.
(2). and then plated film, interlayer, glass surface cleaning, glass surface strengthen, glass processings such as quarter, chemical tempering, top coat, chemical treatment in the laser.
Claims (10)
1. the present invention is the compound production technology of high-quality and high-efficiency of glass basis fibre composites.It is in specific range of temperatures and specified time scope, and in softening fully or liquefaction, and in the lower glass basis of softening temperature, it is higher to add softening temperature or tolerable temperature, thermal expansivity near or less than the fiber of glass basis.Compound adition process can be in normal barometric pressure or high pressure or the high pressure compacting again of first low pressure removing gas; Air or other rare gas element as: finish under the gases such as nitrogen, argon gas.
2. the described adition process that it is characterized in that of claim 1 is to finish in specific temperature range and specific time range.
Specific range of temperatures is meant: above following this specific range of temperatures of tolerable temperature to add of fiber of the softening temperature of glass basis, the big more Vietnamese side of this specific range of temperatures is convenient to make and produces.Specific temperature range is different because of the fiber of glass basis and adding, and its scope is also different.
As: its specific range of temperatures of simple glass adding silicon nitride fiber is that the about 500 ℃ of tolerable temperatures to silicon nitride fiber more than-600 ℃ of the softening temperature of simple glass are about below 2000 ℃.If simple glass adds carbon fiber, its specific range of temperatures is that the about 500 ℃ of tolerable temperatures to carbon fiber more than-600 ℃ of the softening temperature of simple glass are about below 3000 ℃.
The specified time scope is meant: fiber in the process that adds, adds the time of being heated to be heated can not meet or exceed a certain temperature of fiber in specific range of temperatures the time in the time range of the fiber unchangeability that can bear in specific range of temperatures.Its scope is different because of the kind of fiber and temperature.
Being heated 1100 ℃ the time as: quartz glass fibre to keep the characteristic of fiber in the halfhour time range, so the specified time scope of quartz glass fibre in the time of 1100 ℃ is in 30 minutes.If add quartz glass fibre 1100 ℃ temperature, the required time of the process of that adding will finish in 30 minutes.If quartz glass fibre its specified time scope more than 1100 ℃ temperature just shortens.If quartz glass fibre its specified time scope below 1100 ℃ temperature just prolongs.
3. according to claim 1, the glass that adds fiber is referred to as glass basis.Can be various types of glass.As (example goes out segment glass matrix title, do not represent all): simple glass, borate glass, alumina silicate glass, potassic glass, vagcor, silica glass etc.
4. according to claim 1, the fiber of adding glass basis can be various types of fiber.It is characterized in that:
A. the tolerable temperature of fiber will be higher than the softening temperature of glass basis.
B. the thermal expansivity of fiber will near or less than the thermal expansivity of glass basis.
C. in specific range of temperatures and specified time scope, adding under the environment, the fiber of adding can not produce chemical reaction with glass basis or physical property is dissolved and the characteristic of destruction fiber.
The fiber that can add has (example goes out the qualified fiber of part, does not represent all): carbon fiber, ceramic-like fiber, silicon nitride fiber, boron nitride fibre, titaniferous cracking silica fibre, Zirconium oxide fibre, resurrection glass fibre, quartz glass fibre etc.
D. the kind that adds fiber can be a kind of, also can add the fiber of multiple class simultaneously.The proportion of fibers that adds can be any, adds as required.
5. the described glass basis of claim 3 is characterized in that: will remove clean when glass basis contains gas before making compound adding and in the recombination process as far as possible, glass basis can add various tinting materials before making the adding fiber or in the adition process, makes and is with versicolor product.
6. the described fiber of claim 4 is characterized in that: fiber can be done various physics and chemical treatment before adding.As plate layer of substance, or coat high temperature resistant, inert material.Make its surface have shades of colour, or fiber surface form one deck passivation layer protective glass fiber.The quality of protection fiber and fortifying fibre adding, the effect of intensity are arranged.
Chopped strand, mix addition method:
Glass basis is heated in the specific range of temperatures.Or the glass basis that temperature is higher than specific range of temperatures brought down a fever in specific range of temperatures, glass basis will be in the state of softening fully or liquefaction.
The fiber that to select again to add in specific range of temperatures, be preheating near or be higher than temperature softening fully or liquefaction back glass basis.Add then and mix.
This method is used to add the bigger softening temperature that is higher than glass basis of tolerable temperature of fiber.So that when in adding the blending in of fibers process, air being arranged, can the viscosity of glass basis be diminished,, or add finings etc. and remove air in low pressure or negative pressure.
Mix, remove behind the air again with tractive, die casting, compacting, pressure put, layering compacting, calendering, float glass process, calendering and float glass process combination etc. manufacture other products.
8. macrofiber, fibrous reticulum, cloth addition method:
Fiber is made macrofiber, fibrous reticulum or cloth, put addition method, layering pressing, methods addings such as calendering addition method, calendering and float glass process combination with mould addition method, pressure again.Can only add one deck, also can be multilayer.The fiber that adds can be a same kind of fibrid, also can add the fiber of multiple class simultaneously.
Also can be earlier the glass basis of or liquefaction softening fully at surface impregnation one deck of macrofiber, fibrous reticulum or cloth.Glass basis will remain on softening fully or liquefaction, and the methods such as addition method, layering pressing, calendering addition method of putting with mould addition method, pressure again add.
A. mould adds: (1). die perfusion casting: fiber is made into macrofiber, fibrous reticulum or cloth, makes and produce needed shape.Put into mould.In specific range of temperatures, be preheating to temperature near glass basis.The tolerable temperature that can not be higher than fiber itself during preheating.Liquid glass matrix in the specific range of temperatures of reinjecting.(2). impregnation mold pressing: the first glass basis that softens or liquefy fully at surface impregnation one deck of macrofiber, fibrous reticulum or cloth.The glass basis of fiber surface will be in softening or liquefaction, surface impregnation is had that fibre composites softening or the liquefaction glass basis is put into mould inner pressure system, the moulding of bringing down a fever again.
B. press and put adding: fiber is made into macrofiber, fibrous reticulum or cloth, makes and produce needed shape.In specific range of temperatures, be preheating to temperature near glass basis, again with equipment press insert softening fully or liquefaction in the glass basis of specific range of temperatures.
C. layering compacting: the glass basis that first lay one deck softens or liquefies fully in specific range of temperatures; One or more layers fibrous reticulum or cloth are inserted in pre-hot pressing in specific range of temperatures again; Repave and put the glass basis that one deck softens or liquefies fully in specific range of temperatures; One or more layers fibrous reticulum or cloth are inserted in pre-hot pressing in specific range of temperatures again.The thickness that keeps flat glass basis can be any.Press so repeatedly and put, reach the needed thickness and the number of plies.
D. calendering adds: in the glass basis with the softening fully or liquefaction in specific range of temperatures of various rolling equipments, the calendering adding various in specific range of temperatures fibrous reticulum after the preheating or cloth.Can simultaneously or add one or more layers cloth or fibrous reticulum in batches.
E. calendering, float glass process are in conjunction with adding: if when the tolerable temperature of the fiber that adds is very high.In the glass basis of softening fully or liquefaction, add one or more layers fibrous reticulum or cloth with rolling process earlier.And then make the making worker of the glass basis fibre composites process " float glass process system " that adds fibrous reticulum or cloth be.Make and add cloth or fibroreticulate mixture is smooth on pyritous liquid tin face, polishing.Be processed into product by various polishings, annealing, cutting etc. again after coming out of the stove.
9. above-mentioned all adding methods.Can use separately.Also can two or more compound use.A kind of fiber can be only added or fiber more than two types can be added simultaneously.Chopped strand, macrofiber, fibrous reticulum and cloth can two or more compound addings.
10. the glass basis fibre composite products quality height produced of the compound production technology of the high-quality and high-efficiency of this glass basis fibre composites can carry out that tempering, plated film, interlayer, glass surface cleaning, glass surface strengthen, other glass processings such as quarter, chemical tempering, top coat, chemical treatment in the laser again.
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| CN200910172089A CN101648775A (en) | 2008-10-17 | 2009-08-31 | High-quality and high-efficiency composite production technology of glass basis fiber composite |
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| CN200810073848.1 | 2008-10-17 | ||
| CNA2008100738481A CN101423332A (en) | 2008-10-17 | 2008-10-17 | Technique for adding fiberglass or other fibre to glass |
| CN200910172089A CN101648775A (en) | 2008-10-17 | 2009-08-31 | High-quality and high-efficiency composite production technology of glass basis fiber composite |
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| CN200910172089A Pending CN101648775A (en) | 2008-10-17 | 2009-08-31 | High-quality and high-efficiency composite production technology of glass basis fiber composite |
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